National Nanotechnology Initiative Contributions to Nanotechnology … · 2008-07-22 · National Nanotechnology Initiative Contributions to Nanotechnology Commercialization ... revolution

National Nanotechnology Initiative National Nanotechnology Initiative Contributions to Nanotechnology Contributions to Nanotechnology CommercializationCommercialization

TAPPI International Conference on Nanotechnology for Forest ProductsSt. Louis, MissouriJune 25-27, 2008

E. Clayton TeagueDirectorNational Nanotechnology Coordination Office

ECTeague NNCO/ NSET/ NSTC TAPPI International Conference on Nanotechnology for Forest Products * St. Louis * June 25, 2008

What is the National Nanotechnology Initiative?What is the National Nanotechnology Initiative?

The NNI is an interagency, crossThe NNI is an interagency, cross--cut cut program that coordinates Federal program that coordinates Federal nanoscale research and nanoscale research and development activities and related development activities and related efforts among various participating efforts among various participating agencies (currently 25)agencies (currently 25)

The NNI began in 2001 and its The NNI began in 2001 and its activities were codified and further activities were codified and further defined in the 21st Century defined in the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Nanotechnology Research and Development Act (Dec. 2003)Development Act (Dec. 2003)

Estimated federal NNI expenditures Estimated federal NNI expenditures were over $1.4 billion in FY 2008were over $1.4 billion in FY 2008


What is What is ““nanotechnologynanotechnology””? ?

Nanotechnology is the Nanotechnology is the understanding and controlunderstanding and controlof matter at dimensions between approximately of matter at dimensions between approximately 1 1 and 100 nanometersand 100 nanometers, where , where unique phenomenaunique phenomenaenable novel applicationsenable novel applications……

Nanotechnology involves imaging, measuring, Nanotechnology involves imaging, measuring, modeling, and manipulating matter at this length modeling, and manipulating matter at this length scale scale –– the nanoscalethe nanoscale

Ability to understand, create, and use structures, Ability to understand, create, and use structures, devices, and systems that have devices, and systems that have fundamentally fundamentally new properties and functions because of their new properties and functions because of their nanoscale structurenanoscale structure

The NNI definition of "nanotechnology"The NNI definition of "nanotechnology"


Six agencies developed original 2001 NNI proposalNow have 25 NSET Subcommittee member agencies

NSET Subcommittee Member Agencies NSET Subcommittee Member Agencies Participating in the NNIParticipating in the NNI


The National Nanotechnology Initiative:The National Nanotechnology Initiative:Vision and GoalsVision and Goals

The vision of the NNIThe vision of the NNI: a future in which the ability to : a future in which the ability to understand and control matter on the nanoscale leads to a understand and control matter on the nanoscale leads to a revolution in technology and industry that benefits society.revolution in technology and industry that benefits society.

Through a Through a program of coordinated R&Dprogram of coordinated R&D, NNI participating , NNI participating agencies are working collectively toward the agencies are working collectively toward the following four following four goals:goals:

Advance a worldAdvance a world--class research and development class research and development programprogram

Facilitate technology transfer of new technologies into Facilitate technology transfer of new technologies into products for commercial and public benefitproducts for commercial and public benefit

Develop & sustain educational resources, a skilled Develop & sustain educational resources, a skilled workforce, and the supporting research infrastructure workforce, and the supporting research infrastructure and tools to advance nanotechnologyand tools to advance nanotechnology

Support responsible development of nanotechnologySupport responsible development of nanotechnology


Figure II-1. Collective agency funding (in millions of dollars) reported since inception of the NNI (the 2008 figure is estimated; the 2009 figure is requested).

