Natural Gas and Near Zero Engine Technology - PPTA · Natural Gas Engine Cummins Westport Inc ... Mid range engine certified EPA/ARB ... FTP EURO FTP EURO FTP EURO FTP EURO

April 2016

Natural Gas and Near Zero

Engine Technology

Cummins Westport Inc. (CWI)

Cummins Westport Inc

Cummins Westport is a joint venture company established in 2001

– 50% - Cummins Inc. - world’s largest builder of commercial diesels,

– 50% - Westport Innovations Inc. - world leader in gaseous fuel engine technology

CWI offers 6 to 12 litre alternative fuel automotive engines. (CNG, LNG, RNG)

Engines are manufactured by Cummins.

Parts, service and training support through the Cummins Distributor network.

Over 60,000 engines delivered worldwide

Natural gas use in vehicles has grown and evolved over the past decade


Cummins Westport 3 E’s


Environmental Leadership

Meets Regulated 2010 EPA/Euro EEV

Lower greenhouse gas emissions

Energy Security Reduced reliance on oil

Biomethane (RNG) capable

Low cost pathway to Zero Emissions

Economic Benefits Improved Reliability

Improved Efficiency

Lower total fuel costs

Beats Regulated 2010 Limits by 90%!

Do NGV’s make sense for me? - Economics


Cost Areas Natural Gas Comparison to

Diesel

Factors to increase NG

benefit

Fuel Cost Historically lower price and

more stable

• Higher annual mileage =

larger fuel savings

• No need for DEF fuel. CWI

technology uses passive

TWC

Vehicle

Purchase

Price

Incremental price of NG

vehicle largely dependent on

off engine NG storage system

• Optimize fuel storage size

for desired range

• Incentive programs

available to cover

incremental cost of vehicle

Maintenance Minor additional maintenance

of NG engine ~$0.01/mile

• Follow CMI maintenance

intervals and procedures

• Use CMI authorized parts

• Set oil drain / service

intervals based on average

fleet speed.

• Check / drain fuel filter

daily

Do NGV’s make sense for me? - Infrastructure

Use Existing natural gas pipeline network

Build fleet specific infrastructure, consider:

– # vehicles in fleet

– Daily fuel consumption

– Do vehicles return to base every day

– How much time is available for refueling?

– Need for Fast Fill or Time Fill?


Type Pressure Time to Fill Cost

LNG Low Similar to diesel $$$

CNG – Fast Fill Higher Similar to diesel $$

CNG – Time (Slow) Fill

(most School Bus fleets use Time Fill)

Lower Overnight (>4hr) $

8.9 Litre

Spark Ignited

SEGR

Three Way Catalyst

66,000 lb. GVW

Refuse/Transit/Regional

P&D Truck/Mixers

Current CWI Natural Gas EnginesOver 60,000 engines delivered worldwide

6.7 Litre

Spark Ignited

SEGR

Three Way Catalyst

33,000 lb. GVW

School bus/MD Truck/Shuttle

bus/Sweeper/yard spotter

11.9 Litre

Spark Ignited

SEGR

Three Way Catalyst

Up to 80,000 lb. GVW

Regional Haul

Truck/Tractor/Refuse


Cummins Westport Engine Architecture

Cummins Westport engines feature spark ignition with Stoichiometric / EGR combustion

This combustion technology was introduced in 2007 with the ISL G, the first heavy duty engine to meet the EPA

2010 standards (0.2 g/bhp-hr NOx, 0.1 g/bhp-hr PM)

SEGR Technology is capable of lower emissions, particularly NOx

Cummins Westport engines are factory built, dedicated natural gas engines that are based on Cummins diesel

engine platforms with over 80% parts commonality


TThree Way

Catalyst

O2

Sensor

EGR Cooler

Ch

arg

e A

ir C

oo

ler

O2

Sensor

Throttle

FuelSpark Ignited

Spark

Plug

Fuel and Fuel Systems

Cummins Westport natural gas engines fuel requirements enable the use of both

CNG or LNG.

– Customers may choose CNG or LNG depending on duty cycle, application,

and/or fuel availability.

Natural gas fuel (CNG or LNG) must meet fuel quality requirements. The minimum

Methane Number is MN75

– A fuel quality calculator is available on the Cummins Westport website

– http://www.cumminswestport.com/fuel-quality-calculator

Regardless of how the fuel is stored on the vehicle, the engine fuel inlet pressure

requirement is the same

– ISB6.7 G and ISL G - minimum 70 psi, maximum 150 psi

– ISX12 G – minimum 60 psi, maximum 150 psi


Three Way Catalyst


Reduces three harmful emissions:

NOX, CO, HC N2, CO2, H2O

Simple, passive device

No Regeneration

No SCR

No maintenance

Consistent performance across all duty

cycles

Similar to catalyst on passenger cars

Packaged as part of muffler. Vertical or

horizontal mount.

