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Networks for Research and Education: The Future
Douglas E. Van HouwelingPresident & CEOInternet2
University of MontanaTuesday, 18 September 2007University Center Rooms 332-333
Overview
• Where we have been, and why– Internet2
• Innovation in higher education and research networking
• Implications for infrastructure
• Implications for the Internet
• The future: What we need to do
5/5/98
History & BackgroundHistory & Background
ARPANet 1987– NSFNet 1990 -- Advanced Network and Services
(ANS) 1994 -- WWW 1994 -- Commercialization 1997 -- Next Generation Internet
Initiative & Internet2
ARPANet 1987– NSFNet 1990 -- Advanced Network and Services
(ANS) 1994 -- WWW 1994 -- Commercialization 1997 -- Next Generation Internet
Initiative & Internet2
NSFNET• 1986 56 kb connections for supercomputing
centers• 1987 NSF Cooperative Agreement
• Merit, IBM, MCI, Michigan partnership
• 1988 T1 in production• 15% monthly growth• 1990 T1 link to Europe
• 1990 ANS T3 in production• 1995 Commercialization
5/5/98
5/5/98
Today’s InternetToday’s Internet Growing at 10 - 15% per month Capacity lags applications
• The “world wide wait”• Human interaction awkward
• Internet telephony• Video conferencing• Shared authoring
• Distributed large scale computing and data base efforts impossible
Growing at 10 - 15% per month Capacity lags applications
• The “world wide wait”• Human interaction awkward
• Internet telephony• Video conferencing• Shared authoring
• Distributed large scale computing and data base efforts impossible
5/5/98
Today’s InternetToday’s Internet
Mission-critical applications seldom pursued on the public Internet • Authentication• “Best efforts” not good enough
Intranets and Extranets instead• Match capacity and demand• Provide a more secure environment• Don’t reach the public at large, though!
Mission-critical applications seldom pursued on the public Internet • Authentication• “Best efforts” not good enough
Intranets and Extranets instead• Match capacity and demand• Provide a more secure environment• Don’t reach the public at large, though!
5/5/98
Barriers to ProgressBarriers to Progress
Providers swamped attempting to match capacity to demand
No large scale development environment available
Negative-sum competitive environment inhibits investment
Advanced applications can’t be deployed
Providers swamped attempting to match capacity to demand
No large scale development environment available
Negative-sum competitive environment inhibits investment
Advanced applications can’t be deployed
5/5/98
Advanced InternetProjectsAdvanced InternetProjects
Next Generation Internet (NGI)• Focused on:
• Federal mission agency needs
• Maintaining US Internet leadership
Internet2• Focused on:
• Higher education needs
• Moving the public Internet to the next level
Next Generation Internet (NGI)• Focused on:
• Federal mission agency needs
• Maintaining US Internet leadership
Internet2• Focused on:
• Higher education needs
• Moving the public Internet to the next level
DEVH AAU 10/21/96-9-
Internet II -- Objectives
• Response to Research & Education Needs
• Applications Innovation & Demonstration
• Reliable, Broadband Desktop to Desktop Connectivity
• Intercampus
• Intracampus
• Higher Education Control
• Transparent Interface to the Commodity Internet
• Rapid Transfer to Commercial Sector
What Does Internet2 Do?
Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet
Internet2 Universities209 University Members as of August 2007
Internet2 Affiliate Members• ACUTA• Altarum• American Distance Education Consortium• Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy
(AURA)• CERN• Charles R. Drew University• Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia• Cleveland Institute of Music• Cleveland Museum of Art• Coalition for Networked Information• Desert Research Institute• EDUCAUSE• ESnet• Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society
(HIMSS)• Howard Hughes Medical Institute• Indiana Higher Education Telecommunications System
(IHETS)• Inter-American Development Bank• Internet Educational Equal Access Foundation• Jet Propulsion Laboratory• Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory• The Library of Congress• Los Alamos National Laboratory
• Manhattan School of Music• NASA Goddard Space Flight Center• NASA Marshall Space Flight Center• National Archives and Records Administration• National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)• National Geographic• National Institutes of Health• NOAA – Washington, D.C.• National Science Foundation• New World Symphony• NIST• Oak Ridge National Laboratory• OSTN (Open Student Television Network)• Pacific Northwest National Laboratory• Ruth Lily Health Education Center• SURA• TOPIX• U.S. Census Bureau• United Nations System of Organizations• United States Antarctic Program• United States Dept. of Commerce Boulder Labs• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum• University Corporation for Atmospheric Research• University of North Carolina General Administration• The World Bank
Internet2 R&E Network Members• 3ROX• CEN• CENIC• CIC OmniPoP• CPE• FLR• GPN• Indiana GigaPoP• KanREN• LEARN• LONI• MAGPI• MAX• MCNC• Merit Network
• MOREnet• MREN• NJEDge.Net• Northern Lights GigaPoP• NOX• NYSERNet• OARnet• OneNet• OSCnet• OSHEAN• Pacific Northwest GigaPoP• PeachNet• SOX• UEN• WiscNet
State Education Networks Connected to Internet2
Internet2 Corporate Partners
Internet2 Corporate Sponsors
• Arbor Networks• Campus Televideo• Codian, Inc.• Foundry Networks• inSORS Integrated
Communications
• Polycom Worldwide• RADVISION• TANDBERG• VBrick Systems
Internet2 Corporate Members• ADVA Optical Networking• Apparent Networks• Arbinet-thexchange, Inc.• C-SPAN• Caterpillar, Inc.• Cdigix• Cedar Point Communications• Comcast Cable Communications• CommuniGate Systems• EBSCO Information Services• Education Networks of America, Inc.• Fujitsu Laboratories of America• Global Crossing• Google• HaiVision Systems, Inc.• Johnson & Johnson• KDDI Corporation• LifeSize Communications
• Lucent Technologies• Media Links, Inc.• Napster, LLC• Nippon Telephone and Telegraph (NTT)• Northrop Grumman Information Technology• OCLC Online Computer Library Center• OpVista, Inc.• RIAA• Red Hat, Inc.• Ruckus Network, Inc.• Schlumberger• Steelcase, Inc.• The Thomson Corporation• Verizon Business• Video Furnace, Inc.• VoEx, Inc• Warner Bros.
