National Action Plan on Chemical (industrial) Disaster Risk Management: Perception, approach and challenges Dr Rakesh Dubey Director Disaster Management

National Action Plan on Chemical (industrial) Disaster Risk

Management: Perception, approach and challenges

Dr Rakesh DubeyDirector

Disaster Management Instituteand

Member Secretary, National Action Plan

Evolution of National idrm system

UdaipurAugust 20, 2010 2

Chemical process plants

August 20, 2010 Udaipur 3

Influence creating factors

August 20, 2010 Udaipur 4


We suggest the model on the left for action plan

1. Prepardness : includes planning, prevention and mitigation i.e.

Risk assessment (HAZOP, FEMA, FTA, ETA, consequence assessment, probability estimation, etc. audits; on-site and off-site emergency plans, Training

Engineering change/modification for prevention and mitigation

ISO’s, OSHAS, Formal education in the area of safety, risk assessment, medical, fire fighting,

2. Response: Human behaviour, community involvement and participation in emergency process, response of fire fighters, medical response, police (law and order) eg Mock drills

These can be enhanced by Training, awareness building measures and integration with business continuity programme

1. Prepardness : includes planning, prevention and mitigation i.e.

Risk assessment (HAZOP, FEMA, FTA, ETA, consequence assessment, probability estimation, etc. audits; on-site and off-site emergency plans, Training

Engineering change/modification for prevention and mitigation

ISO’s, OSHAS, Formal education in the area of safety, risk assessment, medical, fire fighting,

2. Response: Human behaviour, community involvement and participation in emergency process, response of fire fighters, medical response, police (law and order) eg Mock drills

These can be enhanced by Training, awareness building measures and integration with business continuity programme


Prepardness :

• Planning: GIS based on-site and emergency

management plans Risk assessment should make a base for

plans Reach to all important stake holders by

using some common platform• Prevention: Compliance of laws and rules, by doing risk

assessment after assessing the consequences and probability by using HAZOP, FEMA, ETA, FTA and computer model for consequence analysis

• Mitigation Change in process, chemicals,

instrumention, machine, training of human beings, community and civil administartin invovment

• Training Planning, Prevention and mitigation

• Planning: GIS based on-site and emergency

management plans Risk assessment should make a base for

plans Reach to all important stake holders by

using some common platform• Prevention: Compliance of laws and rules, by doing risk

assessment after assessing the consequences and probability by using HAZOP, FEMA, ETA, FTA and computer model for consequence analysis

• Mitigation Change in process, chemicals,

instrumention, machine, training of human beings, community and civil administartin invovment

• Training Planning, Prevention and mitigation

includes planning, prevention and mitigation

i.e. Risk assessment (HAZOP, FEMA, FTA, ETA, consequence assessment, probability estimation, etc. audits; on-site and off-site emergency plans, ISO’s, OSHAS, compliance of the laws, engineering modification

Strengthening the regulators by knowledge upgradation to meet the challenges

Formal education in the area of safety, risk assessment, medical, fire fighting, for cadre development


HAZARD IDENTIFICATION METHODS:

- Process hazard checklist - Hazard survey: DOW index - HAZOP hazard & operability study - Safety review

RISK ASSESSMENT:

- What can go wrong & how ? - What are the chances ? - Consequences ?

EXTREMES:

- Low probability - Minimal consequences


Causality chainCausality chain

EmissionEmission

Environmentaldistribution

Exposure

Effects

MODELLINGor

MONITORING


Spatial scalesSpatial scales

Local scaleLocal scale Area around one point Area around one point

source/one industrysource/one industry Average environmental Average environmental

characteristicscharacteristics ““Reasonable worst Reasonable worst

casecase”” scenario scenario

Local scaleLocal scale Area around one point Area around one point

source/one industrysource/one industry Average environmental Average environmental

characteristicscharacteristics ““Reasonable worst Reasonable worst

casecase”” scenario scenario


Regional scaleRegional scale Area can be 200 x 200 kmArea can be 200 x 200 km 20 million inhabitants 20 million inhabitants 100 or 10% of production 100 or 10% of production Average environmentalAverage environmental

characteristicscharacteristics Two or more sourcesTwo or more sources

Regional scaleRegional scale Area can be 200 x 200 kmArea can be 200 x 200 km 20 million inhabitants 20 million inhabitants 100 or 10% of production 100 or 10% of production Average environmentalAverage environmental

characteristicscharacteristics Two or more sourcesTwo or more sources


Types of EmissionsTypes of EmissionsTypes of EmissionsTypes of Emissions

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Continuous emissions

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Intermittent emissions

Peak emissions

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Block emissions


Hazards and Risks in industriesHazards and Risks in industries

• LPG , Propane (under pressure in liquid phase)• Ammonia (under pressure/refrigeration in

liquid phase) • Chlorine (under pressure in liquid phase)• Hydrogen (under pressure in gases)• CO + CH4 (under atmosphere )


Response

• Recognize• Avoid• Isolate• Notify

What can I do


Response

• Training Plant staff from top to bottom including

the contractual labours, visitors, associates likes traders, suppliers consumers

• Community Involvement of community in all

important activities, disclosure of vital information with preparedness

• National/state/local Governments Assessment of weakness in medical

preparedness, fire fighting, law and order and corrective measures

• Mockdrills By involving all stakeholders including,

armed forces and NDRF

• Training Plant staff from top to bottom including

the contractual labours, visitors, associates likes traders, suppliers consumers

• Community Involvement of community in all

important activities, disclosure of vital information with preparedness

• National/state/local Governments Assessment of weakness in medical

preparedness, fire fighting, law and order and corrective measures

• Mockdrills By involving all stakeholders including,

armed forces and NDRF

Human behaviour, community involvement and participation in emergency process, response of fire fighters, medical response, police (law and order) eg Mock drillsCompliance of regulations


Protection layers for disaster free society


Seven Avenues

Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include:

SAFETYMANAGEMENT

ERRORTRAININGEDUCATIONMOTIVATIONTASK DESIGN

1

2 3 4 5 6 7


Seven Avenues


SAFETYPROGRAM

DEFECTREVISE INFORMATIONCOLLECTIONANALYSISIMPLEMENTATION

2

3 4 5 6 71


Seven Avenues


COMMANDERROR

TRAININGEDUCATIONMOTIVATIONTASK DESIGN

3

4 5 6 71 2


Seven Avenues


DESIGN REVISION VIA-- - SOP- REGULATIONS- POLICY LETTERS- STATEMENTS

4

5 6 71 2 3SYSTEM DEFECT


Seven Avenues


ENGINEERINGTRAININGMOTIVATION

5

6 71 2 3 4OPERATING

ERROR


Seven Avenues


7PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTBARRIERSSEPARATION

6

1 2 3 4 5 MISHAP


Seven Avenues


CONTAINMENTFIREFIGHTINGRESCUEEVACUATIONFIRST AID

7

1 2 3 4 5 6 RESULT


Preparedness + Response have base Preparedness + Response have base


Knowledge platform for example:www.hrdp-idrm.in


[email protected]

kindly visit www.hrdp-idrm.in


mailto:[email protected]

Documents

National Action Plan on Chemical (industrial) Disaster Risk Management: Perception, approach and challenges Dr Rakesh Dubey Director Disaster Management