My Life among Wild Chimpanzees by Jane Goodall; Miss Goodall and the Wild Chimpanzeesby Jane van Lawick GoodallReview by: David Agee HorrAmerican Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 75, No. 6 (Dec., 1973), pp. 2013-2014Published by: Wiley on behalf of the American Anthropological AssociationStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/673781 .

Accessed: 21/06/2014 10:11

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.

.

Wiley and American Anthropological Association are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve andextend access to American Anthropologist.

http://www.jstor.org

This content downloaded from 195.78.108.174 on Sat, 21 Jun 2014 10:11:06 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

AUDIOVISUALS REVIEWS 2013

early films, does manage to exude some atmosphere and to convey some of the excitement of watching monkeys in the wild. However, this probably reflects more upon the beauty of the moving shadows and deep colors of the Central American rain forest than it does upon the efforts of the filmmakers to produce a different kind of film. Once again we hear the narrator list various aspects of social organization and the screen flashes a few seconds of this behavior and a few seconds of that one. There is one lovely sequence that shows a howler group moving in single file through the trees. At one point, when there is a break in the canopy too large for an immature monkey to navigate, the adult male stretches his body across the gap and forms a living bridge for the younger animals. In contrast to rhesus monkeys, whom nearly everyone has seen at the zoo and who are, after all, rather ordinary looking monkeys, the howlers are truly beautiful creatures that many people will never have a chance to see. For this reason alone the film is worth viewing.

Reference Cited

Carpenter, C. R. 1965 The Howlers of Barro Colorado

Island. In Primate Behavior. Irven DeVore, Ed. New York: Holt, Rine- hart and Winston.

Monkeys of the Amazon. WALT DISNEY. 1959, Super-8mm film loop, color, silent, 3 minutes 30 seconds. Purchase only, $21.00.

Marmosets and Tamarins. WALT DISNEY. 1959, Super-8mm film loop, color, silent, 1 minute 25 seconds. Purchase only, $18.95.

Spider Monkeys. WALT DISNEY. 1959, Super-8mm film loop, color, silent, 1 minute 20 seconds. Purchase only, $18.95.

From the Walt Disney Nature Library, edited by Communication Films. All of the above available from Doubleday Multimedia, 1371 Reynolds Avenue, Santa Ana, CA 92706.

Reviewed by DAVID AGEE HORR Brandeis University

These three brief "filmlets" are similar to the two baboon film loops reviewed above in the sense that they are short, unnarrated, and otherwise unexplained. Monkeys of the Amazon and Marmosets and Tamarins are disjointed assemblages of different species doing assorted things. Narrations might help, but it would be difficult to say much during the 1 minute 25 seconds of the marmoset film. Spider, Monkeys, however, is an elegant, though brief, essay on locomotion and prehensile tails, including some slow- motion sequences. This film would have some limited utility in courses on primate behavior or locomotion.

In view of the paucity of films of South American species, these are interesting, al- though the first two are little more than brief, animated slide shows exhibiting some of the species. They could perhaps be integrated into a lecture on taxonomy.

The photography is excellent in the sense that all shots are at close range and show much detail; however, the print quality I viewed was poor due to fuzziness. However as far as scientific merit is concerned, this is perhaps exemplified by the fact that Marmosets and Tamarins was not shipped in the original order because the distributor had understood that this review section was to cover only films on primates.

APES

My Life Among Wild Chimpanzees. A film by JANE GOODALL photographed by Baron HUGO VAN LAWICK. 1967, 16mm, color, optical sound, 29 minutes. Price available on request. Available from National Geographic Society, Film Dis- tribution Department, Washington, DC.

Miss Goodall and the Wild Chimpanzees. A film by JANE VAN LAWICK GOOD- ALL photographed by Baron HUGO VAN LAWICK. 1968, 16mm, color, optical sound, 28 minutes. #31269; rental $10.60 from Audio-Visual Services, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.

Reviewed by DAVID AGEE HORR Brandeis University

This content downloaded from 195.78.108.174 on Sat, 21 Jun 2014 10:11:06 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

2014 AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST [ 75,1973 ]

My Life Among Wild Chimpanzees is a National Geographic Society cutting of some of the footage from the massive archive of chimpanzee film created by Jane Goodall and her husband, Baron Hugo Van Lawick. This film shows a broad spectrum of chimpanzee behaviors interspersed with some human behaviors as exhibited by the observer.

There are several long sections on mother- infant behavior which show the way in which intensive study of the Goodall chimp group can lead to important insights about the nature of "kin" relationships in non- human primates. The feasibility and impor- tance of recognition of individuals is clearly demonstrated.

The nature of hunting in chimps is shown in one section of the film which hints at cooperative behavior in "cornering" prey. This most important phenomenon has been studied in detail both by Dr. Goodall and by Geza Telecki who has shown that chim- panzee hunting also involved sharing of the kill (Scientific American, November, 1972).

Film on infant development and behavior includes some footage on interspecific inter- actions between young chimpanzees and young baboons which are sympatric in the Gombe Stream Reserve.

Dominance and male-female interaction is demonstrated in a long section depicting the approach of a group of several adult males to the female-offspring unit. This sequence involves a lot of male display behavior, and some footage in fighting and submissive gestures. This section also give some ex- cellent glimpses of facial expression and visual signalling in chimpanzees.

The footage on chimpanzees is inter- spersed with shots of Dr. Goodall following or observing her subjects. In some instances, such as a scene where she jumps a small brook followed by a long sequence of the chimpanzees jumping the same brook, there apparently is a "subliminal" intent of paralleling chimpanzee with human be- havior. The film closes with chimps building nests, and Dr. Goodall building a "ground nest" as the sun sets.

Despite some problems of narration and editing which relate to the general-audience focus of the film, this is a useful document of chimpanzee behavior. As always, Baron Van Lawick's photography is superb, and

this contributes greatly to the effectiveness of the film. Viewers are well advised to consult Dr. Goodall's publications in con- junction with the films, notably her article in Animal Behavior, (vol. 28, 1968) and her book In the Shadow of Man (1971).

Miss Goodall and The Wild Chimpanzees is a slightly different editing of basically the same material. A major difference is that it includes footage on the creation and use of tools by free-ranging chimpanzees. For this reason, this version is perhaps more in- teresting, and it is far more readily available.

Chimpanzees of the Gombe National Park. By JANE VAN LAWICK GOODALL. 1971, 16mm, color, optical sound, 10 m inutes. Purchase, $100.00, rental $15.00.

A Chimpanzee Family. By JANE VAN LAWICK GOODALL. 1971, 16mm, color, optical sound, 7 minutes. Purchase, $70.00, rental, $15.00.

Both films are produced by IRVEN DEVORE at the EDC Film Studio and are available from Education Development Center- Film Distribution Center, 55 Chapel Street, Newton, MA 02160.

Reviewed by DAVID AGEE HORR Brandeis University

As part of their program of school curriculum development, the Education Development Center has edited two brief films out of the excellent chimpanzee footage from the Goodall study at the Gombe Stream Reserve.

One of these, Chimpanzees of the Gombe National Park, is designed as a general introduction to chimpanzees and the chimp study. In addition to describing how the study started, this film shows several general aspects of chimpanzee behavior such as greeting gestures, climbing, feeding, threat, and interactions with baboons. More impor- tant are the scenes of chimpanzee tool-using abilities, both the use of leaf sponges to obtain water and the fashioning of termiting sticks. These are the most valuable sequences in the film. A number of scenes of the camp

This content downloaded from 195.78.108.174 on Sat, 21 Jun 2014 10:11:06 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions