NASA Space Medicine & Biology Aerc 9 Medicine and Biology, Weightlessness on Several Orchids

8/3/2019 NASA Space Medicine & Biology Aerc 9 Medicine and Biology, Weightlessness on Several Orchids

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NASA Aerospace Medicineand BiologyA ContinuingBibliographywith Indexes

NASA SP-7011(266)January 1985

< N A S A - S P - 7 0 1 1 ( 2 6 6 ) ) A E R O S P A C E H E D I C I N E A N D N85-17525B IO L O G Y : . A C O N I I K U I H G B I E I I O G B A P H X H I T HI N D E X E S (National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration) 5 8 p H C $ 7 . 0 0 CSCL 06E Unclas

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Medicine & Biology AercMedicine & Biology Aerr^ i& Biology Aei* ^*e & Biology /&&$$&MedicAern^g i'Medicine&y Aero^ f$r ftfledicine & Biom ^ f ^ L " ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ M mM^^ . ^ ^m*~ \t - Mm ^m . ^mmt m^m . rn rn^m*. \J W^ f I ^ PV%Jf^^ ivieuicine otoioiogy& Biology Aero& Biology Aerospace& Biology Aerospace Me


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ACCESSION NUMBER RANGES

Accession numbers cited in this Supplement fall within thefollowing ranges.STAR (N-10000 Series) N84-33366 - N84-35284IA A (A-10000 Series) A84-46526 - A84-49697

This bibliography was prepared by the NASA Scientific an d Technical Information Facilityoperated for the National Aeronautics an d Space Administration by PRC Government InformationSystems.


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SPECIAL NOTICEFOREIGN TECHNOLOGY INDEX IN THIS ISSUE

Documents referred to in this bibliography whose country of intellectual origin isother than the United States are listed in the Foreign Technology Index (see pageD-1).A gr eat deal of ex cellent scientific and technical work is done throughout the world.To the extent that U.S. researchers, engineers, and industry can utilize what isdone inforeigncountries,we save our resources. We can thus increase our country'sproductivity.W e are testing out this approach by helping readers bring foreign technology intofocus. W e wo uld like to know whether it is useful, and how it might be improved.Check below, tear out, fold, staple, an d re turn this shee t.Foreign Technology Index:

EH Isn't useful, so should be discon tinu ed.LJ Is useful, but other sources can be used.CH Is useful and shouldbe continued.EH Suggest ionsfor improvementstofutureissues:

Name (optiona l)Organization (optional).


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NASASP-7011(266)

AEROSPACE MEDICINEAND BIOLOGY

A CONTINUING BIBLIOGRAPHYWITH INDEXES(Supplement266)

A selection of annotated references to unclassifiedreports and journal articles that were introduced intothe NASA scientific and technical informationsys-tem and announced inDecember 1984 in

Scientific and TechnicalAerospace Reports(STAR)InternationalAerospaceAbstracts (IAA).

Scientific and Technical Information Branch 1985National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationWashington, D C


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NASA SP-7011 and its supplements ar e available from theNational Technical Information Service (NTIS). Questions onthe availability of the predecessor publications, AerospaceMedicine and Biology (Volumes I - XI) should be directed toNTIS.

This supplement is available as NTISUB/123/093 from the National Technical InformationService (NTIS), Springfield, Virginia 22161 at the price of $7.00 domestic; $14.00 foreign.


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INTRODUCTION

This Supplement to Aerospace Medicine and Biology lists 148 reports, articles andotherdocuments announced during December 1984 in Scientific and TechnicalAerospace Reports(STAR) or in International Aerospace Abstracts (IAA). The first issue of the bibliography waspublished inJuly 1964.In its subject coverage, Aerospace Medicine and Biology concentrates on the biological,physiological, psychological, and environmental effects to which man is subjected during andfollowing simulated or actual flight in the Earth's atmosphere or in interplanetary space.References describing similar effects of biological organisms of lower order ar e also included.Such related topics as sanitary problems, pharmacology, toxicology, safety an d survival, lifesupport sy stems, exobiology, an d personn el factors receive appropriate attention. In gen eral,emphasis is placed on applied resea rch, but referen ces to fundamen tal studies an d theoretical

principles related to ex perimen tal developmen t also qualify fo r inclusion.Each entry in the bibliography consists of a bibliographic citation accompanied in mostcases by an abstract. Th e listing of the entries is arranged by STA R categories 51 through 55 ,the Life Science s division. The citation s, and ab stracts when available, are rep roduced ex actlyas they appeared originally in IAA or STA R, including the original accession numbers from therespective announcement journals. The IAA items will precede the STAR items within eachcategory.Six indexes -- subject, personal author, corporate source, contract, report number, andaccession number -- are included.An annual index will be prepared at the end of the calendar year covering all documentslisted in the 1984 Supplements.


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AVAILABILITY OF CITED PUBLICATIONSIAA ENTRIES (A84-10000 Series)All publ ications abstracted in this Section are avai lable from th e Technical In forma t ion Serv ice,American Insti tute of A er onau t i c s an d Astronaut ics , Inc . (AIAA) , as fo l lows: Paper copies ofaccessions are available at $8.50 per document. Mic rof iche 1 '' of documents announced in IAAar e available at the rate of $4.00 pe r microfiche on demand. Standing order microfiche ar eavailable at the rate of $1.45 per microfiche for IAA source documents .Minimum air-mai l postage to foreign countr ies is $2.50 and al l foreign orders are shipped onpaym ent of pro-forma invoices.All inquiries and requests should be addressed to A IA A Technical Information Service. Pleaserefer to the accession number whe n requesting publ ications.STAR ENTRIES (N84-10000 Series)One or more sources from which a document announced in STAR is avai lable to the publ icis ordinari ly given on the last line of the ci tation. The most commonly indicated sources andtheir acronyms or abbreviations ar e l isted below. If the publication is avai lable from a sourceother than those l isted, th e publisher and his address wil l be displayed on the availability lineor in combination with the corpo rate source l ine.

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Avail: D OE Dep ository Libraries. Or ga nizations in U.S. cities and abroad that maintaincollections of Department of Energy reports, usually in microfiche form, ar e listedin Energy Research Abstracts. Services available from the D OE and its depositoriesare described in a booklet, DOE Technical Information Center - Its Functions andServices (TID-4660), which may be obtained without charge from the DO E TechnicalInformation Center.Avail: Univ. Microfilms. Documen ts so indicated are dissertations selected fromDissertation Abstracts and are sold by University Microfi lms as xerographic copy(HC) an d microfilm. All requests should cite the author and the Order Number asthey appear in the citation.Avail: USGS. Originals of many repor ts from the U.S. Geological Survey , which maycontain color illustrations, or otherwise may not have the quality of illustrationspreserved in the microfiche or facsimile reproduction, may be examined by the publicat the libraries of the USGS field offices whose addresses are listed in thisintroduction. The libraries may be queried concerning the availability of specific

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PUBLIC COLLECTIONS OF NASA DOCUMENTSDOMESTIC: NASAand NASA-sponsored documents and a large number of aerospace publications areavailable to the public for reference purposes at the library maintained by the American Institute ofAeronautics and Astronautics, Technical Information Service, 555 West 57th Street, 12th Floor, NewYork, New York 10019.EUROPEAN: An extensive collection of NASA and NASA-sponsored publications is maintained by theBritish Library Lending Division, Boston Spa, Wetherby, Yorkshire, England for public access. TheBritish Library Lending Division also has available many of the non-NASA publications cited in Star.European requesters may purchase facsimile copy or microfiche of NASA and NASA-sponsoreddocuments, those identified by both the symbols # and * from ESA - Information Retrieval ServiceEuropean Space Agency, 8-10 rue Mariq-Nikis, 75738 Paris CEDEX 15, France.FEDERAL DEPOSITORY LIBRARY PROGRAMIn order to provide the general public with greater access to U.S. Government publications, Congressestablished the Federal Depository Library Program under the Government Printing Office (GPO), with50 regional depositories responsible for permanent retention of material, inter-library loan, and referenceservices. Over 1,300 other depositories also exist. A list of the regional GPO libraries appears on theinside back cover.

vi


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U.S. Geological Survey LibraryBo x 25046Denver Federal Center, MS 914Denver, Colorado 80225vii


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TABLE OF CONTENTSPage

Category 51 Life Sciences (General) 479Includesgenetics.Category 52 Aerospace Medicine 487Includes physiological factors; biological effects of radiation; an dweightlessness.Category 53 Behavioral Sciences 494Includes psychological factors; individual and group behavior; crew trainingandevaluation; and psychiatric research.Category 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support 496Includes human engineering;biotechnology; and space suits and protectiveclothing.Category 55 Planetary Biology N.A.Includes exobiology; andextraterrestr ial life.

Subject Index A-1Personal Author Index B-1Corporate Source Index C-1Foreign Technology Index D-1Contract Number Index E-1Report Number Index F-1Accession Number Index G-1

i x


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TYPICAL CITATION AND ABSTRACT FROM STAR

NASA SPONSOREDDOCUMFNT

NASA ACCESSIONNUMBERTITLEAUTHOR : 1REPORT

AVAILABILITYcnilRPF

1tlr84-10724'# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. -THE GROWTH OF PARACOCCUS HALODENITRIFICANS IN ADEFINED MEDIUMCalif.) Oct. 1983^16 p rets

I MNASA-TM-84411; A-94 87; NA S 1.15:84411) Avail^NTIS H CA synthetic medium, consisting of inorganic salts and any of anumber of carbon sources, supported the aerobic growth ofParacoccus halodenitrificans when supplemented with thiamineThe same medium plus a nitrogenous oxide supported anaerobic

observation that vitamin B12 or betaine replaced methioninesuggested that P. halodenitrificans had a defect in the cobalamindependent pathway for methionine biosynthesis, as well as theinability to synthesize betaine when growing anaerobically. Author

AVAILABI F ONMICROFICHE

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TITLE OFPERIODICALJBIOCHEMICAL CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING CARDIOTOXIC~EFFECTS [BIOKHIMICHESKIE KRITERII OTSENKIKARDIOTOKSICHESKOGO DEISTVIIA]--M. P.CHEKUNOVA and A. D.FROLOVA (Nauchno-lssledoyatel'skii fInstitut Gigieny Tryda i Profzabolevanii. Leningrad. USSRl Gigienai Sanitariia (ISSN 0016-9900), May 1983, p. 11, 12. In Russian.refs ^ :A set of biochemical methods characterizing the biologicaloxidation of heart muscle, the permeability of lysosome membranesof the myocardium, and systems regulating metabolism processesis examined with the aim of delineating the selectivity of cardiotoxiceffects. The dose-time-effect relationship is assessed for theexample of cobalt. It is recommended that short-term (two-week)experiments be performed to predict the selectivity of thecardiotoxic effects of metals. B.J.

