NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS IN 2009ČEZ, a. s., Division Generation

CEZ group

International Energy Agency World Energy Outlook 2009:

Nuclear power is one of the technologies that must be accelerated, promoted and relied upon if the world is to stabilise carbon dioxide emissions at an acceptable level.

content

introduction 2�preparation of a new nuclear build 4safety 8generation of electricity in the Czech Republic 12Dukovany nuclear power plant 14Temelín nuclear power plant 20maintenance – a new contractors system 26personnel 28nuclear fuel 30environmental protection 32international co-operation 34public relations 36

We are aware of the role nuclear power plants play in the economic results of CEZ, as well as in the stability of the power supply market, in the power security of the Czech Republic and in the process of reducing Czech dependence on imports of traditional primary power resources while domestic supplies of coal are becoming limited.

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DEar friEnDs,

ourexpectations,meetalldeadlines,keeptothebudgetandensuresafe,reliableandcompetitiveoperationofthenewreactorUnitsinthefuture.CEZalsoexploredthepossibil­ityofbuildingnuclearpowerplantsabroad.A contractwassignedagreeingtoforma newenterprisefocusingonthebuildingofoneortwonuclearpowerUnitsinJaslovskéBohunice.InMarch2009theEnergonuclear S. A.enter­prisewasfoundedinRomaniawithCEZasastockholder.Thiscompany’smaingoalistoprepareandsupervisetheprojectofcomple­tionoftheCernavodaNPP.ThetwocurrentlyoperatingCzechnuclearpowerplantsremainourtopmostprioritythough.Theiroutstandingperformancesignifi­cantlyimpactsontheeconomicresultsofthewholeCEZGroup. Inthepastfewyears,bothpowerplantslaunchedimportantprogrammesandprojects,aimedatfurtherimprovingtheefficiencyofgeneratorunitsandincreasingthesafetyofoperation.TheDukovanyNPPisundergoinga processofmodernization.Asa result,theoutputofUnit3increasedto500MWinMay2009.Inthenextthreeyears,weplantofinishthemodernizationprocessoftheremaininggeneratorUnits.Apartfromincreasingtheoutputofthepowerplant,wewouldliketoextenditsoperationbeyond2015.Thiswillhavea significanteconomicimpact.Thepowerplantmaintainsitsoutstand­ingresultsinoperationandsafetymeasures

amongnuclearpowerplantsworldwide.TheprogramofimprovingtheoperationofTemelínNPPprimarilyfocusedonthestabilizationofsafeoperationofallUnitsandtheoptimizationofrefuellingoutages.Aftera trialperiodfortestingnewfuel(tobeusedfrom2010),weplantousethedesignreservesoftheexistingreactorUnitstoincreasetheiroutput.Wealsolaunchedprogrammesaimedatimprovingtheperformanceofpersonnelofbothoperatingnuclearpowerplants.Wearedealingwithanacuteneedtoreplacethosewhowillretirewithqualifiedexperts,andtomaintainthepassingofimportantknowledgeontoyoungercolleagues.Thepreparationofnewnuclearunitconstructionhighlightsanadditionalneedfora largenumberofyoung,highlyprofessionalemployees,towhomweoffertheprospectiveofa stablejobandgreatcareeropportunities.In2010,bothournuclearpowerplantsaresettocelebrateimportantanniversaries.DukovanyNPPwillcelebrate25yearsofoperationofitsfirstunit.InTemelín,10yearswillhavepassedsincetheminimumoutputonthefirstreactorUnitwasachieved.Thisyearwillbefullofnewactivitiesaswellasa numberofprogramslaunchedpreviously.I firmlybelievethatitwillbea successfulone.

Vladimír HlavinkaExecutive Director of Division Genera tion and member of CEZ Board of Directors

Overthecourseofthepastyear,ourcompanyhastakenveryimportantstepstowardsfurtherimprovingtheefficiencyintheuseofnuclearpowerplantUnitsandtowardsgeneraldevelop­mentofthenuclearpowerindustry.WeareawareoftherolenuclearpowerplantsplayintheeconomicresultsofCEZ,aswellasinthestabilityofthepowersupplymarket,inthepowersecurityoftheCzechRepublicandintheprocessofreducingCzechdependenceonimportsoftraditionalprimarypowerresourceswhiledomesticsuppliesofcoalarebecominglimited.Nuclearpowerplantsarealsoanimpor­tantmeansforfulfillingthecommitmentoftheCzechRepublictoreduceitsCO2emissions.In2009,wecontinuedtopreparenewnuclearpowersources.IntheMid­year,weannouncedthecommissiontobuildtwonewgenerationunitsatTemelinNPP,fittedwithpressurisedwaterreactors–aswellasthepossibilityoffivemoreunitsinotherlocationsinEurope.Thesup­plierselectionprocesswaslaunchedaccordingtoa publiccommissionbill.TheThirdandFourthUnitsatTemelínNPPareexpectedtobefinishedin2020.Fortheplannedconstruction,wehaveaprefer­enceforacustom­suppliedprojectincludingconstructionandoperationlaunch,andofnuclearfuel.Werequirethesuppliertoownthefullintellectualrightstotheproject.Theselectionprocessisfullytransparenttoensurethattheselectedtechnologyandsupplierfulfil

introduction

Both Czech nuclear power plants boast a suitable location for new nuclear power Units. The natural conditions are sufficient, experts already work here, the infrastructure is appropriate and good relations with the public are maintained.

Petr Závodský, Director of Nuclear Construction Department

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preparation of a new nuclear build CEZ enters a new era

ConstruCtion of nEw powEr rEsourCEs, thE trEnD of Cutting Co2 EmissionsAllovertheworld,therenaissanceofnuclearpowerisenforcedbytheincreasingcostsofprimarypowerresourcesandtheefforttoreducegreenhousegasemissions,namelyCO2emissions.�Forreasonsofpowersafety,governmentsattemptnottobedependentona singlepowerresource(coalorgas,forexample)andthusona limitednumberofsuppliersofthesegoods.Instead,theytrytocombinethevarietyofresourcesina variedpowerresourceportfolio.Forthetimebeing,renewableresourcessuchassolarpower,windpower,hydropowerandbiomasscannotcoverourpowerneedsfortheforeseeablefuture.Nuclearpowerplantsproducevastamountsofclean,emission­freeelectricityandtheyarethusa coreelementofpowersystemsofmostdevelopedcountries.ForCEZGroup,too,thetransformationtolow­carbonpowerproductionisoneofitstoppriorities.Thisiswhyweplantoextendandmodernizeournuclearpowerplantsaswellasparticipateinnuclearpowerplantprojectsabroad.In2009,435nuclearpowerUnitsoperatedworldwide.Afurther53Unitsarebeingbuilt,mostlyinChina,India,RussiaandSouthKorea.InEurope,newUnitsarebeingbuiltinFrance,

FinlandandSlovakia.Afurther136Unitsareintheprocessofplanningandpreparation,forexampleinGreatBritain,USA,Japan,RomaniaandBulgaria.A numberofotherEuropeancountriessuchasSweden,Netherlands,Bel­giumandGermanyhaveextendedtheperiodofoperationoftheirnuclearpowerplantsandItaly,forexample,isseriouslyconsideringrenewingitsnuclearpowerplantprogramme.

prEparation of nEw nuClEar powEr projECts, milEstonEs

In2009,CEZcontinuedtopreparetheconstructionoftwofurtherreactorUnitsinTemelínNPP. OnApril12009,a newdepartmentNuclearPowerPlantConstructionwasfounded.ItsmaintaskistocoordinatethepreparationofnuclearpowerprojectsintheCzechRepublic(Temelín,Dukovany)andabroad(JaslovskéBohunice – Slovakia).BothCzechnuclearpowerplantsboasta suit­ablelocationfornewnuclearpowerunits.Thenaturalconditionsaresufficient:expertsalreadyworkhere,theinfrastructureisappropriateandgoodrelationswiththepublicaremaintained.Whencomparedtoanentirelynewconstruc­tionina newplace,extendingexistingnuclearpowerplantsemergesasmoreefficientandconsideratetowardsnatureandlandscape.

