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NANOPARTICULAS
MATÁLICAS
QF-435-AULA-8
Prof. Nelson Durán-IQ-UNICAMP
Chem. Eur. J. 2004, 10, 5570 – 5579
Drechsler, Erdogan, and Rotello
Elechiguerra et al. J. Nanobiotechnol. 396) 2005
METALLIC NANOPARTICLESMETALLIC NANOPARTICLES
AS CARRIERSAS CARRIERS
Gimenez et al. J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 1, 1-7 (2005)
Lewin et al. Nat. Biotechnol. 18, 410 (2000)
HAuCl4 + NaHB4
Ho et al. Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 7162-7168. Li et al. nnotechnology 2005, 16, 1912-1917
METALLIC NANOPARTICLES AS CARRIERS
Alves et al. Patente Braz. PIBr 0502657-1 (2005).
Lewin et al. Nat Biotechnol. 18, 410 (2000)
http://www.massmedic.com/docs/rotello.pdf
http://www.massmedic.com/docs/rotello.pdf
Mixed Monolayer Protected Gold Clusters (MMPCs)
http://www.massmedic.com/docs/rotello.pdf
Exemplo: Np's de Au funcionalizadas com anti-câncer para
Leucemia.• Preparação:
– Redução de Ácido tetracloroáurico(III) com Borohidreto de Sódio.
– Funcionalização após 30s da adição do agente redutor
Podsiadlo et al. Langmuir. 24, 568, 2008
6-mercaptopurine
PRATA EM PRODUTOS
Pasta de Dente
Que fazem as nanopartículas? Escova de dentes
Refrigerador
Purificador de Ar
Que fazem as nanopartículas? Sem comentários
MATERIAS PARA FERIMENTOS
Área superficial grande de partículas de prata tamanho nano melhora a
efetividade antibacteriana
-melhora os tempos de recuperação-mata bactéria mais rápido com nanoparticulas que outras formas de prata
Como preparar as nanopartícula? Nanopartículas de prata
Sal do metal + agente redutor
E.C. Constable, Depart. Chemistry, University of Basel, Switzerland
Como preparar as nanopartícula? Nanopartículas de Au e Pd
Arredondadas, lisas de 18 nm departículas de Au por reduçãode citrato
Hexagonal de 30 nm de partículasde Pd preparada por redução deuma sal de Pd com baixa concentração de ácido ascórbico
E.C. Constable, Depart. Chemistry, University of Basel, Switzerland
Como preparar as nanopartícula? Nanopartículas de metais
E.C. Constable, Depart. Chemistry, University of Basel, Switzerland
Conhecidas da antiguidade
Ouro coloidal usada para vidros tingido com vermelho e púrpura dos tempos medievais até agora
Sintese de nanoparticulas metalicas
85oCFeCl3 + 6H2O + FeCl2 . 4H2O + NH4OH --------------
HAuCl4 + NaBH4 ---------------
[Ag(NH3)2]+ Ac. ascorbico/1 h r.t. --------------
PREPARATIONChemical Synthesis of silver nanoparticles
Como preparar nanopartículas? Nanocubos de prata
E.C. Constable, Depart. Chemistry, University of Basel, Switzerland
Como preparar as nanopartícula? Nanopartículas de óxidos metálicos
E.C. Constable, Depart. Chemistry, University of Basel, Switzerland
Caracterização de nanopartículas de TiO2 por TEM
E.C. Constable, Depart. Chemistry, University of Basel, Switzerland
Como caracterizar as nanopartículas?
BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES BY
FUNGI
Fusarium oxysporumAhmad et al. Colloids Surf. B. Biointerfaces 2003, 28,313-318. Mukherjee et al.ChemBioChem. 2002, 3,461-463.Pune-India
Aspergillus fumigatusBhaisa and D´Souza,Colloids Surf. B. Bio-interfaces 2006, 47,166-164Munbai-India
BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES BY FUNGI
BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES BY FUNGI
Phanerochaete chrysoporium Vigneshwaran et al. Colloids Surf. B. Biointerfaces, 2006, 53, 55-59Munbai-IndiaAspergillus flavus Vigneshwaran et al.Mat. Lett. 2007, 61, 1413-1418Munbai-IndiaPleurotus sajor-cajuVigneshwaran et al.Indian Pat. Appl. 2007:709864
Phoma spChen et al. Lett. Appl. Microbiol.2003, 37, 105-108Beijing, China
Fusarium oxysporumDurán et al. J. Nanobiotechnol.2005. 3:8, 1-7.Campinas-SP-Brazil
Durán et al. J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 2007, 3, 203-208.Campinas, SP-Brazil
BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES BY FUNGI
BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLESNANOPARTICLES
BYBY
BACTERIA AND YEASTBACTERIA AND YEAST
Enterobacter clocaeShahverdi et al. ProcessBiochem. 2007, 42, 919-923Teheran-Iran
Aeromonas sp.Fu et al. Chin.J. Chem. Eng. 2006,14, 114-116.Xiamen, China
Yeast strainKowshik et al.Nanotechnology 2003,14, 95-100. Berlin, Germany
BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES BY BACTERIA AND YEAST
Bacterial Biosynthesis of Cadmium Sulfide Nanocrystals
Sweeney et al. Chem. Biol. 11, 1553 ()2004)
S C
N P Fe
Cd
O
Sulfeto de Cadmio assistido por Lactobacillus sp.
Jha et al. NANO: Brief Reports and ReviewsVol. 2, No. 4 (2007) 239–242
Biogenic formation of photoactive arsenic-sulfidenanotubes by Shewanella sp. strain HN-41.Lee et al., PNAS, 104, 20410–20415 (2007)
BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLESNANOPARTICLES
BY PLANT EXTRACTSBY PLANT EXTRACTS
Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens)Shankar et al. Biotechnol Prog.2003, 19, 1627-1631Pune, India
Neem leaf brothShankar et al.J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 2004, 275,496-502. Pune,India
BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES BY PLANT EXTRACTS
Cinnamomum camphora leafHuang et al. Nanotechnology, 2007, 18, 1-11Xiamen, China
Alfalfa grassGardea-Torresdey, Langmuir 2003, 19, 1357-1361Texas, USA/Mexico, Mexico
Aloe vera plant extract Chandran et al., Biotechnol Prog. 2006, 22, 577-583.Pune, IndiaEmblica Officinalis Ankamwar et al., J. Nanosc. Nanotechnol. 5, 1665-1671. Pune, India
BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES BY PLANT EXTRACTS
MECHANSTIC ASPECTS OF MECHANSTIC ASPECTS OF BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER
NANOPARTICLESNANOPARTICLES
The silver-binding peptides from Pseudomonas stutzeriAG259 cells were obtained by using a combinatorial approach to identify these peptides from a phage display library of random peptides. The interaction of peptide with the metal clusters provides a chemically reducing environment around the cluster, thereby allowing further accelerated reduction of silver ions at the interface between peptide and metal.
Naik et al. Nature Mater. 2002, 1, 169-172. Ohio, USA
MECHANSTIC ASPECTS OF BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLESMECHANSTIC ASPECTS OF BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES
Si and Mandal, Chem Eur. J. 2007, 13, 3160-3168. Kolkata, IndiaSimilar results with tryptophan and goldSelvakannan et al. J. Colloids Interf. Sci. 2004, 269, 97-102Bhattacharjee et al. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 2005, 5, 1141-1147.