-TITLEAUTHOR'SAFFILIATION

-PUBLICATIONDATE


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AEROSPACE MEDICINEAND BOLOGY A Continuing Bibliography (Suppl. 266)

J A N U A R Y 198551

LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)Includes genetics.

A84-46550* National Aeronautics and Space Administration.Ames Research Center, Moffett Reid, Calif.ELECTRON TRANSPORT IN PARACOCCUSHALODENITRIFICANS AND THE ROLE OF UBIQUINONEL I. HOCHSTEIN and S. E. CRONIN (NASA, Ames ResearchCenter, Extraterrestrial Research Div., Moffett Field, CA) CanadianJournal of Microbiology (ISSN 0008-4166), vol. 30, no. 5, 1984, p.572-577. Previously announced in STAR as N83-28832. refsThe membrane-bound NADH oxidase of Paracoccushalodenitrificans was inhibited by dicoumarol,2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide (HQNO), and exposure toultraviolet light (at 366 nm). When the membranes were extractedwith n-pentane, NADH oxidase activity was lost. Partial restorationwas achieved by adding the ubiquinone fraction extracted fromthe membranes. Succinate oxidation was not inhibited bydicoumarol or HQNO but was affected by ultraviolet irradiation orn-pentane extraction. However, the addition of the ubiquinonefraction to the n-pentane-extracted membranes did not restoreenzyme activity. These observations suggested the reducingequivalents from succinate entered the respiratory chain on theoxygen side of the HQNO-sensitive site and probably did notproceed through a quinone. , Author

A84-47049DISRUPTION OF THE TERRESTRIAL PLANT ECOSYSTEMATTHE CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY, WESTERNINTERIORR. H.TSCHUDY, C. L PILLMORE (U.S. Geological Survey, Denver,CO), C. J. ORTH, J. S. GILMORE,and J. D. KNIGHT (Los AlamosNational Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM) Science (ISSN 0036-8075),vol. 225, Sept. 7, 1984, p. 1030-1032. Research supported by theU.S. Department of Energy, refsThe palynologically defined Cretaceous-Teritary boundary in thewestern interior of North America occursat the top of an indium-richclay layer. The boundary is characterized by the abruptdisappearance of certain pollen species, immediately followed bya pronounced, geologically brief change in the ratio of fernsporesto angiosperm pollen. The occurrence of these changes at twowidely separated sites implies continentwide disruption of theterrestrial ecosystem, probably caused by a major catastrophicevent at the end of the period. Author

A84-47264NEURONAL PHOSPHOPROTEINS - PHYSIOLOGICAL ANDCLINICAL IMPLICATIONSE. J. NESTLER (Yale University, New Haven, CT), S. I. WALAAS,and P. GREENGARD (Rockefeller University. New York, NY)

Science (ISSN 0036-8075), vol. 225, Sept 21, 1984, p. 1357-1364.Research supported by the McKnight Foundation and U.S. AirForce; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, refs(Contract EPA-CR-810608; PHS-MH-39327; PHS-NS-21550)Nestler and Greengard (1984) have found that many types ofphysiological stimuli produce diverse synaptic responses in thenervous system by regulating the state of phosphorylation ofspecific phosphoproteins in target neurons. It is pointed out thatthe detection, purification, and characterization of neuronalphosphoproteins, and the elucidation of their physiological roles,is leading to an understanding of the molecular mechanisms bywhich neurons react with specific physiological responses to variousstimuli.The present article provides a summary of recent evidencefor a vital role of phosphoproteins in neuronal function. Attentionis given to the regulation of neuronal protein phosphorylation, theclasses of neuronal proteins regulated by phosphorylation, theregional distribution of neuron-specific phosphoproteins,phosphoproteins of the basal ganglia, and cellular messengerinteractions at the level of protein phosphorylation. G.R.

A84-47597SKETCHES OF THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF HUMANECOLOGY [OCHERKI TEORII I PRAKTIKI EKOLOGIICHELOVEKA]V. P. KAZNACHEEV Moscow, Izdatel'stvo Nauka, 1983, 264 p.In Russian, refsConsideration is given to contemporary problems in thedevelopment and maintenance of public health under modemtechnological conditions. On the basis of recent ecologicalinvestigations, methodological and theoretical aspects of the studyof the ecology of biosphere and the noosphere are discussed,with particular emphasis givento thework of Vernadskii.Ananalysisis made of certain concepts and social requirements as to howthey relate to ideas about health, human ecology, and theanthropoecological aspects of a proposed system for improvingthe quality of life and alleviating the ecological problems of stressand fatigue in human beings. I.H.

A84-47599QUANTITATIVE REGULARITIESOF RADIATION IMMUNOLOGY[KOLICHESTVENNYE ZAKONOMERNOSTI RADIATSIONNOIIMMUNOLOGII]V. N. MALTSEV Moscow, Energoatomizdat, 1983, 88 p. InRussian, refsA statistical analysis of data (published in the literature andthe author's own) on radiation immunology was carried out toelucidate the functional relationship between radiation dose andthe biological effects evoked. The results make it possible to: (1)compare the radiation resistance of mechanisms limiting the growthand reproduction of autoflora microbes; (2) give a quantitativeassessment of the significance of endogenic infection in thepathogenesis of the death of irradiated organisms; (3) disclosethe causes of the decline of the bactericidal activity of bloodserum, damage to the phagocyte mechanisms of defense, andthe inhibition of the synthesis of various antibodies; and (4) acquire479


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51 LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)a greater understanding of the role of the autoimmune componentin the pathogenesis o1acute radiation sickness. B.J.

A84-47789MECHANISM OF THE PROLONGATION OF LIFE BY DIBUNOL(BUTYLATED HYDROXYTOLUENE) [O MEKHANIZMEPRODLENIIA ZHIZNI DIBUNOLOM /BUTILIROVANNYMGIDROKSITOLUOLOM/]V. K. KOLTOVER, E. N. GORBAN,and P. S. MAIOR (AkademiiaNauk SSSR, Institut Khimicheskoi Fiziki, Chemogolovka, USSR;Akademiia Meditsinskikh Nauk SSSR, Kiev, Ukrainian SSR)Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Doklady (ISSN 0002-3264), vol. 277, no.2, 1984, p. 497-500. In Russian, refsThe EPRtechnique was used to study the effect of dibunol ontwo important subsystems of neurohumoral regulation: the bloodand adrenal cortical fluid. Experiments performed on Wistar ratsshow that the effect of dibunol is similar to that of corticotropin,and that dibunol interacts directly with transport proteins of theblood, thus affecting the transport and concentration of hormonesin the tissues. Therefore, dibunol is capable of acting as a stressfactor. It is suggested that the regular administration of dibunol toanimals as a mild stress factor can 'train' the neurohumoral systemand thus enhance the adaptive capacities of the body. It is preciselythis 'training' effect which constitutes the basis of the medicinal(life-prolonging) properties of dibunol. B.J.

A84-47795ELECTROCHROMIC REACTIONS OF RHODOPSIN[ELEKTROKHROMNYE REAKTSII RODOPSINA]S. M. MAZEL, I. B. FEDOROVICH, G. P. BORISEVICH, M. A.OSTROVSKII, and A. B. RUBIN (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, InstitutKhimicheskoi Fiziki; Moskovskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet,Moscow. USSR) Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Doklady (ISSN0002-3264), vol. 277, no. 3, 1984, p. 723-725. In Russian, refsThe electrochromic effect in the visual pigment rhodopsin wasobserved experimentally. This confirms the hypothesis thatelectron-conformational changes in the microenvironment of retinalplay an important role in spectral transformations ofretinal-containing proteins. B.J.

A84-47796BIOMECHANICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE THERMALINSULATION OFF HOMOIOTHERMS [BIOMEKHANICHESKIEOSNOVY TERMOIZOLIATSII GOMOIOTERMNYKH]I. F. OBRAZTSOV, M. A. KHANIN, and O. G. BAT (AkademiiaNauk SSSR, Institut Atomnoi Energii, Moscow, USSR) AkademiiaNauk SSSR, Doklady (ISSN 0002-3264), vol. 277, no. 3, 1984, p.728-731. In Russian, refsA mathematical model is devised for investigating thebiomechanical features of the thermal insulation of homoiotherms.The optimal heat transfer coefficient is evaluated as a function ofambient temperature, and the critical body weight is assessed asa function of the mean winter temperature of the environment. Itis shown that homoiotherms can be divided into two groups: inthe first group, the lower bound of the thermally neutral zone ishigher than the mean winter temperature of the environment; inthe second group, they coincide. B.J.

A84-47891ORIGINS OF BIOMOLECULAR HANDEDNESSS. F. MASON (King's College, London, England) Nature (ISSN0028-0836), vol. 311, Sept. 6, 1984, p. 19-23. refsClassical mechanisms proposed for the transition from racemicgeochemistry to homochiral biochemistry in terrestrial evolutiongenerally ascribe to chance the particular handed choice of theL-amino acids and the D-sugars by self-replicating systems. Theparity-violating weak neutral current interaction gives rise to anenergy difference between a chiral molecule and its mirror-imageisomer, resulting in a small stabilization of the L-amino acids andthe L-peptides in the alpha-helix and the beta-sheet conformationrelative to the corresponding enantiamer. The energy differencesuffices to break the chiral symmetry of autocatalytic racemicreaction sequences in an open nonequilibrium system. Author

A84-47963CELL MEMBRANE NONLINEAR RESPONSE TO AN APPLIEDELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDG. FRANCESCHETTI and I. PINTO (Napoli, Universita, Naples,Italy) IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques(ISSN 0018-9480), vol. MTT-32, July 1984, p. 653-658. Researchsupported by the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. refsThe transmembrane potential difference induced by animpressed electromagnetic field in a spherical homogeneous cellwith nonlinear membrane is obtained using the Volterra seriesformalism. Some representative computed results are presented.It is found that fields of 100 V/m may trigger detectable cellulareffects below 100 MHz. C.D.