$464

$697$774

$989

$1,200

$1,350 $1,390$1,491 $1,527

$0

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1,000

$1,200

$1,400

$1,600

$1,800

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Funding (in millions of dollars) reported since inception of the NNI (the 2008 figure is estimated; the 2009 figure is requested)

NNI Collective Agency Funding for 2001 to 2009NNI Collective Agency Funding for 2001 to 2009


Goal 1:Goal 1: Advance a worldAdvance a world--class class research and development programresearch and development program

NNI agencies invest at the frontiers and intersections of many disciplines, including biology, chemistry, engineering, materials, and physics

Investments aimed to stimulate discovery and innovation through nanotechnology R&D

NNI agencies support about 4,000 active awards for nanotechnology R&D in about 300 academic organizations and 200 private organizations in all 50 states

U.S.-origin inventors and assignees hold the most nanotechnology-related inventions with patent publications in 3 or more countries – 37% vs. 24% for closest competitor, JapanForefront R&D provides a foundation for an academic and business environment that promotes innovation and commercialization

Communication to industry and business through workshops and publishing reports


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Citations by Country (Citations by Country (LeydesdorffLeydesdorff & Wagner 2006) & Wagner 2006)

From PCAST (NNAP) 2008 Report


Supplement to theSupplement to thePresident's FY 2008 BudgetPresident's FY 2008 Budget

NNI Activities and Documents Inform Agencies, NNI Activities and Documents Inform Agencies, Report Outcomes, and Serve as ResourcesReport Outcomes, and Serve as Resources

General brochureGeneral brochurefor a broad audiencefor a broad audience

2007 NNI Strategic Plan2007 NNI Strategic Plan

NNI EHS Research NNI EHS Research Strategy (Just released)Strategy (Just released)

http://www.nano.gov/html/res/pdf/Nanotechnology_BigThingsfromaTinyWorld.pdf

ECTeague NNCO/ NSET/ NSTC Informatics Needs for Nanomaterials - Oak Ridge 020807

Goal 2: Facilitate technology transfer of Goal 2: Facilitate technology transfer of new technologies into products for new technologies into products for commercial and public benefitcommercial and public benefit

Working with industry to form Cooperative Working with industry to form Cooperative Boards to Advance Nanotechnology (Boards to Advance Nanotechnology (CBANsCBANs) in ) in various industry sectorsvarious industry sectors

Small Business Innovation ResearcSmall Business Innovation Researchh and Small and Small Business Technology TransBusiness Technology Transfer fer ResearchResearch AwardsAwards

Supporting standaSupporting standarrdsds forfor nanotechnology nanotechnology commercialization commercialization –– ISO, OECD, ASTM, IEEE, IECISO, OECD, ASTM, IEEE, IECDirect funding to businesses for startDirect funding to businesses for start--up/innovative activitiesup/innovative activities


Industry Consultative Boards for Advancing Nanotech Key for development of nanotechnology, reciprocal gains

CCR

Electronic Industry (SRC lead), October/2003 - Collaborative activities in key R&D areas 5 working groups, Periodical joint actions and reports; NSF-SRC agreement for joint funding; other joint funding

Chemical Industry (CCR lead) - Joint road map for nanomaterials R&D; Report in 2004; 2 working groups, including one EHS Use of NNI R&D results, and one to identify R&D opportunities

Organizations and business (IRI lead) - Joint activities in R&D technology management; 2 working groups (nanotech in industry, EHS) Exchange information, use NNI results, support new topics

Forest products industries (AF&PA lead), April 2007 – Facilitate forest products industry input to and communication with NSET Subcommittee


SBIR and STTR Funding in Support of Nanotechnology Commercialization

2004–2007 Agency SBIR and STTR Awards(in millions of dollars)

2004 2005 2006 2007DOD 17.4 13 18.2 12.6

NSF 12.8 17.6 15.7 17.2

DHHS (NIH) 11.9 16.3 17.2 19.5

DHHS (NIOSH) 0 0 0.1 0.1

DOE 9.6 8.1 19.8 18.2

NASA 7.8 6 13.6 13.2

EPA 0.6 1 1.2 0.5

USDA 0.8 1 0.7 1.1

DOC (NIST) 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.3

TOTAL 61.4 63.1 86.6 82.7


Nanostructured Decontamination

Non-toxic nanomaterials demonstrated to treat a wide range of toxic chemicals and CW agents

High surface area - greater capacity and faster reactivity for increased protection

Proven to remove over 99.6% of VX, GD (soman) and HD (mustard gas) in <90 sec; converting these agents to safer by-products

System of pressurized cylinders, bulk pails and shakers offers robust utility against range of scenarios with minimal training

Fielded in July 2004 by RDECOM

Joint effort between ARL-ARO, Kansas State University, NanoScale Materials, Inc., USSOCOM, USMC, and DTRA

99.9

99.6

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“SBIRs have been our life-blood and are now yielding oriented results.”Ken Klabunde; Nanoscale Materials, Inc.

