OB Presentation - Perception

8/11/2019 OB Presentation - Perception

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PERCEPTION &

attribution

DEFINITION AND FACTORS INFLUENCING

PERCEPTION

Rashi Tyagi - 169Akshay Rana 152Abhinav Jha 155


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Definition of perception

Perception is a process by whichindividuals organize and interpret theirsensory impressions in order to give

meaning to their environment.

However, what we perceive can besubstantially different from objective reality.


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Meaning of Perception

Perception may be defined as the process by which

an individual selects, organizes and interpret

stimuli into a meaningful and coherent picture ofthe environment in which he/she lives.

The process by which people notice and make

sense of information from the environment.


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Chapter-5 4


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Chapter-5 6


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Factors that

influence

perception

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Factors in the perceiver

These are our attitudes, our experiencesand motives to perceive situations ortargets as we do.

These are shaped from when we are bornand continually change as we grow older.


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Attitude:

Evaluative statements or judgments concerningobjects, people or value. They reflect how we feelabout something.


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MOTIVES:

It reflects stimuli that cause to perform particularaction. It states goals, purpose perceived byperceiver from event, situation etc.


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INTEREST:

State the force an attitude has towardsmanifestation in a personsbehavior.

The focus of our attention appears to be influencedby our interests.

Because our individual interests differ

considerably, what one person notices in asituation can differ from what others perceive.


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EXPERIENCE:

Experience and knowledge serve as basis forperception. While ones successful experienceenhance his/her perceptive ability, failure erodeshis/her self confidence.

Successful experience also helps perceiverunderstand stimuli with more accuracy.


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EXPECTATIONS:

State the anticipation of a particular behavior froma person .

Affects what a person perceives.


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Factors in the situation

When we look at the situation, we are looking atthe characteristics of the situation's setting.

Is the setting for the situation a social one, or is it

work related? Is it early in the day, mid-morningor late evening?

All of these settings for the situation will impact

our perception.


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TIME:

Time perception is a construction of the brain thatcan also be manipulated and studied through avariety of experiments.

What are the factors that affect your perception ofhow time passes?

Level of fatigue

Level of Concentration Depression & Happiness


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Work setting:

The structural characteristics of the place doessometimes indicate the characteristics of the personoccupying it.

The place people work in, for example, their cabinsor the locations where they deal with people havethe tendency to either form of alter onesperceptionabout that person.


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Social SETTING:

Social perception is that part of perception thatallows people to understand the other people intheir social world.

Social perceptions can obviously be flawed - evenskilled observers can misperceive, misjudge, andreach the wrong conclusions.

Once we form wrong impressions, they are likelyto persist.


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Factors in the target

As it relates to the target, we are taking intoaccount size, shape, speed, motion, similarity andany other visual or physical aspect of the target.

We have perceptions of what more targets shouldlook, feel or act like, and when they don't, they goagainst our already developed perceptions.


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NOVELTY:

Novel or something unique or a peculiar idea islikely to attract anyonesattention.


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MOTION:

People gives more attention to moving objects thanthe stationery objects.

Example:

Moving object Stationery object


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SOUNDS:

Sound level or noise level is a physical quantitymeasured with measuring instruments.Loudness is a psycho-physical sensation perceived

by the human ear/brain mechanism. It is not thesame.

Furthermore, for speech, music, and many othersounds, the physical characteristics of the soundproduce hearing sensations in the listener.


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SIZE:

Larger object is more likely to be noticed than asmaller object.

Example:

Which you can read fast?

IM FEELING HUNGRY!

Im Feeling Hungry!


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Background:

We make perceptions on the basis of his/herbackground.

Perceptions regarding background may be basedon:

Educational background

Regional background

Social background


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PROXIMITY:

The proximity factor states that a group of stimuli

that are close together will be perceived as a whole of

parts.


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SIMILARITY:

How items that are similar in some way tend to begrouped together.

For example, similarities and differences in culturalperceptions of the environment.


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Managerial Implications

Interpersonal WorkingRelationship

Selection of Employees

Performance Appraisal


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REFERENCES:-

Organization Behaviour Stephen P. Robbins,Timothy A. Judge, Seema Sanghi.

Organizational Behaviour L.M. Prasad.

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THANK YOU

Documents

OB Presentation - Perception