A84-48036VARIATION IN THE COMPOSITION OF SUPRAMOLECULARDNA-BOUND PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN THE THYMUS AND LIVEROF GAMMA-IRRADIATED RATS [IZMENENIE SOSTAVAFOSFOLIPIDOV, SVIAZANNYKH S NADMOLEKULIARNOI DNKTIMUSA IPECHENI GAMMA-OBLUCHENNYKH]Z. I. KRASICHKOVA and N. B. STRAZHEVSKAIA (Akademiia NaukSSSR, Institut Biologicheskoi Fiziki, Pushchino, USSR)Radiobiologiia (ISSN 0033-8192), vol. 24, July-Aug. 1984, p.451-455. In Russian, refs

A84-48037THE CONDITION OF BETA-ADRENERGIC AND GABA-ERGICRECEPTORS IN THE BRAINS OF RATS FOLLOWINGEXPOSURE TO HIGH DOSES OF IONIZING RADIATION[SOSTOIANIE BETA-ADRENERGICHESKIKH IGAMK-ERGICHESKIKH RETSEPTOROV MOZGA KRYS POSLEVOZDEISTVIIA VYSOKIKH DOZ IONIZIRUIUSHCHEIRADIATSII]IU. A. SEMIN, A. S. SHERCHUK.and B. V. DUBOVIK (AkademiiaMeditsinskikh Nauk SSSR, Obninsk, USSR) Radiobiologiia (ISSN0033-8192), vol. 24, July-Aug. 1984, p. 476-480. In Russian.refs

A84-47797FORMATION OF NEW MICROVESSELS IN THE SKELETALMUSCLES OF RATS EXPOSED TO HYPOBARIC HYPOXIAFORA WEEK [FORMIROVANIE NOVYKH MIKROSOSUDOV VSKELETNYKH MYSHTSAKH KRYS, PODVERGNUTNYKHNEDEL'NOMU VLIIANIIU GIPOBARICHESKOI GIPOKSII]M. V. KONDASHEVSKAIA, V. B. KOSHELEV, and I. M. RODIONOV(Moskovskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Moscow, USSR)Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Doklady (ISSN 0002-3264), vol. 277, no.3, 1984, p. 748-751. In Russian, refs

A84-48038DAILY AND SEASONAL RHYTHMS OF RADIOSENSITIVITY INALBINO MONGREL RATS [SUTOCHNYE I SEZONNYE RITMYRADIOCHUVSTVITEL'NOSTI BELYKH BESPORODNYKHKRYS]I. F. SHLUMUKOVA, IA. I. SERKIZ, E. E. CHEBOTAREV, I. O.PAVLENKO, V. V. SHLAPATSKAIA, and V. P. SVIRGUN (AkademiiaNauk Ukrainskoi SSR, Institut Problem Onkologii and InstitutRziologicheskoi Khimii, Kiev, Ukrainian SSR) Radiobiologiia (ISSN0033-8192), vol. 24, July-Aug. 1984, p. 495-498. In Russian.refs480


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51 LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)A84-48039A STUDY OF THE RADIOBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THERIBOSOMAL GENES OF ANIMALS [ISSLEDOVANIERIBOSOMAL'NYKH GENOV ZHIVOTNYKH VRADIOBIOLOGICHESKOM ASPEKTE]A. A. VETCHINKINA and G. A. KRITSKII (Akademiia Nauk SSSR,Institut Biokhimii, Moscow, USSR) Radiobiologiia (ISSN0033-8192), vol. 24, July-Aug. 1984, p. 502-505. In Russian.refsThe ribosome content of DNA in mammals with varyingradiosensitivity (guinea pigs, rats, rabbits, and man) is determinedexperimentally. It is shown that as the number of ribosomal genesin DNA grows, the resistance of the organism to radiation increasessignificantly. It is also established that the ribosome content ofDNA in rabbit thymus increases significantly two days aftertotal-body gamma-irradiation at a dose level of two grams-roentgen.A series of graphs is presented which describes the statisticalcorrelations in detail. I.H.A84-48040THE EFFECT OF CHANGES IN MITOCHONDRIA MEMBRANELIPIDS ON 2MG(-INDEPENDENT ATPASE ACTIVITY [VLIIANIEIZMENENII V LIPIDAKH MEMBRAN RfllTOKHONDRII NAAKTIVNOST 2RflG(+)- ZAVISIMOI ATFAZY]E. B. BURLAKOVA, IU. A. ZASLAVSKII, and L. N. SHISHKINA(Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Institut Khimicheskoi Fiziki, Moscow,USSR) Radiobiologiia (ISSN 0033-8192), vol. 24, July-Aug. 1984,p. 505-508. In Russian, refsA84-48041THE DYNAMICS OF CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS INMONKEY BONE MARROW CELLS FOLLOWING PROLONGEDIRRADIATION [DINAMIKA ABERRATSII KHROMOSOM VKLETKAKH KOSTNOGO MOZGA OBEZ'IAN POSLEPROLONGIROVANNOGO OBLUCHENIIA]L P. KOSICHENKO. V. S. BARKAIA, and R. A. TORUA (AkademiiaMeditsinskikh Nauk SSSR, Sukhumi, Georgian SSR) Radiobiologiia(ISSN 0033-8192), vol. 24, July-Aug. 1984, p. 528-530. InRussian, refsThe effect of prolonged gamma-irradiation at low intensity (3.87microamps/kg) on the bone marrow cells of Macaca rhesusmonkeys is investigated experimentally. The cumulative dose wasbetween 214.14 and 221.88 mC/kg and was administered over15 hours and 30 minutes. Follow up examinations were made 2,4,18, 30, and 42 months following exposure. Statistically significantdifferences were foundin the frequencyof chromosome aberrationsand in the percentage of polyploid bone marrow cells after 42months when compared to the number of spontaneousaberrations. I.H.A84-48043THE DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF THE POSTRADIATIONREACTION OF HEMOPOIETIC TISSUE TO THEADMINISTRATION OF ADRENALINE [OSOBENNOSTIPOSTRADIATSIONNOI REAKTSII KROVETVORNOI TKANI PRIPRIMENENII ADRENALINA]I. B. SMIRNOVA, G. V. DONTSOVA, M. M. KONSTANTINOVA,and O. N. RAKHMANINA (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Institut BiologiiRazvitiia, Moscow, USSR) Radiobiologiia (ISSN 0033-8192), vol.24, July-Aug. 1984, p. 545-548. In Russian.A84-48044RADIOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF SOME HYPOTENSIVEDRUGS [PROTIVOLUCHEVAIA AKTIVNOST' NEKOTORYKHGIPOTENZIVNYKH PREPARATOV]V. V. ZNAMENSKII, V. P. BEKETOV, A. K. TRUKHMANOV,P. G.ZHEREBCHENKO, and V. P. EVDAKOV (MinisterstvoZdravookhraneniia SSSR, Institut Biofiziki, Moscow, USSR)Radiobiologiia (ISSN 0033-8192), vol. 24, July-Aug. 1984. p.548-550. In Russian, refsAn experimental investigation is described which examined theradioprotective effects of seven different hypertensive drugs in 716hybrid mice. It is found that the drug clonidine had pronounced

radioprotective effects when administered in different ways, atvarious doses, and at different times before irradiation at 9grams-roentgen. When the acid residue in clonidine was substitutedfor the drug, the radioprotective effect was diminished. A graph isprovided which lists the various hypertensive drugs examined inthe study and compares their relative radioprotective effects. I.H.

A84-48045THE KINETICS OF EOSINOPHILIC LEUKOCYTES DURING THECONTINUOUS GAMMA-IRRADIATION OF RATS [KINETIKAEOZINOFIL'NYKH LEIKOTSITOV PRI NEPRERYVNOMGAMMA-OBLUCHENII KRYS]T. M. ZUKHBAIA (Ministerstvo Zdravookhraneniia SSSR, InstitutMediko-Biologicheskikh Problem, Moscow, USSR) Radiobiologiia(ISSN 0033-8192), vol. 24, July-Aug. 1984, p. 551-553. InRussian, refsThe recurring features of variations in the population ofeosinophilic leukocytes in the bone marrow and peripheral bloodof rats continuously exposed to gamma-radiation was investigated,for dose rates ranging from 0.1 to 4 grams-roentgen/day. Thetime intervals at which eosinophils were eliminated from the bonemarrow were determined and are presented in a graph. Somemechanisms for eosinophilopoiesis regulation during the continuousexposure to gamma-radiation are discussed. I.H.

A84-48046THE EFFECT OF CHRONIC GAMMA-IRRADIATION ONCHIPMUNKS KEPT IN VIVARIUM [DEISTVIEKHRONICHESKOGO GAMMA-OBLUCHENIIA NABURUNDUKOV V USLOVIIAKH VIVARIIA]N. G. ZAGORSKAIA, L. D. MATERII, and A. G. KUDIASHEVA(Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Institut Biologii, Syktyvkar, USSR)Radiobiologiia (ISSN 0033-8192), vol. 24, July-Aug. 1984, p.561-563. In Russian, refsThe dynamic aspects of changes in the body mass and weightof two groups of 52 chipmunks were studied in normal conditionsand during chronic gamma-irradiation (five continuous months) atlow dose-rates (46.3 pA/kg). It is found that the animals in theexperimental group exhibited higher body mass and lower metabolicactivity during the hibernation period, and this is interpreted as aprotective reaction of the organism to the chronic effects of thelow-dose radiation. I.H.