$13,000,000 in SBIR (mostly) and BAA contracts, from ARO, DARPA, Marcorsyscom, NSF, etc.

Fast-Act


Direct Funding for StartDirect Funding for Start--up/Innovative Effortsup/Innovative Efforts

Focuses on increasing Department of Defense (Focuses on increasing Department of Defense (DoDDoD) awareness of ) awareness of emerging commercial technologies developed by nonemerging commercial technologies developed by non--traditional traditional DoDDoD procurement sourcesprocurement sourcesTransfer knowledge and understanding between Transfer knowledge and understanding between DoDDoD participants participants with specific capability needs and small innovative companieswith specific capability needs and small innovative companies

50%50%

Created by America COMPETES Act (PL 110Created by America COMPETES Act (PL 110--69, signed 8/9/07), 69, signed 8/9/07), ““to support, promote, & accelerate innovation in the U.S. to support, promote, & accelerate innovation in the U.S. through highthrough high--risk, highrisk, high--reward research in areas of critical reward research in areas of critical national need.national need.””50% cost50% cost--shared awards limited to no more than $3 million total shared awards limited to no more than $3 million total over 3 yrs. for a singleover 3 yrs. for a single--company project or no more than $9 company project or no more than $9 million total over 5 years for joint venture.million total over 5 years for joint venture.


Goal 3: Develop and sustain educational Goal 3: Develop and sustain educational resources, a skilled workforce, & the resources, a skilled workforce, & the supporting research infrastructure and tools supporting research infrastructure and tools to advance nanotechnologyto advance nanotechnology

Developing research user facilities and centers of Developing research user facilities and centers of excellence excellence and making and making highhigh--cost, forefront cost, forefront technology equipmenttechnology equipment readily available to industryreadily available to industryEst.10,000 students and teachers trained annually Est.10,000 students and teachers trained annually in nanotechnology in nanotechnology Majority of science and engineering colleges have Majority of science and engineering colleges have introduced courses related to nanoscale science, introduced courses related to nanoscale science, engineering, or technologyengineering, or technology


64 major NNI centers, networks, user facilities64 major NNI centers, networks, user facilities


DOE Nanoscale Science Research CentersDOE Nanoscale Science Research Centers


Conducts strategic workshops and other activities to build communities of practice in nanomanufacturingBuilding an open source information clearinghouse, InterNano, to provide vital information to nanomanufacturing communityFour current members of network

Center for Hierarchical Manufacturing based at the University of Massachusetts AmherstCenter for Nanoscale Chemical-Electrical-Mechanical Manufacturing Systems based at the University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignCenter for High Rate Nanomanufacturing based at Northeastern UniversityCenter for Scalable and Integrated Nanomanufacturing based at UC Berkeley24 other academic partner universities

Funded by the National Science Foundation

An alliance of academic, government and industry partners that cooperate to advance nanomanufacturing strength in the U.S. that:


NSF Supports Formal and Informal NSF Supports Formal and Informal Nanotechnology EducationNanotechnology Education

Research Experience for Undergraduates Research Experience for Undergraduates and Research Experience for Teachersand Research Experience for Teachers

Developing interdisciplinary approaches Developing interdisciplinary approaches for nano undergraduate education, for nano undergraduate education, particularly in the first two collegiate yearsparticularly in the first two collegiate years

Center for Learning and Teaching in Center for Learning and Teaching in Nanoscale S&E Nanoscale S&E

