Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy FY07 OMB Briefing Draft v1.0

Office of Science

U.S. Department of Energy

FY07 OMB BriefingDraft v1.0

Office of Science


Big Issues

Future of HEP facilities Bfactory operations end after FY06

Lose ~ a factor of two in data (vs over target), cede CP violation physics to Japan

Large number (~300) of RIFs, bumpy transition to LCLS

Tevatron operations end after FY08 Lose ~30-50% of data, possible indications of new physics

before LHC

No new domestic facilities other than NuMI from 2008 until super neutrino beam (2015)

ILC on slow track (construction start 2015?)

Office of Science


Big Issues

Research retrenchment Core research and tech R&D reduced $19M at a

time when manpower needs for LHC are peaking, and Tevatron continuing

Large redirections out of B-factory program Major realignment of university program;

Research productivity seriously impacted By 2011, 25% of research workforce (~500

FTEs) will have left HEP US leadership role in HEP will be limited

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Big Issues

Research infrastructure The Energy Sciences Network (ESNet)

upgrade is not funded in the ASCR Target This seriously impacts the ability of U.S.

researchers to analyze LHC data There will be reduced physics payoff with

only limited U.S. participation in LHC discoveries after a $0.6+B investment

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Big Issues

Interagency partnerships SNAP pre-conceptual R&D completes in 2007 No path forward for JDEM w/o interagency plan and

additional resources; DOE and NASA are engaging NSF future HEP priorities (other than LHC) not yet

crystallized; impacts on ILC, dark energy, neutrinos? International partnerships

Premature end of B-factory, Tevatron programs will further degrade US standing (after BTeV, RSVP) as a “good partner” for int’l HEP projects

Increases difficulty of getting foreign contributions for neutrino and dark energy initiatives, ILC R&D,…

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HEP Program Performance

COV PART measures Anything else?

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Top 5 HEP Results in FY2005

1. QCD comes of age Nobel for Gross, Politzer and Wilczek Lattice QCD now a predictive science

2. ILC R&D becomes truly global Formation of Global Design Effort U.S. R&D now centrally managed Reference design published by end of year

3. NuMI starts up: the era of precision neutrino physics begins 4. Run II results confronting the SM

is Higgs really “just around the corner”?5. Babar/Belle results reverting to SM?6. CDMS II data start to rule out light SUSY particles as dark

matter candidates(if we can have 11 extra dimensions we can have 1 extra result)

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HEP FY2005 news “below the fold”

SDSS observes matter oscillations in the early universe

Initial results from (partially completed) Auger on ultra-high energy cosmic rays

MiniBooNE to announce results on possible high-mass neutrinos “any day now.”

Advances in future accelerator concepts First photonic bandgap accelerator structure Beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration exp’t achieves

gradient of 45 GV/meter over 30 cm Laser-driven plasma wakefield achieves similar gradients

over few mm with excellent beam quality

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Why are we funding HEP, anyway?

Basic science Fundamental, curiosity-driven research: “high-risk/high-reward”

No one else is going to fund it if gov’ts don’t Payoffs not predictable but often large (homework: estimate fraction

of GDP that relies on quantum mechanics) Provides answers to questions about how the universe came to be

and how it will evolve that interest everyone. Big science

International visibility and prestige, Nobels Workforce is well-prepared for industry and technical careers

Enabling science HEP accelerator and detector technology enables many other

scientific disciplines (NP, materials science, molecular biology,…), and supports other (non-science) DOE missions

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Pithy Quotes from important folks

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FY07 HEP Strategy

The top future facility priority is ILC This is the most compelling –maybe

revolutionary– science of the next 20 years Validated internally (HEPAP and foreign HEP panel

studies) and externally (NAS study) LHC data will tell us the lay of the land

e.g., “vanilla” SM vs SUSY vs large extra dim vs…? International community is organizing under

GDE and getting ready for a real design Need an R&D profile that allows us to be ready for key

decisions when the time comes. Cannot do it on a falling budget.

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FY07 HEP Strategy

But organizing a multi-$B int’l project is hard, and will take time: witness ITER GDE developing ~5-year R&D plan Need a compelling, world-class HEP program in

the interim before ILC go/no-go decision: Energy frontier (TevatronLHC) Neutrinos Dark energy/dark matter

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Impacts of FY07 HEP Target: “What’s Out”

Operations of SLAC B-factory will be terminated at the beginning of FY 2007 Only costs are for linac maintenance, physics analysis support and

PEP-II D&D. Assumes BES contribution of $40M for linac ops. Detector and accelerator upgrades planned for installation in FY

2006 will be abandoned. Cede to Japan all future B-factory discoveries and the scientific

prestige that follows, after an ~$0.8B investment in construction and operations over a decade

Estimate ~300 FTE RIFs in FY07, some of which will be picked up by the BES program to support LCLS construction and operations.