tEmElín npp

AtTemelín,anEIA(EnvironmentalImpactAssessment)isunderwaywhichseeksanindependentexpertstudywhichisrequiredtoreceivenecessarypermissions.AspartoftheEIA,theimpactoncitizenhealthaswellastheimpactonenvironmentisassessed.InFebruary2009,thefirststageofthedeclaratoryprocesswasfinished,andtheMinistryoftheEnvironmentreceivedcommentsfromtheCzechRepublic,GermanyandAustria – astheEIAprocessisinternational.Inthecourseof2009,explorationscontinuedonthelocation.Onthebasisoffieldresearch,basestudiesfortheEIAdocumentationwerecomposedandtheywillbesubmittedtotheCzechMinistryofEnvironment.In2009,talkswiththeauthoritiesoftheSouthBohemianRegionadvancedsignificantly,re­sultinginthesigningofa generalcollaborationcontractbetweenCEZandtheSouthBohe­mianRegionauthority.Basedonthiscontract,infrastructureinvestmentisplannedinconnec­tionwiththeextensionofTemelínNPP.OnAugust32009,CEZannounceda publicbidfortwonuclearpowerUnitsfittedwithpres­surizedwaterreactors.TherealoutputofeachofthereactorUnitsshouldbeover1000 MWe.Inthebid,thereisanoptionforuptothreesimilarnuclearpowerUnitsinotherpotentiallocationsinEurope.

Schematic�model�of�two�new�Units��at�Temelín�NPP

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OnOctober302009,threecompaniessubmittedtheirbids(AREVA,Westinghouseanda consortiumofŠkodaJS – Atomstroy­export – Gidropress).Thefinalselectionprocesswillbecarriedoutin2010–2011,accordingtopubliccommissionbill.

Dukovany npp

Inco­ordinationwiththeTemelínproject,feasi­bilitystudiesarebeingcarriedoutatDukovanyNPP,aimingtomapthepossibilityofextendingtheinstalledoutputonlocation.Resultsshowthatitwouldbepossibletoconstructonead­ditionalreactorUnitinthisarea;fieldresearchshouldculminatein2010.

intErnEt rEfErEnCE

Overviewofworldnuclearenergydevelopment:www.world­nuclear.org/info/reactors.html

DeclaratoryprocessforEIA:tomcat.cenia.cz/eia/detail.jsp?view=eia_cr&id=MZP230)

PublicbidfortwonuclearpowerUnits:www.isvzus.cz/usisvz/usisvz01009Prepare.do?znackaForm=6003460305001.

Overviewofworldpowerindustrydevelopment:www.worldenergyoutlook.org

“We create values safely” – is the first principle of our company culture. We consider Safety as one of the most important factors determining quality. It is our responsibility as well as our commitment.

Miroslav Holan, Director of Safety Department

8 | 9

InallpowerplantsoperatedbyCEZ,withspecialemphasisonnuclearpowerplants,wecarryoutregularevaluationsandinternalenquiriesaimedatensuringthemaximumpossiblesafetyoftechnologies,aswellasattheprotectionofourpersonnel,thepublic,andtheenvironment.Tofurtherimprovethesafetylevelsatourplants,weusea numberoftools.Amongourmostimportantactivitiesinthisfieldin2009were:Extensive research of safety culture – wereceivedvaluablefeedbackfromourem­ployees,theirassessmentandviewsofsafetyissues,Safety Policy update – corporatecommit­mentandtheexpectationsofthetopmanage­mentintermsofsafetywereupdatedina newtop­levelcompanydocument,Periodic Safety Review (PSR) – webeganpracticallyusingthenewsafetyassessmentprocessforevaluatingthestateoffacilities,projectandotherdocumentation,managementcontrolsystems,humanfactors,etc.,incompa­risonwiththebestworldwidepractice.PSR at Dukovany NPP(after20yearsof

operation) – intheprocessofimplementa­tionofcorrectivemeasures.PSR at Temelín NPP(after10yearsof

operation) – theevaluationprocesswascompleted.

Up-dating of probability risk assessment model – weimprovedthemethodofrisk

assessmentevaluationfornuclearpowerplantoperation.Safetyofnuclearpowerplantsisensuredina numberofstandardareassuchas:

nuClEar safEty

Withinthenuclearpowerplants,a systemofoperatingexperiencefeedbackiscon­sistentlyapplied.Alldomesticandforeignsafety­relatedeventsareanalyzedandusedtofurtherimprovethesafetyandreliabilityofoperation.Extendedsystemofoperationalsafetyandperformanceindicatorsisappliedtoevaluatethesafetyinallpossibleareas.Similarlytoworldwidepractice,safety­relatedeventsareclassifiedaccordingtotheseven­de­greeinternationalINESscale(InternationalNuclearEventScale).TheINES0andINES 1degreescoversmalldeviationsandeventsofthelowestsafetysignificancewithnoimpactonhumanhealthorthesafetyoftheenvironment.Fortwoyearsnow,ournuclearpowerplantshavebeenrunninga program“Achievingexcellenceinhumanperformance”(QLVprogram).Itsaimistooperatenuclearpowerplantswithoutsafety­relatedevents,toensureprofessionalisminourstaffperformance,andtopreventnegativeimpactofoperationonthesafety,environment,orhumanhealth.Tofollowtheefficiencyoftheprogramme, the

QLVindexwasintroduced,measuringtherelia­bilityofemployees(bothin­housestaffandex­ternalsuppliers)whencarryingoutcrucialtasks.

tEChniCal safEty

Inkeepingwiththeever­increasingrequire­mentsonequipmentsafety,theDivisionGenerationhasexpandeditsTechnicalSafetydepartment.Itsmaintaskistodefinetechnicalsafetyrulesandtocarryoutindependentcon­troloftechnologyandtechnicalrequirementsonequipment.Aninternalinspectionbodywasfounded(supervisedbytheStateOfficeforNu­clearSafety – SUJB),carryingoutindependent

safety

1���Number�of�Events�Classified�as�INES�1

 Dukovany NPP Temelín NPP

0 1 2 3 4

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Main�control�room�crew�during�the�Black-out�drill�at�the�simulator

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supervisionoftechnicalsafetyrequirements.Theoutputofthisdepartmentisalsosubmit­tedtothestateregulatorybodyinordertodocumenttechnicalsafetyofequipmentatCEZ’snuclearpowerplants.Intechnicalinspectionsofitsnuclearpowerplants,CEZutilizesthemostcontemporarymethodsofmeasurement,keepinginlinewiththelatestfindingsofscienceandtechnology.A recentexampleistheutilizationofhighlyadvancedphasedarraytechnologyinthecontrolofbladelocksoflow­pressurepartsofthe1000MWturbine.Thismethodcandetectpotentialmaterialdefectsincriticalareasearlyenoughtotakethenecessarymeasures.

raDiation protECtion

Bothnuclearpowerplantshaveconsistentlyshownverygoodperformanceinprotectionagainstionizingradiation.OneofmainindicatorsofefficiencyoftechnicalandorganizationalmeasuresdesignedtolimitpotentialirradiationofindividualsisanindicatorcalledCollectiveEffectiveDose(CED).CEDrepresentsthecumulativetotalinternalandexternalirradiationofallworkerswhoperformanyactivitiesintheradiation­controlledarea.IntermsofthelowvaluesofCED,bothnuclearpowerplantsoperatedbyCEZrankamongtheworldelite.In2009,thevaluesofCEDat

DukovanyNPPwere0.143SvperUnitand0.089SvperUnitatTemelínNPP. TheslightlyincreasedCEDvalueatDukovanyNPPisrelatedtotheextensivereconstructionofthereactorUnit3.ThelowvaluesofCEDdocumentthesuccessoftheCEZstrategytoproduceelectricityandheatfromnuclearresourcessafelyandefficiently.