Current International Partners Asia-PacificAAIREP (Australia)APAN (Asia-Pacific)ANF (Korea)CERNET/CSTNET/ NSFCNET (China)JAIRC (Japan)JUCC (Hong Kong)MYREN/MDeC (Malaysia)NECTEC/UNINET (Thailand)PERN (Pakistan)REANNZ (New Zealand)SingAREN (Singapore)NCHC/TANet (Taiwan)
AmericasCANARIE (Canada)CEDIA (Ecuador)CLARA (Latin America & Caribbean)CNTI (Venezuela)CR2NET (Costa Rica)CUDI (Mexico)REUNA (Chile)RETINA (Argentina)RNP [FAPESP] (Brazil)SENACYT (Panama)
EuropeARNES (Slovenia)BELNET (Belgium)CARNET (Croatia)CESnet (Czech Republic)DANTE (Europe)DFN-Verein (Germany)FCCN (Portugal)GARR (Italy)GIP- RENATER (France)GRNET (Greece)HEAnet (Ireland)HUNGARNET (Hungary)NORDUnet (Nordic Countries)PSNC/PIONER (Poland)RedIRIS (Spain)RESTENA (Luxembourg)RIPN (Russia)SANET (Slovakia)Stichting SURF (Netherlands)SWITCH (Switzerland)TERENA (Europe)JISC, UKERNA (United Kingdom)
AfricaMCIT [EUN/ENSTINET] (Egypt)TENET (South Africa)
Middle EastEtisalat University College (UAE)Israel-IUCC (Israel)Qatar Foundation (Qatar)
South AsiaERNET/CDAC (India)
Internet2 International Partners
Summary
• Internet2 started October 1996• From 34 to over 200 universities today
– 50+ other research and non-profit institutions• From United Nations to Lawrence Berkeley Labs to the
New World Symphony– 50+ for profit companies– 30 state and regional R&E networks– Primary, secondary schools, museums, libraries,
healthcare institutions through Sponsored Educational Group Participants (SEGP)
– More than 50 international partners
Summary
• Internet2– Provides a high-performance network environment
for the US research and education community• optimized to meet the needs of research, teaching,
learning, clinical and outreach missions of that community
– Enables the development and deployment of new network, middleware and applications technologies, services and protocols
– Draws the community together to support these efforts
Technology– Computing continues to follow Moore’s Law– Storage is moving to the atomic level– Networking is exploding in the optical and
wireless domains– Identity management middleware enables virtual
communities– Human/Computer interface is rapidly evolving
• Culminating in the Cybersphere – persistent, pervasive, global, and immersive
information/knowledge environment
Integrated Systems Model
Internet2 infrastructure
K20 School
UniversityLibrary
Research Laboratory
UniversityLibrary
Library
ResearchLaboratory
K20 School
K20 School
Museum
Museum
NationwideNetwork Links
100 Mbps -10 Gbs
A New Networking Model
A New Networking Model
A New Networking Model
The Internet2 network
• Replaced the old “Abilene” backbone network• Hybrid optical and IP network • Fiber, optical equipment dedicated to Internet2;
Level 3 maintains network and service level• Infrastructure to support multiple networks
– Internet2 IP Service– Dynamic and static circuit services– ESnet’s next generation network
• Platform supports production services and experimental projects
Internet2 Network Capabilities
• Capacity and reliability to serve large scale projects – eVLBI, LHC, NEON, TeraGrid
• Flexibility to support smaller projects at lower bandwidths, for variable durations
• Lightpath provisioning to the campus
• Ideal platform for network research
Switched WDM Optical Layer
Provisioned Services
Internet2 Network: Infrastructure with Multiple Services
Routed IP Network”
“SONET Switched Network”
“Ethernet VLAN Switched Network (i.e., HOPI)”
Switched SONET Layer (vcat, lcas)
Multi-Layer GMPLS Networks
Ethernet Layer
Router Layer
Separate (Peering) Control Plane Instantiations for each of the above
Circuit Service Types
• Static Services - Configured by our NOC– Ethernet or SONET Framed over Lambda - Directly on the
Infinera wave equipment– SONET Circuits through the Ciena equipment– Ethernet Framed tagged or untagged circuits under SONET
via GFP– MPLS L2VPNs
• Dynamic Circuit Service– Only through the Ciena equipment at the start, eventually
evolving to the full platform– Create Circuits in seconds for periods of hours to weeks
Internet2 Network - Layer 1Internet2 Network - Layer 1
Internet2 Network Optical Switching Node
Level3 Regen Site
Internet2 Redundant Drop/Add Site
