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'5 NO. 2 The Northwest Will Use Natural Gas - - - Page 3

Outlook for Oil in 1956 Is Optimistic - - - Page I2Tree Farm System Gained last Year - - - Page I4

MARCH-APR|l, 1956

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NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILWAY comrmv "l°‘“"°' '"“‘d° byRobert YarnallW. J. HUNT, Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .St. Paul, MIMI. . .

3" "" ‘ ‘,. 54§,<¢"£..- *<'~ ‘ .. *~ . N l‘..'Zf¥~";v'~‘2‘,5'.‘~- -~__-‘~. *' ._ * - ':z</.¢ ...»...';:;:?-v ';§.=.<":.¢.'l. -=:;;..l ~'=’ .i% ~. < '_r_» A g;;;g;§{;g;1{ ; MONTANA The Cover Picture' ':;~‘%-}‘..? \ . siiuniu imssnuu »};>§;._, .a~.1$e'nl~ " as‘ T“ ‘ - i -r

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_,;<..,.»;."-‘§,\\‘- ,,uw", The man seen on the front of this§ g .. -7,q..._ ~ _ ~ »~}. *2, i.._ue f Th \' . . ~H -, , g ,4, ml “mm ss o e 1 orthncst ssorlrs m one<3 -. .. ..4¢,). .“/if .~ -1 ---sinrtts ‘ Ms

_ of the elds \\'l1l(‘ll Wlll furnish gas to\_ ‘Q vmowsvout Ir ,.,;__,‘ ~ ,‘. muunus C NSIN 4.“ _

T“ "u t 'Mi}“nAxoIA i “'""l‘\ wmoum - '7“ l ll 9 P a C 1 C T. ' \ ' I ’ ;;is\’ . -muo Emomm 'MmNEs°‘ uclossr / ‘ -‘)3’ \ o r t h w e s t

~. ammo lling installed. ln

THE NOR EST t h i s dramaticPublished Bimontllly by the i

Richie. a New

IF YOU WISH INFORMATION regarding The Northern Pacic Railway, or about industry, her and coagriculture and other resources in the territory which it serves please address one of the p_ ' yfollowing officers (depending on the information desired): r1;!/I Ied by hull,

York photogra-

P. D. EDGELL, General Manager, Properties and Industrial Development. . . St. Paul, Minn. the sublecl 15 tunnllg a valve andr. 1. aznv, Vice President—Traffic ............................... ..sv. Paul, Minn. "l>l0Wi"g” a "ell “’l"°h* We are l°l‘l~ozone: M. WASHINGTON, vat. President—Oil Development . . . . . . . . ..Billings,Mont. is done for a variety of reasons—F. c. SEMPF, Manager, Industrial Development ...................... ..St Paul, Minn. maybe to clean out the line or to getJ. ‘I’. MOORE, Western Manager, Industrial Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seattle, Wash. an idea Of potential production. TheS. O. MERRYMAN, Manager, Timber and Western lands . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Seottle, Wash. stu shooting out of the pipe is naturalGeorge R. POWE Manager, Mining Properties and Eastern lands . . . . . . ..St. Paul, Minn gas_ We recommend the gas article,J. W. I-IA W, Director, Agricultural Development Department . . . . . . . . . . . . . St. Paul, Minn. starting on page three.

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Powderriver PipeLine New ls Operating

Officials of Powderriver Pipeline, lnc.,Billings, have announced that their newsix-inch crude oil line now is dtliveringcrude oil from the Northwest Sumatraeld to the Farmers Lvnion renery inLaurel The $2 000000 line began op

s1"r~:|-:1. AND comcmara BUILDING. almost new. is part of plant No. 1 offered for frflting December 19. last. wllh anrcnt or sale at Duluth, Minn. lt contains l3l,9l5 square feet of oor space for lmllal throughput of sfime 4"0OO barrelsstorage purposes. This property formerly was used by a manufacturer of refrigerators. per day. Capacity 15 about 15,000

barrels daily. lt is the rst crude oilline to be built entirely within Montana,connecting the Billings-Laurel reneryarea with production in the central part

These Fqcfgry Buildings Are for Sale of the state. Olcials envision early con.nectlon of elds other than Northwest

Two factories, one in West Duluth. several other buildings. There are two Sumatra. Close proximity of the line toMinn.. and the other at New Duluth. rail sidings 401 feet long and a parking the recently discovered Wolf Fpringswith a total of 405.733 square feet of lot 14-0x150. The property is fenced. eld indicates that it may be the rstlloor space. in which Coolerator re- Plant No. 2, at the southern end of oil eld in the state to have a pipelinefrigerators formerly were made but Commonwealth avenue, has a total of outlet during early development drill-which now are owned by the lnter- 113,038 square feet of space divided ing.national Telephone & Telegraph com- between a number of buildings locatedpany, but are unoccupied, are for sale on nearly seven acres of land. Thereor lease. is a rail siding 620 feet long. Could lrrigate MorePlan; N0_ 1_ occupying‘ 9,349 ac;-es These factories are served by all cityat Wadena street and Fiftieth Avenue lllililiei The Price» irwlvding b°ll1 Land "1 McnlanaW95!» has 3 5l°el'3"d‘¢Bm°"l, 131,915 Properties, is $1,000,000 In western Montana’s 12 counties.square-foot warehouse built only two Complete details are given in a print- where 335,900 acres already are irri.years ago at a cost of $800,000, and a ed, well illustrated folder which has gated, 807,000 more could he placedthree-story manufacturing unit of brick been issued by the owner’s representa- under irrigation, according to Fredand wood construction, in addition to tive. Buck. state engineer.2 THE NOIITIIWI-‘ST. March-April. I956

Gas to Quicken Growth of Industry in NorthwestArea Will Have First Supply from San Juan Wells This Summer, to be Delivered by PacificNorthwest Pipeline Corporation; Additional Service from Peace River Fields Scheduled Later

In just a few months natural gas will west areas, current reports indicate. The Pacic Northwest Pipeline cor-become available for the rst time in Only last fall the Westcoast Trans- poration last year owned 77 gas wellsWashington, Oregon and Idaho. This mission Company, Ltd., of Canada, was in the San Juan basin and, in addition,region, called the Pacic Northwest, is granted a certicate to furnish Ca- undertook the drilling of some 150known widely for its large volume of nadian gas from elds in the Peace more. Therefore, the company is a pro-low-cost hydroelectric power, but it is river area of northern British Columbia ducer as well as a transportation agency.remote from elds with sizable proven and Alberta for use in the United States. It is estimated there are reserves in thereserves of gas and heretofore has had Construction of this company’s 650-mile basin even now which will last moreno commercial supplies of this fuel. The pipe line has really only begun and it than 25 years.situation will be changed in July of this will not be nished until sometime in0 One may interview half a dozenYear when lhe Pacic Northwest PlPe' 1957- leaders in the natural gas industry inline e°TP°Tali°", a new e°mPa"Y- be" At the start, this fall, the Pacic the Pacic Northwest and get six dif-gias l° deliver its Pmduee Northwest pipe line will deliver gas at ferent gures as to the total amount of

Estimates imlieale that "alural gas Sumas, Wash., for consumption at a few gas that will be available in the area andwill be available °VeY all °f the area bi’ British Columbia points as well as in the total amount of money that is beingN0‘/Ember, 1956- our own Pacic Northwest. Later, the spent to bring it to the retail consumer.

In fact’ What for 5° long was a fem‘ Westcoast Transmission company not However, gures which seem to comel“e ma)’ new ml" into a leash only will assume the Canadian portion somewhere near a common denominator

The north Pacic states will re- of this load but it will deliver gas from among the estimates indicate that 267,-ceive natural gas from two major the Peace river elds to the Pacic 000,000 cubic feet of natural gas persources—one domestic and another Ca- Northwest pipe line at Sumas for con- day will be available from the Americannadian—with big reserves assured. sumption in the United States. source after the whole system really gets

The Pacic Northwest Pipe- going, which will take aboutline corporation has been granted a certicate by the FederalPower commission to delivernatural gas to Washington,Oregon and Idaho from theSan Juan basin, which is lo-cated in northern New Mexicoand southem Colorado. Sincebeginning construction lastspring, this company’s con-tractors have been working to-ward completion of a pipe linefrom Ignacio, N. M., which willextend for 1,4-87 miles northand west to a point near Sumas,Wash. This line, which variesfrom 22 inches to 26 inches insize and has branches at vari-ous points, will serve nearly allof the principal towns and citiesin the three states. A largenumber of the smaller communities also will receive gasand Traill, B. C., north of Spo- S1. ' // P -- ,1 Mmn‘ try, Seattle needs three times

,¢ , _< _ , , I. . - as much gas as we have origi-\

kane, will be served.The gigantic line, requiring

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ve years, and that 302,000,000‘ M cubic feet per day can be ob-‘W: tained from the Canadian

source. This means that thereDMOITUN ': ‘ will be a total eventually oi

nearly 600,000,000 cubic feetnouns or lmiui. us . .m,m.“ " ‘nu of natural gas available daily.