Introducing nanoscience and Introducing nanoscience and nanoengineeringnanoengineering concepts into schools concepts into schools (grades 7(grades 7--12) and undergraduate classrooms 12) and undergraduate classrooms

Nanotechnology Informal Science Nanotechnology Informal Science and Education Networkand Education Network

Establishing a network that links science museums and other Establishing a network that links science museums and other informal science education organizations with nanoscale informal science education organizations with nanoscale science and engineering research organizationsscience and engineering research organizations


NanomedicineNanomedicine Development CentersDevelopment Centers

All supported by the NIH


Goal 4: Support responsible development Goal 4: Support responsible development of nanotechnologyof nanotechnology

Providing funding and coordination for research on environmental, health, and safety implications of nanotechnologyWork to create business, regulatory, and social environment for broad acceptance of nanotechnology-based products in marketplace – addressing EHS and ELSI issuesProviding funding and coordination for research on ethical, legal, and societal implications of nanotechnology

Convened workshop on mechanisms for public participation –report pendingConvened workshop on ethical aspects of nanotechnology –report pendingFormed Network for Nanotechnology in Society w/centers at ASU and UCSB


NNI Agencies’ Strategy For Nano-EHS Research

Support research to safely develop and apply nanotechnology for societal benefit and economic growth in parallel with research to better protect public health and the environment.

Integrate the results of both components

Aim to maximize benefits at the same time as developing an understanding of potential risks and means to manage such risks

EHS Research informed and influenced by the broader NNI research portfolio

EHS Research also informed by research and information needs of agencies with regulatory and oversight responsibilities

Collaborate with international colleagues in ISO and OECD; share data, agree on terminology, testing protocols, …

Released Feb. 14, 2008


NNI EHS Research Funding InformationNNI EHS Research Funding Information

Year

0102030405060708090

2006 2007 2008 2009

Year

$ m

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* All numbers shown above are for EHS research strictly defined: for which the “primary purpose” of the work is EHS research

NNI funding requests for environmental, health, and NNI funding requests for environmental, health, and safety (EHS) R&D have grown to $76.4 million in 2009:safety (EHS) R&D have grown to $76.4 million in 2009:


Two Major Paths for CommercializationTwo Major Paths for Commercialization

Knowledge & Expertise Industry

Application to commercial products

Application to commercial products

DiscoveryResearcher or Institution


Advanced Nanometer Coatings for Low to Zero Advanced Nanometer Coatings for Low to Zero Maintenance Naval ApplicationsMaintenance Naval Applications

With thermal spray

coatings and nanomaterial processing/ development

research investment results as a foundation

20001999199719961995 1998 20031994 2001 2002

Develop fundamental understanding of material processes to produce uniform coatings over complex curved surfaces

New coatings with unprecedented fracture &

wear resistance and hardness

University-Industry partnerships established for manufacturing development

University-Industry-Navy Shipyard partnerships established for evaluations of

new coatings in the marine environment

First nanostructured coating qualified for fleet use -Large ship A/C unit reduction gear bearing surfaces

Parts qualification

continues

>$100M/yr Maintenance Cost

Avoidance


Optimized Nanostructured Al2O3-13TiO2 Coatings

Very high bond strength

At least twice that of conventional (Metco 130)

Very high wear resistance

About 4 times Metco 130 (except for very aggressive abrasion)

Wear rate does not correlate with hardness

Superior “Grindability”

Important to cost of fabrication

Remarkable strain tolerance (toughness)

Qualified Under MIL STD 1687A, “Thermal Spray Coatings For Shipboard Machinery”

Courtesy of M. Gell, U. of Connecticut; R.Rigney, A&A Co.; L. Kabacoff, NRL

Conventional Nano

Cup Test

Application to Ball Screw Drives

Application to Gears


First nanostructured coating qualified for Navy fleet use in 2000 -Reduction gear bearing surfaces on

large ship A/C units

>$100M/yr Maintenance

Cost Avoidance


Encouraging nanotechnology commercialization: Encouraging nanotechnology commercialization: government as early adopter/customergovernment as early adopter/customer

