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Nanotechnology in Daily Life
Joshua MorenoDanielle MillerScott Marwil
Overview
Nanotechnology in Electronics Nanotechnology in Automobiles Nanotechnology in Clothing
Nanotechnology in Electronics
Very close to being in actual consumer products
Can increase the power and speed of devices by several times
Current Process
Lithography – top down method of writing structures on a surface with a probe
Lithography can only go so far Memory and processor speeds are nearing
their current theoretical maximums As we near the theoretical limits,
traditional silicon chips become less reliable due to size issues
Square arrays over hexagonal
Computers
The new process of building computers will be with a bottom up process
Block co-polymer lithography
3-4 times smaller chips
2-3 times the power No start-up time
Faster Processors
etching can only go so far
10-15% better drive current gives better performance and less leakage
Transistors from carbon nanotubes that have doubled the electrical current
New Memory Types
Nanodots Nano sized dots of
nickle Terabyte storage
capacity Can be packed
much closer as they act as independent units
Bio-Nanotechnology
Nano chips inside of cells
Huge medical potential
Spiral structure found most durable
By 2020, 2500 transistors could fit on a cell
Cell Phones
Many the same aspects of computers
Smaller transistors give higher frequencies = better reception
Longer battery life Phone companies
would need less towers
Cameras Possibilities of no flash SMPD image sensors
can sense more light and IR wave lengths
12 mega pixel cell phone cameras due to quantum dots
Quantum dots are color specific and absorb and transfer light better than silicon receptors
Maybe not Everyday to You
The U.S. military uses electronics on an everyday basis.
Night vision and thermal imagers are used by soldiers, pilots, and UAVs
Gives the US a major advantage
Night Vision
The core of night vision is the microchannel plate(MCP)
Electrons pass through thousands of microchannels which multiply the electrons
New microfilm that is 10,000 times thinner than a human hair
Thermal Detectors
New development with carbon nanotubes
Microbolometer detectors New technology has lowered micron
pitch down to 17 from previous numbers of 50-100.
Wrap-up
Still a lot of development occurring in this field
However the first of the next generation of chips, processors, computers, etc should be coming into the market within the next couple of years
Greatly increases the current capabilities in all aspects
Nanotechnology in Automobiles
Unless otherwise indicated, all information and figures in this section are from:
Skandan, Ganesh, Singhal, Amit, and Soberevilla, Damian (2009) ‘Automotive Parts: Impact of Nanotechnology’, Dekker Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Second Edition, 1, 241-248
Nanotechnology in Automobiles
Coatings Structural Applications Aftermarket Products Potential Applications
Clear Coatings
Outer paint of car has 5+ layers
~100 μm Benefits
• 3x scratch resistance
• Longer gloss life Future: UV curing
• Less VOCs• Better appearance• Better Durability
Antireflection Coatings
Glass with nanoscale layers of sun protecting and infrared
reflecting material embedded in it.
http://www.ytca.com/images/site_images/coated.jpg
Engine Block CoatingWhy nanostructured coatings could improve engine
efficiency?
Engine Block Coating
Qualities Needed:• Low friction• Corrosion resistant• Scuffing resistant• Thermal insulation• Affinity for oil
coating
Research is being conducted, but not likely to reach market anytime soon.
Nanomaterials for Structural Applications
Objective: Reduce weight of vehicles
Nanomaterials for Structural Applications
Objective: Reduce weight of vehicles
a b
c
Nanomaterials for Structural Applications
Objective: Reduce weight of vehicles• 25% less than glass and carbon fiber
filled plastics• 80% less than steel
Nanomaterials for Structural Applications
Objective: Reduce weight of vehicles• 25% less than glass and carbon fiber
filled plastics• 80% less than steel
Why: Improve fuel economy Positive Effect: Mechanical properties
are better than traditional materials Negative Effect: Increases the cost
This application of nanotechnology can be found in everyday cars.
Nanotechnology-Enabled Products for the Aftermarket
Windshield coatings repel• Rain• Snow• Bugs• Bird droppings• Spray paint• Most other liquids
Car Air Purifier• Circulated air cleaned by a reduction and
oxidation through a photocatalytic reaction
Potential Applications
Catalytic Converters & Fuel Cells• Nanocomposite catalysts
reduce the amount of Pt• Pt costs a lot
www.etrailer.com/Merchant2/graphics/00000001/pics/M/F/MFConverter%20Diagram%20with%20Air%20Tube_500.jpg
Potential Applications
Magnetic Sensors• Allow contactless determination
of mechanical parameters• Multiple layers of metal• Each layer only 1-2nm
Engine Coolants• Greater thermal conductivity
Better heat transfer
Summary of Nanotechnology Applications to Modern Automobiles
Nanotechnology in Clothing
Resistant to spills and stains Water resistant Odor resistant Ability to conduct electricity
Spill and Stain Resistance
Treats the material with chemicals that change the clothing on the molecular level
Allows for spills to bead, rather than soak into fabrics
Water Resistance
Material made from coating polyester fibers with small silicone filaments
Layer of silicone nanofilaments is highly hydrophobic
Causes water to bead
Water Resistance
Combination of hydrophobic surface chemistry and the nanoparticle structure leads to this “super-hydrophobic” effect
Water Resistance
Lotus leaves use a similar combination of water repelling materials and tiny nanostructures
The silicone nanostructures also trap a layer of air in-between them creating a permanent air layer known as a plastron
Odor Resistance
Material that can trap odors and release them in the washing machine
Achieved by treating the fabric with nanoparticles
Conducting Electricity
Pairs of textile fibers covered with zinc oxide nanowires can generate electrical current using the piezoelectric effect.