-'—I'll! ruim lcniilut At the moment, it appears

-mum lovlluul npiiuwp that there Wlll be oodles Of gas.However, Walter S. Byme,

president of the Washington

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p-Au“; , ‘ ;* will serve ve counties m theA/'\_-\V,/.»' ‘

0 I I ‘ ' 'western part of the state andf = whose mains reach such im-

,1, /‘> portant places as Seattle, Ta-___ coma, Olympia, Centralia, Clie-f , halis and others, said in a re-

( cent interview, “The probable- "i ~ "P" ' ‘ ' use of natural gas in this region»/ * = has been grossly underestimat-\ -v'l'\@> ed. Actually, in accordance

“ . \_ with its population and indus-

- ,. nally contracted to take. We367,000 tons of steel for pipe. . ' \. K” need greater diversication ofis more than half complete. In \i '_ \._ , » m“c'° ' d t ' th' d I be-In US Ty ID IS BT68 anfact, the main crossing of the _ " \\ 4., _l lieve that natural gas will helpColumbia river into the state ' * ' - l ' us obtain it. I mean to say thatof Washington, from Umatilla, we have been conservative inOre., is under way and con- 01_qE'H’“*F_ Bnjuol? ‘Q b°"'5 sP°"' '° “wk” 5"? “""'I",bl° our estimates and that the po-. . . . this year, in pipe line shown above, to users in Pacic . . .strucnon now ls cemenng m Northwest from New Mexico and Canada. Construction in lenual here ls three “mes asthe Immediate Pwc North U. s. is well advanced, but is only starting now in Canada. great as it was rst thought toTIIE uonruwrsr. larch-April, use 3

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TO DELIVER NEW PRODUCT to usersin Portland, Ore., Portland Gas & Cokecompany pushed this pipe across Wil-lamette river, in background, after “un-usual” snowfall in late part of January.

be when the initial planning for naturalgas was (lone.

“There are one-hundred-and-one newkinds of industries that might come intothe area now that gas is available. Hereis just one example among many—some-one may think of upgrading certaintypes of plywood by the use of plasticsfor coating. Natural gas is important inthe production of plastics.”

Another way of measuring thevolume of this new kind of energywhich will eventually be available tothe area is to recall that in the PacicNorthwest climate the average ve-roomhouse will use from 110,000 to 130.000cubic feet per year of natural gas.

It is thought by some that the addi-tion of the Canadian supply may helpstabilize prices to the consumer and, ofcourse. it will enable local distributingconcerns in the Pacic Northwest toserve more users.

Just as estimates of the total amountof gas to become available vary, so dothe forecasts of the amount of moneywhich will be spent to nance the initialphase of bringing natural gas to thePacic Northwest represent some range.lt generally has been said, however, thattwo transmission companies will usefrom $300,000,000 to $335,000,000 inbuilding lines and putting in compres-sor stations as well as for other facilitieswhich will be required before they candeliver gas to distributors or directly

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to some of the larger industrial con- of natural gas will be on the forms ofcerns. Some $60.000.000 of this amount energy that already are used in theis being spent in the state of Washing area. The Pacic Northwest, as we havel0n- said. is a heavy user of hydroelectric

Other estimates point rather con- power: and for home heat, the peopleQlugively [O a [gtal gxpendjtul-e during COHSUIIIG vast HIHOUIIIS Of flll Oil. ll]-the next ve years by distribution com- dustries are important users of fuel oil,panies in Portland, Seattle, Spokane, 10°, and 501116 W003 Pmdllcls, Sllcll 88Tacoma, Yakima, Walla Wa]]a and sawdust and other wastes from mills,other points amounting to nearly $l00.- are used in 3 mi"°l' WaY- At 0"‘? time()()(),()()()_ James F_ Bel], executive vice mill wastes were quite important in thepresident of the Portland Gas 8: Coke home healing eld but they hv beencompany. of Portland. Ore.. remarked di5Pla¢9d Widely by fuel Oil 011 800011"!not lgng agg {ha[ his c()n]pa|]y antjcj. Oi the fact lllat VVOOd HOW lS ITIOIC val-pates $16,000,000 in capital expendi- uablo for purposes other than spacelures during the next ve years, largely l1@8liI1g-

for mains and laterals to serve new con- Actually, the Portland Gas S: Cokesumers. J. Wilson Gaw. public relations company, which serves 80 towns anddirector for the Washington Natural Gas cities, is the only distributor in thecompany, revealed only a few days ago Pacic Northwest that has had anythat his rm normally has spent around large volume of space heating contracts$4-00,000 a year for maintenance but in the past. This company now hasthis year alone it will use 88.100000. 27.000 home heating customers and itlargely for construction, and that its anticipates eventually, after the comingprogram for the next ve years totals of natural gas. that it will have 70.000.between $22,000,000 and $26,000,000. Elsewhere, manufactured gas generallylt is signicant that as of today the net has been too expensive for the ordinaryworth of this company is Somewhat lm- consumer requiring heat for his home.der $l8.000.000. Therefore. all distributors in the area

Phi] Toma", sales manager for the now look forward to an extensive ex-(juseade Natural Gas company; which pansion of their sales for home heatingserves a number of cities in central Plll'P0§e5-Washington, western Washington and Just as there are differences inwestern Oregon, as well as in northern estimates regarding other principalIdaho. expects that his company will factors concerning the coming of nag.put about $23.000,000 into expansion. ural gas, so are there again differencesAt Spokane, the Spokane Natural G85 in just how much displacement of othercompany will serve the city and. in ad- fuels will occur as a result of the avail-dilion-. the Spokane valley. and appliw ability of the product which is new totion has been made to serve other cities the area, One leader in the industryin the area. The initial program cost willhe over $l0,000.000 for the rst ve-year period.

Consumers themselves probably willinvest $100,000,000 in nancing burn-ers and other equipment which will beintroduced with the coming of naturalgas. "71

Someone pointed out that gettinggeared up just to deliver and use theproduct means pouring out $500,000,-000. lncidentally, the transmission com-panies and all of the major distributorsvirtually have completed arrangementsfor their nancing. ~ ~

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As one local businessman remarkedthe coming of natural gas is the equiva-lent of building another major dam inthe Columbia river as far as expendi-tures are concemed.

Many thousands of words have been MEN ARE COVERING '““l“ l°" wuh‘ington Natural Gas company at Seattle. . . , ,uttered in (llSCllSSl0n8 of what the effect with eemem ,0 sink pipe crossing "Menrut: NORTHWEST. Mu-ch-April, 1956

stated not long ago. however. that the workers to manufacturer the nitrogen American Can company is constructingllow through the pipe line from the product for agricultural fertilizer and a plant at Salem, Ore., to cost some-/\merican fields will be the equivalent for industrial purposes. thing like $2,000,000 and to employ 140in one day to the energy furnished by To make this product it is necessary persons. It has been said further that300 carloads of coal. In combine nitrogen nsnauy obtained natural gas will be an important item

The gas people frankly say that they from the air, with ihydr-0gen_ derived in thare goin" to sell their product at a A f t

e processing of tin used in thisIv from one of several sources. Natural 3° or)"

l"'f'e °“er I 2:" t e Pnces com" gas as a raw material is said to be one The industrial participation inpetnig‘ fuels. Iaidocpbtedb ltl1]<"lrl-“fles of the most economical sources of hy- the use of natural gas will be verv im-"aml“"_i"n_'S p°mle_ towar‘ (“P aCm~'“' drogen for the manufacture of anhy- portant, indeed. Nathan H. Cellert, _]r..fuel ml 1“ many mstancps hm "'“i drous ammonia. Some persons say that president of the Spokane Natural Gasmay be some displacement of electricih. ~ I-' this factory would not have been pro- company, revealed not long ago thatl"“' " 5 a man" "l fact‘ some peop e‘ jected at all had it not been for the the Kaiser Aluminum and Chemicalincluding certain oflicers of firms whichP ~ coming of natural gas. It is a fact, how- corporation at Spokane has signed a 20--e"erale e‘*°"""lY 1" le area’ ave over that in some cases anhydrous yearsaid that the coming of natural gas be '

fore long will increase the demands for .- . delectricity.