A84-48047THE EFFECT OF LOW-INTENSITY LASER RADIATION ONCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY IN THE BRAINS OF RATS[VLIIANIE NIZKOINTENSIVNOGO LAZERNOGO IZLUCHENIIANA AKTIVNOSr KHOLINESTERAZY MOZGA KRYS]A. T. PIKULEV, I. P. KHRIPCHENKO, and G. I. LEPESHEVA(Belorusskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Minsk, Belorussian SSR)Radiobiologiia (ISSN 0033-8192), vol. 24. July-Aug. 1984, p.565-568. In Russian, refs

A84-48163THE ROLE OF NEURONS FROM DIFFERENT HYPOTHALAMICREGIONS IN THE RESPONSEOF AN ORGANISM TOHYPOXIA[UCHASTIE NEIRONOV RAZLICHNYKH OTDELOVGIPOTALAMUSA V REAKTSII ORGANIZMA NA GIPOKSIIU]I. N. IANVAREVA, T. R. KUZMINA, and O. M. VERBIANOVA(Leningradskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Leningrad, USSR)Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal SSSR (ISSN 0015-329X), vol. 70, June1984, p. 747-752. In Russian, refs481


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51 LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)A84-48164THE EFFECT OF SHORT-TERM HYPERTHERMIA ONCATECHOLAMINE CONTENT IN THEORGANSOF WHITE RATS[VLIIANIE KRATKOVREMENNOI GIPERTERMII NASODERZHANIE KATEKHOLAMINOV V ORGANAKH BELYKHKRYS]KH. A. MEZIDOVA, B. N. MANUKHIN, and F. F. SULTANOV(Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Institut Biologii Razvitiia, Moscow, USSR;Akademiia Nauk Turkmenskoi SSR, Institut Fiziologii iEksperimental'noi Patologii Aridnoi Zony, Ashkhabad, TurkmenSSR) Fiziologicheskii Zhumal SSSR (ISSN 0015-329X), vol. 70,June 1984, p. 795-801. In Russian, refs

A84-48165VARIATION IN THE OSMOLARITY OF ARTERIAL BLOODDURING INTENSIVE MUSCLE EXERCISE [IZMENENIEOSMOLIARNOSTI ARTERIAL'NOI KROVI PRI INTENSIVNOIMYSHECHNOI RABOTE]T. P. KOSTENKO, I. IU. SERGEEV, N. A. MEDVEDEVA, and I. M.ROOIONOV (Moskovskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Moscow,USSR) Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal SSSR (ISSN 0015-329X), vol.70, June 1984, p. 818-821. In Russian, refsInexperiments with 16 cats it is demonstrated that a prolongedrhythmic muscle contraction in four limbs as a result of thestimulation of transected motor nerve endings is coincident withan increase in the osmotic pressure of arterial and venous bloodplasma in both the blood vessels and the heart. The increase inosmolarity is closely associated with the following phenomena: anincrease in the minute volume of the heart; a decrease in arterialpressure; andenhanced blood flow through the limbs. It is proposedthat osmolarity is an important factor in the adaptation of thecardiovascular system to intensive physical exercise. I.H.

A84-48753MANUAL OF SPACE BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (3RD REVISEDAND ENLARGED EDITION) [SPRAVOCHNIK POKOSMICHESKOI BIOLOGII I MEDITSINE /3RD REVISED ANDENLARGED EDITION/]A. I. BURNAZIAN, ED. and O. G. GAZENKO, ED. Moscow,Izdatel'stvo Meditsina, 1983, 352 p. In Russian. No individual itemsare abstracted in this volume.Consideration is given to the current status of knowledge aboutthe effects of space on man, as well as to methods and materialsused to study man's intellectual and physical capabilities in space,his psychological stability, and treatment and defenses of thehuman organism against the deleterious effects of the spaceenvironment. Some functional changes in the basic system of theorganism in response to space flight are described, and thephysiological mechanisms behind such changes are outlined. Alarge number of new terms applicable to space medicine are usedfor the first time. I.H.

A84-48939RESONANT MICROWAVE ABSORPTION OF SELECTED DNAMOLECULESG. S. EDWARDS, C. C. DAVIS (Maryland, University, College Park,MD), J. D. SAFFER (National Institutes of Health, National CancerInstitute, Bethesda, MD), and M. L SWICORD (Food and DrugAdministration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health,Rockville, MD) Physical Review Letters (ISSN 0031-9007), vol.53, Sept. 24, 1984, p. 1284-1287. refsThe resonant absorption of microwave energy by aqueoussolutions containing DNA of known length is experimentallydemonstrated. The resonances observed have relaxation times ofhundreds of picoseconds. Absorption by linear and supercoiledcircular DNA molecules is discussed in terms of a mechanisminvolving microwave excitation of acoustic modes of the doublehelix. Author

A84-49047MEMBRANES IN THE EVOLUTION OF LIFE [MEMBRANY VEVOLIUTSII ZHIVOGO]D. N. OSTROVSKII (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Institut Biokhimii,Moscow, USSR) Priroda (ISSN 0032-874X), Aug. 1984, p. 14-21.In Russian, refsThe evolution of cell membranes is divided into two stages.The first stages consisted in the complication of the collection ofmembrane enzymes and receptors to a level characteristic ofpresent bacteria. During the second stage the structure ofmembranes was simplified and the number of their functions wasreduced, with the simultaneous appearance of specializedintracellular structures and the development of cooperationbetween them. It is suggested that the key role in the appearanceof specialized membranes and the development of multicellularorganisms was played by endogenous membrane-activecompounds capable of causing the individualization of membranecomponents. It is further suggested that substances of this typeare synthesized by bacteria in order to establish intercellularcontacts when food near the cell is exhausted. B.J.A84-49315BIOSYNTHESIS OF CHEMOAUTOTROPHIC BACTERIA USINGELECTRICAL ENERGY [BIOSINTEZ KHEMOAVTOTROFOVNAOSNOVE ELEKTROENERGII]B. G. KOVROV and G. V. DENISOV IN: Analysis of populationgrowth by biophysical methods . Novosibirsk, Izdatel'stvo Nauka,1984, p. 31-40. In Russian, refsChemoautotrophic bacteria acquire energy from oxidationreactions of inorganic substrates. In a number of cases (e.g., forThiobacillus ferrooxidans) it is possible to electrochemically reducethe oxidized substrate Fe(3+) to the initial Fe(2+). Theelectrochemical reduction occurs directly in the bacteria culture,which grows in the cathodic space of an' electrolytic cell. Aninvestigation is made of the range of optimal values of the mainparameters of the continuous-cultivation process: temperature, pH,and concentrations of the components of the nutrition medium. Acontinuous culture is obtained with a concentration up to 5 x 10to the 11th kl/ml and a biosynthesis efficiency up to 30 percent.B.J.A84-49324NEURONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE DEVELOPING BRAIN[NEIRONNAIA ORGANIZATSIIA RAZVIVAIUSHCHEGOSIAMOZGA]O. V. BOGDANOV and E. G. GEVORGIAN Leningrad, Izdatel'stvoNauka, 1984, 152 p. In Russian, refsThe results of asystematic investigation of functional regularitiesin the growth of the central nervous system during the embryonalstage of development are discussed. Consideration is given tothe principles of neuronal activity during embryogenesis, theformation of the functional characteristics of the neuronal systemin the brain, and the relation between the rise of afferent functionand the development of neuronal function. Several differenttechniques were used in investigations performed with chickenembryos, including microelectrode stimulation, pharmacologicalanalysis, and focal evoked potential methods. I.H.A84-49338GENETICOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS IN THEREGULATION OF THE FUNCTIONS OF THE TESTES[GENETIKO-FIZIOLOGICHESKIE MEKHANIZMY REGULIATSIIFUNKTSII SEMENNIKOV]E. V. NAUMENKO, A. V. OSADCHUK, L. I. SEROVA, and G. T.SHISHKINA Novosibirsk, Izdatel'stvo Nauka, 1983, 202 p. InRussian, refsSeveral basic issues in the study of regulation mechanisms inthe testes are discussed. Consideration is given to experimentalresults from several investigations of the role of neuronal mediators(dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin) in the central regulationof the hypophysial-testicular complex, and in the mechanisms ofnegative feedback. The relative importance of seasonal factorsand rhythms is discussed, as well as the role of biosocial

482


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51 LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)correlations between members of the same animal population.Particular attention is given to an examination of the role of thegenotype in the regulation of androgenous functions in varioustypes of behavior. I.H.

A84-49342INNER FLUIDS OF THE BODY (2ND REVISEDAND ENLARGEDEDITION) [VNUTRENNIAIA SREDA ORGANIZMA /2NDREVISED AND ENLARGED EDITION/]G. N. KASSIL Moscow. Izdatel'stvo Nauka, 1983, 225 p. InRussian.The inner fluids of the body (blood, lymph, and tissue fluids)are examined with respect to their significance for the vital functionsof cells, tissues, organs, and the entire body. Also considered arethe production processes and mechanisms of these fluids andtheir role in the performance of physiological and biochemicalprocesses. Particular emphasis is placed on the homeostasisproblem, neural-humoral-hormonal-barrier interrelationships, andthe effects of stress and pain on the system of inner fluids.Information is presented on the behavior of the inner-fluid systemunder physical exercise and intense athletic activity. B.J.

A84-49373MEASUREMENT AND PREDICTION OF THERMAL INJURY INTHE RETINA OF THE RHESUS MONKEYA. J. WELCH (Texas, University, Austin. TX) and G. D. POLHAMUS(U.S. Army, Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense,Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD) IEEE Transactions on BiomedicalEngineering (ISSN 0018-9294), vol. BME-31, Oct. 1984, p.633-644. refs(Contract F33615-76-C-0605)The authors measured temperature riseswith specially designedmicrothermocouples in over 60 retinae for various image sizes,wavelengths, adn exposure durations. Measured temperaturesvaried with a standard error of 6 percent, and agreed well with amathematical model for temperature-time response. Observedinjury also compared favorably to that predicted by a rate processmodel for thermal injury. Suggested rate constants for the eyeare A = 1.3 x 10 to the 99th l/s, and E = 150,000 cal/M. Withthese coefficients, predicted threshold injury agreed within a factorof two with experimentally determined injury from 10 to the -8thto 10 to the 3rd s. No difference in threshold temperatures wasevident between either macular and paramacular exposures orbetween wave lengths of 488-647 nm. The model can be used topredict injury in the human eye by substituting absorptioncoefficients and thickness for the human PE and Ch in the thermalportion of the model. Author

N84-34117*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration,Washington, D. C.ULTRASTRUCTURAL ALTERATIONS IN SKELETAL MUSCLEFIBERS OF RATS AFTER EXERCISEM. AKUZAWA and M. HATAYA Sep. 1982 18 p refs Transl.into ENGLISH from Japanese J. of Veterinary Sci. (Japan), v. 40.1978 p 425-435 Transl. by Kanner (Leo) Associates, RedwoodCity, Calif.(Contract NASW-3199)(NASA-TM-76976; NAS 1.15:76976) Avail: NTIS HCA02/MFA01 CSCL 06BUltrastructural alterations inskeletal muscle fibers were electronmicroscopically studied in rats forced to run on the treadmill untilall-out. When they were mild and limited to relatively small areas,the reconstruction of filaments ensued within 10 days withoutinfiltration of cells. When they were severe and extensive,phagocytes infiltrated in the lesions and removed degenerativesacroplasmic debris from muscle fibers. A little later, myoblastsappeared and regeneration was accomplished in 30 days in muchthe same manner as in myogenesis. Author

N84-34118# European Space Agency, Paris (France).PROTEIN SINGLE CRYSTAL GROWTH UNDER LOWGRAVITYT. D. GUYENNE, ed. and J. J. HUNT, ed. Jun. 1984 79 prefs Proc. of Joint ESA-DFVLR Workshop, Freiburg i. B., 19-20Mar. 1984(ESA-SP-1067; ISSN-0379-6566) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01Application of protein crystals for structure and function analysis;crystallization of the membrane protein rhodopsin; fibrinogen,plasminogen, and tissue-type plasminogen activator roles in thefibrinolytic system; alpha-crustacyanin, the lobster carapaceastaxanthin-protein; carbohydrate-protein interactions; proteinsingle crystal growth under microgravity; and diffusion profiles inmicrogravity protein crystallization experiments on Spacelab werediscussed.

