OCEANIA!

What, or where is it even at?

Wait…

OCEANIA

Oceania is a region centered on the islands of the tropical Pacific Ocean. The region can range from its three sub-regions of Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia to the entire region between Asia and the Americas, including Australasia and the Malay Archipelago.

Between 2 and 30 countries exist in

Oceania depending on which source

you use!

OCEANIAMalaysia

The Philippines

Indonesia

New Zealand

Brunei

SingaporePapua New

Guinea

Australia

Oceania’s Elite Four

AUSTRALIA!

AUSTRALIAN POLITICS

• Official title: ‘The Commonwealth of Australia’

• Government type: Federal parliamentary democracy,

• Commonwealth realm (16 member alliance of former British colonies who share Queen Elizabeth II as their constitutional monarch)

• Capital: Canberra

• Legal system based on the English model

• Suffrage is universal and compulsory for all youth age 18 and older

• Women are allowed to serve in all positions of the government and military that men are, as long as they can pass the same exam.

AUSTRALIAN ECONOMY

• GDP of about $1.1 Trillion (2014 est.)

• Currency: Australian Dollar

• Major trade partners: China, US, Japan, Singapore, Germany, South Korea, and Thailand

• Exchange rate to US Dollar: 1.098 to 1.

• Australia’s economy is very stable, meaning it’s a safe place to invest money

• Continuous growth for almost 50 years now

• Very low unemployment (6%), coupled with low public debt, and low inflation

• Major Industries: Mining, Industrial and Transportation equipment manufacturing, food processing, chemicals, steel, and farming.

• Member of G20

AUSTRALIAN GEOGRAPHY

• Australia is a continent located between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean.

• Geographic coordinates: 27 00 S, 133 00 E

• Natural Resources: Some fertile farmlands, coal, iron ore, gold, aluminum, bauxite, copper, tin, uranium, nickel, tungsten, mineral sands, natural gas and oil

• Climate: generally arid to semiarid; temperate in the south and east; tropical in the north

• Terrain: Mostly low plateau with deserts; fertile plain in southeast

• Natural hazards: cyclones along the coast; severe droughts, forest fires, volcanic activity on Heard and McDonald islands

• Slightly smaller than the ‘US Lower 48’ at 2,988,902 sq. miles --------------

AUSTRALIAN SOCIAL• Population: 22,507,617 (as of July 2014)

• Population density of 1.08 inhabitants per square mile

• Population Growth Rate: 1.09%

• 26.8% Obesity Rate

• Gender ratio: 1.01 males/female

• Music Preferences: very similar to here in the US and in the UK

• Legal Drinking Age: 21

• Virtually the entire country has cell phone service.

• Common hobbies include: Surfing, soccer, swimming, tennis, running, basketball, cycling, eating, reading, etc.

AUSTRALIAN SCIENCE

• Education is mandatory in Australia from ages 5-16.

• The average literacy rate is 99%, however in Tasmania that drops to about 50%

• 37 government-funded universities and 2 private universities

• Due to modern medicine and hospital practices, Australia has the fourth highest life expectancy in the world. The state runs all hospitals in the country.

• Government spends 10% of its budget on medical research and health care.

Now in your notebook, answer the following question

How dense is the population of Australia? (per square mile)

How does Australia’s pop. density compare to the population density of Tillamook County?

(Tillamook County’s pop. Density is: 22 people per square mile)

Turn to a partner, and discuss the following:

NEW ZEALAND!

(Maori Warriors)

NEW ZEALAND POLITICS

• Official title: New Zealand

• Government type: Parliamentary democracy, and a Commonwealth realm

• Capital: Wellington

• Legal system based on the English model, with special legislation and courts for the Maori people

• Suffrage is universal for all youth age 18 and older

NEW ZEALAND ECONOMY

• GDP of about $136 billion (2014 est.)

• Currency: New Zealand Dollar

• Major trade partners: Australia, China, US, Japan, Singapore, and Germany

• Exchange rate to US Dollar: 1.247 to 1.

• New Zealand’s economy is stronger today than its ever been, despite having just pulled out of a major recession.

• Continuous growth for almost 22 years now

• Very low unemployment (6.4%), coupled with average public debt, and moderate inflation

• Major Industries: Food processing, wood and paper products, textiles, machinery, transportation equipment, banking, insurance, tourism, and mining.