Total PEP-II luminosity will be ~500 fb-1 (compare to ~900 fb-1 in Over Target)

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Impacts of FY07 HEP Target: Significant Reductions

Research Program Significantly Reduced Overall core research and technology R&D activities in the

HEP program will be reduced by ~$19M in FY 2007 to meet overall budget constraints.

Reductions in these areas will be partially offset (at the ~30-40% level) by ramp-up of new initiatives

Rapid ramp-down of B-factory research and major program realignment will begin.

40 universities, 3 DOE labs (LBNL, LLNL and SLAC) and ~300 foreign researchers currently participate in this program

Estimate an elimination of ~100 university research FTEs and ~70 laboratory research FTEs in FY 2007, not including potential offsets from new initiatives

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Impacts of FY07 HEP Target: “What’s In”

Facility Operations Tevatron Collider and NuMI: Both the Tevatron Collider

and the NuMI beam line will continue to run a technically-limited schedule in FY 2007.

Maintains U.S. leadership in energy frontier research and accelerator-based neutrino physics.

Overall effort reduced due to completion of Run II upgrades and operations-related R&D

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Research LHC: Support final installation, commissioning, and initial

operations of the U.S.-supplied components of the LHC. Facilitate remote participation by U.S. physicists in the start-up

activities of the LHC Support the software and computing infrastructure needed to provide

U.S. scientists rapid and easy access to LHC data. Note that the success of this program relies on ASCR providing an

upgraded ESNet to access enormous LHC datasets. This upgrade is not funded in the ASCR Target.

ILC R&D: Pre-conceptual design of Linear Collider systems. A reference design and preliminary cost is to be competed by the end

of 2006, and this will identify key areas for aggressive R&D to reduce costs and/or improve operational reliability.

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New Initiatives SNAP R&D: Develop new space-based experimental tools to

study the mysterious dark energy Pre-conceptual R&D for the SNAP mission concept will be

completed in FY 2007. The SNAP R&D effort will not continue past FY2007 in the absence

of additional resources in the outyears and an interagency agreement on how to proceed.

Neutrinos: The R&D effort begun in FY2006 to develop new accelerator and detector technologies to enhance future neutrino physics program will continue, including:

Reactor-based experiment to precisely measure nu mixing Dedicated electron neutrino appearance exp’t w/ NuMI beam Neutrinoless double-beta decay exp’t (joint with NP)

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FY07 Over Target

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Impacts of FY07 HEP Over Target: “What’s In”

Facility Operations Full operations of SLAC B-factory will be restored.

Assumes BES contribution of $40M for linac ops. Detector and accelerator upgrades planned for installation in

FY 2006 to provide increased luminosity and cope with higher data rates will proceed as planned.

FY 2007 PEP-II luminosity will be ~150 fb-1. Resolve whether current intriguing discrepancies in physics

results between the SLAC B-factory and the Japanese B-factory are signs of new physics

Estimate ~80 FTE RIFs from SLAC HEP program in FY 2007 due to overall budget constraints, some of which will be picked up by BES to support LCLS construction.

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Research ILC R&D: Expanded R&D and engineering that can

support a 2011 construction start (see details) Accelerated schedule for ILC construction positions the U.S.

to regain world-leadership in HEP research in the next decade.

Restore core research and technology R&D: Overall core research activities in the HEP program will be restored to FY 2005 level-of-effort.

No RIFs in research activities. The physics output of the B-factory and Tevatron Collider

research programs will be maintained.

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Research ESNet Upgrade:

This upgrade is funded in the ASCR Over Target budget but scientific impacts to the HEP program are described here.

This effort will implement a new architecture to serve the networking needs of all of the Office of Science, enabling programs to meet their future scientific goals which rely on data-intensive research.

SC networking requirements are driven by analysis of LHC data in FY07; other programs (nanotech, GTL) in later years.

Enable US researchers to fully analyze LHC data, maximize physics payoff and take a leading role in LHC discoveries

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New Initiatives Dark Energy: Proceed with new experimental tools to

study the mysterious dark energy Joint DOE/NASA space-based mission concept will be

completed in FY 2007; start eng. design in 2009 and fabrication in 2011.