In this connection, the statementmade in 1949 by Bernard Coldham-mer. an economist for the BonnevillePower administration. has been quotedfrequently. lie said in part. “Importa-tion of natural gas into the PacicNortliiu-st could materially increaseelectric power requirements. It will l

complement hydroelectric power ratherthan substitute for it.”

In other words, apparently this econ-omist felt that natural gas would permitthe functioning of industries whichotherwise would not function and then.incidentally. they would require certainamounts of electricity in addition tonatural gas.

After the home heating requirementsare met. distributors in the PacicNorthwest are more than anxious to

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contract with his rm to receive' ammonia is made from hydrogen de- $20,000,000 worth of natural gas or

ine either from water. certain types $5l.000.000 worth per year. The coii-

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contract for the sale of gas for industrial MORE THAN 360,000 TONS of steel pipe, three-eighths of an inch thick, are re-purnnq-; nn an lnlprruptjble l)a,~i_=_ Thar quired by the Pacic Northwest Pipeline corporation for natural gas. Pipe will beiS_ me supply can be interrupted on stored temporarily at 22 or more locations alongthose peak days in the winter when thebonie-heating demands are greatest. For Ol bunker fuel Oil alld “Om Ollie? "actsuch periods, industries. if they install 5Oll"~'@5- Cubic

the Northern Pacic’s right of way.

calls for the delivery of 8.200.000feet of natural gas daily to the

nalnral r_¢a5_ nrnlnnl,l@dlr “ill regain Oil- At Portland, attention is called to the aluminum company’s two plants nearl,nrnin:_1 aqninnrenl and may will con. fact that it has been announced that Spokane. The new fuel. however, will|inn@ tn purchase lln; product al least the Owens-Illinois Glass company will be used largely to re furnaces at thefor stand-by purposes. Comparatively build a $l0.000,000 factory in that city Kaiser mill near Trentwood, in thelittle ma] in ln-ing used in the Pacic to make glass from sand for beer bottles. Spokane valley. This does not represent\'nrll1“-eel by indn§lri¢=_<_ Tln-r<=f0r@_ the milk bottles and for bottles to contain a new use. In a large measure in thisreplacement of this fuel by natural gas pharmaceuticals. It has been stated that case it is a matter of replacement.will he lnndr-ral@_ 500 employees will be hired in the op- -4]n our territory, over in central

Much has been said already in the eralll)" of this Plant 0" 3 °"e'5hi basis Washington, natural gas in the summerarea of an expected plant on the Co- and that P°55'l’lY ll “"“ he “Panded will he used for food dryers and forlumbia river. near Pasco and I(enne- lllllll it 9"‘Pl°§'5 1-000 P°'5°“S- The foodwick. to manufacture anhydrous aiii- Cha'"P1°"5 of "amral gas clam‘ ‘hat other

processing as well as for manypurposes.” Phil Tonian said in

inonia. Newspaper clippings on several their Product is ideal {QT use l" l"""' referring to business expected by theoccasions have stated that Phillips Pa- mg and l“mP“""¥ “"5 malerlab ‘ll’ Cascade Gas company. “Many interest-cic Chemical compan_\'. an adjunct of lhough 5°me°'"' Pointed "ut that 0“ as ing i nquiries from reliable officials ofthe Phillips Petroleum company and the 8 fuel can be used in the iiialillfaclfe various kinds of companies are com-Pacic Northwest Pipeline corporation. Of glass. ing in to our office indicating that theywill put up a chemical plant costing Another announcement at Portland are interested in the possibility for$15,000,000 which will employ 125 has carried the information that the building substantial facilities out hereTHE NORTHWEST. Man.-Ii-April. I956 5

in the Pacic Northwest for manufac- 0 I hardwood forests, although they some-turing and processing products. We are times grow among evergreens. In thetrying to give this sort of thing a shove Pacic Northwest commercial growersby advertising in eastern trade terri- provide shade for their ginseng patchestories and by pointing out the desirable by constructing canopies with slats orliving conditions, the schools, the cli- ordinary building laths. A curious factMan at Fer us Falls Hasmate, the water supplies and the trans- 9 is that ginseng requires six growingportation facilities which are available.” Plants GFOWFIIQ seasons to reach full maturity.”

Someone made the statement that Commenting on the price of ginseng,while the Portland Gas 8: Coke company Dr. E. D. Richards, veterinarian and Richards said: “Seldom has the pricehas been selling about 72 per cent of its tree farmer at Fergus Falls, Minn., has of dried mors been less than $3 3gas in the past for home heating and found another way to make his ve-acre pound and at present prices, good28 per cent for industrial purposes, the wood lot pay. quality roots bring $13 to $17 peroflicers of the company expect that Shortly ah" acquiring his small rim. pound. It usually takes about 300 plantsthis percentage will be reversed. her holding 3 few years hack, I)r_ Rich. to make a pound of the dried root. The

Innumerable possibilities are pre- ards spotted a few ginseng plants grow- 568d mfkt has been $0 pmthle thesented when one thinks of taking nat- ing wild on it. This gave him an idea. P35t few Years that many gr0W8r$ Sellural gas apart and using its components /\s a high school youth in Ohi0, 8 little the Seed instead of the r°°t- seed Pricesas chemical raw materials. There are over 15 _vears ago. he had cultivated ?\'9T?%e00ab°"; $20 3 Pound or $2-50resins, solvents, aromatics, preserva- 9' » See 5-tives, plastics and just about a hundred * * *Othel-S_ Please turn to page I4 for

While contracts have been made with an article which describes thesome of the large users, very little so tree farm system in n°hwe9'far has been said by distributors about states and its achivements-'—the retail price they will ask for natural Editor-gas further than the fact that they have * * *declared, as we have indicated, that itwil] be be]0w the cost of Compeljng this oriental plant as a hobby. and hadfuels. When asked about retail prices eamed 5Pe'_‘di"8 mom)’ for hls "j°rl5-they have answered invariably that it is 5°-_h° decldfd to 8° ""0 the gmswgstill too early to say, but that tariffs l'"51"e55 3831"-will be filed with the various slate com- First he transplanted 100 wild plantsmissions from 30 to 60 days in advance found on his land. Later he purchasedof the date on which natural gas is seed and also transplanted more ginseng.scheduled to be ready for delivery. Today he has 60,000 plants. In three or

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four years he hopes to realize an annualincome of at least $1,500 from his crop.

“Selling ginseng is certainly not aA1, new idea in this part of the country”

trappers often hunted for the wild plantsand sold the roots to fur buyers forexport to China and other countries ofthe East. Ginseng is still reported to be

. ,_ one of the most celebrated plants in all. the Orient. It is used to make a bev-

erage for medicinal purposes in China,Korea and certain other countries. Aroot of unusual form sometimes is car-ried as a charm, very much as some/\nierir-aiis keep a rabbit’s foot for good

"In many respects ginseng requiresgrouing conditions similar to those re-quired by the moccasin. the Minnesotastate ower. Ginseng needs shade, not

shaded from the direct rays of the sun.

RAISING GINSENG on small tree farm. .~-~ - ,' ,3} - - in Minnesota may become a protable" Sald Dr’ Richards‘ “Early expl?rers and avocation for Dr. E. D. Richards, above.

“Although the production of ginsengon my small tree farm will be no ‘goldmine,’ as many advertisements wouldhave one believe,” remarked Dr. Rich-ards, “I feel that I will be paid for mytime and effort in raising this crop.”

