MycoViro 2

8/18/2019 MycoViro 2

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C. Agents of Mycoses

3. Subcutaneous MycosesA. General Characteristics

•

Result from traumatic puncture ofthorns or vegetationcontaminated with fungi

B. ChromoblastomycosisC. Eumycotic MycetomasD. PhaeohyphomycosisE. Sporotrichosis


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3. Subcutaneous MycosesB. Chromoblastomycosis

• Verrucous ermatiti is andchromomycosis

• Caused by dematiaceous fungi

Species

PhialophoraverrucosaCladophialophoracarrionii Fonsecaea spp.

Hard, warty,tumor like

cutaneous lesion


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Species Microscopic MorphologyPhialoph

oraverrucos

a

• Flask-shaped phialides withcollarettes• Conidia occur in balls at tips ofphialides



Verrucous ermatiti is andchromomycosis


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Species Microscopic MorphologyCladophialop

hora carrionii

• rect codiophores withbranched chains ofblastoconidia





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Species Microscopic MorphologyF. pedrosoi

F.compactu

m

• !" #$" or %"& conidia is formed

sympo-dially on conidiophoretip or phialides'





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Species Microscopic MorphologyRhinocladi

ellaaquaspers

a

• Conidiophores bearing elliptical

conidia sympodially on itsupper portion





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3. Subcutaneous MycosesC. Mycetomas

• (ocal swelling of tissue w) abscesses,draining sinuses and granulomatous pus

SpeciesPseudoallescheriaboydii

Acremoniumfalciforme

Madurella spp.


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Species Microscopic Morphology

Pseudalleschria boydii

• *namorphic form of S.apiospernum• Cleistothecia containingascospores

.



• +ranulomatous infection of tissue

Cle istotheci


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Species Microscopic Morphology Acremoni

umfalciform

e

• lliptical conidia borne from

phialides of an unbranchedconidiophores





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Species Microscopic MorphologyMadurella

mycetomatis !"risea

• Conidia from the tips ofphialides, many remainsterile





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Exophiala jeanselmei

• Condiophores form cylindricalannelids

• Conidia gathers at tips ofannelids





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3. Subcutaneous MycosesD. Phaeohyphomycosis

nfections caused by dematiaceous fungi

Chromoblastomycosis

CladosporiumFonsecaea

Phialophora

ther Species Alternaria

#ipolarisCurvularia

umycoticMycetomasExophiala


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nfections caused by dematiaceousfungiSpecies Microscopic Morphology

Alternaria• Conidiophores that branch w)

chains of conidia #muriform ! tapered &


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nfections caused by dematiaceous fungi


#ipolaris • Conidiophores with multicelled,

oblong to cylindrical conidia


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nfections caused by dematiaceousfungiSpecies Microscopic Morphology

Curvularia• Conidiophore twisted at point of

attach - ment to curved,multicelled conidia


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3. Subcutaneous MycosesE. Sporotrichosis

.posure to rose thorns and sphagnummossSpecies Microscopic Morphology

porothrix

schenc$ii

• Small, cigar shaped yeast• Conidia in a /rosette0 or /sleeve0

pattern


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3. Subcutaneous MycosesE. Sporotrichosis

1imorphic fungus

Species Microscopic Morphologyporothrixschenc$ii

• ntracellular to 2M34s /*steroidbody0


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3. Subcutaneous Mycosesnvolve the deeper skin layers

ChromoblastomycosisFonsecaea compacta Fonsecaea pedrosoi

Phialophora verrucosa Cladophialophoracarrionii

Rhinocladiella aquaspersaEumycotic MycetomasPsedoallescheria

boydii Acremonium

falciforme

Madurella Madurella grisea


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C. Agents ofMycoses

3. Subcutaneous Mycosesnvolve the deeper skin layers

Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis Alternaria Bipolaris

Cladosporium CulvulariaExophiala Fonsecaea

Phialophora

Sporotrichosisporothrix schenc$ii


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". Systemic MycosesA. General Characteristics

• Dimorphic# moul $%%&3'(C) or yeast$3*&3+(C)

B. Ecology an DiseaseC. Blastomycosis

D. Cocci ioi omycosisE. ,istoplasmosis-. Paracocci ioi omycosis


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". Systemic MycosesB. Ecology an Disease

Species cology 1isease#.dermatitidi s

River valleysand basins,

soil

• +ilchrist• Chicago

%.capsulatum

5ird, batguano

alkaline soil

• Cave• Spelunker4s• 1arling


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". Systemic MycosesB. Ecology an Disease

Species cology 1isease ) Manifestations

C. immitis Soil• 1esert bumps• 6alley fever•

1esert rheumatismP.brasiliensis

Soil

• South *merican5lastomycosis

• (ut7-Splendore-*lmeida

1se'


