New Developments in Ovulation Synchronization · 2015-12-11 · 12/11/2015 4 Ovsynch decreased average days open by 19 days (118 to 99) Days to Conception (Days Open) Conception Risk

12/11/2015

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NewDevelopmentsinOvulationSynchronization

Milo Wiltbank [email protected],

Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI, USA

12/11/2015

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21d-Preg Rate

ServiceRate

ConceptionRisk

30%

Ovsynch

To Celebrate 20 Years of Ovsynching

Let’s DoLargest Synchronized Ovulation

in History

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What have we learned about Ovsynch in 20 years?

Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat

GnRH

PGF GnRH TAI

Improves Service Rate!

Does not improve Conception Risk!

Days to First Artificial Insemination

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Ovsynch decreasedaverage days open by

19 days (118 to 99)

Days to Conception (Days Open)

Conception Risk

Expt.# of

AnimalsControl -

EstrusOvsynch

Lactating Cows 1 546 42% 39%

2 311 39% 39%

Heifers 2 155 74% 35%*

No improvement in conception risk with Ovsynch.

Ovsynch can decrease conception risk in animals with high fertility to estrus.

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Meta-Analysis of 71 Treatment and Control Comparisons extracted from 51 research papers.

Ovsynch Original

Rabiee et al., 2005

32% 42%

47% 32%

38% 60%

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10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Conception Rate in relation to milk productionSantos et al., 2001

Co

ws

pre

gn

ant

(%)

Milk production (kg/d)20 36 5042 69

All Cows Bred to Standing Heat

48%39%

35% 31%Ovsynch

Better Ovsynchs

LH surge

Estradiol

Progesterone

PreovulatoryFollicles

21 5-1 0 43Days from luteolysis

Lower producer

• Delayed LH surge• Ovulation of a larger follicle

• Shorter estrus

• Early LH surge• Ovulation of a smaller follicle

• Longer estrus

Higher producer

Oocyte overexposure to LH pulses

Premature oocytematuration

Ovulation of an aged oocyte

GnRH

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GnRH

PGF GnRH TAI 32%

Why 32%?

It’s not that great!



GnRH

PGF GnRH TAI Why 32%?

Cows Not Correctly Synchronized

High P4 Low P4 vulationO20%

Cows Correctly Synchronized

15‐25% 5‐15%

~50%

~50% CR=60%

CR<10%

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Pregnancies per AI

1. Ovsynch = Detection of Estrus ~ 32%

2. Presynch-12-Ovsynch > Ovsynch

Ovsynch Presynch12-Ovsynch

Moreira et al., 1997 Florida(only cycling cows)

29%a

(76/262)43%b

(114/264)+14%

(14/29=+48%)

Stevenson et al., 2003 Kansas State (all cows)

36%a

(98/272) 48%b

(133/278)+12%

(12/36=+33%)

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1st AI conception rates in Presynch-11 vs Estrus in lactating dairy cows

31%

45%P < 0.0001

n = 706 n = 651

Strickland et al., 2010

EstrusPresynch-11-Ovsynch

14/31 = +45%

Pregnancies per AI



3. Presynch-11-Ovsynch > Estrus

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Presynch-11 Ovsynchwith or without heat detection


PGF

PGF

GnRH

PGF GnRH AI

+ Estrus Detection28.9%

37.9%

49.2%

Pregnancies per AI1. Ovsynch = Detection of Estrus ~ 32%



4. Presynch-11-Ovsynch all timed AI > Presynch-11-Ovsynch with estrus detection

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19 Different studies summarized in Bamber et al., 2009

23.3% (1,356/5,818)

6 Different studies summarized in Wiltbank et al., 2006

26.1%% (726/2783)

8 Different studies summarized in Bisinotto et al., 2010

22.6% (1,267/5,607)

Stevenson et al., 2008 25.5% (270/1060)Veira-Neto et al., 2014 22.2% (348/1569)

Colazo et al., 2013 17.6% (107/608)Herlihy et al., 2012 24.7% (92/373)

Total 23.2% (3,858/16,651)

Incidence of Anovulation at 60-70 days after calving.

Double Ovsynch ScheduleSun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat

GnRH

PGF

GnRH

GnRH1

PGF PM GnRH

TAI-AM

CL ?

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% Anovular @ First GnRH

Double Ovsynch

Presynch-12-Ovsynch

P -value

Anovular @ GnRH1 (%)

6.3 %(23/366)

24.7 %(92/373)

<0.01

Pregnant/AI (%)

46.3 %(383/837)

38.2 %(349/850)

0.01

Pregnancies per AI1. Ovsynch = Detection of Estrus ~ 32%




5. Double-Ovsynch > Presynch-12-Ovsynch

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Double Ovsynch ScheduleSun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat

GnRH

PGF

GnRH

GnRH

PGF PGF PM GnRH

TAI-AM

Effect of a 2nd PGF

Parity One PGF% (n/n)

Two PGFs% (n/n)

Effect of PGF Difference (P)

Primiparous 38.90 (135/347)

40.82 (138/338)

+ 4.94% (P = 0.304)

Multiparous 32.60 (295/905)

36.47 (329/902)

+11.87% (P = 0.046)

P Value 0.04 0.17

Overall 34.35 (430/1252)

37.66 (467/1240)

