ecology and environment, inc.International Specialists in the Environment

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Page

1 INTRODUCTION .......................................... 1-1

2 MEETING SUMMARY ....................................... 2-12.1 SPEAKERS PRESENT ................................. 2-12 . 2 TOPICS ADDRESSED ................................. 2-1

2.2.1 Overview/Explanation ...................... 2-12.2.2 Site History/Sampling Summary ............. 2-32.2.3 Health Assessment ......................... 2-42.2.4 Relocation ................................ 2-52.2.5 Enforcement ............................... 2-6

2.3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ............................ 2-72.4 MEDIA AND PUBLIC OFFICIALS PRESENT ............... 2-7

Appendix

A PRELIMINARY HEALTH ASSESSMENT FOR FOREST GLEN MOBILEHOME PARK, DATED JULY 21, 1989, PREPARED BY ATSDR ..... A-l

B LETTER TO FOREST GLEN RESIDENTS FROM THE EPA, DATEDJULY 25, 1989 ......................................... B-l

C FEMA FACT SHEET REGARDING TEMPORARY RELOCATIONASSISTANCE, DATED JULY 25, 1989 ....................... C-l

D SIGN-IN SHEET FROM FOREST GLEN SUBDIVISION PUBLIC OINFORMATION MEETING, JULY 26, 1989 .................... D-l r

E AGENDA FROM FOREST GLEN SUBDIVISION PUBLIC °INFORMATION MEETING, JULY 26, 1989 .................... E-l

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Table of Contents (Cont.)

Appendix Page

F LIST OF QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ......................... F-l

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1. INTRODUCTION

A public meeting regarding the Forest Glen subdivision vas held atthe Niagara County Fire Company II, 6010 Lockport Road, Niagara Falls,New York, on July 26, 1989. The purpose of this meeting vas to explainthe Preliminary Health Assessment (See Appendix A) prepared by theAgency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and to provideinformation on temporary relocation of residents. Eighty-sevenindividuals signed the attendance sheet (See Appendix D), although it isestimated that approximately 120 persons attended the meeting.

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2. MEETING SUMMARY

2.1 SPEAKERS PRESENTMr. Mike Basile, of the United States Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA) Niagara Falls Public Information Office, opened the meetingby introducing the members of the panel to address the public meeting.The members of the panel included:

o Mr. Joe Rotola, Forest Glen Project Manager, EPA Emergencyand Remedial Response Division, Region II, Edison,New Jersey;

o Mr. Richard Salkie, Associate Director for Removal Pro-grams, EPA, Region II, Edison, New Jersey;

o Mr. William Nelson, ATSDR;

o Mr. Gerald Connolly, Chief, Disaster Assistance ProgramDivision, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA);

o Ms. Karen Forbes, FEMA; and

o Mr. David Payne, Office of Regional Counsel, EPA, RegionII, New York, New York

2.2 TOPICS ADDRESSED2.2.1 Overviev/Explanation

Mr. Richard Salkie provided an explanation and overview of EPA'splan of activities for the Forest Glen site. Mr. Salkie stated that EPAwould like to make Forest Glen a national model of how the Superfund

CDprocess can work. ^

He stated that EPA had learned much from the residents in the past oofew days and that one of the lessons learned was to not reveal informa- M

tion to the press before the residents are informed. With this in mind, M

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all interviews prior to the meeting were declined, and everyone presentwas hearing the information for the first time.

Mr. Salkie commended the residents in doing a good job of bringingthe Forest Glen situation to everyone's attention. He noted that thesite has received national attention.

Mr. Salkie indicated that Forest Glen is the top priority of actingEPA Regional Administrator Bill Musinski and that EPA is committed toplacing the Forest Glen site on the National Priority List (NPL) withinthe next two months (as compared to the average 6- to 12-month timeframe). Although temporary relocation for Forest Glen residents can andwill proceed, permanent relocation cannot be authorized until the siteis on the NPL. EPA will be working with FEMA to address permanent relo-cation options. He stated that the agencies want to work with ForestGlen residents to determine the best alternative—whether it be reloca-tion of the entire trailer park as a unit, moving individual trailers,or a buy-out.

In response to the question of what the residents can expect in theinterim (before the site is listed on the NPL), Mr. Salkie stated that asignificant health threat exists at Forest Glen, and it is dangerous tolive there. A continuous exposure to the chemicals present at ForestGlen poses a threat to the health of the residents who live there.

The EPA is offering temporary relocation, and he urged the resi-dents to take advantage of that option. The decision to be temporarilyrelocated will have no impact on any permanent relocation options whichmay be available later. He also stated that permanent relocation wouldbe the first step of any process that EPA would use to clean up thesite.

Mr. Salkie also discussed the interim measures that are beingimplemented by EPA to minimize the exposure of Forest Glen residents tothe hazardous chemicals. These interim measures include the covering ofexisting "hot spots" with concrete and the provision of day-care facili-ties for children to eliminate the potential chemical exposure of their *o

t*playing in these areas.

The EPA is committed to working with residents to resolve the prob- olems at Forest Glen and is continuing its efforts to investigate and

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identify those parties who are responsible for the contamination. EPA

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is pursuing these responsible parties so that they can be held liablefor cleanup and relocation costs. Mr. Salkie indicated that manyadvancements in the investigation have been made in the fev days pre-ceding this meeting, and he urged those individuals vho may have infor-mation concerning potentially responsible parties to come forward.

In conclusion, Mr. Salkie stressed that once the site is on theNPL, permanent relocation of all residents will be pursued, and EPA willcontinue to pursue those industries which are responsible for thecontamination.

2.2.2 Site History/Sampling SummaryMr. Joe Rotola provided a summary of the history of the site using

aerial photographs to depict the development of the site.

o 1942 - The site was primarily agricultural, and the area isundisturbed;

o 1963 - Some land clearing has occurred, Gill Creek isrerouted to its existing path, and Edgewood Drive has beeninstalled;

o 1966 - More activity is evident, and most of the area iscleared;

o 1968 - There is visible land disposal;

o 1972 - The area is approximately 70 percent developed, dis-posal is continuing, and some changes in drainage areevident; and

o 1982 - The subdivision is completely developed.

In 1987, EPA took four samples in the northern area of the sub-division. Analysis of the samples indicated high levels of TentativelyIdentified Compounds (TIC). Further EPA sampling in September 1988identified two hot spots at sample locations S36V and S34V. Thissampling data was provided to ATSDR to perform a health assessment.While ATSDR was conducting the health assessment, EPA took additional o

fsamples in May 1989 to determine the extent of contamination in thesouthern and eastern portions of the trailer park. The analysis of the oi-jsamples taken in 1987 and 1988 indicated two areas of concern: the

jnorthern portion of the subdivision, where aniline, benzothiazole, and -j

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phenothiazine vere identified, and a small area south of Edgevood Drive,where polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and metals vere identified.

Mr. Salkie noted that there has been concern voiced about vhy ittook EPA two years to determine that a health threat existed at ForestGlen. He stated that the EPA is having difficulty in identifying thechemicals because they are not chemicals which are normally found at aSuperfund site. The analysis of samples has indicated the presence ofhigh concentrations of chemicals that are not included on the PriorityPollutant List. Early analysis also had suggested that n-nitrosodiphen-ylamine, a known carcinogen that is difficult to identify, might bepresent. Further analysis has shown that this compound is not present.EPA is now comparing the list of identified compounds to the disposalpractices of area industries to help confirm responsible parties.

2.2.3 Health AssessmentMr. Bill Nelson explained that, although under the jurisdiction of

the U.S. Public Health Service, ATSDR does work closely with EPA todetermine the health-related impacts of hazardous waste sites.