Consideringeffluentsfromnuclearpowerplantsintothesurroundingenvironment,bothTemelínandDukovanyplantsareresourceswithminimalimpactontheenvironment.Forexample,thegaseouseffluentsreachedonlytenthsofa percentofthelevelsauthorizedbytheStateOfficeforNuclearSafety.Thistrendwasmaintainedsuccessfullyagainin2009.

2���Collective�Effective�Dose�(CED)(Sievert per Unit)

0,0 0,3 0,6 0,9 1,2 1,5

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009 Dukovany NPP Temelín NPP World – average

Rescue�of�an�injured�person�from�a cable�channel�during�a drill

Lowvaluesofthisindicatorinbothlocationsconfirmtheminimumimpactofnuclearpowerplants’operationonthesurroundingenviron­mentandonthepopulation.Atournuclearplants,weintroducedindividualelectronicdosimetry.Thistechnologyismoreadvancedthanthesystemusedpreviously(TLDandfilmdosimetry),anditwillfurtherimprovetheradiationprotectionlevels.

EmErgEnCy prEparEDnEss

In2009,a highlevelofemergencyprepared­nesswasconfirmedatbothofournuclearpowerplants,testifiedintheresultsofcontrolsandinspectionscarriedoutbytheStateOf­ficeforNuclearSafety.Inthecourseof2009,a totalof8emergencydrillsaimedtestingemergencyresponseatreactorUnitstookplace,includingtheemergencyresponseunitsoffueltransportfacilities.

physiCal protECtion

Intheframeworkofthe8thinternationalregionaltrainingatTemelínNPPinMarch2009,therepresentativesoftheInternationalAtomicEnergyAgency(IAEA)confirmedthephysicalprotectionsystemsatbothnuclearpowerplantsasa goodpractice.In2009,no

unauthorizedactivitywithradioactivematerialsorfacilities(oranysuchattempt)occurredatourplants.

firE protECtion

In2009,nofiresaffectingtechnologiesoc­curredatournuclearpowerplants.OnesmalleventattheDukovanyNPPwascausedbya short­circuiteddistributionframeofansmallelectricheateranditwasquicklyextinguishedbythepresentpersonnel.Healthorlivesofthepresentemployeeswerenotindangerandthesafeoperationofthenuclearreactorwasnotinanywaycompromised.Ourfirebrigadesparticipatedina numberofemergencyeventsoutsideofourplantsintheframeworkoftheintegratedemergencysystemoftheCzechRepublic.

inDustrial safEty

Formanyyearsina row,bothplantshaveundergoneanindependentreviewbytheStateOfficeofOccupationalHealthandSafety,denotingthemasa “SafeEnterprise”.Thereviewsconfirmeda functionalandefficientsystematbothnuclearpowerplants,leadingtoconsistentimprovementofoccupationalhealthandsafety.Byinternationalcomparison,

ourIndustrialSafetyaccidentrateisintheupperquartileandwecountamongthebest­performingpowerplantsintheworld.

 Temelín NPP – employees Temelín NPP – contractors

 Dukovany NPP – employees Dukovany NPP – contractors

3���Industrial�Safety�Accidents�of�Employees�and�Contractors�(number of accidents)

0 5 10 15 20

2003200420052006200720082009

0 5 10 15 20

2003200420052006200720082009

14 | 14    NEChTE SPOřIT SPOTřEbIčE12 | 13

power generation in the Czech Republic

5���Share�of�Installed�Capacity�and�Power�Generation�in�the�Czech�Republic�in�2009

 coal 60� nuclear 21� hydro and renewable 14� gas 5�

Installed�Capacity�17.994��MW��(percent)

 coal 59 nuclear 33� hydro and renewable 4� gas 4�

Power�Generation�82.2�million�MWh��(percent)

In2009,atotal82.2millionMWhofelectricitywasgeneratedintheCzechRepublic.33%wasgeneratedbynuclearpowerplantsatDukovanyandTemelín.Theirtotalinstalledcapacity3830 MWeconstitutes21%ofthetotalinstalledcapacityintheCzechRepublic.Thisresultsfromthefactthattheyarethemostexploitedplants,giventheirlowervariablecostswhencomparedtootherpowerresources.

trEnD of powEr gEnEration

Intheupcomingyears,theshareofnuclearpowerintheportfolioofCEZissettoincreasesteadily.Atbothplants,theincreaseofoutputandtotalgenerationisplannedthankstothemodernizationoftechnologyandtheoptimizationofoutages.

4��Generation�of�Electricity�in�the�Czech�Republic(million MWh)

 CR CEZ NPPs

0

20

40

60

80

100

2009200820072006200520042003

The electricity supplied by Dukovany NPP is relatively cheap, safe and reliable; the plant counts among 25 % best-performing power plants worldwide.

Zdeněk Linhart, Director of Dukovany NPP up to 31. 12. 2009

Tomáš Žák, Director of Dukovany NPP since 01. 01. 2010

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opEration

In2009,theyear’sproductionofDukovanyNPPwasthirdhighestinhistory.ItsfourreactorUnitsgenerated13,955,118MWhofelectricity,covering17%ofthetotalelectricityconsump­tionintheCzechRepublic.ThemostimportantaspectinachievingthisresultwasthereliableoperationoftheNPPandtheincreaseofout­putby4×16MWeowingtothemodernizationcarriedoutbetween2005and2008.Conti­nuingmodernizationpermittedtoincreasetheoutputofUnit3byfurther40 MWe.Whenalltheplannedmodernizationworksarefinished,theplantisexpectedtoreach4×500MWecapacity.In25yearsofoperation,Dukovany nuclearpowerplantgeneratedthetotalof308,106,966 MWhofelectricity.TheoperationcapabilityofUnitsisevaluatedbyUnitCapabilityFactor.In2009,thisindicatorreached85.29%surpassingtheworldwideaverageby4.4%.Forachievingthisresult,thelengthofoutagesplaysthemostimportantrole.

maintEnanCE

In2009,allfourreactorUnitsofDukovanyNPPunderwentrefuelingandoperationoutages.AtallUnits,allactivitiesplannedintheframeworkofmaintenance,testingandinspection

Dukovany nuclear power plant

6���Power�Generation�(million MWh)

0 3 6 9 12 15

198619871988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009

0 3 6 9 12 15

198619871988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

7���Unit�Capability�Factor(percent)

 Dukovany NPP World – average

Main�Control�Room�of�Unit�3�during��achievement�of��500�MWe�output

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programswerecompleted;thetotallengthofoutageswas195.1days.Themostcomplexoutage,onUnit3,took85days,duringwhichthefollowingprojectswerecarriedout: ReconstructionoftheI&Csystem(Modules

M3–M5), UseofdesignreservesofthereactorUnit, Reconstructionoftheelectricalprotection

system, RefuelingwithadvancedfueltypeGd–2M.ThesemodificationsallowedincreasetotheoutputofthereactorandtoreachthetotalcapacityoftheUnit3of500MWe.OneofthebasicindicatorsofmaintenanceefficiencyistheUnplannedCapacityLossFactor.Thevalueof0.59%atDukovanyNPPcountsamongthelowestintheworld(seepicture8).

invEstmEnt

Similartoprecedingyears,in2009,DukovanyNPPcontinuedtheprocessofimplementingseveralmajorinvestmentprojectsdesignedtoincreasetheefficiencyofpowergeneration. Reconstruction of the I&C system

divided into two projects: 1. Modules M1–M2, 2. Modules M3–M5.

M1 and M2 modulescoversthemodernizationofsafetyandinformationsystemsaswellastheimplementationofa newpost­accidentmonitoringsys­tem.TheM1andM2moduleswereimplementedgraduallyduringplannedoutagesbetween2002and2009andconstitutedthelargestinvestmentprojectatDukovanyNPP.

