Nick Kubarych

March 4, 2014

MSRE 517

Dr. Miller

HVACHEATING VENTILATION AIR-

CONDITIONING

Photo: Dunwoody College of Technology

1) Components

2) Functionalities

3) Benefits

4) Inefficiency Costs

5) Improved Efficiencies

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Photos: Chiller (top) Iron Horse Mechanical, Boiler (bottom) Chamberline Home & Building Services Inc.

Air Intake

Heating Element

Cooling Element

Transport & Delivery

Exhaust Output

BASIC COMPONENTS

Source: ClimateTechPhoto: Allhvacinfo.com

Reduction of energy costs

Improved Air Quality resulting in greater productivity Reduced exposure to

respiratory and common illnesses

Decreased healthcare costs for employers & taxpayers

Precise climate control within individual area of a building

BENEFITS OF A WELL FUNCTIONING HVAC

Source: Indoor Air Quality Handbook (2001), Indoor Air Dec 2002Photo: Wired Magazine

Conventional HVAC accounts for 40% of a buildings energy costs

Traditional Cast Iron and Water-Tube Boilers are only 78-86% efficient

Lack of zonal control can result in 25% increased consumption

Estimated loss of $25-50B in US due to productivity reduction from preventable air borne illnesses (1996)

CONSUMPTION & INEFFICIENCY COSTS

Sources: Indoor Air Quality Handbook (2001), ClimateTech, UPMC Center for Health Security, SBA.gov

NEW BUILDINGS

Start with a good design “Plan for expansion, but do not size for it”

Maximize zonal controls

Well located fresh air intake

Low placement of warm air delivery components

Cost for major components is based on size and complexity Installation costs on conventional HVAC ~$8-11/SF

Typical payback on 30% more efficient system is 3-5 years

Highly efficient chiller with 4mW capacity costs ~$840,000

COSTS & FEASIBILITY

Sources: ClimateTech, Geo Heat Center

EXISTING BUILDINGS

Simple Improvements Install Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) on pump & fan motors 35-50% efficiency increase over conventional constant speed motors

6 month-2 year cost recovery

Automatic Shut-offs Occupancy sensors

Escalators, vending machines, lights, exhaust fan

Air Circulation Replace filters often and improve filter redundancy

Decrease rate of air exchange and reduce pressure

Seal connections and gaskets within filters to minimize leakage

INCREASED EFFICIENCY

Source: FacilitiesNet, ClimateTech, UPMC Center for Health Security

1 World Trade Center Air conditioning supplied by

highly efficient chiller that uses water from the Hudson River for cooling

Constant IAQ monitoring helps maintain optimal air quality while reducing load

Heat blocking glass and auto dimming lights

IN THE NEWS

Source: ThomasNet NewsPhoto: Wikipedia

Any Questions?

THANK YOU

Biosecur i t y and B io te r ro r i sm . Vo lume 4 , Number 1 , 2006 . © Mar y Ann L ieber t , I nc .

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F i sk WJ , Fau lkner D , Pa lonen J , Seppanen O . Pe r fo rmance and cos ts o f pa r t i c le a i r f i l t ra t ion te c hno l o g i e s . I ndoor A i r Dec 2002 ;1 2(4 ) :223–234.

Ch i -Nguyen Cam, W ynn . "H igh l y E f f i c ien t He at ing , Ve n t i l a t ion and A i r Cond i t i on ing . " H i g h l y E f f i c ien t Heat ing , Ven t i l a t ion and A i r Cond i t i on ing . C l imateTec h W ik i , 2006 . We b . 1 Mar. 2014 . <h t tp : //c l imate techwik i .o rg/ te chno logy/h igh l y -e f f i c ien t -hvac> .

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Au d in , L indsay. " Improv ing HVAC E n e r g y C o s t s on the Cheap . " Fac i l i t i e s n et . Fac i l i t i esne t . com, Jan . 2006 . We b . 1 Mar. 2014 . <h t tp : //www. fac i l i t i esne t . com/hvac/ar t i c le/ Improv ing -HVAC -Energy -Cos ts -on - the -Cheap - -3744> .

Ch iasson , Andrew. F INAL REPORT L IFE -CYCL E COST STUDY O F A G E OTH E R M A L H E AT P U M P SY STEM B IA OFF ICE BLDG. , WINNEBAGO, NE . Re p . K lamath Fa l l s , OR : Geo -Heat Cente r, O regon Ins t i tu te o f Te c hno logy, 2006 . P r in t .

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" H VAC S y s te m s | S B A .g ov. " H VAC S y s te m s | S B A .g ov . SBA in Par tne r s h ip w i th Bus iness USA , 2014 . We b . 2 Mar. 2014 . <h t tp :// www.sba .gov /conte n t/hvac - sys tem s> .

SOURCES