With respect to Forest Glen, ATSDR initially identified the site asa potential health threat due to the presence of high levels of TICs andthe suspected presence of n-nitrosodiphenylamine. After further analy-sis, between five and six carcinogenic chemicals were positivelyidentified. Even though a large number of compounds still need to beidentified, the presence of these carcinogenic compounds caused ATSDR toupgrade the classification of the site to a significant health risk.

Based on the results of the health assessment released by ATSDR, onJuly 21, 1989, ATSDR recommended to the EPA that action be taken for theimmediate temporary relocation of Forest Glen residents. ATSDR is inthe process of preparing a health advisory which will be made availableto EPA shortly. Once EPA receives the health advisory, the site canthen be listed on the NPL and permanent relocation will be recommended.

Mr. Nelson indicated that all the chemicals identified at theForest Glen site, as well as their associated health threats, are iden-tified in AT SDK's Health Assessment (See Appendix A). Mr. Nelson con-eluded his presentation by introducing Dr. James Melius of the New YorkState Department of Health (NYSDOH).

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Dr. James Melius stated that NTSDOH conducted a door-to-door expo-sure survey of Forest Glen residents, and the results have been dis-tributed to the residents. Dr. Melius also mentioned that NYSDOH hastalked to most of the residents of Forest Glen regarding the healthimpacts of these chemicals and hov residents may be coming into contactvith them.

Dr. Melius stated that NYSDOH vill be working vith ATSDR to developa program to provide comprehensive medical examinations for all resi-dents of Forest Glen. In an effort to determine the scope of thisprogram, NYSDOH vill be contacting all residents in order to collectinformation on medical problems experienced so that all appropriatemeasures can be addressed.

In response to public concern regarding potential lead exposure ofchildren at Forest Glen, the Niagara County Health Department has pro-vided some lead screening for children. Dr. Melius announced thatNYSDOH has agreed to provide assistance to the Niagara County HealthDepartment to provide lead screening for all children who reside in theForest Glen subdivision. This program vill be available vithin the nextveek.

Dr. Melius concluded by stating that if any residents have ques-tions regarding health concerns, they may call NYSDOH toll free at1-800-458-1158.

2.2.4 RelocationMr. Gerry Connolly explained the temporary relocation program as

administered by FEMA. This voluntary program provides moving expenses,rent payments for temporary housing, utility subsidies, and kennelingcosts if necessary. Mr. Connolly emphasized that residents do not haveto make an immediate decision about relocating and that FEMA representa-tives vill be available to answer questions. In addition, all residentsof Forest Glen vill be contacted by a FEMA representative to discusstheir options.

Ms. Karen Forbes explained FEMA's permanent relocation program ^IT1

offered under the Superfund legislation. Permanent relocation is car-ried out in tvo phases: property acquisition and relocation assistance. o

MDuring the property acquisition phase, each property is appraised for

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its fair market value. Based upon the fair market value (determined asif the property were not contaminated), an offer will be made to eachproperty owner. When an agreement is reached regarding the value of theproperty, the owner will be paid. Under the relocation assistancephase, eligible individuals will receive the following: a one-time pay-ment to compensate for the costs of finding a replacement dwelling; apayment to offset an increased mortgage payment; payment for reasonablecosts associated with the purchase of a new dwelling unit (e.g., closingcosts); payment for moving expenses; and rental assistance if needed.FEMA will also provide assistance in finding a suitable dwelling andfilling out necessary forms.

2.2.5 EnforcementHr. David Payne discussed the enforcement aspect of EPA's Forest

Glen investigation. Much effort has been directed at identifying who isresponsible for dumping hazardous wastes at the site, what substanceswere dumped, and when. Once this information is established, the respon-sible party or parties will be held responsible for paying for thecleanup.

Hr. Payne stated that progress has been made by studying the typesof chemicals present but that work is difficult due to their variety andcomplexity. Once the chemicals are identified, EPA officials may beable to trace their origins.

Based upon preliminary test results and information gathered byEPA's ongoing investigation, Mr. Payne stated that it appears thatKozdranski Trucking Company is responsible for dumping hazardous wastesat the Forest Glen site. Although Kozdranski Trucking Company is nolonger in existence, EPA officials have completed a survey of chemicalcompanies and other hazardous waste producers which may have usedKozdranski Trucking Company to dispose of their waste. Based upon thissurvey, Mr. Payne stated that Hooker Chemical Corporation (now Occi-dental Chemical Corporation), Goodyear Tire Corporation, Carborundum

"3Corporation, International Paper Corporation, and Union Carbide Corpora- (3tion, among others, may have used Kozdranski Trucking Company. In order oto determine liability, EPA is in the process of meeting with each of 2these companies to determine what chemicals or compounds may have beendisposed of.

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In conclusion, Mr. Payne encouraged anyone with information con-cerning this investigation to contact either the EPA Public InformationOffice in Niagara Falls (285-8840) or the EPA Office of Regional Counselin New York City at 1-212-264-9898.

2.3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSIssues raised in the question and answer session related to the

relocation provisions offered by FEHA, the desire to have permanentrelocation, and the concerns of residents in neighborhoods locatedadjacent to Forest Glen as to how the temporary relocation would affectthem. Questions were answered by Joe Rotola, Richard Salkie, BillNelson, Gerald Connolly, Karen Forbes, and David Payne. A synopsis ofthe question and answer session is contained in Appendix F.

2.4 MEDIA AND PUBLIC OFFICIALS PRESENTThe meeting received extensive media coverage, with television

crews present from the three local stations: TV-2 (WGRZ), TV-4 (WTVB),and TV-7 (VKBV). In addition, a number of radio stations attended fromNiagara Falls, Buffalo, and Canada and taped the meeting proceedings.

Reporters from the Buffalo News, the Niagara Gazette, and the MetroCommunity News provided coverage of the meeting.

Public officials in attendance included:

o Michael O'Laughlin, Mayor of the City of Niagara Falls;

o David Brooks, Environmental Planner, City of Niagara Falls;

o Frank Soda, Councilman for the City of Niagara Falls;»

o Al Rottaris, representing Senator Daly;

o Dave Kersten, representing Congressman LaFalce;

o Karen Lyons, representing Senator Moynihan; and

o Jim Lodico, representing Assemblyman Pillittere.

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APPENDIX A

PRELININART HEALTH ASSESSMENTFOR FOREST GLEN MOBILE HOME PARK,

DATED JULY 21, 1989, PREPARED BT ATSDR

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FOREST GLEN MOBILE HOME PARK

NIAGARA FALLS, NIAGARA COUNTY, NEW YORK

JULY 21, 1989

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease RegistryU.S. Public Health Service

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THE ATSDR HEALTH ASSESSMENT: A NOTE OF EXPLANATION

Section 104(i)(7)(A) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response,Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), as amended, states"...the term 'health assessment' shall include preliminary assessments ofpotential risks to human health posed by individual sites and facilities,based on such factors as the nature and extent of contamination, theexistence of potential pathways of human exposure (including ground orsurface vater contamination, air emissions, and food chain contamination),the size and potential susceptibility of the community vithin the likelypathways of exposure, the comparison of expected human exposure levels tothe short-term and long-term health effects associated with identifiedhazardous substances and any available recommended exposure or tolerancelimits for such hazardous substances, and the comparison of existingmorbidity and mortality data on diseases that may be associated with theobserved levels of exposure. The Administrator of ATSDR shall useappropriate data, risk assessments, risk evaluations and studies availablefrom the Administrator of EPA."

In accordance with the CERCLA section cited, ATSDR has conducted thispreliminary health assessment on the data in the site summary form.Additional health assessments may Ve conducted for this site as moreinformation becomes available to ATSDR.