M3, M4 and M5 modules coversthereconstructionofautomaticsandcontrolcircuitsoftheprimaryandsecondarycircuits,includingtherepla­cementofoil­basedregulationoftheturbine.ItshouldbethefinalstepinthemodernizationoftheI&Csystemoftheplant.Actualimplementationbegan

in 2009duringtheplannedoutageofUnit 3andshouldcommenceontheremainingUnitsduringtheirplannedoutagesby2015.

Use of design reserves – theprocesscoversa numberofreplacementsoftechnologiessuchaspartsoftheturbines,thegeneratorunit,theUnittransformer,etc.withthegoalofimpro­vingefficiencyandincreasingtotalcapa­cityfromtheoriginal440MWetoapprox.500 MWe.

Reconstruction of the essential cooling water system – inallUnits,oldpipesoflargerdiameterarebeingreplacedwithnewsteelpipesinordertoprolongthelifespanofthepowerplant.

 Dukovany NPP World – average

0 1 2 3 4 5

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

8���Unplanned�Capacity�Loss�Factor(percent)

Dukovany�NPP�in�the�colourful��highland�countryside�

nEw programs anD projECts in Dukovany nppTheelectricitysuppliedbyDukovanyNPPisrelativelycheap,safeandreliable;theplantcountsamongthe25%best­performingpowerplantsworldwide.CEZisthusseekingwaystofurtherimproveitssafetyandefficiency.Thisisachievedbyprolongingthelifespanofthepowerplant,byincreasingitsoutputandbyimprovingpersonnelperformanceandmaintenance.Thisiswhywelauncheda numberofprogramsdesignedtofulfillthisobjective,namely:

Safely 16 Tera (EDU)ThegoalofthisCEZGroupkeyprojectistomaintainhighlevelsofsafetywhileproducing16TWhofelectricityina givenyear.Thisgoalistobefulfilledby2013.TheprojecttakesadvantageofnecessaryreplacementofpartsattheendoftheirlifespantoincreaseefficiencyandthecapacityoftheUnits,whilemakinguseofthedetailedknowledgeofthepowerplantwhenimprovingmaintenanceandreductionofoutagestime.

Main goals and expected benefits: Toachieveannualoutputof16TWh

post2013. ToincreasecapacityofallUnits(upto

500 MWe)bygradualmodernization.

Toimproveplanningandorganizationofoutages,andtocuttheaverageoutageby35 daysperyear(comparedto2007).

Toprovidehigh­qualitymaintenanceandtokeeptheUnplannedCapacityLossFactoratleastonthelevelof0.8%.

Tosurpassthe89%leveloftheUnitCapa­bilityFactor.

Oneofthecrucialconditionsoftheprojectistomaintainsafeoperationofthepowerplant

andtoremainamongthe25%best­performingnuclearpowerplantsworldwideaccordingtoWANOPerformanceIndicators.

Improving human performanceDuringoperationofournuclearplants,weplacegreatemphasisontheminimizationofinfluenceofhumanerror.Atbothnuclearpowerplants,specificprojectswerelaunchedtoachieveexcellenceinhumanperformance

9��Planned�Output�and�Unit�Capability�Factor�of�Dukovany�NPP�

12 500

13 500

14 500

15 500

16 50016 135

201320122011201020092008200782

84

86

88

90

92

94  Average Unit Capability (percent) Electricity production plan (GWh)

Exchange�of�the�generator�stator�at�Unit�3�of�Dukovany�NPP – as�a part�of�modernization��and�LTO�programs

View�to�the�turbine�hall�of�Dukovany�NPP,��Unit�3�during�the�outage

18 | 19   

(QLV)withrespecttothespecificneedsofeachNPP,consideringtheirlifespan.Thegoalistoimprovetheprofessionalismofouremployeesandsupplierswithspecialatten­tionpaidtosafetyandresponsibility.Alltasksshouldbecarriedoutwhenplannedandwithminimumfaults.ThehumanperformanceexcellenceprogramatDukovanyNPPisbasedonthefollowingfundamentals: Monitoringandregularevaluationofhuman

performancefactorinoperation, Adoptionofthenecessarymeasuresbased

ontheresultsofthemonitoring, Consistentuseofthe“humanerrorpre­

ventiontools”onpremises(strictuseofoperationaldocumentation,preliminarymeetingsbeforeimportantactivities,self­checking,permanentawareness,correctoperatingcommunication,independentcheck­ups,etc.),

Controlandmonitoringofthecorrectuseoftheabove­listedtoolsbymanagement,

Ongoingeducationofemployees;regularandrepeatedtrainingfocusedonhumanperformancefactoranderrorprevention

basedonthebestinternationalpracticesaswellasourownexperience,

UseoftheJust­in­timeandNearMisscontrolsystems,

Permanentimprovingofoperationaldocumentationbyaddingnewexperience,

Collaborationwithcolleaguesinotherde­partments.

Long-term-operation managementTheLong­Term­Operation(LTO)projectcountsamongthemostextensiveprojectsoftheCEZ Group. Itconsistsofapprox.230smallersub­projectswithcostsover14 billionCZK. Theircoordinationandcorrectimplementationfrom2009to2015isthebiggestchallengeoftheprojectasitinfluencesallactivitiesoftheDukovany NPP.Thegoaloftheprojectistopreparethepowerplanttooperatebeyonditsoriginaldesignedlifespan.Thismeansitneedstoreceiveopera­tionallicensepast2015andtofulfillconditionsneededtooperatetheplantuntil2035–2045.OnJanuary19,2009,theBoardofDirectorsratifiedthe“Long­term­operationstrategyof

DukovanyNPP”.Atthesametime,theprojectobjective“ProvidingthelicenseandreadinessofDukovanyNPPforoperationbetween2015and2025”wasratified.TheprojecthasbecometheeighthkeyinitiativeoftheCEZGroupEfficiencyprogram.ThisprogramconsidersallsafetyaspectsoftheLTOanditdefinesthenecessarymeasuresforfulfillingalltherequirementsoftheregulatorSUJBinordertoissuetheoperationlicenceforafter2015.ThecorrectapproachofDukovany NPPtowardstheLTOprogrampreparationwasconfirmedbyanIAEAreviewin2008.Atechnicalandeconomicfeasibilitystudyconfirmedtechnicalfeasibilityoftheplanaswellasitseconomicbenefits.Prolongingtheoperationofthepowerplantin2015–2025willbringsignificantoperationalprofitthatwillhelpfulfillthestrategicgoalsoftheCEZ Group.TheLTOprojectalsoconsistsofthehuman�resources�generationresumptiondesignedtomaintainqualifiedprofessionalsuntil2045,topreparepersonnelfornewUnitsaswellastokeeprequiredlevelofknowledgeandexperienceofinthepowerplant.

10��Long-Term-Operation�Management�Project;�Implementation�Stages,�Dukovany�NPP

20102008 2045204020352030202520202015

licensedoperation LTO+10years LTO+20years LTOoptimalizationendof

operation

LTOprojectLTOproject2016–2025

licence+10years licence+20years licencefollowingoptimalization

licenceondecommissioning

LTOprojectoptimization

decommissio­ningproject

1ststageofde­commissioning

The SAFELY 15 TERA project is the most important development activity of Temelín NPP. It is one of the eight key projects of the CEZ Group Efficiency program that aims to include CEZ Group among the most efficient European power companies by 2012.