MECHANSTIC ASPECTS OF BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLESMECHANSTIC ASPECTS OF BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES
MECHANSTIC ASPECTS OF BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLESMECHANSTIC ASPECTS OF BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES
Selvakannan et al. Langmuir, 2004, 20, 7825-7836.Pune, India
Specific for AuStacik et al. J. Mater Chem. 2005, 15, 749-753
Fusarium oxysporumDurán et al. J. Nanobiotechnol. 2005. 3:8, 1-7.Campinas-SP-Brazil
Durán et al. J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 2007, 3, 203-208.Campinas, SP-Brazil
Fusarium moniliforme was negative in quinone production
MECHANSTIC ASPECTS OF BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLESMECHANSTIC ASPECTS OF BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AGAINST PATHOGENS
Without any antibiotics5 ug/mL of silver nanoparticles
150 ug/mL of amoxicillin
150 ug/mL of amoxicillin + 5 ug/mL of silver nanoparticles
P. Li, J. Li, C. Wu, Q. Wu,J. Li. Synergistic antibacterial effects of β-lactam antibiotic combined with silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 16, 1912–1917 (2005)
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AS ANTIBIOTIC CARRIERS
E. coli 5 x 106 cfu bac., a) 5 ug mL-1 silver nanoparticles b) 0.150 ug mL-1 antibiotic,c) 0.150 ug mL-1 antibiotic + a), d) b) + 10 ug mL-1 silver nanoparticles
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AS ANTIBIOTIC CARRIERS
AMOXICILLIN MECHANISM
Li et al., Nanotechnology 16, 1912 (2005)
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AS ANTIBIOTIC CARRIERS
CLINDAMYCIN
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AS ANTIBIOTIC CARRIERS
CLIN
CLIN
CLIN
CLINCLIN
CLIN
CLIN
CLINChemical and fungal synthesis
Brocchi et al. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., submitted (2008)
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AS ANTIBIOTIC CARRIERS
MINIMUM INHIBITION CONCENTRATION (MIC)
Durán et al., Crit. Rev. Microbiol. Submitted (2008)
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AS ANTIBIOTIC CARRIERS
VANCOMICINA EM NANOPARTICULAS PARA AUMENTARSUA ATIVIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA
Gu et al. Nano Lett. 3, 1261-1263 (2003)
SINTESE DE NANOPARTICULAS DE OURO COMVANCOMICINA
SILVER NANOPARTICLESSILVER NANOPARTICLES
AND NEGLECTED DISEASESAND NEGLECTED DISEASES
Goal
Cutaneous leishmaniasis
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND NEGLECTED DISEASES
CLIN
CLIN
CLIN
CLINCLIN
CLIN
CLIN
CLIN
Clindamycin associated to silver nanoparticles could be effective in these neglected diseases
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND NEGLECTED DISEASES
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND ITS TOXICITY
Mitochondrial function through MTS
Membrane leakage though lactate dihydrogenase ( LDH)
Ag nanoparticles 15 nm
Silver nanoparticles (15 nm) reduced mitochondrial function drastically and increased membrane leakage. Our data show that the C18-4 cells are more sensitive than the BRL 3A cells in that respect (Braydich-Stolle et al. ToxSci Advance Access published July 13, 2005).
C18-4 spermatogonial stem cells
Pal et al., 73, 712 (2007)
Pal et al., 73, 712 (2007)
SKIN PERMEATION IN VITRO
Human abdominal skin
The nanoparticles did not reach the receptor compartment
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND NEGLECTED DISEASES
20-50 nm
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES
Silver nanoparticles from Aspergillus nigerGade et al., Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., submitted (2008) (Amravati-India/Campinas SP-Brazil)
SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND NEGLECTED DISEASES
PREPARATION
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles
Fusarium oxysporum was grown by 7 days
Absorptions were measured in UV-Vis
The biomass was filtrated and AgNO3 (10 mM) was added in the fungal liquid
The biomass was filtrated and resuspended in sterile water
Durán et al. 2005,2007,2008
Coleção de 20 linhagens de Fusarium
Culturas de Fusarium spp
Cultura em meio
líquido (YM)0,017/10-3 M de AgNO3
Caldo fungalBiomassa em
água destl.
12 Horas 72 Horas
Espectro UV-vis
MEV - nanopartículas
MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS
Solução coloidal de reação
Durán et al. J. Nanobiotechnol. 3, 1-7 (2005).
Para seleção da linhagem com melhor eficiência, levamos em consideração os dois métodos de biossíntese, tanto usando a biomassa quanto usando o líquido fungal
A B
No caldo, foram introduzindo,017/10-3
M de AgNO3
Após ser separada a biomassa da água destilada. Este peso úmido foi adicionada em uma solução de 0,017/10-3
M de AgNO3 .Nanopartículas de prata.
Métodos
Souza et al. 58º SBPC, Florianopolis (2006)
Staphylococcus aureus Klebisiela pneumoniae
Algodão 100% Poliéster
Nanopartículas
Impregnação em
tecido têxtil para
atividade biocida
Teste oligodinâmica
Utilizando as nanopartículas
da melhor linhagem
Durán et al. Patente Braz. PIBr 0605681-4 (2006)
PRÉ-ENSAIO E RECUPERAÇÃO DAS NANOPARTÍCULAS EM EFLUENTES
A água de lavagem do tecido têxtil impregnado com nanopartículas de prata, foi submetida ao tratamento C. violaceum.
100mL/100mL 100mL/60mL 100mL/20mL
48 Horas sob
agitação
Aeração (0,5 L/mim)
Ausência de ar
Análise espectro UV-vis
Durán et al. J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 3, 203-208 (2007).