N84-34119# Groningen Rijksuniversiteit (Netherlands). Lab. ofChemical Physics.APPLICATION OF PROTEIN CRYSTALSFOR STRUCTUREANDFUNCTION ANALYSISJ. DRENTH In ESA Protein Single Crystal Growth under LowGravity p 3-8 Jun. 1984Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01The study of the enzyme phospholipase A2 is presented asan example of cooperation between biochemists andcrystallographers. Crystal structure in and not in solution, X-rayanalysis of protein crystals, diffraction patterns, binding of heavyatoms, and radiation damage are discussed. Author (ESA)

A84-49568THE EFFECT OF HYPERTHERMIA ON THE BODYTEMPERATURE AND THE CATECHOLAMINE CONTENT OFTHE HYPOTHALAMUS IN ALBINO RATS [VLIIANIEGIPERTERMII NA TEMPERATURU TELA I SODERZHANIEKATEKHOLAMINOV V GIPOTALAMUSE BELYKH KRYS]F. F. SULTANOV, KH. A. MEZIDOVA, and B. N. MANUKHIN(Akademiia Nauk Turkmenskoi SSR, Institut Fiziologii iEksperimental'noi Patologii Aridnoi Zony, Ashkhabad, TurkmenSSR; Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Institut Biologii Razvitiia, Moscow,USSR) Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Doklady (ISSN 0002-3264), vol.277. no. 5. 1984, p. 1274-1276. In Russian, refs

N84-34120# Nijmegen Univ. (Netherlands). Dept. ofBiochemistry.CRYSTALLIZATION OF THE MEMBRANE PROTEINRHODOPSINS. L BONTING, W. J. DEGRIP. and F. J. M. DAEMEN In ESAProtein Single Crystal Growth under Low Gravity p 9-13 Jun.1984 refsAvail: NTIS HCA05/MF A01The physiological role and the chemical characteristics of thevisual pigment rhodopsin are described and attempts to crystallizethis water-insoluble membrane protein are reported. After manyvariations of precipitant, detergent, buffer and pH, small crystals (100 microns) too small to permit their use for X-ray diffractionstudies, were obtained. A method to obtain larger crystals undermicrogravity conditions in the Eureca protein crystallization facilityis summarized. Author (ESA)483


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511 LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)N84-34121# Gaubius Inst., Leiden (Netherlands). HealthResearch Oiv.FIBRINOGEN, PLASMINOGEN AND TISSUE-TYPEPLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR: THEIR ROLE IN THEFIBINOLYTIC SYSTEMW . NIEUWENHUIZEN, D. C. RIJKEN, and D. W. TRAAS In ESAProtein Single Crystal Growth under Low Gravity p 15-17 Jun.1984 refsAvail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01Hemostasis is discussed. Disbalance between clot formationanddissolutioncancause thrombotic orbleeding events, dependingon which of the two processes predominates. During fibrinolysis,insoluble fibrin is degraded to soluble fragments byplasmin, whichcan be formed by activation of plasminogen by tissue-typeplasminogen activator (t-PA). Fibrin is, however, not merely aplasmin substrate but also accelerates the t-PA mediatedplasminogen activation. This acceleration is probably due to mutualinteractions between plasminogen, t-PA and fibrin. Knowledge ofthe three-dimensional structure, obtained by X-ray analysis ofcrystals of the three proteins, contributes of the understanding ofaccelerated plasmin formation in the presence of fibrin.Author (ESA)M84-34122# London Univ. (England). Dept. of Biochemistry.THE ALPHA-CRUSTACYANIN, THE LOBSTER CARAPACEASTAXANTHIN-PROTEINP. F. ZAGALSKY In ESA Protein Single Crystal Growth underLow Gravity p 19-32 Jun. 1984 refsAvail: NTIS HCA05/MF A01The astaxanthin protein which provides the blue coloration oflobster carapaces is discussed. The native pigment, alphacrustacyanin, is oligomeric and dissociates at low ionic strengthwith the formation of a purple derivative, beta-crustacyanin. Eightbeta-crustacyanin units are formed on dissociation ofalpha-crystacyanin, each binding two astaxanthin molecules.Removal of the carotenoid prosthetic groups results in reversibledissociation of the pigments into apoprotein units of molecularweight 20,000 daltons, half the size of beta-crystacyanin units.The large bathochromic shift in the absorption spectrum of thecarotenoid (160 nm) may be the result of polarization of the polyeneby suitable charge groups of the protein, or of twisting of thepolyene about its double bonds. The manner in which such twistingcould be brought about is outlined. Resonance Ramanspectroscopy studies, favoring the polarization mechanism for thespectral shift, are discussed. Author (ESA)N84-34123# Freiburg Univ. (West Germany). Inst. fuerOrganische Chemie und Biochemie.CARBOHYDRATE-PROTEIN INTERACTIONSJ. LEHMANN In ESA Protein Single Crystal Growth under LowGravity p 33-54 Jun. 1984Avail: NTIS HCA05/MF A01The chemistry of carbohydrates and proteins is reviewed andtypical carbohydrate-protein reactions are described.Antibody-antigen interactions; galactosylation of glycoprotein inserum; protein agglutination of blood cells; and mouse eggfertilization are recalled. Author (ESA)N84-34124# Freiburg Univ. (West Germany). Chemisches Lab.PROTEIN SINGLE CRYSTAL GROWTH UNDERMICROGRAVITYW. LITTKE and C. JOHN In ESA Protein Single Crystal Growthunder Low Gravity p 55-64 Jun. 1984 refsAvail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01Production of single crystals under microgravity conditions onSpacelab is described. Crystals formed bysaltingout from solutionskept free of convection are 27 and 1000 times larger in volumethan those produced in the same apparatus exposedto terrestrialgravitation. Solving the three dimensional molecular structure ofproteins by X-ray diffraction analysis reveals its manifold functions(catalysis, transport, supporting functions). An essential conditionfor such structural investigations is the availibility of sufficientlylarge (1 mm in each dimension) and well shaped single crystals.

Especially disadvantageous for such protein crystal growth issudden multiseed formation. Instead of the desired few largecrystals numerous small crystallites are formed which are uselessfor X-ray analysis. Experiments show that this effect is mainly dueto convection which can be almost completely suppressed bycrystallization in gels. Author (ESA)N84-34125# European Space Research and Technology Center,Noordwijk (Netherlands). Space Science DeptDIFFUSION PROFILES IN MICROGRAVITY PROTEINCRYSTALLIZATION EXPERIMENTSA. HAHNE In ESA Protein Single Crystal Growth under LowGravity p 65-70 Jun. 1984 refsAvail: NTIS HCA05/MF A01The protein crystallization experiment of the First SpacelabPayload is discussed. The bulk of the precipitated crystals did notoccur in the buffer chamber separating protein and salt chamberbut in the protein chamber itself. This unexpected location can beexplained by the diffusion conditions governing material fluxesunder microgravity. Because all parameters necessary to describethe diffusion behavior of the involved substances are not known,assumptions and estimates had to be made concerning diffusioncoefficients and flux equations. Nevertheless it can be shown thatsalt and protein fluxes are different by several orders of magnitude.As a result, the salt penetrates much faster into the buffer andprotein chamber than the protein leaves it. Author (ESA)N84-34126# Illinois Univ., Urbana. Dept. of Psychology.THE EFFECT OF LESIONS IN THE PREOPTIC-ANTERIORHYPOTHALAMUS ON THE REFLEXIVE RESPONSESOF RATSTO COLD STRESS Final Report, 7 May 1977 - 30 Jun. 1983E. SATINOFF 15 Jul. 1984 6 p(Contract N00014-77-C-0465)(AD-A144020; AD-E751074; CTR-ONR-8301) Avail: NTIS HCA02/MF A01 CSCL 06PW e have been investigating the hypothalamic control of thegeneration and maintenance of the circadian temperature rhythm(CTR). Using implanted telemetry devices and automatic drinkingmeasures, we monitored the rhythms of body temperature anddrinking in rats before and after various types of hypothalamicdamage. When we divided the CTR up into five components -phase, amplitude, limits, precision and period - we found that eachcomponent could be affected independent of the others. Forinstance, after lesions of the suprachiasmatic nuclei, the putativemaster clock in the brain, the phase was altered so that highestbody temperature occurred several hours earlier than it did innormals. The amplitude of the CTR was attenuated in most, butnot all lesioned rats, and the limits were lower than normal butshorter than 24 hrs, and the precision of the rhythms (when hourlybody temperature rose above the daily mean body temperature)was not as regular. In rats with lesions of the medial preopticarea, the phase and period were normal, but the amplitude of theCTR was greatly exaggerated, as were the limits and the dailymean. In other studies we have shown that the amount of REMsleep is highly dependent on the ambient temperature. After basalforebrain (medial preoptic) lesions, rats that showed no REM sleepat one ambient temperature showed normal amounts at anotheron the same day. GRAN84-34127# Research Inst. of National Defence, Umea (Sweden).Dept. 4.THE STABILITY OF ATROPINE, STORED IN THE SWEDISHAUTOINJECTORB. KARLSSON and V. OEGREN Apr. 1984 14 p refs InSWEDISH; ENGLISH summary(FOA-C-40191-C3; ISSN-0347-2124) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MFA01; Research Institute of National Defence, Stockholm KR 50The efficiency of stored and newly made atropine/toxogoninmixture, to compete with the traced 3 sub H-QNB(quinuclidinylbenzilate) binding at a muscarinic receptor wascompared, giving a measure of the biological activity of atropine.No decreased activity of the atropine is noted after storage in theautoinjector for up to 15 yr. Author (ESA)


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51 LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)M84-34128# Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, Va.USSR REPORT: LIFE SCIENCES. BIOMEDICAL ANDBEHAVIORAL SCIENCES6 Sep. 1984 171 p refs Transl. into ENGLISH from variousRussian articles(JPRS-UBB-84-020) Avail: NTIS HCA08/MF A01The current status of the biomedical, behavioral and lifesciences in the Soviet Union is examined. Topics include aerospacemedicine and related subjects in biochemistry, biophysics,immunology, terrestrial medicine, pharmacology, and psychology.Agrotechnology, biotechnology, genetics, molecular biology, publichearth, and virology are also discussed.