Miloš Štěpanovský, Director of Temelín NPP

22 | 22    NEChTE SPOřIT SPOTřEbIčE20 | 21

opEration

In2006,thepowerplantshoweda recordperformanceinalltenyearsofitsoperation.Byproducing13.25millionMWhofelectricity,thepowerplantsurpassedtherecordoutputfrom2004(12.7million MWh)by0.56 million MWh.Thenumberofunplannedoutageswasreduced,theUnitsavailabilityincreasedandreached75.3%capacity.Similarlytolastyear,2009wasayearofimprovinghumanperformancecapabilitiesatTemelínNPPaswellasa yearofinvestmentsintofurtherimprovingthereliabilityoftechnologiesandincreasingthesafetyofthepowerplant.ThankstotheAchievingExcellenceinHumanPerformanceprogram(QLV),eventscausedbyhumanfactorwerecutbyfourtimeswhencomparedto2008.Theoperatingresultswerealsoimprovedthankstothemodernizationofthehigh­pressurepartsofturbinescarriedoutinthepastyears – itimprovedtheefficiencyofpowerproduction.Also,thelengthoftheplannedrefuelingoutageonUnit2wasreduced.SincethelaunchofoperationofTemelínNPPinDecember2000,itsreactorUnitshasgener­atedthetotalof92,032,514MWhofelectricity.Atthesametime,theplantsuppliesheattothenearbytownofTýnnadVltavouandtothefacilitiesintheplant’spremises.In thecourseof2009,itsupplied171,181GJofheattoits

Temelín nuclear power plant

0 3 6 9 12 15

20022003200420052006200720082009

11���Power�generation(million MWh)

12���Unit�Capability�Factor(percent)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009  Temelín NPP World average

Construction�of�the�Spent�Fuel�Storageat�Temelín�NPP�was�launched�in�March�2009.

Start�of�operation�is�planned�in�2010.

24 | 24    NEChTE SPOřIT SPOTřEbIčE22 | 23

customers.Despitethesesatisfactoryresults,thecapabilityofthepowerplantcouldbefur­therexploited.Theoperationalindicatorshavea potentialforimprovement,mainlythroughimprovingthereliabilityoftechnologiesandthecuttingofplannedrefuelingoutages.Recently,theoperationoftheplanthasstabilized,asin­dicatedbypositivequalitativeresults.TheUnitCapabilityFactor(WANOperformanceindica­tor)hasreachedthelevelof75.58%(averageofbothTemelínUnits)in 2009.

maintEnanCE

In2009,bothUnitsunderwentplannedrefuelingoutages.Duringthese,a numberofinvestmentactivitieswerecarriedout.Forexample,bladesoffiveoutofsixturbinelow­pressurerotorswerediagnosedandreplacedinreactiontoabreakagethatoccurredin2008.Also,a technicallychallengingmodificationofthepressurevesselinthereactorofUnit1wascarriedout.Thescopeofcarriedoutactivities,equipmentreliabilityandthenewsystemofmaintenanceorganizationcausedsomeworktolastlongerthanexpected.WehadtorepeatpressuretestsatbothreactorUnitsandatUnit1weresolvedanissuewiththeturbine­generatorunit.Thetotallengthofoutageswas162.6daysin2009.

Intermsofequipmentfaultrate,lastyearwassuccessful.Theplantreachedalevelof1.75%,showinganimprovingtrendeversincethebeginningofTemelinNPPoperation.

invEstmEnt

Inlinewiththegoaltofurtherimprovetheperformanceofthepowerplant,a numberofinvestmentprojectswerecarriedoutin2009aimedatincreasingthenuclearsafetylevelsaswellasthereliabilityofthepowergeneration.Mostimportantactivitiesin2009:

Replacement of low-pressure flow parts of the turbine 1000 MW – thenewpartswillimprovethesafetyandreliabilityofthelow­pressureturbine,thusincreasingthethermo­dynamicefficiency(andboostingtheoutputoftheturbinesystembyapprox.22 MWeperturbine).Theturbinesystemwillbepreparedfortheconsideredincreasednominalheatoutputofthereactors.Inthecourseoftheyear,thisprojectwasintheprocessofpreparationandcontractsweresignedtocarryoutthereplacementintheupcomingyears.

Modernization of refueling machines at both reactor Units – adjustmentof

13���Length�of�Planned�Outages�(Temelín�1,�2)(total days)

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009  Planned  Actual

Quality�of�reactor�vessel�internal�surface��is�regularly�monitored

theexistingrods,replacementofthetelescopicrod,cablesanddrivingunit.ThereplacementprocesswascompletedonbothUnits.

Reconstruction of the portal jib crane SKET 320 t – replacementofthecontrolsystemofthecranewhichwillpermitthesynchronizationofparallelrunningofbothdrivers,160t+2×70t,usedinthetransportofcassettesforspentfuel.

Replacement of arc-flash protection system at the 6 kV switch rooms –re­placementofa setofshort­circuitflashprotectionelementsin6kVswitchroomsconsistingofopticalcableloopssensitivetothelightflashalongfulllengthofthecablewascarriedout.Thereplacementwasmostlycarriedoutin2008anditwasfinishedin2009.

Replacement of protection systems of the generator and self-consumption supply at Unit 1.

Spent fuel storage facility – in2009,thepreparationofthespentfuelstoragefacilitycontinuedaccordingtotheplanthatcountswiththelaunchofoperationofthefacilityin2010.Theconstructionofthestoragefacilitybegun,thefirstpackagingsetsweremanufactured,andtheprocessofauthorizationbytheStateOfficeforNuclearSafetycontinuedasplanned.

safEly 15 tEra projECt

TheSAFELY15TERAprojectlaunchedin2007isthemostimportantdevelopmentactivityofTemelínNPP. ItisoneoftheeightkeyprojectsoftheCEZGroupEfficiencyprogramthataimstoincludeCEZGroupamongthemostefficientEuropeanpowercompaniesby2012.ThemaingoaloftheSAFELY15TERAprojectistoimprovesafetyindicators,toincreaseavailabilityandtoreducefaultrateoftechnologies.Theprojectalsoaimstoimproveinternalcommunicationandtoimprovetheawarenessofalldepartmentsincludingthoseoutsidetheinfluenceofthedirectorofthepowerplant.Fiveareasofpossibleimprovementweremappedandthegoals,resources,possiblerisksandresponsiblepersonnelweredefined.Asa whole,theprojectaimstofulfillthefollowingsafety,reliabilityandgenerationefficiencygoals:1. Selected safety indicators will reach

a mark comparable with 25% of best-performing nuclear power plants worldwide by the end of 2010.

2. The yearly output of Temelín NPP will surpass the benchmark of 15 TWh in 2012 and will be able to maintain the value for the following 30 years (reliability indicators).

TheSAFELY15TERAprojectconsistsofthefollowingsub­projects:

EquipmentThegoalofthisprojectistoimprovetheequipmentandtechnologiesofthepowerplantsoastoprovidesafeandreliableoperationwithhighcapabilityandtheoutputof15TWhperyear.Theprojectcoverseightareas: Increasingthereliabilityofnuclearfuel

(new,improvedfuelfroma newsupplierTVEL).

Replacementofthehigh­pressurepartsoftheturbine(finished).

Reductionofvibrationsoftheturbinesupplypipelines(finished).

Maintainingthelong­termreliableoperationofcontainments(carriedoutaccordingtoplan).

Optimizationofoutages:a newstrategyofoutageorganization,increasedcapabilityofUnits,changedperiodicityofcontrolchecksforimportantequipmentandthereductionofoutagelengthafter2010(fulfilledcontinually).

Investments(reconstructionoftherefuelingmachines,reconstructionoftheportaljibcrane,replacementofprotectionsystemsofthegeneratoroutputsystemandofthe6kVswitchrooms).Transformersmonitoringsystemwasinstalled(finished).

View�to�the�Temelín�NPP�turbine�hall��during�outage;�exchange�of�the��low-pressure�parts�of�the�turbine.

Reactor�hall�of�Unit�2�during�refueling��outage.�Outages�are�opportunities�for��

a number�of�tests.

26 | 26    NEChTE SPOřIT SPOTřEbIčE24 | 25

Replacementoflinearstep­motorsandpositionindicatorsonreactorcontrolrods(plannedimplementation2011and2012).

Equipmentreliabilityanalyses(underway).