Weighs ~ 100 lbs

Catalyst Inlet

NOX

CO

HC

Catalyst Outlet

N2

CO2

H2O

ISL G Natural Gas Engine

Introduced in 2007

8.9 Litre (540 cu. In.)

In line 6 cylinder

Charge Air Cooled (CAC)

Spark ignition

Peak Rating:

– HP-320 hp Torque -1000 lb-ft

Certified to 2016 EPA and CARB NOx and PM standards

Certified to Euro 6, EEV

Meets 2016 EPA GHG standards

– OBD in 2018

Three Way Catalyst Aftertreatment

Up to 66,000 lb GVW


Quiet Operation.


ISL G is 5.5 decibels

quieter at peak

torque and load

ISL G is 9.9

decibels quieter

at Idle/no load

Spark ignition provides

quiet operation

Communities notice the

natural gas noise

advantage.

ONE Diesel engine idling

is louder than TEN natural

gas engines idling

together

Natural Gas Engine


Key Product Attributes

– 4 cycle, spark ignited, in-line 6 cylinder, turbocharged, CAC

– Displacement – 11.9 litres (726.2 cu in)

– 2016 EPA/CARB certified

– Meets 2014 EPA GHG requirements

– Dedicated 100% natural gas engine

– Engine braking

– Manual/Automatic/AMT Transmissions

– Over 8,500 in service (+700 in Refuse applications)

Horsepower 320-400 HP 239-298 kW

Peak Torque 1150-1450 lb-ft 1559-1966 N-m

Torque at Idle 700 lb-ft 949 N-m

Aftertreatment Three Way Catalyst

Engine Brake

PerformanceOptional 240 HP @ 2100 RPM


Production

begins Q2

2016


Key Markets

– School Bus

– MD Truck (Class 6-8), Shuttle Bus, Vocational

Key Product Attributes– 4 cycle, spark ignited, in-line 6 cylinder, turbocharged, CAC

– Displacement – 6.7 litres (408.9 cu in)

– Peak rating: 260 hp, 660 lb-ft

– 2016 EPA/CARB certified

– Meet 2017 EPA GHG requirements

– Dedicated 100% natural gas engine

– Three Way Catalyst after-treatment

– Automatic Transmissions

– Base warranty will be same as ISB6.7 diesel

Natural Gas Engine


Model Power@ 2400 RPM

Torque @ 1600 RPM

ISB6.7 G 200 200 hp 520 lb ft

ISB6.7 G 220 220 hp 520 lb ft

ISB6.7 G 240 240 hp 560 lb ft

ISB6.7 G 260 260 hp 660 lb ft

Continued Emission Leading Performance


2007 2013 20162001

ISL G ISX12 G ISB6.7 G

First HD engine

certified 2010 EPA/ARB

0.2 g/bhp-hr. NOx

SEGR Combustion

First engine 2004 EPA

Certified

1.8 g/bhp-hr. NOx

Lean Burn Combustion

C Gas Plus

HD Truck engine

certified EPA/ARB

0.15 g/bhp-hr. NOx

SEGR Combustion

Mid range engine

certified EPA/ARB

0.1 g/bhp-hr. NOx

SEGR Combustion

First engine Certified

Near Zero ARB

0.02 g/bhp NOx

SEGR Combustion

2016

Particulate Matter (PM)

All CWI engines have met the 2010 EPA/ARB Particulate Matter (PM) standard (0.01 g/bhp-hr.) with a catalyst since 2001

Near Zero Emissions

Production

begins late

2016

Introducing Cummins Westport’s Path to Lower Emissions



Base ISL G engine design is the same

– Engine will be factory built at Cummins Rocky Mount Engine Plant

– Ratings and operational / maintenance procedures will be the same

– Warranty and Extended Coverage will be the same

– No change in technician service certification requirements

– Package size similar

Closed Crankcase Ventilation (CCV) will be added to engine

– Current ISL G has an open breather system.

– CCV Filter is chassis mounted

– CCV filter change required at 2,000 hours

Three Way Catalyst will change to meet next level emissions

– Remains maintenance free

– Larger size catalyst with addition sensor added

Engine Control Module Calibration Changes

Why Lower NOx Emissions?


High temperature engine combustion produces NOx

Via complex reaction with sunlight NOx leads to NO2

This Conversion leads to ground level ozone

formation

Criteria pollutants

– Ozone (NOx + VOCs = Smog)

– Particulate matter (PM) (soot)

– Carbon Monoxide

– Sulfur Dioxide (acid rain)

Toxic Air Contaminants (carcinogens and mutagens

in the air)

Greenhouse Gases = climate change

EPA and California ARB Certifications


Current ISL G certification

PM is 80% below the EPA standard

NOx is 35% below the standard

FTP EURO FTP EURO FTP EURO FTP EURO

STD 0.14 0.14 0.20 0.20 15.5 15.5 0.01 0.01

CERT 0.06 0.06 0.13 0.01 9.8 8.00 0.002 0.001

NMHC NOx CO PM

ISL G Near Zero certification

PM is 90% below the EPA standard

NOx is 90% below the NZ standard!

CO2 is 16% below NZ Standard!