Fluid Coke Sold Forluck. .Commercial Use

The rst sale of uid coke for coni~niercial use from the renery of TheCarter Oil company in Billings, Mont.,

absolute. but in general it must be has been announced. Mojave Miningand Milling company, Wickenburg.

lt also requires a well-drained soil and Ariz., has contracted for 100 railwaycount“ '0 reach‘ ‘he “,ac}c Nonh: the wild plantsoften are found on the carloads, about 5.000 tons. for use as

wean Canadian system is 650 mnes |0ng_ shady sides of deep gullies in mixed boiler fuel for its plant.6 THE NORTHWEST. Jlarrli-.Ipril. 19.70

Borden Company Building Chemical Plant at KentTo Make 36,000,000 Pounds Yearly of Formaldehyde from Methanol forAdhesives, Resins, Plastics and Fertilizers Manufactured by Western Firms

Breaking ground early this spring,the chemical division of The Bordencompany will build a $1,000.000 fac-tory on 10 acres located on First avenueat Kent, Wash, near Seattle. Fifteenworkers will be employed in the manu-facture of 36,000,000 pounds annually lof formaldehyde, which will be sold to ‘.9 ‘west coast concerns for use in the pro- 4

duction of adhesives for the plywoodindustry and resins for paper makers. /Formaldehyde from Kent is expectedalso to go into plastics made in thePacic Northwest and in California and ' ’

into fertilizers manufactured at P°rt- STUDYING MAP 01-‘ NEW PLANT SITE are, left to right, Benjamin B. Butler, westland and at San Fl'allcl5c°- coast production manager, chemical division, The Borden company; Ray T. Hanson,

Plans for this new industry were an. west coast general manager, chemical division, The Borden company; Dave Mooney,nounced by Ray T_ Hanson, west coast mayor of Kent, Wash.; Daniel Anderson, member of the Kent planning commission.

general manager of Borden’s chemicald"' l tdtSul.H d . . .Btxillgsin ogagulflr (::estecoa:??:);:c also will be used to serve the plant. plants in the western area Wlll be 106,-tion for the will di_ The Borden Company’ -it wagpointed ()(N).()()0 pounds of .il.1lS useful product.rec, operations at the Kent plant OUll§)}£lI318IlS0n, glreadyi ll: mzgung go; The chemicaltd1visio1;2of ilghe Bordttiln

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Land for ‘he new factory pm. iii?)d:cty fioni liothnfliittirids will allow: lliiiltldflngtailgselaziidsatudix 0V(iIiSl‘ei:1S<:)rll8t‘ll<e

chased by The B.0l-den ompany from the rm in the future to serve customers in England, Canada, Mexico, Brazil,ihe Northern Paclc Ballway company all the way from western Canada to Argentina and Australia. On the westls located in the railway’? illdustrial southern California from the two points. coast of this country, in addition to itsarea of Kent’ along ‘is mam, bile‘ The Two other rms at west coast locations plant at Springeld, it also is manu-area was described In _detall m The are making the same product. At the facturing wood adhesives at Seattle andNorthwest’ ‘luly'August Issue’ 1955' present time the output from the three industrial adhesives and paint emul-

Tllo formaldehyde Pltlrll “Selle Wlllolt plants currently producing in the area sions at Los Angeles. Its western opera-Wlll emb°dY leclmologlcal lllllllvlillorts totals 70,000,000 pounds annually of tions, in fact, center largely on wood-artd dvrtoos lo equipment and Pro- formaldehyde. but when the new Borden working adhesives and thermo—settingootltlrost l5 oXPeototl lo ooot1PY tltroo factory is ready to function late in 1956 materials, along with polyvinyl acetate3Cro5- The remainder of llto Bordon or early in 1957, the annual total of all emulsions and industrial alcohols.land, in addition to providing spacefor parking, for trackage and for racksfor unloading tank cars, will furnishroom for future expansion of the rm’-< Machine Saves Valuable Knots in lumberoperations at that location.

A °"°'5l°t'Y building, to be Put “P A -$3,500 patented machine made in "As sawed pine and spruce boardson 3 oonorolo Slob, Wlll oorttlrl ollloose Portland, Ore., by the Western Machin- are fed through the Neils knot gluer, alaboralorless aod ltmolt rooms arltl ery corporation for the J. Neils Lumber loot-activated nozzle comes down on‘~'ll'e55l"8 moms lot" emPl°)'ee5- The re‘ company, called the Neils knot gluer, the dead knot and, with a pressure ofmalmler °l the Plant, oortslsllrtg ¢ltl°llY raises both the grade and the market 4-00 pounds per square inch, squirtsof lurllts and ooltlmrlse Will be $oml'oX' value of 12,000 feet of lumber processed hot glue with such force that it goesP°5eCl- daily through the machine in the com- clear through the board. Since the knot

The Borden C°mPanY Wlll make l°r' pany’s mill at Klickitat, Wash. never can work loose, the lumber thusmaldehyde at Kent by the catalytic A Portland newsman said, “There is 5aved_

°°“v°'§1°" (ff melhallolv a_ Pe"°°l'eml' are two kinds of knots—red, which are “Surplus glue is swept off with a wetcal whlch W1“ be shlpped "L alive and don’t fall out, and black, broom. If it was allowed to dry on

Water for ‘he new fa¢l°!'Y Wlll be which are dead and should be glued in stacked boards they couldn’t be sep-5"PPllod ll)’ the Walor doprlmlll of lll quick. unless vou don’t mind losing arated, except with dynamite or a bigcity of Kent. The city’s sewage system dough on your lumber. block and tackle.”THE nornnwssr. March-April, 1956 7

“Finest” is the Word for this Modern Industrial Parl106.59 Acres Developed by Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway With an Eye on Presei

The Guilds Lake industrial area. lo- 000 to $800,000 each. Land has been H.000-volt lines which serve the property.cated along St. Helens road and between purchased or leased ranging from an The Portland Gas & Cokc company dc-Northwest 29th and 35th avenues in acre in two instances, up to 9.5 acres li\-ci-s mannfactnrcd gas and shortly, withinPortland, Ore.. where it has been dc- per company. a it-w months. natural gas will be availableveloped. beginning in 194-6, by the The total sold, leased or utilized for from the samc source, City rc stations areSpokane. Portland 8: Seattle Railway streets or railway right of way. amounts locatcc] not for n“>ay_company. includes 106.59 acres which to 59.626 acres, leaving 4-6.964 acrcs in Tho railway sitc is within zone No, 1 ofexemplify in an admirable way current the railwayis ownership and available tho local draymc-n's ta;-iff_ Thci-cforc, distri.thinking in the planning and building for sale to others interested in establish- bntion by drayagc rms involvcs no distanceof modern so-called industrial parks. ing themselves in this location, which penalty in tntich of the city, S, P, S; S, tracks,

And park-like it is. too, you will once was said by the Portland Daily of course, scrvc Guilds Lakc industries,agree if you see the 60-foot streets. Journal of Commerce to be “one of the Willamcttc ritcr (locks arc within a shortdedicated to the city and paved with best of the rcmaining industrial sites in distance,10 feet of hard surface. And the archi- or near Portland.” Managers of rms now located on thetecturally attractive yet functional build- In addition, within recent years, 13ings set back at least I3 it-cl. should industrial rms have been establishedattract your eye, too. as well as the adjacent to the S. P.&S. property ongreen lawns. well landscaped. the shrubs land obtained from others.and trees, the adequate off-street park- The Guilds Lake site is blessed withing areas, both for employes and husi- advantages. Since 194-6 the S. P. & S.. a

ness callers, and the paved areas for subsidiary owned jointly by the North-deliveries and outside storage. crn Pacic Railway company and the

The whole plan infers good house- Great Northern Railway company, haskeeping and a desire to preserve the invested more than $1,300,000 in landvalues of industrial property. just as acquistiou. street dedications, paving,residential values are maintained. sewers and water mains. New water

Intended primarily for light industry, lines. varying from eight inches to 12the Guilds Lake area contains mainly inches. were put in throughout thewarehousing and distributing rms~~ tract. A pressure of 84- pounds. static,several being western outlets for na- remains comparatively constant. Newlytionally known eastern concerns but installed sewers serve the area.there also is some manufacturing. Sev- The property is relatively near thecral serve Alaskan buyers from this downtown section of Portland. Workerslocation. can ride to and from the area on city

Thirteen companies have established buses. The Portland General Electric '

themselves in the area and have build- compan and the Pacic Power and DISCUSSINP GLUED ARCH a‘ Tl'“l'°" S“'“°'7 1 . P l .1 If 12- L.ings which reportedly cost from -‘S150; Light company each has three-phase. B"-|es’ njgfln on an'i~are’pe I’ “mmo a e, tra c manager, rue ill, lead man.

