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New York County:New York County: AN ENVIRONMENTAL AN ENVIRONMENTAL DIAGNOSISDIAGNOSIS
By: Liam FitzgeraldBy: Liam FitzgeraldSophomore, Tamarac High SchoolSophomore, Tamarac High School
Mentored by: Pedro de la Torre IIIMentored by: Pedro de la Torre III
LOCATIONLOCATION
Southern NYSSouthern NYS
Borough of Borough of ManhattanManhattan
East, Hudson, East, Hudson, and Harlem and Harlem RiversRivers
TIMELINE OF NY TIMELINE OF NY COUNTYCOUNTY
2014: Brewer is elected as
borough president
2014: de Blasio elected as NYC mayor
2012: Hurricane Sandy Strikes NYC
1524: French explorer Giovanni de Verrazano visits present day NYC
1609: Columbus discovers and maps present day Manhattan Island
1624: New Amsterdam is established
2001: Terrorist Attacks on WTC2001: Final landfill in
NYC closes
1825: Opening of Erie Canal (Connected Atlantic Port to Midwest)
1898: Consolidation of 3 counties into NYC1904: Establishment of
NYC subway system 1925: Manhattan takes over as “world’s most popular city (previously London)
1857: Central Park opens
1990’s: Crime rates drop dramatically
BACKGROUNDBACKGROUND
Known as economic Known as economic and cultural center of and cultural center of the United Statesthe United States
Population: 1.6 million Population: 1.6 million people (69,469 per people (69,469 per square mile)square mile)
Attracts more than 50 Attracts more than 50 million tourists each million tourists each yearyear
GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT
Manhattan Borough Manhattan Borough President: Gale A. President: Gale A. BrewerBrewer
NYC Mayor: Bill de NYC Mayor: Bill de BlasioBlasio
59 community boards59 community boards
ENVIRONMENTAL/ENVIRONMENTAL/OTHER CONCERNSOTHER CONCERNS Lead exposure Lead exposure
(in children)(in children)
Garbage Garbage disposaldisposal
Storm Storm readinessreadiness
LEAD EXPOSURELEAD EXPOSURE
Used as indicator Used as indicator for environmental for environmental and financial healthand financial health
1,425 children 1,425 children poisoned in 2012 poisoned in 2012 (NYC.gov) (NYC.gov)
Neighborhood Neighborhood housing housing apartmentsapartments
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONPOSSIBLE SOLUTION
Enforcement of Enforcement of regulating paintregulating paint
Childhood Lead Childhood Lead Prevention Act of Prevention Act of 20032003
Education of Education of residents/landlordresidents/landlords/business owners s/business owners about the dangers about the dangers of lead paintof lead paint
““WEALTH GAP”WEALTH GAP”
21.2% of residents 21.2% of residents below poverty linebelow poverty line99
64.7% graduation 64.7% graduation rate in NYC schoolsrate in NYC schools
53,890 housing 53,890 housing apartmentsapartments
-Connection -Connection to lead poisoningto lead poisoning
GARBAGE DISPOSALGARBAGE DISPOSAL
36,200 tons of garbage 36,200 tons of garbage produced every dayproduced every day
All NYC landfills closed All NYC landfills closed since 2001since 2001(6)(6)
““20 Year Plan”20 Year Plan”– Transport trash to other Transport trash to other
state’s landfills via truckstate’s landfills via truck
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONPOSSIBLE SOLUTION
Barge garbage to Barge garbage to other town’s in other town’s in New York StateNew York State
Boost upstate’s Boost upstate’s economyeconomy
Creates jobsCreates jobs
DISASTER READINESSDISASTER READINESS
NYC Office of NYC Office of Emergency Emergency ManagementManagement
Effects of Hurricane Effects of Hurricane Sandy in 2012Sandy in 2012– 53 total deaths of NYC 53 total deaths of NYC
residentsresidents– Hundreds of homes Hundreds of homes
destroyeddestroyed– Approx. 250,000 vehicles Approx. 250,000 vehicles
destroyeddestroyed– $18 billion loss$18 billion loss– Approx. 94,769 power Approx. 94,769 power
outages in NY County outages in NY County (ConEdison Inc.)(ConEdison Inc.)