Ground-based dark energy camera begins fab. in 2007 A new ground-based dark energy telescope begins advanced

engineering design in 2007, with a fabrication start in 2009. This is a multipurpose telescope with unique capabilities for

studying dark energy and other phenomena, and would likely be a joint effort with the National Science Foundation (NSF).

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New Initiatives Neutrinos: Neutrino physics experiments begun in the FY 2007

Target will be expanded to provide: Domestic experimental facilities (reactor-based neutrino experiment) Optimized utilization of the NuMI facility, via an accelerated

schedule for the electron neutrino appearance experiment that allows completion of the detector one year earlier.

New MIE project for neutrino physics experiment complementary to and independent of the double beta decay experiment funded by NP.

Super Neutrino Beam: Engineering design on this next-generation neutrino facility would begin in FY 2007, with a construction start in FY 2009.

This facility will allow comprehensive studies of neutrino properties by providing a neutrino beam 10 times more intense than those available with current accelerators.

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Outyear Impacts

To be provided

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HEP Program Details

Accelerator R&D ILC R&D SLAC Ops Fermi Ops Non Accel projects Research highlights

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Accelerator R&D Overview

tbd

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ILC R&D Overview

In FY07, the GDE will deliver the reference design report and preliminary cost estimate for the ILC Based on the “baseline configuration” developed

in FY06 Design philosophy is “conservative” but allows

for modifications that can lower cost and/or increase operational reliability

Top-notch management is in place and we are moving forward with all deliberate speed

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ILC R&D in FY2007 at Target

R&D effort ($35.2M) will be focused on cost-driving elements which are likely to offer the best return-on-investment, including: Accelerating structures

Both improved gradient and manufacturability Cryomodule assembly and testing facility

Understand and streamline assembly process Higher-efficiency power modulators Beam simulations to optimize parameters and ensure high-

luminosity operations Civil construction options

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ILC R&D in FY07 at Over Target

Increased funding ($60M) enables acceleration of R&D schedule and expansion in other areas: Wider effort on improved RF cavities and cryomodule fabrication

Begin industrialization of fabrication in US Development of higher-efficiency RF power sources (klystrons) Expanded R&D on technically challenging ILC subsystems

Damping rings, positron source Detector R&D, focused on long-lead items Detailed site studies

The over target budget will bring US activities on ILC R&D to approximate parity with European and Asian partners: Retain the momentum for US leadership in the ILC program.

Office of Science


Budget Tables and Charts

The usual suspects

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FY 2007 OMB Budget(B/A in Millions)

FY 2006 FY 2007 OverFY 2005 Pres Req Target Target

Proton Accelerator-based Physics Research 78.3$ 75.4$ 68.3$ 84.5$ Facilities 314.2 311.7 305.2 318.2$

Subtotal 392.5$ 387.1$ 373.5$ 402.7$ Electron Accelerator-based Physics

Research 26.3$ 24.8$ 21.6$ 26.4$ Facilities 104.2 108.0 70.4 101.9

Subtotal 130.5$ 132.8$ 92.0$ 128.3$ Non-Accelerator Physics/Research 55.6$ 38.6$ 42.1$ 100.3$ Theoretical Physics/Research 50.0$ 49.1$ 43.4$ 51.6$ Advanced Technology R&D/Research 89.1$ 106.3$ * 119.3$ * 158.1$ Construction/NuM I 0.7$ -$ -$ 10.0$ TOTAL HEP Budget 718.4$ 713.9$ 670.3$ 851.0$

*Includes $18.2M for SBIR/STTR in FY 2006 and $17.0M for SBIR/STTR in FY 2007 Target, $20.0M Over Target.

General Plant Projects 14.6 22.3 21.8 21.8

Accelerator Improvements Projects 6.1 2.4 0.0 0.0

Capital Equipment 63.7 39.8 40.7 106.7

Total, Capital Operating Expenses 84.4 74.5 62.5 128.5

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FY 2007 BudgetMajor Items of Equipment (B/A in Millions)

Total Project Cost (TPC)

Total Estimated

Cost (TEC)