RESULTADOS
•Espectro UV-vis de linhagens de Fusarium
produtoras de nanopartículas de prata.
Souza et al. 58º SBPC, Florianopolis, S.C. (2006)
Silver nanoparticlesSize: 1,6 nm (biosynthesis)
Durán et al. J. Nanobiotechnol. 2005
Silver nanoparticlesSize: 175 nm
(Chemical synthesis)
Espectro UV-VÍSMEV do extrato líquido
Impregnação das nanopartículas em a) algodão e b) polyester
a b
Amostras centrifugadas
1) Algodão 100% e 2) polyester 100% 3) Cultura de Staphylococus
aureus e 4) Teste com tecido algodão impregnado com
nanopartículas de prata frente à cultura bacteriana e 5) teste do
tecido polyester impregnado com nanopartículas de prata frente à
cultura bacteriana 1
3
4
25
ATIVIDADE BIOCIDA DO TECIDO IMPREGNADO (ALGODÃO) COM NANOPARTÍCULAS DE PRATA
frente a bactéria S. aureus
MICROSCOPIA ELETRÔNICA DE VARREDURA DO TRATAMENTO DE ALGODÃO COM NANOPARTICULAS DE PRATA
Durán et al. J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 3, 203-208 (2007).
Tecido Controle (sem nanopartículas de prata)
Tecido com nanopartículas de
prata
ATIVIDADE BIOCIDA DO TECIDO IMPREGNADO
(POLIÉSTER) COM NANOPARTÍCULAS DE PRATA frente a
bactéria S. aureus
M.O do Poliéster
impregnado com
nps.
M.O das amostras não impregnadas
•Os tecidos impregnados com nanopartículas, após sucessivas lavagens, perdem gradativamente sua atividade biocida, uma vez que as nanopartículas são liberadas durante este processo.
•Para evitar o descarte de nanopartículas no ambiente, foram realizados ensaios com diferentes concentrações de inóculo da bactéria, Chromobacterium violaceum.
POSSÍVEL RECUPERAÇÃO
Espectros A e B, correspondentes às amostras controle (A, sem diluição e B, diluição de 10 vezes). (C, D e E submetidas à aeração). (F, G e H submetidas à ausência de ar) todas tratadas com Chromobacterium violaceum.
EDS: Espectro de nanopartículas de prata em bactéria Chromobacterium violaceum.
CONCLUSÃO
•Todas as 20 linhagens de Fusarium utilizadas neste trabalho
apresentaram capacidade de produção de nanopartículas de prata,
entretanto, foram as três mais eficientes separadas (dados
apresentados no Relatório Parcial). Destas, foi selecionada a
linhagem 07SD.
•Avaliaram-se dois métodos de biossíntese: um empregando
diretamente a biomassa do fungo e outro apenas o líquido fungal.
Este último mostrou melhores resultados. Logo, deu-se
continuidade ao trabalho empregando este método.
•Os tecidos impregnados com as nanopartículas de prata
apresentaram atividade biocida frente a Staphylococcus aureus e
Klebsiella pneunomiae.
•A possibilidade de recuperação das nanopartículas de prata após
lavagens sucessivas dos tecidos utilizando Chromobacterium
violaceum foi comprovada, podendo ser empregada no
reaproveitamento contínuo dessas nanopartículas (ainda em teste)
Durán et al. J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 3, 203-208 (2007).
Jun Tian, Kenneth K. Y. Wong, Chi-Ming Ho, Chun-Nam Lok,Wing-Yiu Yu,] Chi-Ming Che, Jen-Fu Chiu, and Paul K. H. Tam. Topical delivery of silver nanoparticles promotes wound healing.ChemMedChem.(2007)2,129-136.
• Preparation of the dressings:• Nanosilver-coated dressing: Initial experiments were carried
out by using silver nanoparticle grafted dressing (silver content: 2.75 mgg1, Anson Nanotechnology Group Co., Ltd. Hong Kong). A piece of silver nanoparticle-coated dressing (4H3 cm2) weighed 0.1737 g. This corresponds to 0.4777 mg of silver nanoparticles on each piece. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that silver nanoparticles were spherical, with diameters of 149.8 nm based on 750 particle measurements on five sites of interest. Subsequently experiments were performed with silver nanoparticles (1 mm) synthesized by borohydride reduction of AgNO3 in the presence of citrate as a stabilizing agent, as previously described.[45] Similar efficacy with silver nanoparticle dressing was confirmed (data not shown).