Organization and ManagementInthisarea,theprocessmanagementsystemofthepowerplantisbeingoptimizedandnewsoftwaretoolsforsupportofactivitiesandoutagemanagementarebeingbuilt.Animportantstepinthisdirectionwasthelaunchofthecommunicationcoordinationsystemandtheautomaticenquirysystemfororganizationofoutages.Theseapplicationshelpimprovetheefficiencyofoutagepreparationandmanagement.Newshiftmaintenanceco­ordinatorpositionsweredeployed;thetaskoftheseworkersbeingtocoordinateactivitiesduringoutages.Theeffortoftheteamfurtherfocusesonthecreationofconceptuallong­termmanagementsystem.A conceptualmanagementboardwasfoundedandthesystemforevaluatingefficiencyofprocessesandoperationindicatorsisbeingdeveloped.

Suppliers – partnership projectTheprojectisfocusedonparticipationofsup­pliersinsolvingproblemsatthepowerplantrelatedtoworksunderway,insharingthesafetycultureandvaluesandtheirmotivationinthesafeandreliableoperationofthepowerplant.Thisprojectincludesthefollowingactivities: Revisionofshareddocumentation, Regularsupplierstraining, Jointworkmeetingsofemployees,

managementandsuppliers, Gradualimplementationoftheimprovinghu­

manperformanceprojectwithkeysuppliers, Evaluationandfeedbackofimportant

operation­relatedevents, Knowledgemanagementsystemin

collaborationwithsupplierswaslaunched, Newsparepartssupplysystemforrepairs

isbeingimplemented(a newsuppliersystem).

Personnel – we are building a professional teamThepriorityofthisprojectistoimprovehumanperformance.Inthepastthemainfocuslayinmaintenanceandmodernizationofequipment.Now,thetimeforinvestmentintothereliabilityofthehumanperformancehascome.Thistaskwillbefocussedonchangeofattitudetomistakesandhumanfailures,whichmustbeperceivedasanopportunityforlearning.ThisiswhattheAchievingexcellence

inhumanperformanceprogramisaimedat.Itisa logicalnextstepinthepathtowardsimprovedreliabilityandsafetyofTemelínNPPoperation.Itwillusetechniquesandprocedureswhichwillhelppreventhumanerrorortodiscoveritintime.In2009,alldepartmentsweretominimizehuman­errorrelatedevents,bothintermsoftheemployeesofthepowerplantandofsuppliers.A co­ordinationteamconsistingofthepowerplant’smanagementco­ordinatedthiseffort.For2009,thecriteriaforthesuccessfulfulfillingoftheprogramwereset.Oneoftheindicatorsofthesuccessoftheprogramwasthedecreasingnumberofeventswithrootcausebeingtheworkpracticesofthepersonnel,whencomparedto2008.Insupportoftheprogram,itssub­projectincludedseveralfurtheractivitiesinthetrainingandknowledge�managementareas.Themaingoalofknowledgemanagementistoensuresharingofknowledgeandpreservationofimportantinformationandexperienceamongtheemployeesofthepowerplant.

CommunicationThisprojectaimstopresentTemelínNPPtothebroadpublicasa safe,continuallyimprov­ingpowerplant.Inthesecondparttheprojectanalyzesandoptimizesinternalcommunica­tiontoolsinordertomakecommunicationamongemployeesmoreefficient.

0 50 100 150 200 250

2006200720082009

14���Loss�of�Generation�Caused�by�Human�Factor(thousand MWh)

28 | 28    NEChTE SPOřIT SPOTřEbIčE26 | 27

Workers�of�EGE�s.r.o.�(sub-contractor�of�I & C�Energo)�assembly�encapsulated�power�outlet�from�the�reactor�Unit�of�Dukovany�NPP

LastyearanewAssetManagementsystemwaslaunchedatbothCEZ’snuclearpowerplants.Thesystemisdesignedtostrengthensupplierresponsibilityforthecomplexmanagementoflogicalpartsoftechnologyanditmotivatessupplierstofulfillsafetyrequirementsandselectedtechnicalparametersofthemaintainedfacility.Inconnectionwiththisproject,theinterfacebetweenCEZandsuppliersforthemaintenanceoflogicalpartsoftechnologywasunified.Basedona selectionprocesscarriedoutin2009andnewsupplycontractssigned,thenewassetmanagementsystemwasimplementedinmosttechnologiesinthefollowingfiveimportantlogicalparts: REACTORBUILDING – ŠkodaJS, a.s. TURBINEBUILDING – ŠkodaPower, a.s. OUTSIDEFACILITIES – ČEZEnergoservis,

s. r. o. ELECTRICALSYSTEMS – I & CEnergo, a.s. I&CSYSTEMS – I & CEnergo, a.s.

Inclosecollaborationwiththesesuppliers,a ConceptualMaintenanceProgramwasdesigned,usedasa basisforeconomicandtechnicalspecificationofmaintenanceworksplannedin2010.GreatattentionwaspaidtotheprogramofAchievingexcellenceinhumanperformanceaimedatreducingriskinworker’sbehaviourandrepeatedfaultsofcriticalandcomponentsequipment.

asset managementa new maintenance system

30 | 30    NEChTE SPOřIT SPOTřEbIčE28 | 29

OwingtotheplannedrenewalofexistingUnitsandconstructionofnewones,oneofprioritiesoftheHRdepartmentwastherecruitmentofemployees.InTemelín,25 newemployeeswerehiredtojointheDivisionInvestment,responsibleforthebuildingofnewreactorUnits,and22employeeswerehiredtojointheDivisionGenerationwheretheywilltraintooperatethenewnuclearpowerUnits.InordertobuiltUnit3and4intheTemelínlocation,a largenumberofnewexpertswillbehiredandtrainedin2010–2020(365).SimilarscopeofrecruitmentisplannedfortheDukovanyNPP.Inaddition,thereisa needforemployeegenerationresumptionatDukovanyNPP. Atpresent,theaverageageofemployeesis48years;from2018to2028halfoftheemployeeswillretire(seechart15).Takenthetimeneededtoeducateandtrainnewexperts,bothpowerplantshavebegunrecruitingnow.Closecollaborationwith24secondaryschoolsbegun: 11inthesurroundingsofTemelínand13intheDukovanyarea.Moreover,wecollaboratewithelevenfacultiesoftechnicaluniversitiesthroughouttheCzechRepublic.Weparticipateinjobfairsandcorporateopendaysatuniversities.Fortechnicallyorientedsecondaryschoolanduniversitystudentsinterestedintheprogram,weofferfull­dayfieldtripsandworkshops.In2009,overa thousandyoung

peopleinterestedinnuclearpowercareerstookpartintheseevents.Inspring,bothpowerplantsorganizedso­calledAtomic�Graduations,a three­dayseriesoflecturesandinternshipsonthepremisesofbothnuclearpowerplantsdesignatedforsecondaryschoolsstudents.Intheend,thestudentstooka testsimilartotheonetheytakeduringa realgraduation.Theeventhadaverypositivefeedbackbothfromstudentsthemselvesandfromtheirteachers.AtTemelínNPP,80studentsandteacherstookpart;atDukovany,45studentsandteachersattended.SimilareventaimedatuniversitystudentswasourSummer�University.SummerUniversitywasa two­weekcourseandattendeesgainbroadknowledgeabouttheoperationofnuclearpowerplantsandrelatedfacilities.Duringa tourofthepowerplant,theyhadtheopportunitytoseetheUnitsduringoperationandalsoduringanoutage.Forstudentsof

technicaluniversities,thisconstitutesveryinterestingandwelcomeexperienceanditmayinfluencetheminchoosingtheirfuturecareer.Foruniversitystudentswhowouldliketobecomesecondarycircuitoperators,welauncheda scholarshipprogram;throughthisscholarship,thestudentsreceivethesecurityofaninterestingcareerofthe NPPoperatorwhiletheystillstudy.AttheSecondarySchoolinTřebíč,a newprogramfor30studentscalledPOWERENERGYhasbeenopenedintheacademicyear2009/2010.ThepatronsoftheprogramaretheregionalauthoritiesoftheVysočinaregionandtheCEZGroup. Similarly,inSezimovoÚstíata college(secondarytechnicalschool)a newstudyprogramwaslaunchedforthefirstsemesterstudyofTechnicalUniversity,facultyofmachineryandelectricalengineering.

personnel

15���Number�of�Employees�to�Retire�at�Dukovany�NPP,�as�of�30. 09.�2009

0102030405060

205020452040203520302025202120152010

32 | 32    NEChTE SPOřIT SPOTřEbIčE30 | 31

Testing�of�equipment�in�the�reactor�hall�of�Temelín�NPP�during�outages.