N84-34130# Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, Va.EFFECTS OF PROLONGED WEIGHTLESSNESS ONORCHIDACEAE PROTEINS Abstract OnlyT. M. CHEREVCHENKO. V. V. SHMIGOVSKAYA, I. V.KOSAKOVSKAYA, and I. I. CHERNYADYEV In its USSR Rept:Life Sci. Biomed. and Behavioral Sci. (JPRS-UBB-84-020) p 76 Sep. 1984 Transl. into ENGLISH from Dokl. Akad. Nauk Ukr.SSR Ser. B: Geol., Khim. i Biol. Nauki (Kiev), no. 5, May 1984 p78-80Avail: NTIS HCA08/MF A01The effects of long-term weightlessness (up to 6 months) onthe electrophoretic mobility of soluble and structural proteins andD-ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase activity of the familyOrchidaceae are studied in the leaves of five species: Epidendrumradicans, Doritis pulcherrima, Haemaria discolor, Paphiopedilluminsigne and Physosiphon loddigesii. Prolonged weightlessnessinduced an increase in the number rapidly-migrating soluble andstructural proteins in the case of Epidendrum, Haemaria, andPhysosiphon. In Paphiopedillum, the number of rapidly-migratingfractions decreased, and, in Doritis, the number remainedessentially unchanged. All changes are reversible. Activities ofcarboxylase are depressed only in Haemaria and Physosiphon,while the activities in the other species remain refractory to changeor actually show anincrease (Doritis, Epidendrum) after terminationof exposure. Weightlessness significantly affects orchid metabolism,including photosynthesis. MAC.

N84-34131# Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, Va.GENETIC STUDY OF PLASMID INTEGRATION IN YEASTCHROMOSOMES. REPORT 1: EFFECT OF INTEGRATION OFEPISOMAL PLASRflID IN RflEIOTIC CROSSOVER INCHROMOSOME 3Abstract OnlyS. A. BULAT and I. A. ZAKHAROV In its USSR Rept.: Life Sci.Biomed. and Behavioral Sci. (JPRS-UBB-84-020) p 61 6 Sep.1984 Transl. into ENGLISH from Genet. (Moscow), v. 20, no. 2,Feb. 1984 p 197-204Avail: NTIS HCA08/MF A01The integration of chimera! plasmids into heterological genomessuch as those of Saccharomycetes is investigated. The strain usedis S.cerevisiae and a related hybrid. A minimum synthetic mediumwith added amino-acids and nitrogen bases is used for culturing.Clones are sought that contained integrated plasmids with selectedinstability features, as confirmed by tetrad analysis. Clones with astable Leu+ trait contain the desired plasmid. Mapping showsthat the plasmid integrated at locus Ieu2 of chromosome three forstable integrants 2-8-7 and 2-8-8 and in an unidentifiedchromosome in stable 2-8x. The presence of the yeast transposonTyl in plasmids with the LEU2 gene is taken to indicate randomintegration. The maps show that plasmid integration in locus Ieu2suppresses crossover in the leu-MAT centromer region. M.A.C.

N84-34132# Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, Va.GENETIC STUDY OF PLASMID INTEGRATION IN YEASTCHROMOSOMES. REPORT 2: ANALYSIS OF IRREGULARMEIOTIC SEGREGATIONAbstract OnlyS. A. BULAT and I. A. ZAKHAROV In its USSR Rept: Life Sci.Biomed. and Behavioral Sci. (JPRS-UBB-84-020) p 61-62 6Sep. 1984 Transl. into ENGLISH from Genet (Moscow), v. 20,no. 2, Feb. 1984 p 205-211Avail: NTIS HCA08/MF A01Saccharomycetes yeast cells are used to determine the roleof nonreciprocal recombination on markers of chromosome 3 whereplasmid integration has previously taken place. The practicalimplications for protein production are also assessed. Episomalplasmid pYF91 is used based on bacterial plasmid pBR322 withfragments of yeast DNA containing the LEU-2 gene and theEcoRI-fragment of 2mu DNA (2,4-megadalton). Meiotic segregationis studied in descendants of the stable integrants 2-8-7, 2-8-8and 2-8x of genotype MATaleu2-3 (with marker LEU2 BLA) ofura3, crossed with strain 88A-D3008of genotype MATalpha leu2-32-112 his 4. One or two segregants are always unstable and theLeu-2+ trait more than 50% of the time. The diploid 2-8xX88Adoes not show conversion segregation at Ieu2, has infrequentloss of integrated plasmid material and no homozygotization atthe his4 marker. The irregularities of the segregation process aresummarized. M.A.C.

N84-34133# Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, Va.OBTAINING YEAST VECTOR MARKED BY MUTATION OFMULTIPLE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE Abstract OnlyO. V. NEVZGLYADOVA and A. G. SMOLYANITSKIY In its USSRRept: Life Sci. Biomed. and Behavioral Sci. (JPRS-UBB-84-020)p62 6 Sep. 1984 Transl. into ENGLISH from Genet. (Moscow),v. 20, no. 2, Feb. 1984 p212-218Avail: NTIS HCA08/MF A01Mutants of Sacch, cerevisiae are produced that have resistanceto several antiobiotics at the same time. The Ant(R) mutation andits relationship to 2mu DNA is studied its value as a marker foryeast vector plasmid in its replicative part. The Ant(R) localizedusing cytoduction and transformation methods. Various MATa andMATalpha genotypes, as well as an E. coli strain yeast vectorDJDB219, are studied. The transmissionof the Ant(R)-determinantsare analyzed in individual heterokaryotic clones. Among some 50analyzed retransformants obtained by introducing hybrid DNA intothe DC-5 strain, eight are resistant to both tested antibiotics, andalso show complete correlation between losses of Leu+- andAnt(R)-phenotypes, indicating linking of the Ant- and LEU2-genes.M.A.C.

N84-34152# Geneva Univ. (Switzerland). Inst. of Morphology.MORPHOMETRIC AND BIOPHYSICAL STUDY OF BONE TISSUEIN IMMOBILIZATION-INDUCED OSTEOPOROSIS IN THEGROWING RATD. UEBELHART, J. M. VERY, and C. A. BAUD In ESA TheGravity RelevanceinBone Mineralization Processes p 73-78 Jul.1984 refsAvail: NTIS HCA06/MF A01The effects of immobilization by nervous section, to simulateweightlessness, on the bones of growing rats were studied byhistomorphometric and biophysical methods. A reduction ofcompact bone growth, resulting from a decrease of formation,and a decrease of trabecular bone volume, resulting from adecrease of formation and an increase of resorption, are shown.The degree of mineralization of compact bone tissue is low, notassociated to an increase of crystallinity index; this characterizesa hypomineralization state. Calcitonin has no effect upon boneformation and mineralization, but decreases resorption ofcancellous bone. No changes in crystallographic parameters aredetected. Author (ESA)

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51 LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)M84-34153# Brussels Univ. (Belgium). Hopital Erasme.ANIMAL MODELS OF DISUSE OSTEOPOROSISM. VERHAS, M. HINSENKAMP, N. DOUROV, and A.SCHOUTENS In ESA The Gravity Relevance in BoneMineralization Processes p 79-81 Jul. 1984 refsAvail: NTIS HCA06/MF A01Two animal models of disuse osteoporosis were used to studythe modification of calcium loss, bone blood flow, and calciumclearance. In paraplegia, a sustained increase of bone blood flow,a demineralization of the skeleton (more pronounced in thetrabecular bone of the epiphyse and metaphyse), clearance ofcalcium 45 decrease, and a temporary stimulation of bone marroware noted. The pattern is not modified by an oral administrationof indomethacin. In a model of tibial unloading, decrease in bonelength on the other limb (overloading tibia) and a diminished bonedensity and bone calcium load on the unloading side areobserved. Author (ESA)M84-34154# Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches de MedecineAerospatiale, Paris (France).USE OF PRIMATE MODEL IN WEIGHTLESSNESS BONEPHYSIOLOGY: GENERAL PROBLEMSC. L MILHAUD, C. NOGUES, and P. C. PESQUIES In ESAThe Gravity Relevance in Bone Mineralization Processes p 83-86Jul. 1984 refsAvail: NTIS HCA06/MF A01Problems associated with the use of primates in space,especially to study calcium metabolism, are reviewed. Primatemodel value advantages include phylogenetic closeness, verticalposture, model versatility, large size, and long restraint periodtolerance. Disadvantages include heterogeneity, safety andsedentarity problems, large size, and ethical problems. Selectionof species, ground simulations, practical problems associated withflights, experimental requirements, and scientific programs arediscussed. Author (ESA)N84-34155# Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches de MedecineAerospatiale, Paris (France).USE OF PRIMATE MODEL IN WEIGHTLESSNESS BONEPHYSIOLOGY. HISTOLOGICAL APPROACH AFTER ILIACCREST BIOPSYC. NOGUES, C. L. MILHAUD, and P. C. PESQUIES In ESAThe Gravity Relevance in Bone Mineralization Processes p 87-89Jul. 1984 refsAvail: NTIS HCA06/MF A01A biopsy sampling technique in monkeys is described andresults obtained under various physiological conditions; includingantiorthostatic bedrest are discussed. An incision of 4 cm isperformed both on the iliac crest and the anterior line of thepelvis. Tissues are dissected until bone is reached: muscle andsuperficial periost are spread and the crest is cut. The bone biopsyis 12 mm long on each side and may be divided into 3 parts tobe immersed in fixative solutions. After resorption differentiatedosteoblasts synthetise osteoid matrix on resorted surfaces. Theamount of newly formed osteoid tissue may be appreciated bymeasuring its surface section (thus its volume density) and itsinterface with marrow, giving surface density of osteoid. Informationobtained on unstained sections includes distance betweencementing line and quiescent bone surface, andcalcification rateafter labeling with fluorescent markers. Author (ESA)N84-34910# Hughes Aircraft Co., Long Beach, Calif. SupportSystems.A STUDY OF THE INTERACTION OF MILLIMETER W A V EFIELDS WITH BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMSFinal ReportA. LAWRENCE,B. PIERCE, J. MCDANIEL, and D. CHANG Jul.1984 57 p(Contract N00014-83-C-0010)(AD-A144150) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL06ROur study of the interaction of millimeter wave fields withbiological systems has concentrated onDavydov's model of solitonformation in alpha-helices. A qualitative understanding has beenobtained for the oscillatory modes of proteins in the millimeter

and submillimeter regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Fourseparate groups of frequencies are found to exist in shortalpha-helices, ranging from 200 gigahertz to 6 terahertz. In longalpha-helices, soliton trapping is predicted for multiquanta excitationat zero temperature, while the existence of solitons at roomtemperature is called into question. A molecular orbital calculationof the exciton-phonon coupling constant in the formamide dimersuggests that the value of this critical constant still needs to bedetermined. The results point up the need for further molecularorbital calculations and experimental verification in order tounderstand the interaction of millimeter waves with biologicalsystems. GRA

