NATO Treaty (1949)

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Te North Atlantic reaty (1949)

Washington D.C. - 4 April 1949

The Parties to this Treaty reafrm their aith in the purposes and principles o the

Charter o the United Nations and their desire to live in peace with all peoples and all

governments.

They are determined to saeguard the reedom, common heritage and civilisation o

their peoples, ounded on the principles o democracy, individual liberty and the rule o

law. They seek to promote stability and well-being in the North Atlantic area.

They are resolved to unite their eorts or collective deence and or the preservation

o peace and security. They thereore agree to this North Atlantic Treaty:

Article 1

The Parties undertake, as set orth in the Charter o the United Nations, to settle any

international dispute in which they may be involved by peaceul means in such a manner

that international peace and security and justice are not endangered, and to rerain in their

international relations rom the threat or use o orce in any manner inconsistent with the

purposes o the United Nations.

Article 2

The Parties will contribute toward the urther development o peaceul and riendly

international relations by strengthening their ree institutions, by bringing about a better

understanding o the principles upon which these institutions are ounded, and by promoting

conditions o stability and well-being. They will seek to eliminate conict in their international

economic policies and will encourage economic collaboration between any or all o them.

Article 3

In order more eectively to achieve the objectives o this Treaty, the Parties, separately and

jointly, by means o continuous and eective sel-help and mutual aid, will maintain and

develop their individual and collective capacity to resist armed attack.

Article 4

The Parties will consult together whenever, in the opinion o any o them, the territorial

integrity, political independence or security o any o the Parties is threatened.

Article 5

The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more o them in Europe or North

America shall be considered an attack against them all and consequently they agree that, i

such an armed attack occurs, each o them, in exercise o the right o individual or collective

sel-deence recognised by Article 51 o the Charter o the United Nations, will assist the

Party or Parties so attacked by taking orthwith, individually and in concert with the other

Parties, such action as it deems necessary, including the use o armed orce, to restore and

maintain the security o the North Atlantic area.

Any such armed attack and all measures taken as a result thereo shall immediately be

reported to the Security Council. Such measures shall be terminated when the Security

Council has taken the measures necessary to restore and maintain international peace

and security.

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Article 6 (1)

For the purpose o Article 5, an armed attack on one or more o the Parties is deemed to

include an armed attack:

on the territory o any o the Parties in Europe or North America, on the Algerian

Departments o France (2), on the territory o or on the Islands under the jurisdiction o

any o the Parties in the North Atlantic area north o the Tropic o Cancer; on the orces, vessels, or aircrat o any o the Parties, when in or over these territories

or any other area in Europe in which occupation orces o any o the Parties were

stationed on the date when the Treaty entered into orce or the Mediterranean Sea or

the North Atlantic area north o the Tropic o Cancer.

Article 7

This Treaty does not aect, and shall not be interpreted as aecting in any way the rights and

obligations under the Charter o the Parties which are members o the United Nations, or the

primary responsibility o the Security Council or the maintenance o international peace and

security.

Article 8

Each Party declares that none o the international engagements now in orce between it and

any other o the Parties or any third State is in conict with the provisions o this Treaty, and

undertakes not to enter into any international engagement in conict with this Treaty.

Article 9

The Parties hereby establish a Council, on which each o them shall be represented,

to consider matters concerning the implementation o this Treaty. The Council shall be

so organised as to be able to meet promptly at any time. The Council shall set up such

subsidiary bodies as may be necessary; in particular it shall establish immediately a deence

committee which shall recommend measures or the implementation o Articles 3 and 5.

Article 10

The Parties may, by unanimous agreement, invite any other European State in a position to

urther the principles o this Treaty and to contribute to the security o the North Atlantic area

to accede to this Treaty. Any State so invited may become a Party to the Treaty by depositing

its instrument o accession with the Government o the United States o America. The

Government o the United States o America will inorm each o the Parties o the deposit o

each such instrument o accession.

Article 11

This Treaty shall be ratifed and its provisions carried out by the Parties in accordance with

their respective constitutional processes. The instruments o ratifcation shall be deposited

as soon as possible with the Government o the United States o America, which will notiyall the other signatories o each deposit. The Treaty shall enter into orce between the States

which have ratifed it as soon as the ratifcations o the majority o the signatories, including

the ratifcations o Belgium, Canada, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, the United

Kingdom and the United States, have been deposited and shall come into eect with respect

to other States on the date o the deposit o their ratifcations. (3)

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Article 12

Ater the Treaty has been in orce or ten years, or at any time thereater, the Parties shall,

i any o them so requests, consult together or the purpose o reviewing the Treaty, having

regard or the actors then aecting peace and security in the North Atlantic area, including

the development o universal as well as regional arrangements under the Charter o the

United Nations or the maintenance o international peace and security.