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THIS NEW BUILDING AND W'AREl"lOUSE now are being built quate parking lots are features of this modern industrial district.in the Guilds Lake area at Portland. Ore., for the Northern Construction for the Charles Pfizer company was under waySchool Supply company. Paved streets, lawns, shrubs and ade- during the winter. Sites now have been obtained by 13 companies.8 THE NORTHWEST, Marrlh/-lpril, I956

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vafion of Property Values \ 6011.0: gut INILUSTRIAL oevztovusur\ mum -oassou

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property state they have been able to obtain s--~-an adequate labor supply for their plants. ‘\

As one industrial engineer so appro- MW

priately pointed out recently, the modern ‘Pro,\ . . . . \. 4ltrend IS for distribution and warehouse ‘ \ ‘~-_ “\

buildings to be spread out over a large area \

on a single floor as against the oltl-fashioned 3 "Mi multiple-story structure. The trend is readi-

ly apparent at the Guilds Lake location. Theone-floor parts-distribution depot of theChevrolet division of the General Motorscorporation, put up in 1954-, is an example.Actually. parts for Oldsmobiles and Pontiacs,as well as for Chevrolets, are handled in the I - 7/ “L

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depot’s 108,000 square feet of floor space.The materials are distributed to Washing-ton, Oregon and ldaho points, Fred F.Sanger, manager at Portland, stated in a

recent interview. One feature of the General ‘ A if gm,“ Hm,“Motors buildin is a re roof room for ' rut tuzoifwi Piiiiafn “"*'°°°t g p \: A. ST. - pp‘g|€rus

ammable materials. It has explosion-proof

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lights and windows, which will give but not L ' I! Z; ¢°_ mubreak under pressure. The heavy metal door .\_ \ °° Q ogéfgié

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starts, and the oor in the doorway isramped inward so burning fluids cannotflow out to the remainder of the building

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TUE NORTHWEST, Morris-Jprll, I956

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SHADED PORTIONS REPRESENT LAND at Guilds Lake which is available for leaseor sale. They total 46.964 acres. The insert at the lower right shows three tracts forlarge industries, acquired by the S.P.& S. at Orenco and Tualatin, near Portland, Ore.

are transshipped to Alaska, where they Hill, is president of the Columbia Trac-are used by farmers in the Matanuska tor 8: Implement company.valley and by contractors in road work. Another is the Western Farm Equip-The Ford Diesel, a wheel machine about ment company which, in addition totwice as large as the Ford gasoline trac- the popular Ferguson “35” tractor manu-tor, is used in the United States not factured by Massey-Harris-Ferguson ofonly by farmers but also by other Detroit, Mich., distributes productsgroups. At the moment a number are manufactured by Pippin industries ofin service in the Pacic Northwest dig- White River Junction. Vt., and Mid-ging trenches for pipe to distribute nat- Westem Industries of Wichita, Kan.ural gas when it is available later this Territory covered includes Oregon,year. Last summer the Portland rm Washington. northern Idaho and the

sent several Ford Diesels to Billings, Alaska territory.Mont. Timber Structures lnc occu '. A 9 '9 P195

AUTO PARTS WERE hem‘ moaded as Fred Cortlandt T. Hill, grandson of the nine and a half acres of the S. P. 31 S.

Tu§§enbfoQkwefesnappedatceneralM010]-Q. early-day railroad magnate, James _l. land, along with other property ad-

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paints: l.. ll. Butcher company, San; Francisco, chemicals and solvents; Ore-Z-'_ gon-Pacic Sales company, lumber con-

___,_.- solidators and brokers; General Electric/i company, Diesel engines, maintenanceand distribution; J. K. Gill company.stationery and school supplies; WagnerElectric corporation, St. Louis, trans-formers and. also. brake shoes for trucksand automobiles.

Other industries located near by, butoutside of the area developed by therailway include: the Willard StorageBattery coinpan_\; Crinnell Companyof Pacic, plumbing: Lederle Labora-tories, pharmaceuticals: Noise Control

VERY LONG ARCHEQ produced by Timber §tru¢-tures. lnc.. at Portland, by l.':mi- company, acoustical material; Northnation and by claniping: l'resl'i|_\' glued parts into the different shapes wanted. are Pacic Supply company, R, C, A, dis-pietured above being loaded for rail shipment to many points. both far and neiir. trjbugor; Robert L_ Rice company-_

10

Crosley-Bendix distributor; WilliamVolker company, rugs and linoleum;Folger Coee company; General Elec-tric company, lamp division; GatesRubber company, tires and belting;l.ink Belt company: _]. E. Haseltinecompany, pipe and steel; R. M. Wadecompany, irrigation equipment.

In addition to its property inPortland, the Spokane, Portland 8 Se-

attle Railway company has other landnear the city which is suitable for largeindustries. At Oreiico, Ore., the com-pany acquired 230 acres and it has140 acres at Tualatin. Both sites are ad-jacent to trackage. They are near the

SEVEIIAI. FlRi\l.‘i l.UCATl'Il) in (luilds Luke development trade with buyers in Portland labor market and are onlyAlaislui. The Ford Diesel. above, made in England, which Robert J. Gorham is seen [5 minutes by automobile away frominspecting. was traiisshipped from plant of Columbia Tractor & Implement Company. the downtown Section of the city.

At Eugene, in the upper Willamettejacent to it. Tliis 26-_\car-old company hangar in Morristoiin. N. J. lt takes valley. the company, through its subsi-labricates "engineered tiinhcrs.“ in- three open-top railroad cars to handle diary, the Oregon Electric Railway com-cluding arches. girders. beams. trusses, a load of big ones. pany, acquired 165 acres of which 41columns. craiienays and rigid frames Of course. Timber Structures, lnc., acres are still available. One hundredlrom Douglas lir uhich are stronger makes materials for smaller coiistruc- and twenty-one acres have been oc-and. in some cases. bigger than any tion, too. From 6.000.000 to 7,000,000 cupied by forest products industries.t'\t"t' cut in tlic forests. And they are board feet of lumber are kept on hand warehousing enterprises and others.lormed into architectural sliapes never all the time. l'i\'ei'ytliing is kiln dried imilar purchases of land, although onlound in nature. Glued. laminated iiia- before it is laminated. 3 smaller §()alQ—‘_ have been made atterials this lirin produces t".sliop- A‘ [he lnoment new buildings for Salem, Albany and Junction City. allgrown"> for builders in c\'<”l‘)' Pa" “l three companies are being put up in in the Willamhe V3lh'-‘)’--‘\"1eTh‘a and in Canada, ahd 9\'eh for the (}||ilils Lake area. 'l'lie\' includel“h5 35 far a“'aY 35 F°Tm°5a- are dur‘ Charles Pzer 8 Company.’ liic.. ofable and weather-proof in schools, |;|-,,(,k|\,,_ _\_ \__ ,nak@r_s nf pharma- ll‘ISlGllll‘IQ PlGl1lTO"hl"Che5> held houses» bridges. farm ccuticals: Colycar Motor Sales com anP Y Recover Asphalthl1il(lh1g-“- aiflhle hangars and in 3 huh" ol Los Angeles. handlers of automobile‘lred Olher ‘YPe5 of 5h'"¢h"e5- The parts: and the Northern School Supply Petroleum Products Rening & pm.T°""(l'1‘-(l 3T§he$ _"1 lhe held h0l15e at company. distributor of school supplies dncing company, Austin, Tex" is in-Montana university, in Missoula, for ex- and ,n}n.r arnC]eS_ Q

o amlllev ha"? 3 201-5‘f°0l 5Pa“- TheY llerc are other rms now located S/Iont, The plant, scheduled for com-were made in Portland. as well as were . 1 ] ' 1 . ' - -

talling an asphalt plant at Lodge Crass,

ant (omg iusintss on land obtained pletion in __lune, will process 3.000the arches (With 3 18040“ SP3") fol" lrom the S.P.& 5.: General Paint cor- barrels of crude oil daily from the Soapthe Continental Can company’s aircraft poration. making a general line of Creek eld.

THE NORTHWEST. udrrll-.-Ipril. I95!»

How Come? Lumber Shipped to Leading Timber AreaIt's Hardwood— Oak and Maple—tor Flooring; Building Boom in Washington and OregonPushes Up Demand for Midwestern and Southern Products; Keeps Thriving Company Busy

"How come?" the man asked. “You Futhermore, many of the local retailmean to say that although Orcgon and lumber dealers pick up their stock atWashington are No. l and 2 in the the warehouse. The distribution in-nation in forest products. local builders eludes western Washington. British Co-still buy lumber from far-ofl places by lumbia and Alaska. Floor-laying con-the carload? Does that make sense?" tractors, retail lumber men and general

Y@§_ the questioner was ;0](]_ “'5 a contractors, in that order. are the com-

paradox. but there is plenty of reason Pa"Y’5 best Customers-

lor ll- Qthcr hardwood receivers in the Pa-Take hardwood for o0ring——0al< eic Northwest include the following:

and maple. lt is produced and milled in Queen City Floor company. B. 8: li. _-_§

the South and .\liddlewest. not in Ore- Hardwood company, Ehrlich Harrison ‘gm »

gon and Washington. Hardwoods, lne., and Matthews Harcl- *‘Kelly-Goodwin Hardwood company, Woods» all of Sellle; Genofal H3Tfl- ' ‘

ol Seattle. is the largest distribu- Wood oomPa"Y am] W°“d ‘Mosaictor of hardwood flooring in the Pacic oomPanY~ Tacoma? Good)'ear NelsooXorthwest, shipping it in from those Hardwood Lumber oomPa"Y- Slrodistant areas. This company was or- WolloY, vvasll-; GT93tW95l9fIILUll1b9T “'""“'k H““"§

ganized in 1927. starting with hardwood oomP3"Y, Nooksaok, W35h-; Columbia l'A'l"l'E“~\ l:l'0_0Rll\(_; i~" b“""'"i"" "‘o"“uoring. then adding hardwood lumber Valley Lumber company, Bellinghal-n_ popular. si|}‘-_- (.. ll. l\¢-ll)‘. abovq-. mana.