N84-34911# Office of Naval Research, London (England).BIOELECTROMAGNETICS RESEARCH IN WEST GERMANY:ANASSESSMENTT. C. ROZZELL 2 Jul. 1984 12 p(AD-A144297; ONRL-R-9-84) Avail: NTIS HCA02/MF A01CSCL 06BThis report highlights some of the key research that has beencarried out in Germany on millimeter-wave effects during the past2 to 4 years. In addition, the report examines otherbioelectromagnetics research related to biological effects as wellas diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Author (GRA)

N84-34912# Office of Naval Research, London (England).BIOELECTROMAGNETICS RESEARCH IN FRANCE: ANASSESSMENTT. C. ROZZELL 29 Jun. 1984 14 p(AD-A144305; ONRL-R-8-84) Avail: NTIS HCA02/MF A01CSCL 06ROver the past decade, France has played a major researchrole in bioelectromagnetics (BEM) (studies of the interaction ofelectromagnetic fields with biological systems). While the totalFrench program was moderate compared with those of othercountries, the contributions it made were highly significant andhad an impact on almost every area of the field. This reportexamines recently completed BEM research and discusses somework done over the past 3 to 5 years. GRA

N84-35053# National Taiwan Univ., Taipei.APPLICATION OF COMPARTMENTALIZATION/AIR LOCK OFSIMULATED PRESSURIZED AIRCRAFT AND TOLERANCE OFLUNG TO RAPID DECOMPRESSION IN DIFFERENTLABORATORY ANIMALS Abstract OnlyH. S. FANG In National Science Council Sci. Res. Abstr. inRepublic of China, 1983 p 100 Jun. 1984Avail: Issuing ActivityThe incidence of pulmonary hemorrhage of different laboratoryanimals undergoing rapid decompression is markedly decreasedby using compartmentalization/air lock of simulated pressurizedaircraft. In protected rabbits, mice and rats, 6 of 24(25%), 7 of24(29%) and 6 of 24 lungs(255) exhibited a few petechialhemorrhages respectively following rapid decompression. Inunprotected animals all lungs showedslight to very severe degreesof decompression-induced hemorrhages. The difference inincidence of such hemorrhages between protected and unprotectedanimals is statistically significant. The mortality percentage of theunprotected animals undergoing rapid decompression is 47%, withno deaths in protected animals. As far as the incidence of suchpulmonary hemorrhages and the mortality of experimental animalsare concerned, the present results indicate that the application ofthe compartmentalization combined with adequate air lock will beof great value in protection against accidental decompression ofpressurized aircraft. MAC.486


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52 AEROSPACE MEDICINE52

AEROSPACE MEDICINEIncludes physiological factors; biological effects of radiation; andweightlessness.

A84-46532ON THE PROBLEM OF THE SPECIFICITY OF RESPONSESOFHEART RHYTHM TO CERTAIN TYPES OF MENTAL TASK LOAD[K VOPROSUO SPETSIFICHNOSTI REAKTSII SERDECHNOGORITMA NA NEKOTORYE VIDY UMSTVENNOI NAGRUZKI]V. V. ROMANOV, N. I. LEVINSKII, and I. N. CHERNOVA (KalininskiiPolitekhnicheskii Institut, Kalinin, USSR) Fiziologiia Cheloveka(ISSN 0131-1646). vol. 10, July-Aug. 1984, p. 563-568. InRussian, refsThe dual-task method was used to evaluate the question ofthe autonomic response specificity of heart rhythm to mental taskload in 15 healthy male subjects. The results fail to confirm thehypothesis of the specificity of cardiovascular-system responsesto the preferential perception of external signals and the solutionof mental problems. Instead, only relatively stable individualresponse features, associated with the personality characteristicsof the subjects, were observed. B.J.

A84-46533PHENOMENON OF THE FALSE LOCALIZATION OF A VISUALIMAGE AND THE FUNCTIONAL ASYMMETRY OF THE HUMANBRAIN [FENOMEN LOZHNOI LOKALIZATSII ZRITEL'NOGOOBRAZA I FUNKTSIONAL'NAIA ASIMMETRIIA MOZGACHELOVEKA]V. N. IARLYKOV (Leningradskii Pediatricheskii Meditsinskii Institut,Leningrad, USSR) Fiziologiia Cheloveka (ISSN 0131-1646), vol.10, July-Aug. 1984, p. 573-577. In Russian, refsA tachistoscope was used to study vertical-line localization inthe right and left semifields of vision.,The false localization of thevisual image was found to be asymmetric: it was remarked onlywhen the stimulus was presented in the right semifield. Thisasymmetry points to the anisotropic character of the visual space,i.e., to the nonequivalence of the right and left parts of this spacefor a healthy human. It is noted that this phenomenon can beexplained by the simultaneous use of different strategies by thetwo brain hemispheres: the left hemisphere is 'careful' while theright hemisphere takes 'risks', B.J.

A84-46534TRAINING OF THE VESTIBULAR STABILITY OF STUDENTSIN PHYSICAL-EDUCATION CLASSES [TSELENAPRAVLENNAIATRENIROVKA VESTIBULIARNOI USTOICHIVOSTI STUDENTOVV PROTSESSE ZANIATII POFIZICHESKOMY VOSPITANIIU]V. V.SHEVTSOV (Tiumenskii Gosudarstvennyi Unh/ersitet, Tyumen,USSR) Fiziologiia Cheloveka (ISSN 0131-1646), vol. 10,July-Aug.1984, p. 589-593. In Russian, refsThe paper examines methods for enhancing the vestibularstability of students in physical-education classes. It is shown thatthe utilization of exercises having an effect on the vestibularapparatus makes somatic, sensory, and vegetative responses lesspronounced. The vestibular-related exercises also lead to thedevelopment of habits relating to the performance of activities onthe background of the stimulation of the vestibular analyzer. Theprocess of motion control is also improved. B.J.

A84-46535PATTERN OF EXTERNAL BREATHING AND GASEXCHANGEDURING THE COMBINED EFFECT OF HYPOXIA ANDHYPERCAPNIA ON THE BODY [DINAMIKA VNESHNEGODYKHANIIA I GAZOOBMENA PRI KOMBINIROVANNOMVOZDEISTVII NAORGANIZM GIPOKSII I GIPERKAPNII]N. A. AGADZHANIAN,L KH. BRAGIN, G. A. DAVYDOV,and IU.A. SPASSKII Fiziologiia Cheloveka (ISSN 0131-1646). vol. 10,July-Aug. 1984, p. 610-616. In Russian, refsData on optimal combinations of hypoxia and hypercapniapertaining to a prolonged stay in a rarefied atmosphere wereobtained from investigations conducted on eight males. It is shownthat changes of a number of physiological indicators under theeffect of hypercapnia in various periods of high-altitude adaptationin conditions of rest are preserved even during light physicalexercise. Three-week adaptation to high-altitude conditions isaccompanied by a number of physiological shifts, leading to animproved tolerance of high concentrations of CO2 (up to 38 mmHg). B.J.

A84-46536INVESTIGATION OF THE RESPIRATION, HEMODYNAMICS,CARDIODYNAMICS, AND OXYGEN REGIMES IN ATHLETES INMOUNTAIN CONDITIONS [ISSLEDOVANIE DYKHANIIA, GEMO-IKARDIODINAMIKI, KISLORODNYKH REZHIMOV ORGANIZMAU SPORTSMENOV V GORAKH]M. M. FILIPPOV, M. T. KEREFOV, L. B. DOLOMAN, and V. I.MUDRIK (Akademiia Nauk Ukrainskoi SSR, Institut Fiziologii, Kiev,Ukrainian SSR) Fiziologiia Cheloveka (ISSN 0131-1646), vol. 10,July-Aug. 1984, p. 617-622. In Russian, refsIt is shown that the external-breathing function of athletesimproved as they ascended to a height of 3500 m; however, thenecessary rate of oxygen supply was not reached, which led to adecrease in total oxygen consumption. Compared with mountaininhabitants, the athletes evidenced less optimal regimes of externalbreathing and blood circulation, and a lower efficiency of oxygenregimes. A low PO2 of mixed venous blood, a pH shift, a greaterdeficit of buffer bases, and an acid-base imbalance of the bloodwere observed in the athletes at 3500 m. This indicates thecommencement of secondary tissue hypoxia. B.J.

A84-46S37FACTORS DETERMINING THE EFFICIENCY OF THEVOLUNTARY REDUCTION OF VENTILATION DURINGMUSCULAR WORK USING INSTRUMENTED FEEDBACK[FAKTORY, OPREDELIAIUSHCHIE EFFEKTIVNOST'PROIZVOL'NOGO SNIZHENIIA VENTILIATSII PRI MYSHECHNOIRABOTE S ISPOL'ZOVANIEM INSTRUMENTAL'NOI OBRATNOISVIAZI]S. N. KUCHKIN (Volgogradskii Institut Fizicheskoi Kul'tury.Volgograd, USSR) Fiziologiia Cheloveka (ISSN 0131-1646), vol.10, July-Aug. 1984, p. 623-630. In Russian, refsExperiments were conducted on eight subjects, 17-18 years ofage. It is shown that a voluntary reduction of the level of ventilationunder increasing muscular loads can be achieved throughinstrumented feedback in the range of 60-80 percent of thereference level and is limited by the imperative breathing stimulus(due mainly to progressive hypercapnia). The efficiency of thevoluntary reduction is shown to depend on three factors: (1) thetype of working hyperpnea according to the pattern of P(A)CO2under increasing loads; (2) the basal type of breathing pattern;and (3) the degree to which the habit of voluntary control ofbreathing has been learned. B.J.