Nuclearfuelisthecrucialcommoditynecessa­ryforproducingnuclearpower.Inthisrespect,theyear2009wasa breakthrough.Inconnec­tionwiththeincreaseofcapacityfrom440to500MW,Unit3oftheDukovanyNPPfinishedthetransformationtomoreadvancedfuel.IntheupcomingyearsthesametransformationawaitsthethreeremainingreactorUnits.Eversincethebeginningofoperation,Duko­vanyplanthasbeenusingfuelsuppliedbytheRussiancompanyTVEL. Overtheyears,thefuelunderwentsignificantevolution.Theoriginalfuelwasenrichedto3.6%U235,itwasreplacedinthree­yearcycles,anditsaverageburn­outvaluewas30MWd/kgU. Gradually,theneutronlosswaslimitedandtheenrich­mentincreasedto3.8%U235.Next,theenrichmentwasfurtherincreasedto4.25and4.38%U235andthefuelassemblieswerefit­tedwitha burn­outabsorber.IncreasedweightofUraniuminthefuelassemblypermittedtoprolongtheburn­outcycletofiveyears.Inpracticethismeansthateveryyearonly1/5ofthetotalamountoffuelassembliesneedtobereplaced,only72 assembliesperreactorUnitperyear.Inthefive­yearcycle,theaver­ageburn­outvaluenowincreasedtoupto51 MWd/kgU.Anotherimportanteffectofthischangeisthedramaticdropinthegenerationofspentfuelfromtheinitial114fuelassembliestoonly72 assembliesperreactorUnitperyear,

whichleadstosignificantstoragesavings.Theburn­outabsorbersreducedtheproductionofTritiumby20%.Campaignsincreasedfrom300to330effectivedaysandasa result,theusageofinstalledoutputaswelltheproductioncapacityfurtherincreased.AtTemelínNPP,thecontractwithAmericansupplierWestinghouseranoutlastyear.Intheensuingselectionprocedure,theRussian

supplierTVELwasselected.Nowtheplantispreparingforthenewfuel.BothUnitswillrefuelthefullsetoffuelatonce;atUnit1,thiswillbecarriedonin2010,atUnit2,theprocesswilltakeplacein2011.AtthesametimesimilarmeasuresasatDukovanyarebeingtakenatTemelíninordertoincreasetheoutputofbothUnits.Thenewfuelfulfilsallrequirementsfortheincreaseoftheoutput.

nuclear fuel

34 | 34    NEChTE SPOřIT SPOTřEbIčE32 | 33

Nuclearpowerplantscountamongthemostenvironment­consideratepowergenerationresources.Intheiroperationnogreenhousegasesareproducedandtheydonotconsumenon­recoverablerawmaterials(oil,coal).Ifnu­clearpowerplantsweremissingintheCzechpowerportfolio,theemissionsofCO2aswellastheconsumptionofcoalwouldincreaseby77%ifweweretomaintainthesameamountofelectricityanda similarcompositionofotherproductionmeanswithaverageemissions111kgofCO2/GJ(seepicture16).TheemissionsofCO2arefurtherreducedbyusingofdesignreservesofpoweratpresentnuclearpowerplants.AtDukovanyNPP,anEnvironmentalManagementSystem(EMS)wascertifiedin2001,atTemelínNPPin2004.Theprogramisbasedontheprincipleofpreventionandconstantimprovementoftheenvironmentprotection.In2007,thesystemwasre­certifiedandin2009,regularEMSauditswerecarriedoutsuccessfullyatbothnuclearpowerplants.

wastE managEmEnt

Materialsandwastetestedtobevirtuallyfreeofradio­nuclidesissubsequentlyreleasedintotheenvironmentunderstrictcontrolandrecycledasmuchaspossible.Wastefromtheoperationofnuclearpower

plantsisbitumenizedorpressedanditisdepositedintotheRadioactiveWasteStorageFacility(URAO)atDukovanywhereitissafelyseparatedfromthesurroundingenvironment.TheRadioactiveWasteStorageFacilityatDukovanyhassufficientcapacitynotonlyforthedisposalofalltheradioactivewasteproducedduringtheoperationoftheNPPs,italsoallowsthesafedepositionofwastewhichwillbeproducedasa resultoftheirdecommissioning. Bytheendof2009,15outofthetotalnumberof112cellswerefilledup(seepicture17).

environment protection

EMS�Certificates

17���Filling�of�Rad�Waste�Depository(total 112 cells)

 filled until 2008 13 filled in 2009 2 empty 97

16���CO2�Emissions�and�Coal�Consumption(million tons)

 CO2 emissions coal consumption

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

bez JE

s JEwith NPPs

without NPPs

36 | 36    NEChTE SPOřIT SPOTřEbIčE34 | 35

WANO�Peer�Review�at�Dukovany�NPP,�at�the�turbine�hall

Traditionally,Czechnuclearpowerplantsmaintainstronginternationalrelations.Wecollaboratewithforeignbodiesinavarietyofways,throughactivemembershipininter­nationalorganizationssuchasIAEA,WANO,FORATOM,EURATOM,WNA,Eurelectric,OECDNEAandothersthatruna varietyofnuclearinternationalprograms.Thankstothis,bothnuclearpowerplantshaveaccesstotechnicalinformationandknow­howandtheycanfollowthemostrecentprofessionaltrendsandevolutionofnuclearindustry.TheworldwideWANOnetworkallowstheparticipantstoshareinformationwithhundredsofothers.Activeparticipationinitsprogramsshowsthebestworldwidepracticesandallowsthebenchmarkingofsafetyindicatorswithotherpowerplantsworldwide.WecaninviteforeignexpertsfortechnicalsupportmissionsorhaveourplantsreviewedbytheWANOPeerRevieworbytheOSARTmission(a reviewrunbyIAEA).In2009,a numberofeventswithparticipatingexpertsfromabroadtookplace: Internationalregionaltraininginphysical

protectionatTemelínNPP, WANOPeerReviewFollow­upatDukovany

NPPwhichreviewedeightkeyareasofoperationandprovidedtheplant’semployeeswithvaluablefeedback,

WANOworkshopsformanagementatDukovanyandTemelín,topicssuchas

„Self­assessment“(a lecturerfromBritishEnergy,UK)and„S­AandCorrectivemeasures“(lecturersfromWANO­AC,USA),

ExpertworkshopatTemelínNPPon„NuclearFuelRodCladdingMonitoringandEvaluation“(professionalsfromsevencountriesparticipated),

IAEAKnowledgeManagementworkshopat TemelínNPP.