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SUMMARY

The Forest Glen Mobile Home Park is located-in Niagara Falls, NiagaraCounty, New York. Surface and subsurface soils at the site have beencontaminated by the previous disposal of chemical wastes. Chemicalcontaminants of concern that have been identified to date include aniline,phenothiazine, benzothiarole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, and polyaromatichydrocarbons. Contact with contaminated soils can result in exposures bydirect ingestion, dermal contact, or dermal absorption. Data are notcurrently available to determine if contact with other environmental mediais of health concern.

The ATSDR has determined that there is a significant risk to human healthfor persons living on the Forest Glen Trailer Park due to conditions whichare known to exist and due to conditions which at present are unknown butplausible. These include: (1) the potential for adverse human healtheffects (allergic contact dermatitis; phototoxic skin reactions; cancer)resulting from exposure to high levels of soil contaminants during routine(gardening, playing, lawn care) domestic activities; (2) the uncertaintyregarding the physical stability of the landfill; and (3) the potentialfor contamination of the public water supply under certain conditions.For these reasons, ATSDR recommends that actions be immediately taken torelocate residents of the trailer park, beginning in the areas of highestsurface contamination and continuing throughout the trailer park. Therelocation of the residents should remain in effect until such time asATSDR finding of a significant risk to human health has been shown to beunfounded and/or the significant risk to human health has been eliminatedor substantially mitigated.

BACKGROUND

A. SITE DESCRIPTION AND HISTORY

The Forest Glen Subdivision is an 11-acre mobile home park in NiagaraFalls, New York. The site is bounded by the Conrail Foote railroad yardto the west, 1-90 to the north and east, and the Expressway Village MobileHome Park to the south. There are 51 mobile homes in the park thatprovide housing to about 150 people. Residents of the trailer parkinclude retired citizens and children. Many of the homes have undergonepermanent modifications such as the addition of garages, blacktoppeddriveways and parking lots, trailer skirts, and porches. The lots areowned by the occupants of the subdivision.

Anecdotal accounts and aerial photographs from the 1970's indicate thatthe northern portion of the subdivision was previously used as a landfillfor chemical wastes. Drums and other chemical wastes were also disposedof in the adjacent areas located east and north of the trailer park.There is no evidence that the landfill was used for the disposal ofdomestic or municipal trash. The site was developed into a mobile homepark during the late 1970's and early 1980's. In 1980, the Niagara County ^Health Department reportedly excavated 10-12 cubic yards of soil from the fsite that was contaminated with phenolic resins. The contaminatedmaterial was shipped to an off-site landfill for disposal. o

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On August 6, 1987, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 2Field Investigation Team (FIT) conducted the initial site inspection. TheFIT conducted a site investigation follow-up on September 27-29, 1988. InMay, 1989, the EPA Removal Action Branch (RAB) removed the crushedremnants of 108 rusted barrels from a vacant area located north of thetrailer park. Twenty-three of the barrels contained unidentifiedmaterials that are currently undergoing chemical analyses.

The EPA Region II staff have accumulated substantial anecdotal informationregarding this site which suggests considerable subsurface contamination(personal communication, S. Luftig, EPA Region II to Mark Bashor, ATSDR).

On several occasions, lateral connections from the public water supplylines to some residences have been replaced because of deterioration ofthe copper piping, suggesting chemical corrosion. The most recentreplacement led to the installation of PVC pipes rather than copperpipes. Persons who have done on-site excavations, such as when installingnew water lines, report digging through what appeared to be "purechemicals* (personal communication, S. Luftig, EPA Region II to MarkBashor, ATSDR).

The State of New York Department of Health (DOH) is planning to conductadditional sampling at the site that will include the municipal watersystem and - if available - standing water, surface water runoff, and sumppump water. On June 22-23, 1969, DOH conducted a door-to-door ExposureSurvey of residents of the trailer park.

B. SITE VISIT

Representatives of the headquarters and regional offices of ATSDR visitedthe site with a representative of the EPA-Region 2 on June 22, 1989.

A synthetic plastic liner had been placed over one of the spots (S34W)where high concentrations of contaminants had been found. At one time, amobile home had reportedly occupied this location on Carrie Drive.

Another area with high concentrations of surface soil contamination waslocated under the porch of a mobile home on Lisa Lane (S36H). Theresident reported that resinous material oozed to the surface when holeswere drilled into the ground to install the porch posts. The residenttold ATSDR representatives that she recently spread 36 tons of cleantopsoil over her mobile home lot.

Several gardens were noted in the trailer park. Residents confirmed thatvegetables were grown in some of the gardens.

East Gill Creek is a slow moving, swampy creek that flows along thenorthern and western edges of the trailer park. Along the edge of thecreek, ATSDR staff noted some patches of a dark brown-black material thatappeared to be hardened resin. . Q

fEPA is in the process of erecting snow fences along the eastern edge ofT-Mark Drive. They plan to extend this fence around the vacant areas olocated north and south of Edgewood Drive. *"*

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C. COMMUNITY HEALTH CONCERNS

The residents of the mobile home park have expressed concern overpotential health effects resulting from contact with chemicalcontamination in surface soils at the site. Residents have attributednumerous health conditions (skin rashes, cancer/ emphysema, heartattacks, and asthma) to exposures from the site.

Residents have also expressed concern over potential exposure to surfacewater that collects in the area after a rainfall and potential exposure toairborne contaminants in indoor and ambient air. The residents haverequested the State of New York to conduct a health study of the residentsof the mobile home park.

DEMOGRAPHICS, LAND USE, AND NATURAL RESOURCE USE

The area surrounding the site is used for residential and commercialpurposes (stores, small businesses). Vacant land, which is heavilyvegetated, is located north and east of the site.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND OTHER HAZARDS

A. ON-SITE CONTAMINATION

A total of 40 soil/sediment samples and 23 solid waste samples werecollected by the NUS Corporation during September 27-29, 1988. Analysesof the samples indicated the presence of high concentrations of chemicalsthat are not included on the Priority Pollutant List (PPL) or the TargetCompound List. Some of the Tentatively Identified Compounds (TIC) in thesamples have been confirmed by subsequent analyses, and further analysesare being conducted to confirm other TIC's. Contaminants detected insurface soil and waste samples are indicated below. At some locations,the concentrations of contaminants in subsurface samples were in excess ofsurface concentrations, suggesting the presence of buried wastes.

Table 1: On-site Surface Soil/Haste Contamination

Chemical

anilinephenothiazinebenzothiazolepolyaromatic hydrocarbons;benzo(b)fluoranthenebenzo(k)fluoranthenebenzo(a)pyreneindeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrenebenzo(a)anthracene

Maximum Concentration (rag/kg)

3,0002,60016,000

7660593174

B. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL

In preparing this Preliminary Health Assessment, ATSDR relies on theinformation provided in the referenced documents and assumes that adequatequality assurance and quality control measures were followed with regard

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to chain-of-custody, laboratory procedures, and data reporting. Thevalidity of the analyses and conclusions drawn for this Preliminary HealthAssessment is determined by the availability and reliability of thereferenced information.

C. PHYSICAL AND OTHER HAZARDS

Ho physical hazards were noted during the ATSDR site visit. However,since the site is known to have been a landfill for chemical wastes, andthere have been reports of substantial subsurface contamination, ATSDR isconcerned that the site may be physically unstable due to the potentialfor shifting of the landfill surface or the accumulation of subsurfacegases which could vent or explode.