Article 13

Ater the Treaty has been in orce or twenty years, any Party may cease to be a Party one

year ater its notice o denunciation has been given to the Government o the United States o

America, which will inorm the Governments o the other Parties o the deposit o each notice

o denunciation.

Article 14

This Treaty, o which the English and French texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited in

the archives o the Government o the United States o America. Duly certifed copies will be

transmitted by that Government to the Governments o other signatories.

1. The defnition o the territories to which Article 5 applies was revised by Article 2o the Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the accession o Greece and Turkey

signed on 22 October 1951.

2. On January 16, 1963, the North Atlantic Council noted that insoar as the ormer

Algerian Departments o France were concerned, the relevant clauses o this Treaty

had become inapplicable as rom July 3, 1962.

3. The Treaty came into orce on 24 August 1949, ater the deposition o the ratifcations

o all signatory states.

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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the Accession of Greece and urkey

The Parties to the North Atlantic Treaty, signed at Washington on April 4, 1949,

Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Kingdom o Greece and the Republic o Turkey to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows:

Article 1

Upon the entry into orce o this Protocol, the Government o the United States o America

shall, on behal o all the Parties, communicate to the Government o the Kingdom o Greece

and the Government o the Republic o Turkey an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic

Treaty, as it may be modifed by Article 2 o the present Protocol. Thereater the Kingdom o

Greece and the Republic o Turkey shall each become a Party on the date when it deposits

its instruments o accession with the Government o the United States o America in

accordance with Article 10 o the Treaty.

Article 2

I the Republic o Turkey becomes a Party to the North Atlantic Treaty, Article 6 o the Treaty

shall, as rom the date o the deposit by the Government o the Republic o Turkey o its

instruments o accession with the Government o the United States o America, be modifed

to read as ollows:

For the purpose o Article 5, an armed attack on one or more o the Parties is deemed to

include an armed attack:

1. on the territory o any o the Parties in Europe or North America, on the Algerian

Departments o France, on the territory o Turkey or on the islands under the

jurisdiction o any o the Parties in the North Atlantic area north o the Tropic o Cancer;2. on the orces, vessels, or aircrat o any o the Parties, when in or over these territories

or any other area in Europe in whicH occupation orces o any o the Parties were

stationed on the date when the Treaty entered into orce or the Mediterranean Sea or

the North Atlantic area north o the Tropic o Cancer.

Article 3

The present Protocol shall enter into orce when each o the Parties to the North Atlantic

Treaty has notifed the Government o the United States o America o its acceptance thereo.

The Government o the United States o America shall inorm all the Parties to the North

Atlantic Treaty o the date o the receipt o each such notifcation and o the date o the entry

into orce o the present Protocol.

Article 4

The present Protocol, o which the English and French texts are equally authentic, shall be

deposited in the Archives o the Government o the United States o America. Duly certifed

copies thereo shall be transmitted by that Government to the Governments o all the Parties

to the North Atlantic Treaty.

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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the Accession of the Federal Republic of Germany

The Parties to the North Atlantic Treaty signed at Washington on April 4, 1949,

Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Federal Republic o Germany to that Treaty, and Having noted that the Federal

Republic o Germany has, by a declaration dated October 3, 1954, accepted the obligations

set orth in Article 2 o the Charter o the United Nations and has undertaken upon its

accession to the North Atlantic Treaty to rerain rom any action inconsistent with the strictly

deensive character o that Treaty, and

Having urther noted that all member governments have associated themselves with the

declaration also made on October 3, 1954, by the Governments o the United States o

America, the United Kingdom o Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the French Republic

in connection with the aoresaid declaration o the Federal Republic o Germany, Agree as

ollows:

Article 1

Upon the entry into orce o the present Protocol, the Government o the United States o

America shall on behal o all the Parties communicate to the Government o the Federal

Republic o Germany an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. Thereater the

Federal Republic o Germany shall become a Party to that Treaty on the date when it

deposits its instruments o accession with the Government o the United States o America in

accordance with Article 10 o the Treaty.

Article 2

The present Protocol shall enter into orce, when

a. each o the Parties to the North Atlantic Treaty has notifed to the Government o the

United States o America its acceptance thereo,

b. all instruments o ratifcation o the Protocol modiying and completing the Brussels

Treaty have been deposited with the Belgian Government, and

c. all instruments o ratifcation or approval o the Convention on the Presence o Foreign

Forces in the Federal Republic o Germany have been deposited with the Government

o the Federal Republic o Germany.