Apartfromthis,bothCzechnuclearpowerplantsmaintaincloserelationswithforeignpartnernuclearpowerplants.Thisallowsa directexchangeofinformationviae­mail,

technicalenquiries,benchmarkingortechnicalvisitsofsimilarfacilities.WecollaboratewithnuclearpowerplantsinSlovakia,Hungary,France,USA,Russia,UkraineandFinland.CEZisalsoactiveinthecountriesofCentralandSouth­EastEurope – Poland,Romania,Bulgaria,andtheBalkans.

international relations

38 | 38    NEChTE SPOřIT SPOTřEbIčE36 | 37

public relationswe help where we operate

Fora longtimenow,therelationswithsur­roundingcommunitiesofbothournuclearpowerplantshasevolvedsuccessfullyanddisplayedgoodneighbourhoodpractices.Thepublicbecomesa truepartnerofthenuclearpowerfacility.Apartfromongoing,opencom­municationwiththepublic,thepowerplantssupportnumerousvaluableprojectsrelatedtoculture,travel,sportsandcommunitylifeinthesurroundingcommunities.Thecitizens,inturn,supportthepowerplants,theiroperationandthepossibilityofnewconstruction.Informationcentersofbothpowerplantsplayanimportantroleinimprovingnuclearpowerawarenessandtheyaremostlyvisitedbyyoungpeople.In2009,theDukovanyinformationcenterwelcomedits400,000th visitorsinceitopenedfifteenyearsago.TheinformationcenterofTemelínwelcomed28,240visitorslastyear.Outofthisnumber,1,640wereforeignersand6,280peoplehada chancetovisitinternalpremisesofthenuclearpowerplant.TheTemelínNPPisa popularvenueforweddingsaswell;theinformationcenterlocatedintheVysokýHrádekcastlehostedits9thweddingceremonyin2009.SinceAugust2009,theinformationcenterofTemelínNPPoffersa guided,sound­basedtourforvisuallyimpairedpeople.InconnectionwiththeplannedconstructionofnewUnits,bothinformationcentersplananupdateoftheirdisplays.

TheregionalauthoritiesinbothDukovanyandTemelínareashavecontinuedtheirpositiveapproachtobothfacilities.InthebeginningofApril2009,theauthoritiesoftheSouthBohemiaRegionauthorizedthefuturebuildingoftwofurtherUnitsinTemelínlocation,andgeneralcollaborationagreementbetweenCEZandtheSouthBohemianRegionwassigned.InthecourseoftheupcomingtenyearsCEZwillsupportthedevelopmentintheareathroughtheconstructionofnewinfrastructure,newlivingfacilitiesandalsoitwillsupporta numberofculturalandsportsevents.

Similaragreementhasbeensignedwithtownsandvillagesintheclosesurroundingsofbothournuclearpowerplants.TýnnadVltavou,Dříteň,VšemysliceandOlešníkintheproximityofTemelínNPP,andDukovany,Rouchovany,Mohelno,Slavětice,RešiceandHorníDubňanynearDukovanyNPPcanthusinvestina numberoflocaldevelopmentprojects.TheycanalsoreceivemoresupportfromEuropeanUnionfunds.Traditionally,theVysočinaregionsupportstheoperationanddevelopmentofDukovanyNPP.At theendof2009,talksadvancedaboutfurthercollaborationbetweentheregional

In�2010,�Dukovany�NPP�will�celebrate�25�years�of�safe�and�reliable�operation.�The milestones�of�its�history�are�the�following:

April�30,�1970 Decisiontobuildtworeactors2×VVER440,230model1975 Projectwasredesignedtobuildfourmoreadvancedreactors

4×VVER 440,newer213model1982 ReactorvesselwasinstalledatUnit1December�31,�1984 Unit1wasfirstfueledwithnuclearfuelFebruary�12,�1985,�23:21 MinimumcontrollablepowerachievedMay�5,�1985 Reactorreached100%power,startofUnit1trialoperation1986 StartofUnit2operation1987� StartofUnits3andUnit4operation

“Orange�Ride” – CEZ�supports�the�regions��of�its�power�plants�by�organizing�cultural��

and�sport�events

40 | 40    NEChTE SPOřIT SPOTřEbIčE38 | 39

authoritiesandCEZ. Thetalkswillcontinuein2010,the25thanniversarysincethelaunchofoperationofUnit1atDukovany.Nuclearpowerplantssupportalsoothertownsandvillagesintheirsurroundings.Forfourthyearina row,theOrangeYearprojectcontinued,dedicatedtothedevelopmentofanactiveculturalandsociallifeandsportsinthecommunities.In2009,wesupportedoldprojectsbutalsolaunchednewones.Oneofthenewactivitiesistheconstructionofa bicyclingpathfromHlubokánadVltavoutoTýnnadVltavou.Thepathisunderconstructionnow.ThepartnearHlubokáissettobefinishedthisyearanditistocontinuetoTýnnadVltavou.NearDukovanyNPP,weinitiateda studyfora „Energybicyclingpath“Třebíč – Dalešicehydropowerplant – DukovanyNPP.Insucha waybothpowerplantsactivelysup­porttourismintheirattractivesurroundings.

CZECh publiC opinion about nuClEar powEr

Publicopinionpollsfirststartedin1994,thelastpolltookplaceinMarch2009andover1200Czechcitizensovertheageof18participated.Selectedtopicsincluded:powerstrategyoftheCzechRepublic,developmentofnuclearpowerintheCzechRepublic,the

18���Are�you�personally�in�favour�of�nuclear�power�development�in�our�country?(percent)

 Definitely Yes + more likely Yes Definitely Yes

Source: STEM, trends 1994–2009

0

20

40

60

80

20092008200720066/20051/200520042003200211/20014/200120001999

Czech�famous�sportsmen�visiting�Temelín�NPP��in�occasion�of�the�“5th Temelin�Olympic�Games”

19���Public�Support�for Nuclear�Power(percent)

viewsaboutTemelínNPPandawarenessofpublicaboutnuclearpower.Approximately70%ofpeoplerespondedthattheyareinfavouroffurtherdevelopmentofnuclearpowerintheCzechRepublic.Thisconstitutesa 4%riseinsupportfromthelastyear.

Mainargumentsfornuclearpowerdevelopment: Drawbacksofcoalminingandburning –

84%ofcitizens Dependenceonoilandgasimports – 88%

ofcitizens Greenhousegasemissionsfromcoal­fueled

powerplants – 79%ofcitizens

AhalfofCzechpopulationbelievethatnuclearpowerdevelopmentisnecessaryandnuclearpowerisirreplaceable.

ConClusion

1.Accordingtomostcitizens,powerstrategyoftheCzechRepublicmuststriveforpowerenergyindependenceandthepossibilitytochooseourownpowerstrategy.

2.By2030,thebiggestshareofCzechpowerproductionshouldbecoveredbynuclearpowerplants(51%ofcitizensbelieve)orrenewableresources(36%ofcitizensbelieve).

3.About70%ofcitizenssupportthedevelopmentofnuclearpower.

4.OverthreequartersofcitizensthinkthatTemelínNPPissafeandcomparabletoothernuclearpowerplantsworldwide.

5.Ina referendumaboutthenewconstructionofnuclearpowerUnits,69%ofcitizenswouldagree.Itislikelythatover70%ofcitizenswouldparticipateinthereferendum.

6.Overa halfofCzechcitizensthinkthattheoperatorofTemelínNPPisopenandcommunicative,butmostcitizensstillclaimtheydonotreceiveenoughinformationaboutitsoperation.

 for nuclear power, it is irreplaceable 52 for nuclear power, but it could be replaced 19 against nuclear power, but it is irreplaceable 6 against nuclear power, it could be replaced 23

Source: STEM, survey 3/2009, 1,276 respondents over the age of 18

tErritorial aCtivitiEs of CEZ group

Budapešť

Bělehrad

VaršavaAmsterdam

Mnichov

Sofie Istanbul

Sarajevo

Tirana

Bratislava

Praha

ťšerukuB

42 | 42    NEChTE SPOřIT SPOTřEbIčE

 countriesofconditionalinterest ● activesubsidiaries trading power­relatedoperations

44 | 44    NEChTE SPOřIT SPOTřEbIčE

Nuclear power plants in 2009

© 2010, ČEZ, a. s., Division Generation

Chief editor: Zbyněk Grunda, International Relations Manager. Board of Editors: M. Vilím, G. Říhová, P. Foltýn, J. Smíšek, P. Závodský, R. Gajdoš, E. Šťastová, J. Tyc, N. Bílá, L. Dubský, A. Rottenbornová, J. Sedlák, M. Svozil, P. Spilka, F. Kostiha, R. Šula, R. Křivánek, J. Horáková, P. Šimák, F. Prokop, T. Polák