+9.64% (P = 0.042)

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Pregnancies per AI





5. Double-Ovsynch > Presynch-12-Ovsynch

6. Double-Ovsynch w 2nd PGF > Double-Ovsynch

21d-Preg Rate

ServiceRate

ConceptionRisk

1995 –14%

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GnRH

PGF GnRH TAI

d 3

d 10

d 17

d 24

d 31 GnRH

d 38 PGF GnRH TAI

d 45

32%

32%

42 daysBetween AIs

21-dayPreg Rate= 18%

Day 32

21d-Preg Rate

ServiceRate

ConceptionRisk

1995 –14%

2010 –22%

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GnRH

PGF

GnRH

GnRH

PGF GnRH TAI

d 3

d 10

d 17

d 24

d 31 GnRH

d 38 PGF GnRH TAI

d 45

32%46%

32%

42 daysBetween AIs


+PGF 51%


+PGF 36%


21d-Preg Rate

ServiceRate

ConceptionRisk

1995 –14% 2015 –30%

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GnRH

PGF

GnRH

GnRH

PGF PGF GnRH TAI

d 3

d 10

d 17

d 24 GnRH

d 31 PGF GnRH TAI

d 38

51%

32%

35 daysBetween AIs

First AI = Double-Ovsynch2nd+ AIs = Resynch-25+CL check

Day 32 +PGF 36%

21‐dayPreg Rate= 32%

If No CL (15%) Start New Ovsynch with CIDR

42%

Reproductive GoalsI. First AI

A. No cow past 100 DIM at first AIB. High fertility at First AI; P/AI > 44%

II. Second and later AIsA. Short time between AIs (< 42 days)B. High fertility at 2nd+ AIs; P/AI > 36%

Have Consistent High Fertility Reproductive Management Program

Optimize Nutrition, Management, and Health to Optimize Success of the Program

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Proper nutrition during the dry period, transition period, before AI, and after AI is essential for optimizing reproductive efficiency.

Improving Reproduction

Genetics

NutritionMan

agem

ent P

hysiology

Genomics allow selection of cows that are high for DPR and Cow conception rate.

Reproductive management programs are available that drive service rate and also improve fertility.

Cow comfort, compliance, and AI skills are all essential for reproductive management.

Date Pregnancy Eligible

Pregnant 21‐dPregRate

5/1/2014 131 46 35%

5/22/2014 114 27 24%

6/12/2014 126 41 33%

7/03/2014 111 32 29%

7/24/2014 101 30 30%

8/14/2014 94 29 31%

9/04/2014 93 27 29%

9/25/2014 101 35 35%

10/16/2014 114 49 43%

11/6/2014 92 29 32%

TOTAL 1,077 345 32%

Pregnancy Eligible

Pregnant 21‐day Preg Rate

192 24 12%

199 30 15%

230 32 14%

237 35 15%

263 56 21%

261 35 13%

294 55 19%

279 64 23%

224 21 9%

0 0 0

2,179 352 16%

Date Pregnancy Eligible

Pregnant 21‐dPregRate

5/1/2014 131 46 35%

5/22/2014 114 27 24%

6/12/2014 126 41 33%

7/03/2014 111 32 29%

7/24/2014 101 30 30%

8/14/2014 94 29 31%

9/04/2014 93 27 29%

9/25/2014 101 35 35%

10/16/2014 114 49 43%

11/6/2014 92 29 32%

TOTAL 1,077 345 32%

Farm 2; VWP= 76 DIM

Farm 1; VWP= 40 DIM

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Item Farm 1 Farm 2 Difference

21‐d Preg Rate 16% 32% 2X

Service RateConception RiskFirst Service CR

2+ Service CR

PGF Use

GnRH Use

Straw/pregnancyStraw/Cow



Service Rate 52% 67% 129%Conception Risk

32.7%(356/1089)

50.5%(369/730)

156%

First Service CR

2+ Service CR

PGF Use

GnRH Use


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32.7%(356/1089)

50.5%(369/730)

156%

First Service CR 32.3%(146/452)

57.7% (205/355)

179%

2+ Service CR 33.0% (210/637)

43.7%(164/375)

132%

PGF Use

GnRH Use





32.7%(356/1089)

50.5%(369/730)

156%

First Service CR 32.3%(146/452)

57.7% (205/355)

179%

2+ Service CR 33.0% (210/637)

43.7%(164/375)

132%

PGF Use 2.79/cow 4.92/cow 2.13 X $2.65 =

$5.64

GnRH Use 3.09/cow 5.92/cow 2.83 X $1.55 =

$4.39


3.06/pregnancy

3.17/cow1.98/pregnancy

2.46/cow

‐0.71 X $20.00 =

‐$14.20

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Proper nutrition during the dry period, transition period, before AI, and after AI is essential for optimizing reproductive efficiency.

Improving Reproduction

Genetics

NutritionMan

agem

ent P

hysiology

Genomics allow selection of cows that are high for DPR and Cow conception rate.

Reproductive management programs are available that drive service rate and also improve fertility.

Cow comfort, compliance, and AI skills are all essential for reproductive management.

Documents

New Developments in Ovulation Synchronization · 2015-12-11 · 12/11/2015 4 Ovsynch decreased average days open by 19 days (118 to 99) Days to Conception (Days Open) Conception Risk