Oceania- Islands of the Oceania- Islands of the PacificPacific

Chapter 14 Chapter 14

Section 3Section 3

Geographic RegionsGeographic Regions

Ocean is made up of over 10,000 islandsOcean is made up of over 10,000 islandsThree Regions – Melanesia, Micronesia, and Three Regions – Melanesia, Micronesia, and PolynesiaPolynesiaMelanesiaMelanesia – Greek for “ black islands”, home of – Greek for “ black islands”, home of New Guinea and Fiji which are the most New Guinea and Fiji which are the most populous islandspopulous islandsMicronesiaMicronesia – means “tiny islands,” the home of – means “tiny islands,” the home of Guam and obviously derives its name from the Guam and obviously derives its name from the size of the islands in the regionsize of the islands in the regionPolynesiaPolynesia – mean “ many islands”, home of – mean “ many islands”, home of Hawaii, New Zealand, Easter Island, and TahitiHawaii, New Zealand, Easter Island, and Tahiti

LandformsLandformsTwo types of Islands – High and Two types of Islands – High and Low IslandsLow Islands

High islands are made from High islands are made from volcanoes and experience more volcanoes and experience more rainfall and have fertile soilrainfall and have fertile soil

Low islands lie above coral reefs Low islands lie above coral reefs and reside mainly in Micronesia, and reside mainly in Micronesia, due to their infertile soil people due to their infertile soil people mainly fishmainly fish

Major volcanic islands – New Major volcanic islands – New Guinea, Fiji, Samoa, and Hawaii Guinea, Fiji, Samoa, and Hawaii

Climate and ResourcesClimate and ResourcesTropical and rainfall varies across the Tropical and rainfall varies across the regionregion

CopraCopra – Coconut meat is a major export – Coconut meat is a major export

Sugar, bananas, and pineapples are Sugar, bananas, and pineapples are usually grownusually grown

Sometimes the islands suffer from Sometimes the islands suffer from typhoons and tropical stormstyphoons and tropical storms

Differing TraditionsDiffering Traditions

A complex region with different culture, religion, A complex region with different culture, religion, and languageand languageTheravada Buddhism, Mahayana Buddhism, Theravada Buddhism, Mahayana Buddhism, Islam, Hindu, Roman Catholic, Protestantism, Islam, Hindu, Roman Catholic, Protestantism, and Animismand AnimismAnimism – the worship of spirits in nature, Animism – the worship of spirits in nature, especially in Bali where they worship a volcano especially in Bali where they worship a volcano considered the cradle of lifeconsidered the cradle of lifeEuropean Imperialism caused forced migration European Imperialism caused forced migration and labor plantations – exporting copra, coconut and labor plantations – exporting copra, coconut oil, and sandalwoodoil, and sandalwood

Regional and Global ConcernsRegional and Global Concerns

Nuclear testingNuclear testingGlobal warmingGlobal warmingDepletion of resourcesDepletion of resourcesRavaged by World War II between America and Ravaged by World War II between America and JapanJapanMining has led to depletion of resourcesMining has led to depletion of resourcesSouth Pacific Forum – 16-nation association for South Pacific Forum – 16-nation association for the protection of Oceaniathe protection of OceaniaOpposes nuclear tests and the use of Japanese/ Opposes nuclear tests and the use of Japanese/ Korean fishing nets in the environmentKorean fishing nets in the environment

HWHW

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