PATHWAYS ANALYSES

A. ENVIRONMENTAL PATHWAYS (FATE AND TRANSPORT)

Previous disposal activities at the site have resulted in contamination ofsurface and subsurface soils. Some of the wastes have apparently beendeposited on the surface. However, buried wastes may escape to thesurface, particularly during excavation activities. The results of soilmonitoring are depicted graphically in Appendix A. The majority of soilscontaminated with aniline, benzothiazole and phenothiazine are located inthe northern and western portions of the site. Carcinogenic polyaromatichydrocarbons (PAH's) were detected primarily in the eastern portion of thesite.

Soils at the site are silty clays of the Odessa series (personalcommunication, Ed Oliver, U.S. Soil Conservation Service, Niagara Countyoffice). This was confirmed by ATSDR during their Site Visit. Generationof fugitive contaminated dusts at the site are expected to be minimal.Roads and driveways are paved, and yards contain good grass cover. Thesoil forms a surface crust when dry that minimizes erosion.

An exception to this situation is a residence where high concentrations ofaniline, benzothiazole and phenothiazine were found (sample S36W) . Grasscover is sparse at this residence, and surface crusts were disturbed bytilling and planting of lawns and gardens. The prevailing wind directionat the site is west-southwest, from the disturbed soil area toward theresidence (National Heather Service, Local Climatological Summary,Buffalo, New York) . A moderate potential for release of contaminated dustexists at this location, based on observed conditions and wind erosionestimates using the Cowherd Method (1) .

The potential for surface water and sediment contamination is moderate.The site is located on relatively flat terrain with a slight slope to thesoutheast. As stated previously, most of the site has a good surfacecover of grass or asphalt. These factors tend to minimize sheet erosionof contaminated soils during rainstorms. Residents stated during the sitevisit that the trailer park floods during spring snowmelt periods, whichpresents a moderate potential for transport of contaminated soils todrainage ditches surrounding the site. These contaminants may betransported off-site to downstream receptors. Sediment samples collected

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from a downstream location on the East Fork of Gill Creek (SED 2)contained two tentatively identified chemicals that may be derived fromcontamination at the site.

The potential for ground water contamination on and off site cannot beaccurately evaluated based on currently available information. Soils onsite reportedly have low hydraulic conductivity, but ATSDR's observationsduring the site visit indicated that the water table is high,approximately three to five feet below the land surface. If the reportsof substantial subsurface contamination are accurate, the site mayrepresent a substantial reservoir of chemicals.

The trailer park is supplied with water from the Niagara Falls municipalwater system. As discussed previously/ there are reports that lateralconnections between the private residences and the water supply lines havebeen replaced on several occasions occasions due to corrosion of thepipes. During the most recent replacement, PVC rather than copper pipeswere installed. Nevertheless, any fracture of the supply line couldresult in the intake of contaminants under conditions of back-flow if thesubsurface is substantially contaminated as has been reported.

B. HUMAN EXPOSURE PATHWAYS

1. High concentrations of organic chemical contaminants were detected insurface and subsurface soils (Table 1). Human contact with these soilscould result in exposures by direct ingestion or by dermal contact.Inhalation exposures could also result if dusts were generated fromcontaminated soils.

At one sampling location (S29), elevated concentrations of lead(1,450 ppra) and mercury (€1 ppm) were detected. The presence of thesemetallic contaminants may be due to the disposal of batteries at thislocation. This contamination would not be expected to pose a significanthealth concern because: (1) the contamination was confined to a singlesample, (2) the sampling location is in a highly vegetated andnonresidential area; and (3) access to the area will be restricted by afence currently being erected by an EPA contractor.

2. The mobile home park is serviced by a public water system. However,as noted above, there have been reports of rupture of the water supplylines due to corrosion. Further, any fracture of the supply line couldresult in the intake of contaminants under conditions of back-flow if thesubsurface is substantially contaminated.

3. On April 13, 1989, EPA's Environmental Response Team collected airsamples from areas beneath the residences at the Forest Glen site and fromambient air throughout the trailer park. According to EPA, the analysesof the air samples did not identify any measurable compounds resultingfrom the volatilization of hazardous substances at the locationsselected. Therefore, there is currently no documented evidence thatresidents of the trailer park are being exposed to site-related <ncontaminants through inhalation of ambient air. ^

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4. One upstream and one downstream sediment sample from East Gill Creekwere analyzed for contamination. At the downstream sampling point(SED 2), two site-related contaminants (thiocyanic acid ester and sulfur)were tentatively identified. Additional sampling and confirmation of theTIC's are needed to determine if contact with creek sediment or water poseany health concerns.

5. East Gill Creek does not appear to be capable of supporting ediblesized fish. Hunting in the area is unlikely because of the residentialnature of the area. Some residents reportedly grow vegetables in homegardens. Harvesting of wild berries in the area may also occur.Therefore, exposure to site-related contaminants through the consumptionof biota is possible. This exposure pathway cannot be assessed because ofthe absence of data on the possible presence of site-related contaminantsin edible food crops. An issue related to food chain contamination atthis site is the potential for human contact with contaminants through thevery activity of gardening and digging into soil that is contaminated.

PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS

Surface soils are contaminated with high concentrations of aniline,phenothiazine, benzothiazole, mercaptobenzothiazole, PAH's, and severalother TICs. In some samples, there was gross, visible evidence ofcontamination of the specimen.

Exposure to aniline-contaminated soil can result in exposures by directingestion or by dermal absorption. It has been demonstrated that dermalabsorption of aniline occurs upon exposure to aniline vapor or aqueoussolutions; therefore, it is likely that dermal absorption could also occurupon contact with aniline-contaminated soil.

Occupational exposure to aniline by inhalation or percutaneous absorptionhas resulted in the formation of elevated concentrations of methemoglobinin the blood. Methemoglobin is hemoglobin in which the iron is in anoxidized form. Since methemoglobin is not capable of transporting oxygen,the presence of high concentrations of methemoglobin in the blood can leadto cyanosis and asphyxia. The oral administration of 25-65 mg doses ofaniline to human volunteers significantly increased the blood levels ofmethemoglobin; whereas no effect was noted with doses of 5-15 mg (2).Neonates less than 3-months old have an incompletely developedmethemoglobin reductase activity and may be at an increased risk foraniline toxicity. Individuals with a rare congenital deficiency inmethemoglobin reductase activity may also be at an increased risk forexposure to aniline and other methemoglobin-producing chemicals.

In laboratory experiments, rats that were fed large doses of anilinedeveloped tumors of the spleen and peritoneal body cavity. Although themechanism of the tumorogenic effect is uncertain, it may be related to thesplenic hemosiderosis and fibrosis that result from chronic exposure tohigh doses of aniline (3). EPA has recently classified aniline as aprobable human carcinogen (EPA Category B2). ot*1

If a child were to play in the two areas of the Forest Glen Mobile Home 0Park where high concentrations of contaminants were detected (S34N and oS36H), aniline derived from soil ingestion and dermal absorption could M

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possibly cause a slight increase in the blood concentration of•aethemoglobin. However, slight increases in methemoglobin concentrationsaay not be of any clinical significance (4). Contact withaniline-contaminated soils or wastes is also of concern because of apossible increased carcinogenic risk associated with chronic exposure toaniline.

Surface soils were also contaminated with phenothiazine. Occupationalexposures to phenothiazine by inhalation and skin contact have resultedin skin sensitization characterized by burning and itching of the skin.Discoloration of the hair and fingernails may accompany these sensitizationreactions. Photosensitization of the skin and keratitis (inflammation ofthe cornea) have also been reported to result from exposures tophenothiazine. The doses of phenothiazine that cause these adverse healtheffects have not been determined. However, once a person has beensensitized, dermal contact with minute quantities of phenothiazine mayprecipitate allergic contact dermatitis.