• New Zealand has several wealthy individuals, they also have many poor people

NEW ZEALAND GEOGRAPHY

• New Zealand is comprised of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia

• Geographic coordinates: 41 00 S, 174 00 E

• Natural Resources: Natural gas, iron ore, coal, timber, hydropower, gold, limestone, fishing, and some farming.

• Climate: temperate with sharp regional contrasts due to the mountainous terrain

• Terrain: Mostly mountainous with some large coastal plains

• Natural hazards: earthquakes are common, but normally not severe, volcanic activity.

• New Zealand’s capital of Wellington is the southernmost national capital in the world.

• About the size of Colorado at 103,363 sq. miles ----------------

NEW ZEALAND SOCIAL

• Population: 4,401,916 (as of July 2014)

• Ethnic groups: European=71%, Maori=14%, Asian=11%, etc.

• Population density of 6.56 inhabitants per square mile

• Population Growth Rate: 0.85%

• 26.5% Obesity Rate

• Gender ratio: 0.99 males/female

• Music Preferences: very similar to here in the US and in the UK

• Legal Drinking Age: 18

• Cell service is limited in parts of the country, but there is access everywhere.

• Common hobbies include: Rugby, cricket, surfing, soccer, swimming, rock-climbing, running, basketball, cycling, eating, reading, etc.

NEW ZEALAND SCIENCE

• Education is mandatory in New Zealand from ages 6-16.

• Literacy rate is 99%, even among the Maori tribes.

• New Zealand has 8 partially government-funded universities

• New Zealand has the sixteenth highest life expectancy in the world. The state runs most of the hospitals in the country.

• Government spends $10 billion dollars on health, education, and science.

• New Zealand is ranked 7th best in the world at science and reading, and 13th in Math.

How many New Zealand Dollars will 10 US dollars get me if I exchange them?

(Think E. factors)

$12.47

INDONESIA!

INDONESIAN POLITICS

• Official title: Republic of Indonesia

• Government type: Republic

• Capital: Jakarta

• Legal system based on the Roman-Dutch model, and is influenced by customary law.

• Suffrage is universal for all youth age 17 and older, as well as married persons regardless of age.

INDONESIAN ECONOMY• Member of G20

• GDP of about $856.1 Billion (2014 est.)

• Currency: Indonesian Rupiah

• Major trade partners: China, Singapore, Japan, Malaysia, South Korea, Thailand, US, and India.

• Exchange rate to US Dollar: 11,840 to 1.

• Wealth gap divide is pretty bad, but starting to get better.

• Very low unemployment (5.7%), coupled with moderate to low public debt, and significant inflation

• Major Industries: Oil and natural gas, textiles, automotive, electrical appliances, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, medical instruments, handicrafts, fertilizers, plywood, rubber, coffee, processed food, jewelry, and tourism.

• Indonesia has many wealthy individuals, they also has 11% of its people living well below the poverty line

INDONESIA GEOGRAPHY• Indonesia is located in Southeastern Asia, the country is an archipelago

between the Pacific and Indian Oceans

• Geographic coordinates: 5 00 S, 120 00 E

• Natural Resources: Oil, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, very fertile soils, coal, gold, silver

• Climate: Tropical, hot, humid, more moderate in the highlands of the bigger islands

• Terrain: Mostly coastal lowlands, larger islands have interior mountains

• Natural hazards: occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes (host to the most volcanoes in the world) , forest fires, etc.

• Slightly less than three times the size of Texas at 741,100.2 sq. miles

(land area)

INDONESIAN SOCIAL

• Population: 253,609,643 (as of July 2014)

• Population density of 51.96 inhabitants per square kilometer

• Population Growth Rate: 1.29%

• Obesity Rate= 4.8%

• Major Religions: Islam, 87%, Christian 9%, other 4%

• Gender ratio: 1.00 males/female

• Music Preferences: Traditional, modern, heavy Dutch and Chinese influence on tastes.

• Legal Drinking Age: 18

• Cell service is limited in many parts of the country, but there is good access in and around the cities

• Common hobbies include: Gambling, rugby, cricket, surfing, soccer, swimming, rock-climbing, running, basketball, cycling, eating, reading, etc.

INDONESIA SCIENCE

• Education is mandatory in Indonesia 6 days a week from 7am to 3pm, for all children age 6-11; yet is still one of the worst in the world.

• The average literacy rate is 95.6% for men, 89.6% for females

• Indonesia has over 200 government-funded universities, however less than half of those are internationally competitive.

