Nutrition:Carbohydrates

Chapter 5Lesson 2

Nutrients

Objective 1:Objective 1: Describe the Describe the functions of the six basic nutrients functions of the six basic nutrients in maintaining health.in maintaining health.

Objective 2: Objective 2: List nutrients in a List nutrients in a variety of foods.variety of foods.

Objective 3:Objective 3: Explain the Explain the relationship between nutrition, relationship between nutrition, health promotion, and disease health promotion, and disease prevention.prevention.

What is a Carbohydrate?

Carbohydrates (Carbs)Carbohydrates (Carbs)- The - The starches and sugars found in starches and sugars found in foods. foods. Made up of carbon, oxygen, and Made up of carbon, oxygen, and

hydrogenhydrogen The body’s preferred source of The body’s preferred source of

energyenergy Carbs provide, 4 calories per 1 Carbs provide, 4 calories per 1

gramgram

Carbohydrates

Your body uses the Your body uses the energy from the carbs energy from the carbs everyday, for every everyday, for every task.task.

Depending on their Depending on their chemical make-up chemical make-up there are 2 types; there are 2 types; SimpleSimple ComplexComplex

55-60% of your daily 55-60% of your daily calories should come calories should come from complex carbs.from complex carbs.

Simple Carbohydrates

What are What are simple carbohydratessimple carbohydrates?? Also know as EMPTY CALORIESAlso know as EMPTY CALORIES SugarsSugars; fructose and lactose; fructose and lactose Found primarily in fruit and milkFound primarily in fruit and milk

Most familiar; SucroseMost familiar; Sucrose Found naturally; plantsFound naturally; plants Refined to make table sugarRefined to make table sugar Sucrose is also added to manufactured Sucrose is also added to manufactured

foodsfoods

Simple Carbohydrates

Videos

SplendaSplenda http://video.foxnews.com/v/3914230/

sour-news http://abcnews.go.com/Health/video/

artificial-sweeteners-sweet-7392367 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W

bvD4oC-lyw ““Sugar counterfeits tricking your Sugar counterfeits tricking your

body.”body.” ““Artificial sweetener, Splenda, Artificial sweetener, Splenda,

harmful?”harmful?”

Corn, Bad for you? How?

ArticleArticle Read quietly to yourself…Read quietly to yourself… The vast majority of the high fructose corn syrup The vast majority of the high fructose corn syrup

containing 55% fructose is used to sweeten carbonated containing 55% fructose is used to sweeten carbonated soft drinks and other flavored beverages. Minor soft drinks and other flavored beverages. Minor amounts are used in frozen dairy products. Essentially amounts are used in frozen dairy products. Essentially all foods listing “high fructose corn syrup” as an all foods listing “high fructose corn syrup” as an ingredient contain the syrup with 42% fructose. The ingredient contain the syrup with 42% fructose. The 95% fructose corn syrup is becoming more common in 95% fructose corn syrup is becoming more common in beverages, canned fruits, confectionery products and beverages, canned fruits, confectionery products and dessert syrups.dessert syrups.

““Now, a quarter of the 45,000 items in the Now, a quarter of the 45,000 items in the average supermarket contain processed corn, average supermarket contain processed corn, often in the form of high-fructose corn syrup.”often in the form of high-fructose corn syrup.” That’s…11,250 productsThat’s…11,250 products

Complex Carbohydrates

What are What are complex carbohydratescomplex carbohydrates?? StarchesStarches Found primarily in; whole grains, nuts, seeds, Found primarily in; whole grains, nuts, seeds,

legumes and tubers (root veggies)legumes and tubers (root veggies) Did you know?Did you know?

Your body must break down complex carbs to Your body must break down complex carbs to simple carbs before it can use them for energysimple carbs before it can use them for energy

Complex Carbohydrates

The Role Of Carbohydrates

Your body converts all carbs to GlucoseYour body converts all carbs to Glucose A simple sugar that’s the main source of A simple sugar that’s the main source of

energy for our bodiesenergy for our bodies The glucose that is not used is stored in The glucose that is not used is stored in

the liver and muscles as a starch-like the liver and muscles as a starch-like substance called; substance called; glycogen.glycogen.

When your body needs more energy the When your body needs more energy the glycogen is converted back to glucose.glycogen is converted back to glucose.

Excess carbs taken in and not used are Excess carbs taken in and not used are converted to body fatconverted to body fat

Fiber, What is it? What does it do?

Is an indigestible Is an indigestible complex carbohydrate complex carbohydrate that is that is found in tough, stringy parts of vegetables, fruits found in tough, stringy parts of vegetables, fruits and whole grains.and whole grains. FFiber helps move waste through the iber helps move waste through the

digestive system and helps prevent against digestive system and helps prevent against constipation.constipation.

Why fiber reduces the risk of early death is Why fiber reduces the risk of early death is unclear. Perhaps it's because fiber lowers unclear. Perhaps it's because fiber lowers levels of "bad" LDL cholesterol, improves levels of "bad" LDL cholesterol, improves blood glucose levels, reduces inflammation, blood glucose levels, reduces inflammation, and binds to potential cancer-causing and binds to potential cancer-causing agents, helping to flush them out of the agents, helping to flush them out of the body, says lead author Yikyung Park, a staff body, says lead author Yikyung Park, a staff scientist at the scientist at the National Cancer InstituteNational Cancer Institute. . (article from us news.com)(article from us news.com)

Fiber

Did you know?Did you know? That if you eat That if you eat

enough fiber enough fiber throughout your life, throughout your life, it can help prevent it can help prevent against heart disease!against heart disease!

It can also help It can also help control diabetes by control diabetes by reducing your blood reducing your blood glucose levelsglucose levels

Eat between 20-35 Eat between 20-35 grams of fiber a day!grams of fiber a day!

SourcesSources FruitFruit Vegetables Vegetables

w/edible skinsw/edible skins Whole grainsWhole grains

Bran, cereal, Bran, cereal, oatmeal, brown oatmeal, brown ricerice

How to get the Proper amount of Fiber…

Start your day with a whole grain Start your day with a whole grain breakfast cereal; Oatmeal!breakfast cereal; Oatmeal!

Choose whole fruit instead of fruit juiceChoose whole fruit instead of fruit juice Eat 5 servings of fruit and vegetables a Eat 5 servings of fruit and vegetables a

day!day! Select high-fiber snacksSelect high-fiber snacks

Popcorn (no butter), raw veggies, nuts, Popcorn (no butter), raw veggies, nuts, apples, pears, peaches, plums (edible apples, pears, peaches, plums (edible skin)skin)