Nathan ElsishansPeriod 6

Based on farming Aztec wealth flowed to Technochitlan Supplemented by hunting and gathering

Encomiendas Imported American gold Raised sheep Supplemented wool harvesting with

farming

Imported American materials Exported manufactured goods Controlled trade Mercantilism

Favorable balance of trade

Diversified Harvesting of lumber Fish from coast Small scale farming Leads to isolated communities

Few ports Difficulty exporting crops

Agriculture based Grew sugarcane Shipped crops back to England Moved crops north along rivers

Tobacco main crop Combination of Northern and Southern

colonies

Slave Trade Most slaves sold to large plantation owners England founded The Royal African Company

Monopolized English slave trade Disbanded and left trade to independent

merchants New England Traders

Bartered rum or salt fish Craft when bartering (sold in short measures/

watered rum often)

Loose packing Lower mortality rates leads to higher profit

Tight packing Packed as many slaves as possible for

maximum profit Had the upper hand

American Slavery Slaves cost twice as much as indentured

servants but had similar life expectancies Became more useful as resistance to disease grew

Royal African Company

William Pitt Suggested war be fought in North America Concentrated on colonial expansion

Colonies saw an influx of British resources and money

France lost all claims in North America England was economically devastated

Instituted by Charles Townshend Increased taxes on commodities (glass, tea,

paint, lead) External Tax Extra money used to pay royal officials

Boston Port Bill Closed the Boston port down Crippled Boston’s trading economy

Quartering Act Allowed for British troops to be stationed in

homes Increased the cost of living for anyone

housing a soldier

Required royal stamps to be placed on all official documents

Decreased the amount of money exchanged between colonists

Increased British revenue Internal Tax

Large National Debt Inflation Britain still most dominant trading

partner after the war Few coins in circulation Printed currency to pay for troops Leads to deflation Lost British trade during war Self sufficient communities Raw material export

Created many items domestically Got loans from Europe

Incurred £250 million national debt

Tax on whisky Encouraged small industries The Congress passed the Coinage Act The

act created the first US mint in Philadelphia. The mint was creating US coins and

establish a ratio of 15 to 1 between gold and silver

First Savings Bank created

Eli Whitney Created cotton gin Separated cotton from waste

Dominates Eastern economies Labor intensive Begins to be profitable in southern states

1. Who was the first Secretary of the Treasury? John Locke Alexander Hamilton Eli Whitney Thomas Jefferson

2. What machine allowed for harvesting cotton to become profitable? Spinning Ginny Steam Engine Cotton Gin Telegraph

3. Tariffs were meant to Protect small industries Block trade with France Increase the importation of British goods Block trade with Russia

4. Which of the following was a strategy used to raise money after the American Revolution? Increase taxes on exported goods Issue bonds Increase trade with France Stop Trade with Canada

5. The English began raiding Spanish ports To get revenge on the pope for declaring Spain as owners of the Americas Out of hatred of the Spanish king To disrupt the Spanish trade empire in the New World Because they were bored

6. The American Indians and French Traded and formed alliances with each other Despised each other because of French land encroachment Never came in contact with each other Worked together to create a series of successful plantations

7. Colonies in Virginia made the highest profit off of which crop? Maize Sugarcane Rice Tobacco

8. What was the main effect of importing silver and gold into Europe? Prices rose quickly due to inflation The standard of living for most peasants improved The price of tea in China dropped dramatically Slaves were imported from Africa to continue mining operations in the Americas

9. Before the advent of the slave trade, African economy was based on Small Farming communities Large scale exportation of sugar Manufacturing The European Iron trade

10. The Seven Years War Increased the amount of slaves imported into America Caused an economic crisis in England Transferred power in North America from England to France Decreased political tension between the colonies and England

11. A tobacco based economy was prominent in which colony? Georgia Rhode Island New York Virginia

12. Which of these acts was considered an internal tax? The Quartering Act The Stamp Act The Sugar Act The Townshend Revenue Acts

13. The increase in wealth among the rich colonists can be attributed to what cause? The lack of new farmland The sudden shift in focus from agriculture to manufactured goods A rapid decline in tobacco exports A strong increase in the need for furs

14. The most profitable crop in tropical regions was Tobacco Sugar cane Rice Hash

15. Which method was most commonly used by slave traders? Loose packing Land based caravans Tight packing Immediate resale to other African colonies

1. Alexander Hamilton2. Cotton Gin3. Protect small industries4. Issue bonds5. To disrupt the Spanish trade empire in the New

World6. Traded and formed alliances with each other7. Tobacco8. Prices rose quickly due to inflation9. Small Farming communities10. Caused an economic crisis in England

11. Virginia12. The Stamp Act13. The lack of new farmland14. Sugar cane15. Tight packing