SSDNTND
Silver Nano Silver sulfadiazine
E:epidermidHF: hair follicles
CULTURA DE MICRORGANISMOS NO PANO DA FERIDA NOS DIAS 1, 3, 5, 7 E 10 NOS ANIMAIS TRATADOS COM ND (GRIS), SSD (BRANCO E NÃO TRATADO (GRIS ESCURO)
silver nanoparticles can modulate local and systemic inflammatory response following burn injury by cytokine modulation.
ND▄ No treatment▲ SSD
IL-6 TGF-beta IL-10
VGEF IFN-gama
IL-6 aumenta inflamaçãoTGF-beta auenta inflamaçãoIl-10regula citokinasVGEF (vascular endotelial growth factor) promove cicatrizaçãoIFN-gama aumenta colageno
PATENTES EM COSMÉTICOS • Facial mask comprising a nanometer metal coating. Ko, Chuan Tao. (Taiwan). U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ.
(2007), 5pp. CODEN: USXXCO US 2007125383 • Silver-containing an antimicrobial body care product. Hanke, Bernhard. (Procter and Gamble Company,
USA). PCT Int. Appl. (2000), 22 pp. CODEN: PIXXD2 WO 2000078281 • Antimicrobial gel formulation containing silver nanoparticles for treating female genital infections, its
preparation method and uses. Chen, Hu. (Shenzhen Agt Pharm. Co., Ltd., Peop. Rep. China). Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2005), 16pp. CODEN: CNXXEV CN 1672689 A
• Manufacture of cosmetics containing silver nanoparticles and Carbopol. Liu, Baning; Ma, Xiaoling; Liu, Xi. (Peop. Rep. China). Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2004), No pp. given. CODEN: CNXXEV CN 1539403 A
• Formulation of UV absorbers by incorporation in solid lipid nanoparticles. Herzog, Bernd. (Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation, USA). U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. (2003), 16 pp. CODEN: USXXCO US 2003235540 A1
• Pharmaceutical compositions for treating allergic dermatitis comprising nano-gold solution. Han, Sang Pil; Yoo, Eui Jae; Choi, Paeck Hi; Choi, Young Deuk. (Hanssem Health Co., Ltd., S. Korea). Repub. Korean Kongkae Taeho Kongbo (2006), No pp. given. CODEN: KRXXA7 KR 2006134261
• Hair preparations containing silver nanoparticle colloids for the treatment of bacteria-caused hair depilation. Han, Sang Pil; Yoo, Eui Jae; Choi, Paeck Hi; Choi, Young Deuk. (Hanssem Health Co., Ltd., S. Korea). Repub. Korean Kongkae Taeho Kongbo (2006), No pp. given. CODEN: KRXXA7 KR 2006110600
• Vaginal adhesive preparation containing silver nanoparticles and its preparation method. Gu, Maojian; Ren, Fuzheng; Liang, Wei; Jiang, Zongrun. (Shanghai Jnj Modern Pharmaceutical Technologies Inc., Peop. Rep. China). Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2006), 14pp. CODEN: CNXXEV CN 1857310
• Anti-microbial condom containing silver nanoparticles, capable of preventing various adult diseases and pregnancy. Yang, Won Dong. (S. Korea). Repub. Korean Kongkae Taeho Kongbo (2005), No pp. given. CODEN: KRXXA7 KR 2005114182
• Antiaging cosmetics containing gold nanoparticles and silk fibroin for maintaining antioxidant activity. Hur, Won; Lim, Kun Bin; Ahn, Hyo Soon; Shin, Hwa Sook. (Fineco. Ltd., S. Korea). Repub. Korean Kongkae Taeho Kongbo (2006), No pp. given. CODEN: KRXXA7 KR 2006108789
SINTESE DE NANOPARTICULASDE OURO ASSOCIADA A IgG
IgG de soro humano
HAuCl4 + NaBH4
BACTERIA
BACTERIA
Imã
SEPARAÇÃO
ANALISE
MLDI Analysis: (H. Steen and M. Mann. “The abc’s (and xyz’s) of peptide sequencing”. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 5, 699-711 (2003)).