to its stock. With the increased demand Wash-§ Jones Lumber oomP‘mY’ Lo"?-" 3"‘ |“'ll'v'('""dmn Hardimml mm'm'“'for flooring in the building boom which View» Wash-3 the Lumber Product‘has paralleled the Pacic Northwest’s “‘"“Pa"Yv Bulllefials, lnc., Emerson Kelly pointed out. .\laple llooring ispopulation increase. hardwood lumber lloTo“'ood oomP3"Y» MoCoY Door & mostly used for school gymnasiums.stocks were discontinued. C. H. Kelly, Hanlwood oo'“P“"Ye llllon Floorlllg bowling alleys. dance halls and bakeries.manager of the rm. stated in a recent oomPa"Y~ E- D- Kl"g“l"Y Lumber Com‘ .\laple is preferred for these purposesinterview that the company’s volume of Pan)’: Nlooll NePPa"l‘ oo"‘P3"Y am] because it is harder than oak: it doesbusiness increased over 500 per cent be- -l- W- Glselmao ooml’a"Y- all of Pork not splinter and it does not need lling.tween 1940 and the end of 1955. l""o- 073- because it is a close-grained wood.

From 18 to 2-1‘ people are employed The majority of oak flooring is used T9I""’5~“‘(‘- /\l3ba"1a- ¢\Tka"535» Lou"by this thriving organization. 9i.\; trucks in homes. not only because of its hard- liiima and vlfé-'i"ia are lhe 50l1T(‘@$ lofare on the go. making Seattle deliveries. ness but also because of its beauty. "ilk lumber, While maple flooring comes

lrom .\iichigan and Wisconsin.“It is considered that there is an

unlimited supply of oak in the linitedStates.” Kelly said. “However, old-growth maple is diminishing rapidly' and will be used up in about 15 years.-\t the present time. there is no ex-tensiye reforestation program for theoak and maple stands. except whatnature takes care of herself. The logged-oil areas are being reforested with pinebecause of its rapid growth. Hardwoodlogging in the $outh is much differentfrom the northwest logging operationin that a large per cent oi the logs issupplied by small farm operators.

“Flooring is made lrom the lowergrades of oak lumber. cutting betweenknots and defects. which accounts forso many short lengths in oak flooring.

i - 1 The higher grades in oak lumber are

ro st<rr|.\' FLOORING of oak and maple from mills in th.- South and Middlt-west. "-‘ed 5°‘ ilishilirl '-"Id {Or buildillsKelly-Goodwin Hardwood company. above. at Seattle. is kept busy shipping in car- boas‘ “anufaCtu“'r5 of furniture useloads for oor contractors, retail lumber yards. general builders and other buyers. the lowf gT3(l€5- loo-i,THE SORTIIWEST. March-April, I956

New Records Were Attained in Oil ActivityMore Wells Completed in I955 than in I954; Output in Montana and North DakotaAbove Previous Totals; Optimistic Note in 1956 Exploration and Development Plans

The year just completed in Montana the basin. It was still in process of In the Montana portion of the Willis-and North Dakota was another in which evaluation at the end of the year but ton basin development drilling alongconsecutive new records of oil activity was responsible for some further drill- the Cedar creek anticline did much towere set. The increase over the previous ing during 1955. enable the state to set its new drillingyear was not phenomenal, but it was ]n Burke oonnty, in the some state-_ record last year. Shell Oil company andsubstantial and 1955 ended on a strong the Toxota ()i| oomnany has an appar. others were particularly active in a de-optimistic note. The encouragement was ont discovery 25 mos not-th of the velopment program made feasible byof a type which indicated continuance Tiogn o[(]_ whore operators have sot the coming of a new outlet late in 1955.‘if 3 Strong Cylf‘ Of activity already in casing after a drill stem test recovered The Oullel is the Butte PiPe hhe, huihbeing. signicant free oil and oily drilling l°i"llY by Shell, the M“rPhY °°rP°1'a'

12

I?

The year also brought to light new mud. Testing is also in progress in Di-potentials for exploration and develop- vide county, where Phillips & Ballardment which will have much inuence had an encouraging test 20 miles north-on the pace of activity in 1956. west of Tioga.

Montana had an increase in 1955 ln Ward county, Calvert Drilling.of 6‘) completed wells over 1954, Mon- lnc., recovered clean crude and consid-tana Wildcats were successful in 10.4 (‘Table gassy. muddy oil on a drillper cent of completions. Operaors drill- Slem lest and was going deeper to checked 173 Wildcats in the state, producing lower zones. The test is 50 miles north-18 discoveries. North Dakota had an 68$! of Iii? Tioga eld and is prl Oi8.8 per cent ratio. with six discoveries Clveflis drilling Campaign On 8 10-Wllfor 68 wildcats. larm-out deal. lt is the second appar-

The Williston basin was the chief em dlscoverl hi’ Calvert during drilllhghonot-iary of ]ato_)-oar developments, of the rst seven wells in this deal.both in North Dakota and in Montana. Along the Nesson anticline, pro-Apparent discoveries were made in rank ducing areas were expanded, particu-wildcat areas. Sohio Petroleum com- larly to the south, in I955. Further de-pany'.< discovery in Renville county, velopment drilling is certain in theseNorth Dakota, was regarded as po- areas. Total completions in North Da-tentially the important discovery east kota in 1955 reached 253 wells. Every SHOWN W"-H pump at mm injectionof the Nesson anticline needed to re- indication points to a substantial in- station, non, gtendtvo, is Don Amhort,stimulate activity in the eastern part of crease in the coming year. Montana gupgringndenl, Bum; plpg ling,

tion. Placid Oil company, and North-ern Pacic Railway company. lt opensthe way for initial movement of 30,000barrels per day and is capable of ex-pansion to more than 80.000. The lineactually carried 25,000 barrels a dayof crude oil in January, 1956.

ln early December, the Ohio Oilcompany recovered substantial quanti-ties of oil from formations of the Or-dovician age in a wildcat in the Repeatarea of Carter county, Montana, 19 milessouth of the Little Beaver eld. Therehas been almost no drilling in the gen-eral area. The discovery had not beencompleted at the end of the year butit may trigger an expanded explorationprogram in the extreme southeasterncorner of the state.

West ol the Williston basin areaVIEW DEPICTS TYPICAL TOPOCRAPHY along Cedar creek anticline, in Gas City Of Montana, the Atlantic Rening com.eld, eastern Montana. Oil was found in this well, Gas City Unit 4-4-21, pictured re- pony had an important disctyyery inecntl)". with a completion rig in place, which is smaller than the one used to drill it. Amsden dolomite at Wolf Springs and

THE NORTHWEST. Marrlt-April, 1956

then rompleted a successful conrma-tion to the discovery with a well halfa mile north. The Carter Oil Company,drilling two and a half miles south ofthe discovery, seems assured of a goodproducer. The possibility appears goodfor a rapid development and extensionprogram during 1956 comparable toearlier drilling of the Northwest Su-matra eld, which is 25 miles north ofWolf Springs.

An indicated wildcat success bythe British-American Oil Producingcompany in the Clark Fork area of Car-bon county was still drilling ahead atyear end and a Gulf Oil company gasdiscovery in Carbon county has beenshut in pending an outlet. The outlook

SHELL oii. co EIAI.OAS en"! UNII as-ai _?_

NW“ Sill SECJI 114" [555 -_.' "~"'_Mwsou co. MONT.

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fer development drilling i" the "ext Year DISCOVERY WELL IN GAS CITY eld, was completed in June 1955. It is shownis dadthi hldl rm - -- - -’goo I1 5 5 011 3 50 1" 97' here with Ed Welbourn, exploitation engineer for the Shell Oil company, operatorwildcatting throughout southcentral of the eld, which is unitized. Five companies participate. In Montana 69 more wellsM0mana_ Activity in northwestern Mon. were completed in 1955 than in 1954. Production in the Williston basin was up. Thetana has attracted considerable attention Northern Pacic on February 29 shared in the output of ll0 “'illiston basin wells.

during the year, particularly wildcats inGlacier’ pondera and Teron cOumies_ effect on M0ntana’s 1956 production, pacity from the booming developmentAggressive leasing activity took place especially from the larger. elds of east- program will couple with the Butte pipeand large Sums were bid for acreage on ern Montana. such as Cabin Creek, Pine line as an outlet. to give 1906 new pro-

the Blackfeet Indian reservation.