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONPOSSIBLE SOLUTION
Storm walls Storm walls
New, anti-storm New, anti-storm infrastructure infrastructure
Evacuation Evacuation strategystrategy
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORSINDICATORS
Air QualityAir Quality
Type of Energy Type of Energy UsedUsed
Greenhouse Gas Greenhouse Gas EmissionsEmissions
AIR QUALITYAIR QUALITY
Improving, but Improving, but continues to be continues to be significant significant environmental environmental threatthreat
6% of annual deaths 6% of annual deaths accredited to air accredited to air pollution (NYC.gov)pollution (NYC.gov)44
PlaNYCPlaNYC
ENERGYENERGY
Nuclear and gas Nuclear and gas energy make up energy make up 97% of energy 97% of energy usedused
Large buildings Large buildings (skyscrapers) (skyscrapers) account for 45% account for 45% of NYC’s total of NYC’s total energy useenergy use44
POWER USAGE IN TIMES POWER USAGE IN TIMES SQUARESQUARE
161 megawatts (Bouey)161 megawatts (Bouey)33
Twice the amount of Twice the amount of energy used to power all energy used to power all casinos in Las Vegascasinos in Las Vegas
Enough power for Enough power for approx 161,000 U.S. approx 161,000 U.S. homes homes
Three times amount of Three times amount of power consumed in power consumed in Sierra LeoneSierra Leone
SOLAR PANELS IN NYC SOLAR PANELS IN NYC
2/3 of the one 2/3 of the one million rooftops in million rooftops in NYC are suitable for NYC are suitable for solar panels (CNN)solar panels (CNN)11
City could receive City could receive about half of total about half of total electricity from the electricity from the panelspanels
Reduces chance of Reduces chance of blackout (summer)blackout (summer)
GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSEMISSIONS
7.1 metric tons 7.1 metric tons per capitaper capita(2)(2)
San Francisco=11.2 San Francisco=11.2 metric tons per metric tons per capitacapita
Majority of residents Majority of residents (60-70%) do not own (60-70%) do not own motor vehiclesmotor vehicles
Mass transit Mass transit (subways/taxis)(subways/taxis)
RECAPRECAP
““Setting a standard”Setting a standard”
PlaNYCPlaNYC
Enforcement of Enforcement of landlordslandlords
““Clean Up!”Clean Up!”
Solar PanelsSolar Panels
NOTABLE SOURCESNOTABLE SOURCES
1) http://money.cnn.com/2011/07/25/technology/solar-new-york/1) http://money.cnn.com/2011/07/25/technology/solar-new-york/
2) http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/12/30/us-newyorkcity-climate-idUSBRE9BT0QN201312302) http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/12/30/us-newyorkcity-climate-idUSBRE9BT0QN20131230
3) http://theworldbyroad.com/2013/07/the-power-to-light-up-times-square/3) http://theworldbyroad.com/2013/07/the-power-to-light-up-times-square/
4) NYC.gov4) NYC.gov
5) "Carbon Visuals." : New York's carbon emissions. http://www.carbonvisuals.com/work/new-yorks-carbon-emissions-in-5) "Carbon Visuals." : New York's carbon emissions. http://www.carbonvisuals.com/work/new-yorks-carbon-emissions-in-real-time (accessed March 31, 2014).real-time (accessed March 31, 2014).
6) Cohen. 2010. “Wasted: New York City’s Trouble with Disposal”, 8–5. 6) Cohen. 2010. “Wasted: New York City’s Trouble with Disposal”, 8–5.
7) Environmental Protection Agency. "U.S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report." EPA. 7) Environmental Protection Agency. "U.S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report." EPA. http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/usinventoryreport.html (accessed April 15, 2014).http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/usinventoryreport.html (accessed April 15, 2014).
8) “Lead Posioning Prevention.” 2014.8) “Lead Posioning Prevention.” 2014.The Official Website of the City of New YorkThe Official Website of the City of New York. 1. . 1.
9) “National Poverty Rates.” 2013. 9) “National Poverty Rates.” 2013. U.S. Census Bureau 2012U.S. Census Bureau 2012, 1. , 1.
10) Steve Hargreaves. 2013. “Solar Power in the Big Apple.”10) Steve Hargreaves. 2013. “Solar Power in the Big Apple.”CNNMoneyCNNMoney, 3–14. , 3–14.
11) Tatianna Morin. 2014. “Soil and Water Health in NYC.” 11) Tatianna Morin. 2014. “Soil and Water Health in NYC.”
12) "The 2012 Statistical Abstract." - U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/ (accessed April 5, 12) "The 2012 Statistical Abstract." - U.S. Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/ (accessed April 5, 2014).2014).
13)Weaver, Terri. "NY Safe Act meeting with Cuomo." syracuse.com. 13)Weaver, Terri. "NY Safe Act meeting with Cuomo." syracuse.com. http://www.syracuse.com/news/index.ssf/2014/02/ny_safe_act_meeting_with_cuomo_yields_frank_talk_but_no_promises_ohttp://www.syracuse.com/news/index.ssf/2014/02/ny_safe_act_meeting_with_cuomo_yields_frank_talk_but_no_promises_of_changes_to_l.html (accessed March 31, 2014).f_changes_to_l.html (accessed March 31, 2014).