Other contaminants detected in the soil included benzothiazole (BT) and thetentatively identified compound, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MET). BT may bea breakdown product of MBT. The potential health risks resulting fromcontact with BT in the soil cannot be characterized because of aninadequate toxicity information base for BT. MBT is very irritating to theeyes and can cause allergic contact dermatitis. In an epidemiologicalstudy, it was reported that 5 percent of dermatology patients testedpositive to MBT in skin patch tests (5). Therefore, dermal contact withMBT-contaminated soils may result in allergic contact dermatitis.

High concentrations of PAH's were also detected in soil samples from somelocations. In general, PAH's were detected at different locations than theTICs and related compounds. Exposure to PAH's is of potential concernbecause some PAH's and PAH mixtures are carcinogenic. In laboratoryexperiments, PAH's are potent inducers of skin cancer when applied derraallyto mice and rats. PAH's are also carcinogenic in animals when ingested,injected, or instilled intratracheally (6).

Studies of human exposure to PAH's have been conducted among coke plantworkers and coal gas production workers. Epidemiologic studies of theseworkers have revealed an association between occupational exposure tocombustion products containing PAH's and cancer of the lung, pancreas,kidney, bladder, and skin. Interpretation of these studies is confounded,however, by simultaneous exposure to other combustion products and byadditional exposure to chemical carcinogens in cigarette smoke.

Dermal contact with PAH's is a matter of concern because PAH's can beabsorbed by intact human skin and activated to chemically reactiveintermediates that may be involved in carcinogenesis (7). In addition totheir potential carcinogenic activity, some PAH's - such as anthracene,acridine, or phenanthrene - can also produce phototoxic skin reactions. ^

SDermal contact with these compounds, followed by exposure to sunlight, can r

produce skin erythema, urticaria, and burning and itching. These 0phototoxic effects usually disappear when contact with the irritant or osensitizer is eliminated. *"*

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CONCLUSIONS

The ATSDR has determined that there is a significant risk to human healthfor persons living on the Forest Glen Trailer Park due to conditions whichare known to exist and due to conditions which at present are unknown butplausible. These include: (1) the potential for adverse human healtheffects (allergic contact dermatitis; phototozic skin reactions; cancer)resulting from exposure to high levels of soil contaminants during routine(gardening, playing, lawn care) domestic activities; (2) the uncertaintyregarding the physical stability of the landfill; and (3) the potentialfor contamination of the public water supply under certain conditions.

As a result of this Preliminary Health Assessment, ATSDR is preparing aPublic Health Advisory for the Forest Glen Mobile Home Park.

The ATSDR will continue to work with the EPA, the New York StateDepartment of Health, and other agencies as appropriate to address thepublic health concerns related to this site.

Basis for the finding of significant risk to human health;

As previously discussed, high concentrations of chemical contaminants thatcan result in adverse human health effects have been detected in surfacesoils at several locations in the trailer park. In addition, chemicalwastes, which are currently buried, may be uncovered during the removal ofsurface soils or by digging operations. Therefore, residents might beexposed to buried wastes during gardening or planting, or during theconstruction of porches, driveways, etc. Buried wastes might also bereleased to the surface during remedial or removal operations that involveexcavation of surface soils.

The nature of the buried wastes at the site is unknown. However, analysesof surface soils has indicated the presence of toxic chemicals that mayinvoke adverse chemical sensitivity reactions (e.g., phenothiazine,mercaptobenzothiazole) or cause an increased carcinogenic risk(e.g., aniline, PAH's).

Therefore, the residents of the trailer park could be exposed tosignificant levels of contamination during normal work or playactivities. Furthermore, the risk for exposures to contaminants couldbe increased by on-site remedial or removal operations.

Another risk posed by the presence of buried chemical wastes is thepotential for contamination of the public water supply. Chemical wastesmay cause deterioration of water supply lines, resulting in theinfiltration of toxic chemicals into the residents' potable water supply.

The extent and nature of the subsurface contamination are presentlyunknown. However, the site is known to have been a landfill for chemicalwastes, and there have been reports of substantial subsurfacecontamination. ATSDR is concerned that the site may be physicallyunstable and that shifts in the landfill surface could releasecontaminants to the surface or vent gases and volatile chemicals.

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RECOMMENDATIONS

Because of (1) the pot mtial for adverse human health effects (allergiccontact dermatitis; phototoxic skin reactions; cancer) resulting fromexposure to high levels of soil contaminants during routine (gardening,playing, lawn care) domestic activities; (2) the uncertainty regarding thephysical stability of the landfill; and (3) the potential for contaminationof the public water supply under certain conditions, ATSDR recommends thatactions be immediately taken to relocate residents of the trailer park,beginning in the areas of highest surface contamination and continuingthroughout the trailer park. The relocation of the residents should remainin effect until such time as the ATSDR finding of a significant risk tohuman health has been shown to be unfounded and/or the significant risk tohuman health has been eliminated or substantially mitigated.

The Forest Glen Mobile Home Park site has been evaluated for appropriatefollow-up with respect to health effects studies. Since human exposure toon-site/off-site contaminants may currently be occurring [and may haveoccurred in the past], this site is being considered for follow-up healtheffects studies. After consultation with Regional EPA staff and State andlocal health and environmental officials, the Epidemiology and MedicineBranch, Office of Health Assessment, ATSDR, will determine if follow-uppublic health actions or studies are appropriate for this site.

PREPARERS OF REPORT

This Preliminary Health Assessment is based on information that was providedto ATSDR by July 14, 1989. Since that time, EPA - Region II has providedATSDR with additional analytical data for on-site surface soils. Inaddition, the New York State Department of Health has given ATSDR theresults of their Exposure Survey and additional analytical data forenvironmental samples that were recently collected on-site. Afterevaluating these data, ATSDR may issue an addendum to this PreliminaryHealth Assessment if warranted by the new information.

Environmental and Health Effects Reviewers:

Kenneth G. Orloff, Ph.D.Senior ToxicologistHealth Sciences Branch

Joe Hughart, P.G.Environmental Health ScientistEnvironmental Engineering Branch

Mark M. Bashor, Ph.D.DirectorOffice of Health Assessment

Regional Representatives:

William Q. Nelson andDenise JohnsonPublic Health AdvisorsField Operations BranchRegion II

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REFERENCES

1. Chatten Cowherd et al. , Rapid Assessment of exposure to ParticulateEmissions From Surface Contamination Sites, U.S. EPA, EFA/600/8-85/002,Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, February, 1985.

2. F.P. Jenkins, J.A. Robinson, J.B.M. Gellatly, and G.N.A. Salmond, TheNo-effect Dose of Aniline in Human Subjects and a Comparison of AnilineToxicity in Man and the Rat, Food Cosmetic Toxicology, 10 671-679 (1972).

3. D.6. Goodman, J.M. Hard, and W.D. Reichardt, Splenic Fibrosis andSarcomas in F344 Rats Fed Diets Containing Aniline Hydrochloride,p-Chloroaniline, o-Toluidine Hydrochloride, 4,4'-Sulfonyldianiline, orD * C Red No. 9, Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 73 265-273(1984).

4. Joel M. Schwartz, Alan L. Reiss, and Ernst R. Jaffe, HereditaryMethemoglobinemia With Deficiency of NADH Cytochrome b5 Reductase, in TheMetabolic Basis of Inherited Disease, J.B. Stanbury et al. Editors, 5thEdition, page 1662, 1983.

5. E.J. Rudner et al., Epidemiology of Contact Dermatitis in NorthAmerica, Archives of Dermatology, 108 537-540 (1973).

6. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, lexicologicalProfile for Benzo[a]pyrene, 1989.