In production during 1955, NorthDakota was outstanding under the full HE Made MOIIGY R9VeI'$iI'|Q Usul Methodsinfluence of renery operation by the

[nit and Poplar, where increased ca- duction records.

Qtandard Oil Company of Indiana at Should midwestern cattle feeders look Short put 130 range steers on feed- h 9Manda“ Crude reduction .um ed to t eir laurels. One range stock gr0w- in October, half yearlings and half two-from 6600 000 baiirels to 11 £83800 er who tried an unusual practice last year-olds. They were in nice condition

’ ’ ’ vear thinks maybe they should 'ust as they came off rass but thean increase of 86 per cent. Montalna’s ' i _' J i '7 . g ’ . yincrease amounted to some 6O0’O00_ This man, Don Short, who is located were "Qt lll5l'led- He began leedlngreaching 15400 000 barrels an increasg along the Little Missouri river, in west- ¢°"l 5lla8e- All" 10 days, grain W85fourupe-r-cent, compietion North Dakota grass country’ {at_ added—one-third corn, a third oats andButte pipe line win have important toned his steers right off the range on a third barley. A little alfalfa hay, cot-

Payne, Inc., working in a Montana eld.THE NORTHWEST, March-April, 1,55

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feeds he raised himself. Ordinarily a lonseed Cake alld b°"em°al were give"-range cattlenian turns his grass-grown “My dry-land silage went ve tonssteers over to some feeder in the corn an acre, worth $10 a ton, on land Icountry, who is a specialist in making couldn’t sell for over $35 an acre,” henished beef. But Short eliminated this explained. “I paid only a small fractionsort of middleman. of that for the ground some years ago.”

“From my point of view I can see The steers were worth about 18 centsseveral good things about the practice,” a pound at the ranch when they wentShort declared recently. “I increased on feed. They were sold for an averagethe value of the original weight of my of 20.91 cents a pound, net, after de-animals. Marketing of western cattle ducting shipping and selling costs, andordinarily is bunched in the fall. Much they gained 190.3 pounds per headof the feeder stuff from the Great Plains above the original weight, which wasand mountain ranges comes in for sale 810 pounds. The feed bill, guring lo-then. I believe this bears the market. cal prices for home-raised grain andBy holding mine and upgrading them roughage, was $5,265. Short took inwith feed, I got three cents a pound $8,236 more than he would have sellingmore than if I had sold in early Octo- the steers as feeders in early October.ber. Also, I got a fair price for surplus “So,” he summed it up, “the feedgrain and forage I was able to raise on not only brought a good prioe_ I got

is examined bv Cheap land on my ranch: ands third! in BCICIIIIOII fOl' my CIl)OWDare Haney, dri||er_ for Helmerich fattening steers at home broadened the grease, a fair return for that commodi-

nancial base of my ranch operation.” ty, too.”

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Tree Farm Development Took Spurt Upward in 1955Six Northwest States Now Have 9,045,107 Acres in 1,443 Woodland Tracts AdministeredUnder Approved System; Water Conservation Is an important By-Product of the Program

Throughout the Northwest increasingnumbers of tree farm signs are appear-ing on woodland and forest areas as thetree farm movement continues to gainmomentum.

During 1955 the American tree farmsystem of private woodland manage-ment gained nearly 4,200,000 acres—arecord spurt since the program waslaunched 15 years ago. At the begin-ning of this year. 40 participatingstates had a certied acreage of 37.838.-910 in more than 7.500 tree farms.

As of February 1. the six Northweststates—Washington, Oregon, Idaho,Montana, North Dakota and Minnesota—had a combined acreage of 9.045.107in 1,4-43 tree farms. Oregon, with 3,434,-027 acres, ranks second in the nationand Washington, with 3.300.743. ranksseventh. Georgia is rst, having 3,735,-341 acres.

The tree farm system is a programwhich gives public recognition to pri-vate landowners who voluntarily pro-tect their woodlands from re, insects,disease and destructive grazing, andwho harvest trees for repeated crops.

Tree farming, or managementof timber for sustained yield, is nota new idea. Way back in the year 134-7,a tree farm was established in Swedenwhen the Great Copper Mountain Min-

tries. lnc., spokesman for the nation’slumber, pulp and paper rms and otherwood-processing industries. ln eachstate the program is administered bystate or regional sponsors in accordancewith local conditions. Officials who di-rect the program look for continuedhealthy growth of this important con-servation movement.

“The concept of timber as a crop isopening the door to new opportunitiesfor private woodland owners,” says C.A. Cillett, managing director of Amer-ican Forest Products Industries, lnc.“l expect the tree farm program to addat least 6,000,000 acres in 1956.”

While the principal objectiveof tree farming is to provide a perma-nent supply of forest raw materials,other benets result from a scienticsystem of modern forest management.

Weyerhaeuser Photo FTOWERING ABOVE a tree farm in r l.;"e§l§:1p“;1vild° °°v°' la"d.lf°°d f°' wildregion of Washington is Mt. 5|. Helene. 16' ey e P con“-0 sol eroslfm andNote clear cutting, with seed sources left. they supply water for domestic use’

hydroelectric power and irrigation.£3" l° lake 3" active lmeresl i" WT‘ Water is considered a major resourcePeluallng Our ‘Tee s"PPlY- Tlmben °"°° of the Northern Pacic Railway’s 131,-regarded by settlers as something of a ()()()_ac|-e Upper Yakima tree farm, eastnuisance. had become a necessary com- of the Cascade mountain range inm°‘mY- Washington.

The formal “tree fmm” Program be‘ “lt may seem a strange tree farmgan in the state of Washington in 194-1. that lists water as a main crop, butNationally. the program is coordinated mags the case here,” says P_ ])_ Edsel],by American Forest Products lndusing company acquired forest lands to - ' N-P-,5 general manage!‘ Of Pl'0P6fli¢$

obtain a timber supply for operation ofits principal mines. This company suc-cessfully developed a sustained-yieldprogram to provide a continuing supplyof timber. Today this company hasabout 800.000 acres of what is said tobe the best-managed forest property inSweden.

In this country, early settlers strivingto make the land liveable and produc-tive, felt there were too many trees.They needed wood of course-—woodfor homes, churches, fuel and otheruses. But a more important need wasfor land that was cleared upon whichto grow crops. The idea of growingtrees as a continuing crop on the sameland year after year, had little economicappeal until more recent times. As thelast century drew to a close, private in-dustry and governmental agencies be-

14

and industrial development. ‘ One of thetop jobs of this tree farm is to catchand store in the vegetative cover of itsforest oor life-giving water for agri-cultural production in the Kittitas andYakima valleys.”

The nature of trees and forestsvaries with climate and terrain. Thisdetermines harvesting methods used bytree farmers. For example, growthhabits of Douglas r trees, found prin-cipally in the heavy rainfall region westof the Cascade mountains, are suchthat seeds will not germinate nor willseedlings thrive in the deep shade ofolder larger trees. As a result, harvest-ing is by area selection. This meansthat selected areas are clear cut, leaving

MARKING A TREE for cutting in a "di“F°"‘ P°‘°h°5 °f "“‘“"° ""9 ‘°Northern Pacic tree farm. Growth ready furnish seed’ which will germinate infor harvest is removed to make lumber. the °Pen1 sunlit ground-

TII uorrnwmr. Man.-A-April. 195»

The pine area east of the Cascades. ing are some of the major tree farmers West Fork Timber company. The Long-on the other hand. receives less precipi- operating more than 20.000 acres in Bell Lumber company, Milwaukee Landtation and fewer trees per acre grow. the western pine area: company. Northern Pacic RailwayYoung pine trees will germinate and ()regon—Weyerhacuser Timber coin- company. Pope K Talbot, lnc.. Portgrow in the shade. Therefore. consider- pany. Klamath Falls; Pilot Rock Lum- Blakely Mill coiiipaii_v_ Ft. Helens Pulpable harvesting is done by selection of ber company. Peiidleton; Brt)()l(§-S(;an- S; Paper company. Mayr Brothers Log-iiidividual mature trees for cutting. loii. lttc.. Bend: :\leXaiider-$tewart ging Company. .-\loha Lumber Corpora-elective removal of older trees permits l,t||||her Company; Prirrerillr-; Blue lion S." M. R. Sllllill Lumber & hinglemore sunlight and moisture for the Nlountain Land company. _]ohn Day, company. Longview Fibre company,l'°“llg"r llees “’lll('ll 3"’ lell §l3"(ll"g- Washiiigton—Biles-Coleman Lumber ~\l(’"ll & Rlng- C- 8- l‘ul"l"’r & Slllllgle