The Government o the United States o America shall inorm the other Parties to the North

Atlantic Treaty o the date o the receipt o each notifcation o acceptance o the present

Protocol and o the date o the entry into orce o the present Protocol.

Article 3



copies thereo shall be transmitted by that Government to the Governments o the other

Parties to the North Atlantic Treaty.

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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the Accession of Spain


Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Kingdom o Spain to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows:

Article 1

Upon the entry into orce o this Protocol, the Secretary General o the North Atlantic Treaty

Organization shall, on behal o all the Parties, communicate to the Government o the

Kingdom o Spain an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. In accordance with

Article 10 o the Treaty, the Kingdom o Spain shall become a Party on the date when it

deposits its instrument o accession with the Government o the United States o America.

Article 2The present Protocol shall enter into orce when each o the Parties to the North Atlantic



Atlantic Treaty o the date o receipt o each such notifcation and o the date o the entry into

orce o the present Protocol.

Article 3





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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the Accession of the Czech Republic


Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Czech Republic to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows :

Article 1


Organization shall, on behal o all the Parties, communicate to the Government o the Czech

Republic an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. In accordance with article 10

o the Treaty, the Czech Republic shall become a Party on the date when it deposits its

instrument o accession with the Government o the United States o America.






Article 3



copies thereo shall be transsmitted by that Government to the Governments o all the Parties


In witness whereo, the undersigned plenipotentiaries have signed the present Protocol.

Signed at Brussels on the 16th day o December 1997.

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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the Accession of the Republic of Hungary


Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Republic o Hungary to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows :

Article 1



Republic o Hungary an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. In accordance with

article 10 o the Treaty, the Republic o Hungary shall become a Party on the date when it







Article 3







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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the Accession of the Republic of Poland


Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Republic o Poland to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows :

Article 1



Republic o Poland an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. In accordance with

article 10 o the Treaty, the Republic o Poland shall become a Party on the date when it







Article 3







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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the Accession of the Republic of Bulgaria


Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Republic o Bulgaria to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows:

Article 1


Organisation shall, on behal o all the Parties, communicate to the Government o the

Republic o Bulgaria an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. In accordance with

Article 10 o the Treaty, the Republic o Bulgaria shall become a Party on the date when it







Article 3





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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the Accession of the Republic of Estonia


Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Republic o Estonia to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows:

Article 1



Republic o Estonia an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. In accordance with

Article 10 o the Treaty, the Republic o Estonia shall become a Party on the date when it







Article 3





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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the accession of the Republic of Latvia


Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Republic o Latvia to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows:

Article 1



Republic o Latvia an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. In accordance with

Article 10 o the Treaty, the Republic o Latvia shall become a Party on the date when it







Article 3





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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the accession of the Republic of Lithuania


Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Republic o Lithuania to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows:

Article 1



Republic o Lithuania an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. In accordance with

Article 10 o the Treaty, the Republic o Lithuania shall become a Party on the date when it







Article 3





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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the accession of Romania


Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono Romania to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows:

Article 1


Organisation shall, on behal o all the Parties, communicate to the Government o Romania

an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. In accordance with Article 10 o the Treaty,

Romania shall become a Party on the date when it deposits its instrument o accession with

the Government o the United States o America.






Article 3





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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the accession of the Slovak Republic


Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Slovak Republic to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows:

Article 1


Organisation shall, on behal o all the Parties, communicate to the Government o the Slovak

Republic an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. In accordance with Article 10

o the Treaty, the Slovak Republic shall become a Party on the date when it deposits its

instrument o accession with the Government o the United States o America.






Article 3





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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the accession of the Republic of Slovenia


Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Republic o Slovenia to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows:

Article 1



Republic o Slovenia an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. In accordance with

Article 10 o the Treaty, the Republic o Slovenia shall become a Party on the date when it







Article 3





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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the Accession of the Republic of Albania


Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Republic o Albania to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows:

Article 1



Republic o Albania an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. In accordance with

article 10 o the Treaty, the Republic o Albania shall become a Party on the date when it







Article 3






Signed at Brussels on the 1st day o April 2009.

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Protocol to the North Atlantic reatyon the Accession of the Republic of Croatia


Being satisfed that the security o the North Atlantic area will be enhanced by the accessiono the Republic o Croatia to that Treaty,

Agree as ollows:

Article 1



Republic o Croatia an invitation to accede to the North Atlantic Treaty. In accordance with

article 10 o the Treaty, the Republic o Croatia shall become a Party on the date when it







Article 3






Signed at Brussels on the 1st day o April 2009.

Documents

NATO Treaty (1949)