7. John Kao, Frances K. Patterson, and Jerry Hall, Skin Penetration andMetabolism of Topically Applied Chemicals in Six Mammalian Species,Including Man: An in Vitro Study with Benzo(a)pyrene and Testosterone,Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 81 502-516 (1985).

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APPENDIX B

LETTER TO FOREST GLEN RESIDENTSFROM THE EPA, DATED JULY 25, 1989

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Y5 UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

REGION II26 FEDERAL PLAZA

NEW YORK. NEW YORK 1O278Dear Concerned Citizen: July 25, 1989

The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)has carefully evaluated information and data available to itas of July 21 and has recommended that EPA take immediateaction to relocate the residents of the Forest GlenSubdivision to avoid potential exposure to the chemicalcompounds.

In its evaluation, called a Preliminary Health Assessment ofthe Forest Glen Mobile Home Park, the ATSDR concluded thatthe conditions within the Forest Glen Mobile Home Parkpresent a significant risk to the health of the residentsATSDR is concerned about residents being exposed to thechemical compounds by contact with the ground areas withhigh concentration of chemicals or by drinking contaminatedwater. They also expressed concern about possible unstableground conditions. The ATSDR states this relocation shouldcontinue until the ATSDR finding of significant risk is shownto be unfounded and/or the significant risk to human healthhas been eliminated or substantially mitigated.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) will providetemporary relocation assistance for the residents of theForest Glen Subdivision. Temporary relocation will beoffered to Forest Glen residents on a voluntary basis. EPAwill provide federal funds to FEMA to pay for the costsassociated with this temporary relocation.

Also, the EPA has requested that ATSDR issue a second report,a Public Health Advisory, that will allow us to initiateaction to place the Forest Glen area on the NationalPriorities List. Sites on the National Priorities List maybe considered for permanent relocation options. The ATSDRhas stated that it will issue a Public Health Advisory.

We will have representatives from EPA, ATSDR and FEMAavailable to fully explain the Preliminary Health Assessmentand provide information on the temporary relocation at theNiagara Fire Company No. 1, 6010 Lockport Road, Niagara Fallson Wednesday, July 26, at 7:30 p.m.

We will also have the representatives available for oindividual consultations at the Forest Glen site as soon as ^such provisions can be completed. Any resident wishing to 0discuss their concerns before that time, can call 285-8842 to oschedule an individual appointment.

i-iSincerely yours, £f

/?Stephen D. Luftigrecycled paper *" Director, Emergenoy.i«ajidH

Remedial Response DivisionB-2

APPENDIZ C

FEMA FACT SHEET REGARDING TEMPORARYRELOCATION ASSISTANCE, DATED JULY 25, 1989

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FEDERAL EMERGENCYMANAGEMENTAGENCY

Region 11/26 Federal Plaza / New York , NY 10278

July 25, 1989 FG-1For Further Information: -

Marianne Jackson : (716) 285-8842 , orNiagara Falls Ramada Inn (716) 285-2541

TEMPORARY RELOCATION ASSISTANCE

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is responsible, underSuperfund, for voluntary temporary relocation when EPA identifies a .site where relocation assistance is necessary. Costs are paid byEPA.

A FEMA team from Region II in New York City led by Jerry Connolly ishere in Niagara Falls to handle the temporary relocation.

FEMA housing specialists are setting up appointments to meet withinterested residents at their convenience at their homes. Theprogram is voluntary; no one will be forced to move.

If a resident''chooses to move, three months rent will be provided byFEMA in the form of a.check within two weeks of application.Additional rent payments will be advanced to residents for as longas EPA deems necessary.

EPA will sample and analyze solids/dusts generated from vacuumingthe interior of residences beginning August 1. If the test isnegative, residents can take their furniture and moving expenseswill be paid. If the test is positive, money for renting furniturewill be provided.

Residents who wish to relocate immediately can stay in a hotel ormotel and a food subsidy will be provided for up to two weeks whilethey are looking for an apartment. FEMA will identifyhotels/motels.

Minimum utility costs will be paid for residents of Forest Glen whochoose to relocate. Utility costs in an apartment are theresponsibility of the resident; however, costs to hook up telephonesat temporary residences can be reimbursed.

Kennelling costs for pets, if necessary, can be paid.

Residents who choose to relocate continue to be responsible for ^mortgage payments on their Forest Glen home. £>

Please remember this is a voluntary program. 0o

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Federal Emergency Management AgencyRegion U 25 Federal Plaza

July 25, 1989

New York, New York 10273

Dear Forest Glen Resident:

Sometime today or tomorrow a housing specialist from theFederal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) will call you toset up an appointment to discuss voluntary relocationassistance.

EPA funds are available for you and your family to relocateon a temporary basis. The FEMA housing specialist can cometo your home at your convenience to answer questions and, ifyou wish, help you complete the housing application.

Inf ormations. about relocation assistance will be given at thepublic meeting which will be held on Wednesday, July 26, at7:30 p.m. at the Niagara Fire Company No. 1, 6010 LockportRoad in Niagara Falls.

Please contact us at 285-8842 if you have any questions.

Sincerely yours,

Gerald J. CpnnollySenior FEMA Representative

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[ UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY• REGION II

26 FEDERAL PLAZANEW YORK. NEW YORK 10278

FACT SHEET

July 21, 1989

Dear Concerned Citizen:

This.letter updates the status of OSEPA activities at theForest Glen Subdivision and supplements our Fact Sheet of May19, 1989. This update is part of our ongoing program to keepthe public fully informed of current and planned future EPAactivities.

OVERVIEW

The Forest Glen site, located on the border of the City ofNiagara Falls, New York and the Town of Niagara, is aresidential mobile home park consisting of approximately 51residences. The site was purchased in 1973 by USA CampsiteCorporation and subsequently subdivided. Lot sales began inthe late 1970s.

Historic aerial photographs indicate that a landfill waslocated in the northern portion of the park. The exactextent of the landfill is unknown. During the early 1970s,low areas of the site, including a portion of the East GillCreek creekbed, were filled with materials from unknownsources. The creek was subsequently rerouted to its presentlocation along the northern perimeter of the site.

The results of both the 1987 and 1988 EPA sampling, and theATSDR recommendations, are available at the USEPA PublicInformation Office in Niagara Falls, New York.

EPA ACTIONS TO DATE

On April 5, 1989, EPA initiated a removal action to mitigatepotential and direct threats posed by the substancescontained in the soils at the site.

Drum Removal o

The EPA completed the location and recovery of approximately Q100 drums from the berm area north of Carrie Drive on June o8th. The drums are staged adjacent to the Service Road in a M

fenced area with a security guard posted. We are awaiting Mtest results of the drum contents which will determine ^J"disposal procedures. o

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Fence Installation»»»»»-»- M M » mmm i » ~m~^~ .'

As requested by several Forest Glen residents, EPA hasinstalled temporary fencing around areas of suspectedcontamination while awaiting the results of our recentsampling. We completed the fence installation around the twowooded areas north and south of Edgewood Drive on June 30,1989.

We are evaluating measures to minimize direct contact byresidents with the identified or tentatively identifiedcompounds for which the Agency for Toxic Substances andDisease Registry expressed concern as to a potential healththreat. To date the two areas identified as having elevatedlevels of contamination, one south of Carrie Drive and theother in the northwest portion of Lisa Lane, have beencovered. EPA has covered one with a geotextile fabric and aresident has placed a soil covering on the other. We areawaiting the results of additional sampling to decide ifadditional areas require protective covering.