Tree farmers must cope with f()r- company. Omak: Peshastin Lumber and 1, it 1,

est res. invasions of insects and Box. lnc.. Peshastin: Cascade Lumber PROGRESS REPORTdisease and wind damage, Generally, company. Coldeiidale division. Colden- February L 1956tree farm operators pool their resources dalei Cascade Lumber company. Yaki- Numb" M. Acre“ Inand cooperate with governmental forest mill Nortlierli Pacic Railway coiii- State Tree Farms rec fgdrntsagencies to prevent and control forest pally: Milwaukee Land company. Idaho -117 888.4-96res. Removal of infected and suscepti- ldaho~Potlatch Forests. lnc.. Lewis- Minnesota 412 423,871ble trees. aerial spraying and other con- ton: Diamond Match company. Spo- Montana -1-9 959.623trol measures are used to ght disease kane. Wash.: Boise Payette Lumber No. Dakota 101 38,342and insects. company. Coeur d’r\lene: Pack liiyer Oregon 200 3.4-34,027

In the early days of the tree farm Tree Farm Products. Spokane. Wash. W'ashingt0n 264 3.300.743movement, most of the participants were MOI1lana—.l- Neils Lumber company. ., ,, r,industries which owned large tracts of Libby: Anaconda company. Bonner: Puget Sound Pulp & Timberllmber. Currently. however. the trend 15 blacier Park company. bomersz l\orth- .

- . . . company. West Tacoma Newsprintpointed toward llIlp!‘0\€‘ttl8Itt on sinall- 61'" Pacic Railway company.er ownerships on farms and ranches. The above list is not complete. but Cogpanyi Th L B “L b.-\niong tree farms sponsored by the it represents the major geographic reg,?.: Be horggue L unl‘) er comWestern Pine association in Oregon. lumber-producing areas in each state. pally" e Om i e y um er cinn-Washington, ldaho and Montana, near- In the Douglas r region of west, gang Cjrolwn Zelllerbich corporation’lv -18 er cent contain 160 acr or - ' - ' ' Omson um er Corporalon’. P 95 ern Washington and western Ore on. - ,|eSS_ T“.emy_seven per cent are between following of indufrial Willamette Valle) Lumber companY,160 and 640 acres in size, and only six farms: P ‘ ‘ Hult Lumber company, Walter A. Wood-

lier cent are larger than 20000 aCre5' Washington—Weyerhaeuser Timber :;li,;,u,:l,lberg?::T:l:,nyi;§;:0. , -Pyactlilcalllyall inajor companies company, Crown Zellerbacli Corpl, St. Company’ Bohemia Lumber company,

in tie ortiwest which own timber Paul S. Tacoma Lumber company..\imp- Elk Lumber Company’ Oregon Pulp grant haye (8ltl8(l tree farms. Follow son Logging (Otl]plI_\. Rayonier. lnc., paper company, We}-erhaemer Trmber

company. Pope 8; Talbot. lnc., ValsetzLumber company, Georgia-Pacic Ply-wood company, Fir Milling 8." PlaningCo.. lnc.. Timber Products company,Longview Fibre company, Kogap Lum-ber Industries. Associated PlywoodMills. division of U. 3. Plywood corp-oration. Fir-Tex lnsulating Board. lnc.,Stokes Lumber company. Timber Prod-ucts Company of Oregon, Freres Luni-ber company, Swanson Brothers Log-ging company., lnc., Moser Lumbercompany. Medford corporation, RalphJohnson Lumber company, PortolaLumber company, l. P. Miller Lumbercompany. Timber Service company,Miami corporation.

ln Minnesota, where most tree farmsconsist of small holdings, the sponsor-ing agency is Keep Minnesota Green,lnc. The following companies operatetree farms in this state of 20,000 acresor more: Minnesota 8: Ontario Paper

A NEAR-BY DIESEL TRACTOR is supplying electrical power to run this modern company’ Minneapolis; The Northwestsaw, felling a pine tree in Klickitat county. soulhcentral Washington. The tree farm Paper company! Cloqueti Kimberly‘movement, started in I941 in u northwest state. continues its gain in that section. Clark of Mlnn95°t3- Duluth-THE §\'ORTl>l"E§T. Marc-In-April, I956

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Rich Montana Vcilley Biggest Lamb Chop ProducerFarmers Along Yellowstone River Have Proposed Fatfening Stock for Market

The largest farm feedlot operationscarried on anywhere in northwest statesoccur in western North Dakota andeastern Montana, on irrigated landalong the Yellowstone river, betweenForsyth and Fairview.

During the present winter 422 farm-ers and one commercial operator, theHolly Sugar corporation, had on feedin that area 30,4-25 head of cattle, 166,-4-02 lambs and 18,259 ewes.

Nearly all of this livestock was fat-tened for market. The predominatingration consisted of locally raised alfalfahay, barley and dried molasses beetpulp.

LAW“ (“op SPECIALQ noun» FOR menu v|i

‘NORTHERN PACIFIC6hf/lRGIST

' -'_'ii‘-'1' .::»i;§;3i~@‘ - c.,._.._,__.—/Q9’!

Winter feeding of livestock, particu- WHEN SHIPPING OF FAT LAMBS began recently at Sidney Mont., biggest centerlarly lambs, was begun On the irrigated of feeding in the Yellowstone valley, Northern Pacic carried a trainload, called thefa;-ms of [he Sidney area in [he laie lamb chop special, to eastern markets. On hand on loading day were the persona1920's and has been continued ever pictured above. In the following list of names, from left to right, where no addresssince. Oats Corn and wet sugar beet is -given, it is Sidney: front row‘—Arthur- Hanson; Wiilmer Reisig; Jacob Miller; Danpulp used at rst The Holly Sugar :;l'l(3t;; Jéiyliatonde; Eddile Lzwis, klneeling un-der sign, face shaded; Herb. Kincaid;corporation, with factory Sidney, ‘r. .. . a er, -seated, eat er'_|ac ct and winter cap; R. ‘C. Hall, kneeling under

sign directly behind Dr. Baker, Dean Beck; Haruiond Pigg, dark cap; Williambegan (irymg its by'pr?duCi_puip* Buchholz; Gussey Oberfell, with western hat; Forrest Markle, behind Oberfell; Oak-and adding molasses to it iiiree years ley Dayton, seated, wearing plaid jacket; Eldridge Peterson, kneeling behind Dayton;380- Monroe Nelson, dark cap and glasses, just over Peterson’s shoulder, Billings; Back

One authority remarked, “There is row—William Lorenz; Jake Reisig; Elmer Herdt, no hat, Dore, N. D.; Tiny Erickson,no oghgy dist;-iqi in this state where we face partly shaded; Maynard Sholts, checkered shirt, Bismarck, N. D.; W'illiainhave developed diversied farming so Hardy; Melvin Dschaak, Dore, N. D.; George Murray, hand on sign; Carl Dynneson,highly as the livestock feeders have face shaded; Bert Underwood, Miles City; W. E. Husband, St. Paul; Dick Haas; Tom

1 h Y H - 1 ll Foreman, Glendive. The farmers fattened 166,402 lambs during the past winter.aong t e e owstone river. t rea yputs these Montana farmers in aboutthe Sanie Qaieggfy as [he successful ffllllly Of ll]? SOllS. maintained lllCl'l lamb Cl‘lOpS ll] llll 0|]? Slllplllllt¢0i-nbelg operate;-_” reason of the livestock feeding program. in addition to legs of lamb. shoulders

Another observer commented that a The fat livestock moves to market in ami Oiiier iiiviiiiig ii‘ibii5-ne record in repayments made to retire trainloads. One such train over the Some feeding is done in the Billingsthe cost of irrigation works of the mul- Northern Pacic from Sidney not long and Missoula territories, too. where by-timillion dollar Lower Yellowstone lr- ago was called “operation lamb chop." products from the Great Western 5ugarrigation project has been established in An amateur statistician estimated that company and the American Crystalno small measure because of the high there were just short of 500.000 half- Sugar company are used.

THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILWAYST. PAUI. ‘I, MINNESOTA

For! 3547 loquoed

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