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". Systemic MycosesC. Blastomycosis

eleomorph# Ajellomyces dermatitidis

Species $$8C #Mold& %98C #:east&#lastomy cesdermatiti dis

void conidia

borne on shortconiophores

(arge yeast

5road-basedbud


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". Systemic MycosesD. Cocci ioi omycosis

/ther species# Coccidioides posadasii Species $$8C #Mold& %98C #:east&

Coccidioid

es immitis

5arrel-shaped

arthroconidia

Spherulescontaining

endospores


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". Systemic MycosesE. ,istoplasmosis

eleomorph# Ajellomyces capsulatus

Species $$8C #Mold& %98C#:east&

%istoplasma

capsulat um

Round, large,echinulate )tuberculatemacroconidia

Small, ovalyeast


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". Systemic Mycoses-. Paracocci ioi omycosis

Species $$8C #Mold& %98C #:east&

Paracoccidi oides

brasiliensis

Sterilehyphae

Chlamydoconidia

/Mariner4swheel0 /Mickey

Mouse cap0


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*. /pportunistic MycosesA. General Characteristics

Saprophytes and pportunistic

*septate;ygomycetes

AbsidiaMucor

Rhi&opus

Septate Hyaline

Asper"illus

Septate1ematicaeous AlternariaCladosporiu

mCurvularia


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*. /pportunistic MycosesB. 0ygomycetes

Species 1escription

Absidia• Sporangiophores, smooth and

ovoid• nternodal Rhi7oids


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Species 1escription

Mucor • Sporangia remain intact

• Rhi7oids are absent


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Species 1escription

Rhi&opus

• Sporangiophores clusters in astolon

• Rhi7oids is at the base of

sporangiophores


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*. /pportunistic MycosesB. Septate an ,yaline

Species 1escription

Asper"il lus

• Conidiophore that e.pands to avesicle

• 6esicle is covered w) phialides


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*septate;ygomycetes

Absidia

Mucor Rhi&opus

Cunnin"hamella

yncephastrum

SeptateHyaline

Asper"illus

Penicillium#eauveria

Chrysosporium

Fusarium'eotrichum

Paecilomyces

copulariopsi

Septate1ematicaeous Alternaria

CladosporiumCurvularia

Aureobasidium

ChaetomiumPhoma

Pithomyces

)locladium


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C. Agents of Mycoses1. Super2cial Mycoses%. Cutaneous Mycoses3. Subcutaneous Mycoses". Systemic Mycoses*. /pportunistic Mycosis

. 4east ! 4eastli5e -ungi


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. 4east ! 4eastli5e -ungiA. General CharacteristicsB. Ecology an DiseaseC. Can i iasisD. CryptococcosisE. Geotrichosis


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. 4east ! 4eastli5e -ungiA. General Characteristics

6nicellular7 bu ing ! roun to o8al

organismsSpecies

Candida albicansCryptococcusneoformans'eotrichum

candidum


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Species cology nfection'eotrichumcandidum

• Soil• 1ecaying foods

• ral, lung,skin,wound

Species cology nfection

Candidaalbicans

• + tract• Mucus membranes

•


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Species :east #Cornmeal&Cryptococcus

neoformans

Round to oval yeast w)capsule = narrow-base

budding


. 4east ! 4eastli5e -ungiC. Cryptococcosis $ rue 4east)

9n ia9n5


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Species Colony #3iger Seed *gar&Cryptococcus

neoforman

s

2henol o.idase #>&,5rown-black colonies


. 4east ! 4eastli5e -ungiC. Cryptococcosis $ rue 4east)

9n ia9n5


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. 4east ! 4eastli5e -ungiC. Can i iasis $4east&li5e)

Species 1irect .aminationCandidaalbicans

5lastoconidia#budding yeast )

pseudohyphae&


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Species Cornmeal #R


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. 4east ! 4eastli5e -ungiC. Can i iasis $4east&li5e)

Species Serum #%A-%9"C, !-% hrs&Candidaalbicans

Germ ubesHyphalike e.tension of yeast

cell


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. 4east ! 4eastli5e -ungiE. Geotrichosis $4east&li5e)

Species Cornmeal 1irect'eotrich

umcandidu

m

Fragmented hyphaeRectangular

arthrospores w)rounded ends

Rectangularyeast cell

#inpairs ) chains&


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'eotrichum

candidum

Rectangular arthroconidiaw) rounded ends

Species Serum #%A-%9"C, !-% hrs&Candidaalbicans

+erm


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. 4east ! 4eastli5e -ungi• /ther Characteristics

Species Capsules+erm

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