Sampling

Soil

On April 13, 1989, the EPA Field Investigation Team (FIT)collected additional soil samples from locations sampledduring their September 1988 testing. At the residentsmeeting on Wednesday evening, June 14th, we informed thoseattending that we confirmed the presence of several compoundsfound at two locations on the site as a result of the Aprilsoil tests; these locations have been temporarily covered toprevent contact on an interim basis. Our efforts to confirmother tentatively identified compounds continue.

On May 27, 1989 the EPA FIT took a more comprehensive set ofsoil samples at numerous locations not previously sampledusing a grid system.

Air

On April 13, 1989, EPA's Environmental Response Teamcollected air samples from areas beneath the residences atthe Forest Glen site and from the atmosphere throughout thesubdivision.

The analyses of the air samples collected did not identifyany measurable compounds resulting from the volatilization ofhazardous substances at the locations selected. A reportdescribing the sampling activities that were conducted aswell as all analytical results will be distributed to theresidences during the week of July 24.

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Enforcement

EPA is gathering information from local companies, previousowners of the site and residents to determine what materialshave been deposited on the site and their origin. Thisassists in the characterization of the site and will allow usto take enforcement actions requiring the parties responsibleto take appropriate actions to 'remediate the problem, underoversight of EPA.

On May 25, 1989, EPA ordered a former owner of the site totake corrective actions at the site. Mr. Sottile has notcomplied with that order.

Expressway Village

At the request of several Expressway Village residents andelected officials, EPA collected soil samples at ExpresswayVillage area during the week of July 17, 1989.

FUTURE ACTIONS

We are continuing to consult with and provide data results tothe Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)for its use in evaluating the potential for adverse healtheffects resulting from the compounds found at the site. Todate the ATSDR has indicated that compounds at the site donot pose an immediate health threat. However, they do pose apotential health threat and their presence should beconfirmed or proper remedial action should be taken.

Although we did conduct air sampling in April, we would liketo gather additional air samples during the warmer weatherfor comparison purposes. Therefore, we are preparing asampling plan to conduct additional air sampling of theatmosphere and from beneath the residences at thesubdivision. Sampling is scheduled to take place during theweek of July 30th. The sampling and analysis of solids/dustsgenerated from vacuuming the interior of selected residencesis also being planned.

The data resulting from the May 1989 sampling of theSubdivision is presently being reviewed. This informationwill be presented to you at public availability sessionswhich will be held on August 2 & 3, 1989. In order toadequately address each of your questions, we are scheduling ^multiple sessions. Information on the scheduling of these osessions will be forthcoming. *"

We will continue to evaluate temporary measures to minimize odirect contact by residents with the compounds at the site. M

Relocating residents may be the only way to eliminate direct ,_,contact either temporarily, during a clean up action or on a -Jpermanent basis. EPA would base its determination as to what £

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actions are appropriate upon the advice of the.--Agency forToxic Substances and Disease Registry that a significanthealth threat existed. In order to be prepared to addressthe options for relocation, EPA has signed an agreement withthe Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).

FEMA is the federal agency with the authority and expertisefor undertaking relocations required under federally funded •programs. FEMA will investigate relocation options that maybe available.

We at EPA recognize the .valid concerns that the residentshave over the impacts that the compounds found at the sitemay have on their health and well being. We will earnestlywork toward resolving the questions on health and remedialaction. We will provide the residents and other concernedindividuals with information on the site as quickly as wepossibly can. In keeping with this goal, a trailer will belocated on site to serve as a public information center.

If at any time you have questions concerning EPA activitiesat the Forest Glen Subdivision, please contact the OS EPAPublic Information Office weekdays from 8:00am to 5:00pm at(716) 285-8842.

Sincerely yours,

Stephen D. Luftig, DirectorEmergency and Remedial Response Division

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APPENDIX D

SIGN-IN SHEET FROM FOREST GLENSUBDIVISION PUBLIC INFORMATION

MEETING, JULY 26, 1989

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APPENDIX E

AGENDA FROM FOREST GLEN SUBDIVISIONPUBLIC INFORMATION MEETING, JULY 26, 1989

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FOREST GLEN SUBDIVISIONPUBLIC MEETINGJULY 26, 1989

AGENDA

Welcome/Introduction - Mike Basile, USEPA

Overviev/Explanation - Richard Salkie, USEPA

Sanpling SuBoary/History - Joe Rotola, USEPA

Health Assessment - Bill Nelson, ATSDR

Relocation - Gerald Connolly, FEMA

.Enforcement - David Payne, USEPA, Office of Regional Counsel

Questions and Answers

PUBLIC AVAILABILITY SESSIONS

Thursday, July 27, 1989 - Niagara Fire Co. tl6010 Lockport RoadNiagara Falls, NY

9:30 a.m. - 11:00 a.m.2:30 p.m. - 4:30 p.m.7:30 p.m. - 9:30 p.m.

Friday, July 28, 1989 - On-site trailer at Forest Glen

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APPENDIX F

LIST OF QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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1. Q: Residents don't vant temporary relocation; they vant permanentrelocation. When vill permanent relocation be provided?

A: Permanent relocation vill occur once the site is listed on theNPL. But until that time, residents are encouraged to takeadvantage of temporary relocation to eliminate the risk ofcontinued exposure. Temporary relocation accommodations villbe based on the number of existing occupants. FEMA vill paythe folloving amounts for temporary relocation:

$388 per month for a 1-bedroom apartment$474 per month for a 2-bedroom apartment$569 per month for a 3-bedroom apartment$637 per month for a 4-bedroom apartment

FEMA vill also cover moving expenses, kenneling costs forpets, and base level utility costs at the primary residence.Participants vill be responsible for paying the utilities attheir temporary residence. FEMA vill issue each participant acheck for the first three months' rent and vill issue addi-tional checks when the participant turns in rent receipts.FEMA payments vill continue as long as the EPA deems reloca-tion necessary or until a permanent buy-out occurs.

2. Q: There is concern that homeovner's or renter's insurance vouldbe canceled if residents vere out of their home for more than30 days. Residents vant a vritten guarantee that theirinsurance vill not be canceled. Can such a guarantee beprovided?

A: Existing lav does state that if an occupant is absent from hisor her residence for more than 30 days, the policy no longerapplies. However, FEMA and EPA are vorking vith the stateinsurance commissioner to gain his influence to force insurancecompanies not to enforce that clause in this situation. Vevill continue to pursue this issue.

3. Q: Vill EPA hire guards to adequately protect the vacated prop-erties, since there vere problems at Love Canal vith theseservices?

A: The EPA vill provide 24-hour security for the Forest Glen site.

4. Q: Under temporary relocation, hov vill the government find ade-quate space to accommodate personal possessions and recrea- _tional equipment, such as boats, campers, and wood-working . oequipment? *"

oA: FEMA vill vork vith residents and vill make every effort to o

locate suitable accommodations for each resident and his or her M

belongings. However, it is not always possible to find storage M

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space for multiple large items in a temporary relocationeffort.

5. Q: There is general confusion as to hov the homeovners' propertywould be appraised. For example, vould the value be affectedby the presence of chemicals, and vould the improvements thehomeovners made to their property be taken into considerationin the appraisal?

A: Homes vill be appraised for fair market value as if the contam-ination vere not present. The Housing Authority Realty Boards,and any other agency vith information on assessing the market,vill be consulted.

6. Q: Since the suspected presence of chemicals vas first reported in1980, vhy did it take so long to determine that a health hazardexisted?

A: The presence of chemicals in 1980 vas reported to the NiagaraCounty Health Department. Niagara County made an assessment ofthe situation and determined that there vas no problem atForest Glen. The EPA vas not made avare of any problem atForest Glen until 1987. The EPA then began its samplingefforts immediately.