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52 AEROSPACE MEDICINEA84-46538EFFECT OF GEOMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES ON THECONDITIONS OF CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTIONS INATHLETES [VLIIANIE GEORflAGNITNYKH VOZMUSHCHENII NASOSTOIANIE SERDECHNO-SOSUDISTYKH FUNKSII USPORTSMENOV]G. V. RYZHIKOV and T. D. DZHEBRAILOVA (AkademiiaMeditsinskikh Nauk SSSR, Moscow, USSR) Fiziologiia Cheloveka(ISSN 0131-1646), vol. 10, July-Aug. 1984, p. 640-646. InRussian, refsExperiments were conducted to study the effect of geomagneticdisturbanceson the performance of archers (11 males 20-30 yearsof age) during training and competition and on the cardiovascularfunctions of these athletes. A decline of performance was observedon magnetically disturbed days; the archers were divided into thoseresistant to magnetic disturbances and those nonresistant to suchdisturbances on the basis of the degree of performance decrease.Those athletes were found to be resistant to the geomagneticdisturbances who were characterized by an increase of sympatheticeffects on cardiac activity. An increase in parasympathetic effectswas characteristic for athletes with a more or less pronounceddecline in performance. B.J.

A84-46808#THE FIELD TREATMENT OF HYPOTHERMIAJ. R. POPPLOW and L. A. KUEHN (Department of NationalDefence, Ottawa, Canada) (Canadian Aeronautics and SpaceInstitute, Annual General Meeting, 31st, Ottawa, Canada, May 28,1984) Canadian Aeronautics and Space Journal (ISSN 0008-2821),vol. 30, June 1984, p. 114-119. refsData from unpublished human hypothermia rewarmingexperiments as well as literature information has been compiledto provide advice to initial rescuers of hypothermia victims. Blanketinsulation in a warm room or vehicle provides 0.5 to 1.0 C/hrcore rewarming. This rate is comparable to that achieved using aradiation heat cradle, hot water showers, electric blanket orrespiratory warming and is usually available in the field to everyrescuer. Medical care teams should beadvised to check the airwayand respiration and begin respiratory assistance immediately, ifnecessary. If the victim is unconscious, very cold to touch, withno detectable heart beat, external cardiac massage should not bestarted immediately, since it may precipitate an irreversiblefibrillation and very little will be achieved if the core temperatureis 30 C or below. If sinus rhythm has not returned when the deepbody temperature reaches 30 C, defibrillation may then beattempted, or cardiac massage instituted. Author

A84-46539RENIN-ANGIOTENSION-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM ANDADAPTATION OF THE ORGANISM TO STRESS IN OLD AGE[RENIN-ANGIOTENZIN-AL'DOSTERONOVAIA SISTEMA IADAPTATSIIA ORGANIZRflA K STRESSU V STAROSTI]O. V. KORKUSHKO and M. I. ASINOVA (Akademiia MeditsinskikhNauk SSSR, Kiev, Ukrainian SSR) Fiziologiia Cheloveka (ISSN0131-1646), vol. 10, July-Aug. 1984, p. 655-658. In Russian.refsStress in young (20-29 years of age) and old (60-74 years ofage) people was studied by using physical loads of submaximalintensity and intramuscular administration of adrenalin at a doseof 0.007-0.008 mg/kg of body mass. The activity of renin and theconcentration of aldosterone in the blood plasma were assessedby the radio-immune technique. Activation of therenin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system was observed in theold people during low-intensity loading. In the young people,however, the administration of the adrenaline andstandard physicalloading (90 W) did not produce significant changes in renin activityand aldosterone concentration in the blood plasma. At the sametime, the submaximal physical load produced a more significantactivation of the RAA system in young people, which indicatesthat the aging process is characterized by a decrease in theresponse capacity of the humoral mechanism considered and adecline in the reliability of this mechanism in stress situations. B.J.

A84-46540HYPERBARIC PHYSIOLOGY (CURRENT STATUS ANDFUTUREPROSPECTS) [GIPERBARICHESKAIA FIZIOLOGIIA/SOSTOIANIE I PERSPEKTIVY/]G. L. ZALTSMAN Fiziologiia Cheloveka (ISSN 0131-1646), vol.10, July-Aug. 1984, p. 659-673. In Russian, refsA description is given of human physiology in a hyperbaricenvironment, and attention is paid to the effects of hyperbaricenvironments on physiological processes and structures of thehuman body, to the physiological foundations for the mastering ofhyperbaric environments, to the effects of hyperbaric environmentson pathological processes, and to therapeutic applications ofhyperbaric environments. Tables enumerating extremal factors ofhyperbaric environments and corresponding adaptive andpathological reactions are given. B.J.

A84-46809#CONTACT LENSES AND OTHER OPHTHALMIC INNOVATIONSAND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO THE FLIGHT ENVIRONMENTL. G. HART (Canadian Aeronautics and Space Institute, AnnualGeneral Meeting, 31st, Ottawa, Canada, May 28, 1984) CanadianAeronautics and Space Journal (ISSN 0008-2821), vol. 30, June1984, p. 120-127. refs

A84-47496SEA SICKNESS [MORSKAIA BOLEZN']V. N. BARNATSKII Moscow, Izdatel'stvo Meditsina, 1983, 144p. In Russian, refsConsideration is given to the clinical characteristics, prophylaxisand treatment of various forms of sea sickness which occur underconditions of strong sustained (many-day) ocean storms, as wellas during short passages on small boats in coastal regions. Acritical analysis is made of existing theories on the etiology andpathogenesis of sea sickness, and methods for the treatment ofvarious forms of motion sickness (nausea occurring as a result ofusing various forms of transportation) are reviewed. I.H.

A84-47499BASIC INSTRUMENTAL METHODS FOR THE STUDY OF THEHEART [OSNOVNYE INSTRUMENTAL'NYE RflETODYISSLEDOVANIIA SERDTSA]IA. M. MILOSLAVSKII, D. K. KHODZHAEVA, A. I. NEFEDOVA,and V. N.OSLOPOV Kazan, Izdatel'stvo Kazanskogo Universiteta,1983, 144 p. In Russian, refsAn instructional manual on instruments for cardiac care ispresented which is intended for medical students and professors.Particular attention is given to electrocardiography as the principalelectrocardiological method for studying heart functions. Basicoperational characteristics of vectorcardiography,phonocardiography, sphygmography and polycardiography aredescribed. The role of rheographs in the study of the central andperipheral hemodynamics of the heart isdescribed, and he functionof electrocardiographs in the visualization of changes in heartstructure is also described. Several diagrams of the instrumentsare provided, as well as sample electrocardiograms and sampleechocardiograms. I.H.


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52 AEROSPACE MEDICINEA84-47999CLINICAL-PHYSIOLOGICAL POSSIBILITIES OF PREDICTINGTHE COURSE OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE[KUNIKO-FIZIOLOGICHESKIE VOZMOZHNOSTIPROGNOZIROVANIIA TECHENIIA ISHEMICHESKOI BOLEZNISERDTSA]V. S. SHAGINIAN Akademiia Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR. Soobshcheniia(ISSN 0132-1447), vol. 113, March 1984, p. 625-628. In Russian.refsAn attempt is made to derive- optimization criteria for thehemodynamic productivity of the heart with reference to theprediction of the course of ischemic heart disease; the studyinvolved the clinical investigation of 70 patients with ischemic heartdisease 38 to 78 years of age and a control group of 25 healthypersons of the same age. It is shown that the negative balanceof the effective part of the preloading and postloading of thecardiac ventricles, particularly pronounced in patients with a lethaloutcome, makes it possible to predict the course of ischemic heartdisease and to avert the deterioration of the patient's state. B.J.A84-48042THE DOSE-DEPENDENCE OF THE YIELD OFCHROMOSOMEABERRATIONS IN HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES FOLLOWINGIRRADIATION OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD WITHMONOENERGETIC NEUTRONS OF 2, 4, AND 6 MEV[ZAVISIMOST1 VYKHODA ABERRATSII KHROMOSOM OT DOZYPRI OBLUCHENII LIMFOTSITOV PERIFERICHESKOI KROVICHELOVEKA MONOENERGETICHESKIMI NEITRONAMI SENERGIEI 2, 4 I 6 MEV]A. V. SEVANKAEV, G. M. OBATUROV, V. A. NASONOVA, andN. N. IZMAILOVA (Akademiia Meditsinskikh Nauk SSSR, Obninsk,USSR) Radiobiologiia (ISSN 0033-8192), vol. 24, July-Aug. 1984,p. 531-533. In Russian, refsA84-48537* National Aeronautics and Space Administration.Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif.PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO PROLONGED BED RESTAND FLUID IMMERSION IN HUMANSJ. E. GREENLEAF (NASA. Ames Research Center, Laboratory forHuman Environmental Physiology, Moffett Field, CA) Journal ofApplied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and ExercisePhysiology (ISSN 0161-7567), vol. 57, Sept. 1984, p. 619-633.refsFor many centuries, physicians have used prolonged rest inbed and immersion in water in the treatment of ailments anddisease. Both treatments have positive remedial effects. However,adverse physiological responses become evident when patientsreturn to their normal daily activities. The present investigation isconcerned with an analysis of the physiological changes duringbed rest and the effects produced by water immersion. It is foundthat abrupt changes in body position related to bed rest causeacute changes in fluid compartment volumes. Attention is givento fluid shifts and body composition, renal function and diuresis,calcium and phosphorus metabolism, and orthostatic tolerance. Ina discussion of water immersion, fluid shifts are considered alongwith cardiovascular-respiratory responses, renal function, andnatriuretic and diuretic factors. G.R.A84-40859RETINAL VERSUS EXTRARETINAL INFLUENCES IN FLASHLOCALIZATION DURING SACCADIC EYE MOVEMENTS IN THEPRESENCE OF A VISIBLE BACKGROUNDJ. K. OREGAN (CNRS, Paris, France) Perception andPsychophysics (ISSN 0031-5117), vol. 36, no. 1, July 1984, p.1-14. refsFour experiments examined the relative use of retinal andextraretinal information in judging the location of a stimulus flashpresented under normal lighting conditions in the temporal vicinityof an eye saccade. Two previous studies done under normal lightingconditions (Bischof and Kramer, 1968, and Mateeff. 1978) hadhypothesized strong use of extraretinal information. The presentstudy reexamined this work and showed that, in fact, two kinds ofretinal effects had been neglected in these studies, and that these

alone probably suffice to explain the results. The first retinal effectis related to differences between