SCORING IN STERN TUBE & STRUT BEARINGS – REPAIR METHODS

*Old Method: $280,000 OEM Weld Repair

*New Method: $80,000 Coating Repair

PROJECTED ROI

COST AVOIDANCE =

$34,000,000

ECTeague NNCO/ NSET/ NSTC TAPPI International Conference on Nanotechnology for Forest Products * St. Louis * June 25, 2008Reactive NanotechnologiesReactive Nanotechnologies


Example of Technology Transfer Example of Technology Transfer -- PushPush

Reactive NanotechnologiesReactive NanotechnologiesUse heat of exothermic reaction in many nanometer Use heat of exothermic reaction in many nanometer thick films to achieve controllable transformation to thick films to achieve controllable transformation to alloy as local, highalloy as local, high--T, low heat sourceT, low heat sourceTimothy Timothy WeihsWeihs started R&D on films at LLNL started R&D on films at LLNL PostdocPostdoc in in 19921992--1995 w/ Troy Barbee1995 w/ Troy BarbeeFiled first patent in 1994Filed first patent in 1994--9595Dr. Dr. WeihsWeihs takes position at Johns Hopkins Univ. in 1995 takes position at Johns Hopkins Univ. in 1995 and continues research to refine techniques and ideas until and continues research to refine techniques and ideas until about 1999, working in conjunction with Professor Omar about 1999, working in conjunction with Professor Omar KnioKnio and funded by NSF, ARL, and 3Mand funded by NSF, ARL, and 3MFiles further patents at JHU in 2000Files further patents at JHU in 2000Forms company in 2000Forms company in 2000Obtains license for technologies from LLNL & JHU in Obtains license for technologies from LLNL & JHU in 20012001After talks and other efforts attracts $2M from VC investors After talks and other efforts attracts $2M from VC investors in 2002. in 2002. Applies for and obtains phase I & II Applies for and obtains phase I & II SBIRsSBIRs (2 Phase (2 Phase II'sII's with with NSF, 1 with Army)NSF, 1 with Army)Wins NIST Advanced Technology Program awardWins NIST Advanced Technology Program award2006 2006 -- obtained $8.25M in funding from other VCsobtained $8.25M in funding from other VCs

Reactive Nanotechnologies

~ 5,000, 10 –20 nm alternating layers of Ni - Al

Highly localized, low-energy, high-T, heat source


Example of Industry-Pull Nanotechnology Commercialization

Semiconductor Research Corporation –Nanoelectronics Research InitiativePublic-private partnership that aims to maintain US leadership in next-generation electronics by developing devices that leverage nanometer-scale materials propertiesPartnership of semiconductor industry companies, states (NY, TX, CA), NIST, and NSF to fund, primarily, university researchOver 30 universities engaged and being fundedSix major companies supporting this effort - Advanced Micro Devices, Freescale Semiconductor, IBM, Intel, Micron Technology, and Texas Instruments


Commendations on FPI Roadmap!Commendations on FPI Roadmap!

Identify industry needs

Transforming into research needs




Partnership RolesPartnership Roles

X X X


ITRS Driven by Choosing and Narrowing ITRS Driven by Choosing and Narrowing Technology OptionsTechnology Options

Narrow options

(Half-pitch)


Summary: What has the NNI done for you lately?

Cumulative NNI funding for nanoscale science and engineering research since 2001: $9.8 billion

Over $290 million in nanotechnology-related SBIR/STTR projects between 2004 and 2007

U.S. Government beginning to play role of early adopter customer, e.g., DOD applications now fielded, others nearing readiness

Over 60 NNI research centers, networks and user facilities funded

Over $250 million in “primary purpose” EHS R&D, 2005-2009 combined; much more including instrumentation, metrology, standards work, infrastructure investments related to EHS, and fundamental research on properties of nanomaterials

Favorable reviews of NNI completed by President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology; published March 2008; National Academies (EHS) underway

New NNI Strategy for EHS Research; published February 2008

New NNI Strategic Plan; published December 2007


…… if you want to know more about the NNI if you want to know more about the NNI

www.nano.gov

www.nano.gov