• Due to modern medicine and hospital practices in the cities, Indonesia has the 113th highest life expectancy in the world…. The state runs many of the hospitals in the cities, but with half of the population living in rural areas, many don’t have access to these hospitals

• Government spends the least amount of money on education in the world (based on population to GDP ratio)

Q: What percentage of Indonesia’s people are living below the poverty line?

A: 11%...

PAPUA NEW GUINEA!

PAPUA NEW GUINEAN POLITICS

• Official title: Independent State of Papua New Guinea

• Government type: Constitutional parliamentary democracy, and a Commonwealth realm

• Capital: Port Moresby

• Legal system based on the English model, with a great mixture of tribal and local influences

• Suffrage is universal for all youth age 18 and older

• Tribal life is protected by their constitution, as well as the practice of cannibalism…

However, Murder is punishable by death… hmm

PAPUA NEW GUINEA ECONOMY

• GDP of about $16.21 billion (2014 est.)

• Currency: the Kina

• Exchange rate to US Dollar: 2.435 to 1.

• Major trade partners: Australia, Japan, China, Singapore, and US

• Wealth gap divide is pretty bad, but getting better.

• Super low unemployment (1.9%), coupled with moderate to moderate public debt, and low inflation and massive amounts of foreign investment.

• Major Industries: Mining, Oil and natural gas products, construction, tourism, palm oil processing, plantation farming, subsistence farming, fishing.

• Papua New Guinea has a growing number of wealthy individuals, but they also have 37% of their people living well below the poverty line

PAPUA NEW GUINEAN GEOGRAPHY

• Papua New Guinea is located in Oceania, the country is a group of islands including the eastern half of New Guinea between the Coral Sea and the South Pacific Ocean, east of Indonesia.

• Geographic coordinates: 6 00 S, 147 00 E

• Natural Resources: Oil, Natural gas, coffee, cocoa, tea, sugar, rubber, fruit, vanilla, and pork.

• Climate: Tropical, monsoon weather half the year, with very little seasonal temperature changes

• Terrain: Mostly mountainous terrain, with coastal lowlands and rolling foothills.

• Natural hazards: Active volcanoes, situated along the ‘Ring of Fire’, earthquakes, mud slides, tsunamis, and CANNIBALS.

• A little larger than California at 178703 sq. miles

PAPUA NEW GUINEAN SOCIAL

• Population: 6,552,730 (as of July 2014)

• Population density of 5.85 inhabitants per square mile

• Population Growth Rate: 2.24%

• Obesity Rate= 14.2% in 2014 (16. 8% in 2013) (18.6% in 2012)

• Gender ratio: 1.05 males/female

• Music Preferences: Traditional, pop, reggae, UK and Australian influence.

• Legal Drinking Age: 21

• Cell service is limited in many parts of the country, but there is access

• Common hobbies include: Rugby, cricket, volleyball, softball, basketball, surfing, soccer, swimming, rock-climbing, running, basketball, cycling, eating, reading, etc.

PAPUA NEW GUINEAN SCIENCE

• Education is NOT mandatory in Papua New Guinea

• The average literacy rate is 62.3%

• Papua New Guinea has 6 partially government-funded universities

• Papua New Guinea has the 120th highest life expectancy in the world…. Private individuals and Red Cross run most of the hospitals in the cities, but with 60% of the population living in rural areas, many don’t have access to these hospitals.

• Government spends extremely little on education, with much of the education budget coming from charities and foreign sources.

Question: What do Papua New Guinea, New Zealand, and Australia all have in common

with Britain? (Think P. factors)

Now turn to a partner, answer the following question, and be prepared to answer

Answer: They are all Commonwealth Realms

SOURCES USED• https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/as.html

• http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/new_zealand/new_zealand_government.html

• https://images.google.com/

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-14921238

• http://www.infoplease.com/country/indonesia.html

• http://www.indonesia.travel/

• http://www.australia.com/en-us

• http://www.australia.gov.au/

• http://www.lonelyplanet.com/australia

• http://www.newzealand.com/us/

• http://www.lonelyplanet.com/new-zealand

• https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pp.html

• http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&ved=0CDIQFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.papuanewguinea.travel%2F&ei=nuAzVYPnO9fToASKroE4&usg=AFQjCNH1TRZUgyEHKHOcOBk4mm3kbSKaqQ

• http://www.lonelyplanet.com/papua-new-guinea

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-15436981