Prior Year Appro-

priations FY 2005 FY 2006 FY 2007Over Target Increment

Over Target Acceptance Date

LHC — Machine 111.5 91.9 87.8 4.1 0 0 0 0 FY 2005

LHC — ATLAS Detector 103.01 55.5 49.2 3.9 1.6 0.6 0 0 FY 2007

LHC — CMS Detector 147.02 71.8 64.1 3.5 2.9 0 0 0 FY 2008

GLAST/LAT 45.03 45.0 33.6 11.4 0 0 0 0 FY 2005

Run IIb D-Zero 10.74 10.7 8.8 1.9 0 0 0 0 FY 2006

VERITAS 7.45 4.8 1.6 2.1 1.1 0 0 0 FY 2006

BaBar (IFR) Upgrade 4.9 4.9 3.0 1.2 0.7 0 0 0 FY 2006

Electron Neutrino Appearance (EvA) Detector 150.0 150.0 0 0 0 10.3 +12.3 22.6 FY 2010

Reactor Neutrino Detector 15.06 15.0 0 0 0 3.0 +7.0 10.0 FY 2010

Ground-based Dark Energy Exp. (DES) 20.0 20.0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1 FY 2009

Ground-based Dark Energy Exp. (LSST) 105.0 105.0 0 0 0 0 +10.0 10.0 FY 2012

Space-based Dark Energy Exp. 280.0 280.0 0 0 0 0 +15.3 15.3 FY 2016

Double Beta Decay Exp. 5.07 5.0 0 0 0 0 +10.0 10.0 FY 2011

Total, Major Items of Equipment 28.1 6.3 15.4 +62.6 78.0

1The total US contribution (TPC) for this project is $163,750,000, including $60,800,000 from NSF.2The total US contribution (TPC) for this project is $167,250,000, including $20,200,000 from NSF.3The total TEC/TPC includes DOE scope only and reflects a rebaselining approved March 2005.4The total TPC for this project is $18,143,000 including $3,068,000 from NSF and $4,356,000 from foreign partners.5The total TPC for this project is $17,534,000 including $7,333,000 from NSF, $2,000,000 from the Smithsonian Institution, and $802,000 from foreign partners.6The Over Target level supports a major role in a domestic experimental facility for a reactor based neutrino experiment, with a preliminary estimated TEC/TPC of $75,000,0007At the Target, HEP and NP jointly support an initiative in neutrino-less double beta decay physics starting in FY 2008 with a combined preliminary estimated TEC/TPC of $63,000,000; the HEP TEC contribution is $5,000,000. At the Over Target, HEP pursues an independent competitive alternative technology double beta decay project starting in FY 2007 with a preliminary estimated TEC/TPC of $75,000,000.

Office of Science


High Energy PhysicsOutyear Funding Profile (B/A in Millions)

FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2011

TARGET 670.3 668.0 653.3 637.1 665.5 Facility Ops 303.3 293.4 226.9 206.4 202.9

ILC 35.2 30.0 40.0 45.0 25.0 New Initiatives 17.9 29.9 68.2 56.5 47.1

LHC 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 Research 199.9 198.8 198.6 198.0 198.7

Advanced Tech R&D 54.0 53.4 53.3 53.2 53.4 Construction - 2.6 6.3 18.0 78.5

OVER TARGET 851.0 984.2 1,054.1 1,185.8 1,283.4 Facility Ops 335.4 322.9 270.9 225.9 205.9

ILC 60.0 90.0 90.0 50.0 - New Initiatives 80.5 112.5 180.0 191.9 150.0

LHC 60.0 60.0 62.4 64.9 67.5 Research 242.6 254.1 255.3 295.1 284.6

Advanced Tech R&D 62.5 67.5 67.8 78.0 75.4 Construction 10.0 77.2 127.7 280.0 500.0

Note: New Initiative category covers R&D’s specific for Neutrino and Dark Energy facilities

Office of Science


High Energy PhysicsOutyear Funding Profile

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2011

($M

)

Construction

Advanced TechR&DResearch

LHC

New Initiatives

ILC

Facility Ops

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2011

($M

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Target Profile Over Target Profile

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FY 2007 OMB Budget

Funding by Science(reference HEP budget: Funding Profile; pg1)

Theory

Adv. Tech

Proton PhysicsElectron

Physics

Non-Accel Physics

Funding by Site(re ference SC Overv iew funding by site )

Fermi

SLAC

Smaller Labs

Other*

Universities*HQ undesignated university and lab reserves as well as S BIR/S TTR

Funding by Type(reference HEP budget: HEP pie chart; pg14)

OtherInfrastructure

Facility Operations

Laboratory Research

Universities

Documents

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy FY07 OMB Briefing Draft v1.0