FTP EURO FTP EURO FTP EURO FTP EURO

STD 0.14 0.14 0.02 0.02 15.5 15.5 0.01 0.01

CERT 0.01 0.000 0.01 0.004 1.5 0.3 0.001 0.000

NMHC NOx CO PM

Greenhouse Gas Reduction


Potential further GHG

reductions to near zero levels

when used with renewable

natural gas (RNG)

Greenhouse Gas

Emissions Criteria

Reduction

Engine related Methane

(CH4)

↓ 70% reduction

(crankcase and tailpipe)

Greenhouse Gases

(CO2 equivalent)

↓ 9% reduction

(technology pathway for further

reduction in 2019/2020)

Renewable Natural Gas

The use of renewable natural gas as a fuel reduces greenhouse gas emissions

Biogas is a mixture of methane and other gases produced from the natural decomposition of organic materials in landfills, composting or agriculture.

Purifying biogas to “pipeline quality” produces Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) or biomethane that is a pipeline-quality natural gas substitute.

Converting the methane that leaks from landfills or other sources to biomethane fuel has significant greenhouse gas emissions reduction benefits.

In addition, there's a 100% displacement of fossil fuels as RNG is a renewable resource.


Biogas based fuel

(RNG) improves

GHG reduction

Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Improves GHG Profile


Landfill gas and biogas that has been processed to “pipeline quality” is RNG

ISL G can operate on up to 100% RNG or as it sometimes called, biomethane.

ISL G / ISX12 G engines are currently in operation with renewable natural gas from

landfills (landfill gas) & dairy farms (biogas)

Waste Management,

Altamont Landfill Fair Oaks Dairy, Indiana

ISL G Near Zero Ratings (same as MY2015 ISL G)

ENGINE MODELADVERTISED

HP(KW) @ RPM

PEAK TORQUE

LB-FT @ RPM

GOVERNED

SPEED

ISL G NZ 320 320 (239) @ 2000 1000 (1356) @ 1300 2200 RPM

ISL G NZ 300 300 (224) @ 2100 860 (1166) @ 1300 2200 RPM

ISL G NZ 280 280 (209) @ 2000 900 (1220) @ 1300 2200 RPM

ISL G NZ 260 260 (194) @ 2200 660 (895) @ 1300 2200 RPM

ISL G NZ 250 250 (186) @ 2200 730 (990) @ 1300 2200 RPM


Application guidelines are the same as ISL G i.e. up to 66,000 lb. GVW.

Competition - Pricing (Transit)

“ISL G Near Zero” powered vehicle most cost effective Near Zero / Zero Emissions

product

Competitor prices from: Air Resources Board Mobile Source Control Division’s “Advanced Clean Transit May 2015” presentation

27Cummins Westport Inc

Summary

Cummins Westport has certified the ISL G Near Zero (NZ) NOx with EPA and

California ARB for Bus and Truck applications

Field testing is in progress in transit and refuse applications.

ISL G NZ NOx engines will be factory built and available in 2016 for new Bus and

Truck installations as well as for repowers of existing natural gas vehicles.

– There are no plans for retrofit kits for existing engines

Zero Emission technology at conventional propulsion system values!


SCHOOL BUS

OEM Thomas Blue Bird

Model Type D Type D

Engine ISLG 250

ISB6.7 G

ISL G 250

Bus OEM AvailabilityTRANSIT BUS

OEM New Flyer Nova ElDorado Gillig

Model 30/35/40/60 Low

Floor

LFS EZ Rider II 30/35/40 Low

Floor

Engine ISLG 280/320 ISL G 280 ISLG 250/280 ISLG 280

COACH

OEM MCI

Model Commuter Coach

Engine ISX12 G 400


ISX12 G Availability


OEM

Freightliner Peterbilt Kenworth Volvo Autocar

Model Cascadia

Day Cab, Sleeper

114SD

320

384

365

579

567

W900S

T660

T800 SH

T680

T880

VNL Xpeditor

Engine ISX12 G ISX12 G ISX12 G ISX12 G ISX12 G

Application Tractor Refuse

Tractor

Vocational

Tractor

Vocational

Tractor Refuse

ISL G TruckLOW CAB FORWARD / REFUSE

OEM AutoCar Mack Peterbilt Crane Carrier

Model Xpeditor TerraPro LE

Terra Pro CO

320 LET

Engine ISLG 300/320 ISLG 320 ISL G 320 ISLG 320


www.cumminswestport.com

Great source of information about natural gas engines and vehicles.

Features the Natural Gas Academy, a series of instructional videos

Designed to provide a general overview of operating a natural gas fleet

whether it is compressed (CNG) or liquefied (LNG)

ISX12 G and ISL G engine walk around, service and driver training videos


33

Thank You!

For more information:

Bill Boyce

East Regional Manager

(330) 720-9785

or

[email protected]

Or visit

www.cumminswestport.com

Documents

Natural Gas and Near Zero Engine Technology - PPTA · Natural Gas Engine Cummins Westport Inc ... Mid range engine certified EPA/ARB ... FTP EURO FTP EURO FTP EURO FTP EURO