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8/3/2019 Nuclear Power in Pakistan
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Nuclear Power In Pakistan
By:
Shahrukh Saleem
M.Sc Electrical Power
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Synopsis
Pakistan is the 7th nuclear weapon state and nuclearpower.
As of 2009, the nuclear power plants make up to 2.4%share of the total generation, where the electricity made
by fossil fuel (coal, gas & oil) is 65.2 % and 33.9% of itis from the Hydro power.
At present, Pakistan has two nuclear reactors of 425MW power to generate electricity. The third nuclearreactor will be operational in mid-2010.
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) isresponsible for all nuclear energy and researchapplications in the country.
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Generation Share In Pakistan
2.40%
65.20
%
33.90
%
1
2
3
Generation Share in Pakistan
Nuclear Generation
Thermal Generation
Hydel Generation
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Civilian Nuclear Program
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Brief Introduction
Pakistans first nuclear power reactor is a small (125MWe) Canadian pressurized heavy water reactor(PHWR) which started up in 1971 and which is underinternational safeguards KANUPP near Karachi,which is operated at reduced power. KANUPP-2 and
KANUPP-3 are under construction and are being builtby PAEC.
The KANUPP-2 (1000 MWe) and KANUPP-3 (1000Mwe) are a part of Pakistan's civilian nuclear program.
The three units of nuclear power plant are under IAEA
safeguards. KANUPP is supplying power to KESC & is not
controlled by National Power Control Center.
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Contd..
The third nuclear power reactor is Pakistan Nuclear
Power Fuel Complex (1000 MWe) pressurized water
reactor, constructed indigenously by Pakistan's PAEC,
under IAEA safeguards.
The main part of the plant is designed on the model of
CHASMA Nuclear Power Plant.
The 90% of work of plant is done and will generate
electricity in 2010.
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Pakistan Nuclear Power Reactors
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Fuel - Uranium
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Fuel cycle
Enriched fuel for the PWRs is imported from China.
China then in 2007 deferred development of its CNP-
1000 type which is the only one able to be exported.
Pakistan is now exploring the possibility of smaller unitswith higher local content.
The government has set a target of producing 350
tonnes U3O8 per year from 2015 to meet one third of
anticipated requirements then. Low grade ore is knownin central Punjab at Bannu Basin and Suleman Range.
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Fuel Enrichment Plants
A small uranium centrifuge enrichment plant at Kahuta
has been operated by the PAEC since 1984.
A newer plant is reported to be at Gadwal. It is not
under safeguards.
Other plants in the pipeline are, Pakistan Nuclear
Power Fuel Complex which would be under IAEA
safeguards & the enrichment plant at Chak Jhumra,
Faisalabad, in Punjab.
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Radioactive Waste Management
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Nuclear Wastes
The PAEC has responsibility for radioactive waste
management.
A Radioactive Waste Management Fund is proposed in
a new proposed policy.
Waste Management Centres are proposed for Karachi
and Chashma.
Used fuel is currently stored at each reactor in pools.
Longer-term dry storage at each site is proposed. The
question of future reprocessing remains open.
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Nuclear Regulation
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Regulatory Authority
Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority is responsible for
licensing and supervision, and in respect to the Chashma
reactors it works closely with China's NNSA, National Nuclear
Security Administration.
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Nuclear Power Plants in Pakistan
CHASHNUPP-1
KANUPP-1
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Active Nuclear Power Plants inPakistan
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Karachi Nuclear Power PlantKANUPP
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PLANT DESCRIPTION
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General Plant Features
Owner/Operator: Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Prime contractor and designer: Canadian General
Electric Company Ltd. Reactor type: CANada Deutrium Uranium (CANDU)
Pressurized Heavy Water (PHWR) Heat transferred to steam cycle: 432.8 MW (thermal) Gross output: 137,000 kWe Net station output: 125,000 kWe
Generation/ transmission voltage: 15/132 kV Capital cost (1971): Rs. 428.026 Million Overall station efficiency: 27.42%
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Waste Management
Radioactive waste released from KANUPP occur in solid, liquidand gaseous forms.
Solid waste and resins are stored within plant site in adequatelyshielded places. Over 99% of the radioactive substancesproduced in the reactor remain entrapped inside the fuel.
Used nuclear fuel discharged to-date is stored in water-filled bays- a safe arrangement for storage.
The low level solid waste is stored in concrete trenches located inan isolated area near the plant. The trenches are capped andtheir surface is regularly monitored for any activity.
Liquid waste is disposed after chemical and radiological analysis. Gaseous wastes are passed through high efficiency filters before
discharge. On line monitors are also installed on the stack tomeasure the activity released to the atmosphere.
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Chashma Nuclear PowerPlant CHASNUPP 1
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CHASNUPP - 1
The Plant is located in the province of Punjab near
Chashma Barrage on the left bank of River Indus
The construction of Chashma Nuclear Power Plant
Unit-1 (CHASNUPP-1), the second nuclear power plant
in Pakistan, was started in 1992 with the help of
People's Republic of China. It has been in commercial
operation since September 2000.
CHASNUPP-1 is a two-loop, single unit, PWR plant with
gross output of 325 MWe & net output of 300 MWe andlife span of 40 years.
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PLANT DESCRIPTION
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Plant Technical Features
Ch h N l P Pl
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Chashma Nuclear Power PlantII, III & IV
Chashma Nuclear Power Plant II is a nuclear power
station under construction at Kundian, Punjab,
Pakistan.
The site is located south of Mianwali, near the
Chashma Barrage and on the left bank of the Indus
River.
CHASNUPP-2 will be a single-unit plant of 300 MWe
class and include a two-loop pressurized water reactor
nuclear steam supply system furnished by CNNC. CHASNUPP III & IV units will both have generation
capacity of 340MWe and a design life of 40 years
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Nuclear Power Research& Development
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R&D and Other Activities
Research is also being carried out by Pakistan Atomic Energy
Commission for safe operation of the Nuclear Power Plants.
Applied System Analysis group of Pakistan Atomic Energy
Commission is commissioned for Energy, electricity and nuclear
power planning for Pakistan and analysis of related economic,
financial and environmental issues.
Pakistan also has a 10 MW research reactor, PARR-Reactor, of
1965 vintage operated by the Pakistan Institute of Nuclear
Science and Technology.
Another "multipurpose" reactor, a 50 MWt PHWR near Khushab,started operating in 1998 and is evidently for producing weapons-
grade plutonium. A similar or possibly larger heavy water reactor
has been under construction at Khushab since about 2002
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Thank You!