Conducting Electricity
Conducting Electricity
Nanogenerators create electricity through movement
Allows a person to power their own electrical devices while moving
Conducting Electricity
Current nanogenerators do not produce enough power
After further research, estimates say one sq meter of material could produce 80 mW of power
Conclusion
Research is proving that the possibilities are limitless
Some items already marketed Nano-tex Further research still needed
Sources http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=3892457 http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16126-nanotech-clothing-fabric-never-gets-wet.html http://www.nano-tex.com/technologies/neutralizer.html http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2008-02/giot-fni020908.php
Questions
?
Group S4 Rebuttal (2nd Presentation)
Joshua MorenoDanielle MillerScott Marwil
General Comments
• Overall, there was very little negative feedback on the presentation.
• Thanks to all for the constructive criticism.• We feel we have greatly improved our
presentation skills from the first presentation to this one.
Speaker Performance
• Several notes were made about inadequate use of the microphone and laser pointer. We will do our best to ensure that we make full use of the items available to present topics clearly.
• We felt that the presentation was a solid performance and that only small improvements could have been made.
Presentation
• Several comments were made about the good use of relevant pictures and humor. We tried our best to implement more of these aspects into our presentation.
• We were missing some citing information and will do our best to not make this mistake in the future.
Food
• Everyone loves ICE CREAM!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Group 1 Evaluation of Group 4
Presentation:Nanotechnology in the Daily Life
By Group 4
Fantastic topics chosen◦ Lots of details and specifics about nanotechnology in computers
and cars◦ Really captured the audience with relevant, and important, data
critical to devices used everyday Slides had good format
◦ Easy to read◦ Lots of helpful graphics
A lot was presented◦ The need for further inquiry of certain topics was almost
unnecessary due to thorough presentation Showed a variety of uses from small microprocessors, to
travel and clothing, to an overall global economic scale. The topics were broken up into clear, succinct, subjects
that were easy to follow, and all important to everyday use.
Positive Notes
Group 1 thinks that the only area for improvement would be to practice working together as group presenters more◦ However, the overall presentation, transitions,
data, and topics presented were highly professional
Danielle is a bit quiet when speaking. Perhaps better use of the microphone would have helped
Opportunities for Improvement
S2 review of 2nd S4 Nanotechnology in Daily Life
The bad
• Sources of images not cited• Some font size was too small• Almost 3 presentations in one file; disjointed
feeling• Did they really only use 4 sources for the
whole thing?• Not based on any specific paper(s)
The good
• Professional layout• Color Scheme was effective and not distracting• Relevant figures• Excellent ability to see how electronics and
automobile applications are relevant to daily life; not easy to see for clothing
Review of S4—Nanotechnology in Daily Life
By S3:James KancewickMichael Koetting
Bradford Lamb
PositivesThe variety of topics discussed made the
presentation interesting and showed the wide applicability of nanotechnology in common uses.
Speaking was very good throughout the presentation.
Presentation contained plenty of pictures, which helped keep the audience entertained with the presentation.
Areas for ImprovementAlmost none of the images had cited sources.
Cite your sources!Although a lot of information was presented
on what nanotechnology can do in our daily lives, not much was said about how it achieves these goals.Add more information regarding mechanisms
of each application.This would have made each application seem
more real (i.e. currently being done) and less like the dreams of some futurist.
CHEN 481Presentation 8 Review
Group 5Trevor SeidelLaura YoungPradip Rijal
Jason Savatsky
Presentation Review
• The speakers all did well. They spoke clearly and loudly.
• Adding humor to the slides was a good way to keep the attention of the audience.
• The topics that they chose to discuss were relevant to the audience. This also helped to make their presentation interesting.
• The graphics that were shown complimented the material.
Presentation Review
• The graphical effects on the car picture with the scratched surface were good and helped to show the scratches to the audience.
• Overall, the team did a great job, and the ice cream was very good.
Review: Nanotechnology in the Daily Life
S6:Daniel Arnold John BaumhardtMichael TranMichael Trevathan
http://c2.api.ning.com/files/fuwBh-9*s2IPTynyWg-o21mY5IfL2QjfDkfW4fFyCspSRbKBDGTafKNslLXXmED5zWcNkoB-VWVnn8nkRvyrzKsfAAuEimkf/Daily_Life_by_Ennokni.jpg
Review• We enjoyed the macro-scale approach of the
presentation; the impact of nanotechnology in our daily lives was interesting
• High quality slides▫ looked like a lot of work was put into making them▫ Clear and easy to read▫ Great text to picture ratio
• It was a good to split the topic into electronics, automobiles, and clothing. ▫ They all have a large impact on our lives
• There were many pictures that helped convey the concepts throughout the presentation that made everything easier to understand
Review• All the presenters spoke clearly and confidently
▫ No filler words▫ Great transitions▫ Excellent tone/poise/dress code
• Improvements▫ The laser pointer should have been used more▫ All the pictures and text should have been properly cited (we
recognize that each section was sited, but more is required)▫ The sources at the end of the presentation should not simply be
website pages• Overall, great presentation – it was a great change from all
the traditional nano-scale experiments• The ice cream made the entire presentation much more
enjoyable- thanks!