Staphylococcus saprophyticus were collected from patients at the Hospital, Streptococcus pyogenes JRS 75 and JRS 4 were from collections S. pyogenes JRS 75 was obtained by mutating M protein from the strain of S. pyogenes JRS 4.29The lowest cell concentration that was detected for both Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Staphylococcus aureus in aqueous sample solutions (0.5 mL) was 3 x 10(5) cfu/mL, while the detectable cell concentration for S. saprophyticus in a urine sample was 3 x 10(7) cfu/mL
Absorption and desorption of chemotherapeutic drugsfrom a magnectically targeted carrier (MTC). Rudger et al. J. Control. Releae 74, 335-340 (2001).
Doxorubicin follows the Langmuir theory formilling, particles are resuspended and dispersed, adsorption to MTCs. The Langmuir theoryholds that the solute adsorbs to sites on the carbonsurface in a discrete one to one correspondence.
ACTIVATED CARBON
MAGNETICALLY TARGETED CARRIER (MTC)
Rudger et al. J. Control. Releae 74, 335-340 (2001)
ALVOS NAO ESPECIFICOS------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Treatment of a hepatocellular carcinoma byMTCs in clinical human trials
As shown in the left panel following the treatment of a HCC tumor with MCT-DOX the hepatic arteriesRemain patent, demonstrating particles toletaribility as evidenced by the lack of trombosis and/orembolization of the arteries. Localization and retention of the particles in the target tumor are showed in the the righ papel by magnetic resonant imagins (MIR) (the particles were in the local after 28 days)
PATENTES EM COSMÉTICOS • Facial mask comprising a nanometer metal coating. Ko, Chuan Tao. (Taiwan). U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ.
(2007), 5pp. CODEN: USXXCO US 2007125383 • Silver-containing an antimicrobial body care product. Hanke, Bernhard. (Procter and Gamble Company,
USA). PCT Int. Appl. (2000), 22 pp. CODEN: PIXXD2 WO 2000078281 • Antimicrobial gel formulation containing silver nanoparticles for treating female genital infections, its
preparation method and uses. Chen, Hu. (Shenzhen Agt Pharm. Co., Ltd., Peop. Rep. China). Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2005), 16pp. CODEN: CNXXEV CN 1672689 A
• Manufacture of cosmetics containing silver nanoparticles and Carbopol. Liu, Baning; Ma, Xiaoling; Liu, Xi. (Peop. Rep. China). Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2004), No pp. given. CODEN: CNXXEV CN 1539403 A
• Formulation of UV absorbers by incorporation in solid lipid nanoparticles. Herzog, Bernd. (Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation, USA). U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. (2003), 16 pp. CODEN: USXXCO US 2003235540 A1
• Pharmaceutical compositions for treating allergic dermatitis comprising nano-gold solution. Han, Sang Pil; Yoo, Eui Jae; Choi, Paeck Hi; Choi, Young Deuk. (Hanssem Health Co., Ltd., S. Korea). Repub. Korean Kongkae Taeho Kongbo (2006), No pp. given. CODEN: KRXXA7 KR 2006134261
• Hair preparations containing silver nanoparticle colloids for the treatment of bacteria-caused hair depilation. Han, Sang Pil; Yoo, Eui Jae; Choi, Paeck Hi; Choi, Young Deuk. (Hanssem Health Co., Ltd., S. Korea). Repub. Korean Kongkae Taeho Kongbo (2006), No pp. given. CODEN: KRXXA7 KR 2006110600
• Vaginal adhesive preparation containing silver nanoparticles and its preparation method. Gu, Maojian; Ren, Fuzheng; Liang, Wei; Jiang, Zongrun. (Shanghai Jnj Modern Pharmaceutical Technologies Inc., Peop. Rep. China). Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2006), 14pp. CODEN: CNXXEV CN 1857310
• Anti-microbial condom containing silver nanoparticles, capable of preventing various adult diseases and pregnancy. Yang, Won Dong. (S. Korea). Repub. Korean Kongkae Taeho Kongbo (2005), No pp. given. CODEN: KRXXA7 KR 2005114182
• Antiaging cosmetics containing gold nanoparticles and silk fibroin for maintaining antioxidant activity. Hur, Won; Lim, Kun Bin; Ahn, Hyo Soon; Shin, Hwa Sook. (Fineco. Ltd., S. Korea). Repub. Korean Kongkae Taeho Kongbo (2006), No pp. given. CODEN: KRXXA7 KR 2006108789