ESnet Drop/Add Site
The Crucial Role of the RONs
Advanced R&E Networking:Networking CapabilitiesTODAY
– Megabit-per-second bandwidth– IP-based services– Campus-focused middleware– Loose coordination across networks
TOMORROW– Gigabit-per-second bandwith– IP-based and Dynamic Circuit (DC) services– Inter-domain middleware – High coordination across networks
Middleware Infrastructure• Focus:
– Inter-institutional collaboration– Scalable authenticated/authorized access to
remote resources
• Internet2 role:– Defining/creating architecture: Shibboleth– Tools to implement: Shibboleth, Grouper,
Signet– Infrastructure/Services to scale: InCommon,
USHER
Advanced R&E Networking:ApplicationsTODAY• TV-Quality Videoconferencing• Gigabyte-class data sets among small research groups• Limited access to remote scientific instrumentsTOMORROW• Uncompressed HDTV and gigapixel displays• Terabyte-class data sets among global research groups• Routine, reliable, and discipline wide access to remote
scientific instruments
Access to Unique Scientific Instruments• Astronomy
• High-Energy and Nuclear Physics
Health Science Research and Instruction
Tele-health• Medical instruction
• Clinical practice
• Research
Images courtesy of NOAA
Weather Prediction and Disaster Recovery
Supporting Large-scale Distributed Sensor Networks
• Ecology
• Seismology
• Meteorology
Collaboration and Communication
Hi-fidelity Collaboration• HD-quality video
• CD-quality audio
Fine Arts Rehearsal and Performance
NEPTUNE
http://www.neptune.washington.edu/
Lewis and Clark: Then and Now
http://ali.apple.com/lewisandclark/
JASON
http://www.jason.org/
Digital Learning Commons
http://www.learningcommons.org/
CI Functions and Interactions
Instrumentation
Security
Control
DataGeneration
Computation
Analysis
Simulation
Program
Security
ManagementSecurity and
Access
AuthenticationAccessControl
Authorization
User
ControlProgram
ViewingSecurity
3DImaging
Display andVisualization
.
DisplayTools Security
DataInput
CollabTools
EducationAnd
Training
HumanSupportHelp
Desk
Policy andFunding
ResourceProviders
FundingAgencies
Campuses
SearchData SetsStorage
Security
RetrievalInput
SchemaMetadata
DataDirectories
Ontologies
Archive
Cyberinfrastructure Vision:More Than High-End Computing and Connectivity
• Focused making greater capabilities available across the science and engineering research communities
• Allows applications to interoperate across institutions and disciplines
• Ensures that data and software are preserved and easily available to all
• Empowers enhanced collaboration over distance and across disciplines
Report of the National Science Foundation Blue-RibbonAdvisory Panel on Cyberinfrastructure
Cyberinfrastructure Days
• TeraGrid, Open Science Grid, Internet2 and EDUCAUSE collaboration
• Assist campuses in their CI planning• Reach out to early and later-adopting
disciplines • Gather feedback/insight on services the
national organizations could provide to aid campuses and discipline communities
Additional Workshops
• Arts & Humanities• Dynamic Circuit Services • High-Energy Nuclear Physicists
(Large Hadron Collider)• IPv6• Multicast• Network Performance• Real Time Collaboration Tools
(Internet2 Commons)
Implications of Internet2’s Experience for the Internet• Higher education is a leader in Internet
technology innovation and deployment
• College student experiences drive commercial demand
• Fiber reaching ever-closer to the end user
• New industries (gaming, home video creation/sharing) are demand drivers
04/21/23 62
Next Steps in Network Development• Optical and wireless technologies
– New types of transport technologies– All-optical switching– 10x leap in bandwidth– Ubiquitous coverage
• Middleware deployment
• Next generation of Internet protocols (IPv6)
The Future
• A Vision for the US NREN• Internet2• NLR• Regional & state networks• Federal agencies• K-20/library/museum community
• An imperative for US capability and competitiveness
An Asset for the Community
Universities
Researchers
Regional Networks
K-12
Industry
International
An Asset for the Community
Universities
Researchers
Regional Networks
K-12
Industry
International
Questions?
• Find us at www.internet2.edu
www.internet2.edu