7. Q: Vould the homeovners -be able to have their trailers relocatedto another site vhen permanent relocation is offered? Even ifthe trailers are found to be "clean," there vill be a stigmaattached to the trailers because they came from an area thatvas contaminated.

A: The EPA vill schedule sampling of individual trailers. If thetrailers are clean, it vill be possible to move them. A"clean" determination on the trailers should help remove anystigmas, and remediation of the site itself vill improve thesituation.

8. Q: Residents feel frustrated regarding the perceived lack ofinvolvement of the City of Niagara Falls government. Vould itbe possible for the city to pursue a reduction of propertytaxes on the properties located in Forest Glen?

A: While the mayor of the City of Niagara Falls has a busy ^schedule, he has sent his representatives to meet vith Forest £3Glen residents. He has also sent strong letters to the DOH,DEC, and EPA urging svift action vith regard to Forest Glen. oUnfortunately, the city has limited resources and can only urge 2the appropriate agencies to act. At present, the city isunable to provide Forest Glen residents vith tax-exempt status; M

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however, the city determined yesterday that it may be able to. provide residents with assistance in paying their taxes.•i

9.. Q: Vill children be allowed to continue attending their presentschool even if they are relocated outside of the school dis-trict? Will busing be provided from the temporary relocationresidence to the school? The residents request a guaranteethat their children vill be able to attend their currentschools.

A: The City of Niagara Falls is not able to promise right now thatchildren vill be permitted to remain in the same school if theyare relocated outside the district.

10. Q: Vill busing be provided to day-care facilities, and hov soonvill day-care be available? There vere indications that day-care facilities vere provided immediately at the time of theLove Canal declaration.

A: The EPA has only determined today to provide day-care. Thedetails vill have to be vorked out in the next fev days. Somedetails vill depend on vhat is available in the area.

11. Q: During temporary relocation, vill the residents be responsiblefor payment of utilities (i.e., sever, water) at their vacatedresidence?

A: FEHA vill pay for minimum utility charges at the vacated resi-dences during temporary relocation.

12. Q: Some of the residents rent their trailer lots and have mort-gages on their trailers. Vhat portion of these expenses vouldbe covered by FEMA?

A: Under temporary relocation, FEHA vill pay for the cost of mov-ing and the rent on the temporary residence. Participants villbe responsible for paying all rents or mortgages at the vacatedresidence.

13. Q: Can a landlord charge rent on contaminated land?

A: Contamination does not prohibit a landlord from accepting rent.

14. Q: Vhy hasn't the city organized a cohesive organization toaddress the chemical contamination in the city?

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A: The city doesn'-'c have the capabilities to address chemical con-tamination. The responsibility for handling these problems

_ lies with the individual agencies.

15. Q: What provisions will be made for relocating businesses that areoperated from homes? ,

A: Businesses are not eligible for relocation under the temporaryrelocation program.

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16. Q: Will kenneling of pets be provided under temporary relocation?

A: FEMA vill pay for the kenneling of pets during temporaryrelocation.

17. Q: Vill compensation be provided for taking time off of work tooversee moving operations?

A: FEMA vill check to see if individuals could qualify for stateunemployment during a move. FEMA vill also do everything pos-sible to help vith moving arrangements and to accommodateeveryone's schedule so they do not have to miss vork.

. 18. Q: If Forest Glen vill be listed on the NPL vithin tvo months,isn't temporary relocation an unnecessary hardship? People donot vant to move tvice.

A: Because ATSDR.has recognized that there is a significant healththreat at Forest Glen, the EPA strongly suggests that residentsmake use of the temporary relocation offer to minimize theirexposure in this hazardous area.

19. Q: There are questions concerning the guidelines for reimbursementof rent under the temporary relocation program. If a homeovnerhas a 3-bedroom home occupied by.parents and child, vould theybe reimbursed for a 2- or 3-bedroom unit?

A: Since temporary relocation reimbursement is based on number ofoccupants, a family of three vould be expected to temporarilyrelocate to a 2-bedroom unit.

20. Q: Vill residents be reimbursed for medical bills covering treat-ment for health problems that may be- attributable to exposure oto chemicals at the site? ^

oA: Medical expenses do not qualify for reimbursement under o,>s_. existing programs. Once responsible parties are identified by M

"•-•-' the EPA, individuals can bring personal suits against those M-j01o>

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parties for recovery of &~dical bills. This has been donesuccessfully at other sites.

21. Q: If a resident owns property elsewhere, vill the EPA relocatehis trailer to this site under either permanent or temporaryrelocation?

A: The agencies vill be happy to investigate that option as apossibility.

22. Q: Vill counseling be provided to the residents of Forest Glen?

A: The Red Cross has been contacted, and ve are working on assem-bling a crisis counseling team that would be available to any-one vho requests assistance. The Red Cross has a long historyof dealing vith crisis situations.

23. Q: It vas suggested that the government should offer a financialrevard for information pertaining to the disposal of wastes atForest Glen. Would this be possible?

A: Many people have come forward on their own to provide us withinformation. Ve hope that people would realize that theirrevard is helping the residents of Forest Glen. Ve also askyou to continue encouraging those people with information tocome forward.

24. Q: The residents anticipate that there will be a problem withfinding temporary rentals since most landlords in the arearequire a one-year lease. What can be done about this?

A: FEMA has found that landlords are usually open to negotiationon lease length when we explain the situation to them. Ve havenever had a problem obtaining short-term leases in the past.

25. Q: Could the 2-month time frame projected for listing the site onthe NPL be shortened if the State Attorney General's Officeinterceded?

A: Agency members are pursuing all avenues to get Forest Glenlisted on the NPL so permanent relocation can occur.

26. Q: In the FEMA handout, it states that under permanent relocation,homeovners vill be reimbursed for the fair market value of ^their home, less any encumbrances. Vhat is meant by encum- abrances?

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A: An example of an encumbrance vonld I; delinquent taxes owed ona property. Those taxes must be paid for the transaction tooccur.

27. Q: If, in 1980, Sottile was ordered to remove 10 truckloads ofcontaminated soil from Forest Glen, vhy vasn't testing donethen to verify whether the site vas indeed cleaned up?

A: The Niagara County Health Department ordered Sottile to removethe soil. Ve can't speculate as to vhy further testing vas notperformed. The Health Department must have felt that the areavas clean.

28. Q: When vill the appraisals of properties take place? Vho vill beconducting the appraisals?

A: The details for appraising the homes have not been vorked outyet.

CONCERNS OF RESIDENTS IN AREASADJACENT TO FOREST GLEN

Expressway Village

29. Q: In general, hov vill the relocation of residents from ForestGlen and eventual remediation of the site affect ExpresswayVillage property values and its residents' ability to selltheir homes in the future?

A: Remediation of the Forest Glen site should remove any stigmathat might be associated vith Expressway Village.

30. Q: Could contamination be present in Expressway Village?

A: Sampling has taken place at Expressway Village, and we areawaiting the results. Ve don't expect to find any contamina-tion at Expressway Village.

Edgevood Drive (east of 1-190)

31. Q: Prior to construction of 1-190, Edgewood Drive was the primaryaccess road to the Forest Glen area. Vill EPA sample proper-ties east of 1-190 to determine if contamination is presentfrom these waste-hauling activities? Q

fA: The question of sampling the eastern portion of Edgewood Drive

has only been brought to our attention in the last few days. oEPA will address this issue. Ve recommend that concerned east M

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Edgevood Drive residents make an appointment to meet with usduring one of the public availability sessions so ve candiscuss any information or questions they may have.

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