MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE and NAMA DEVELOPMENT in SOLID WASTE SECTOR

in KENDARI CITY

Government of Kendari City

Asrun Mayor of Kendari City

Regional Workshop on Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions in Asia and the Pacific

18 and 19 March 2014, Bangkok, Thailand

STRUCTURE

1. FACTS about KENDARI CITY 2. MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT in KENDARI

City 3. NAMAs in SOLID WASTE SECTOR in KENDARI CITY

FACTS about KENDARI CITY

Area: 295.89 km2 Population: 415.191 inhabitants in 2013 Population growth: 1,97%/year Population density: 1403 inhabitants/km2 10 district and 64 sub-district Average precipitation: 1991 mm/year

FACTS about KENDARI CITY Southeast Sulawesi

Province

Kendari City

Single Media Handling Focus on Health, Waste management and Greening the city

Multi Media Handling Hygiene and Waste in the city, Water pollution, Air pollution

“Kendari in 2020 as the City inside the Garden which is Pious, Forward, Democratic and Prosperous.” (as stated in Local Regulation No 10/2001)

VISION of KENDARI CITY (1)

SMART GREEN CITY (2012-2017)

LIVABLE CITY (2017-2020)

CLEAN and GREEN CITY (2007-2012)

City inside the Garden

Pious City

Forward, Democratic and Prosperous City

GREEN CITY SPIRITUAL CITY SMART CITY

LIVABLE CITY (Sustainable, Forward, Democratic and Prosperous City)

VISION of KENDARI CITY (2)

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT in KENDARI CITY

Waste generation in 2012: 168 ton/day Covering service area of the Waste Collection: 60,7% Waste composition, organic: 54%, anorganic: 46% Vehicles: dump trucks 30 units, arm roll 5 units, handcart 40 units,

waste motorcycle 47 units, etc. Waste bank: 10 unit, operated based on community initiative Temporary stations: 10 units, 3 units with 3R facility that operated

based on community initiative Landfill Puuwatu: controlled landfill

FACTS about SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT in KENDARI CITY

Operated since 2003 as controlled landfill with Landfill Gas Capturing, Composting and Leachate treatment facility

Landfill area: ±13 Ha ( end of 2014 will be expanded to 18 Ha, and 30 Ha by year 2017)

Distance to city center: ±28 km Distance to nearest settlement: ±2,5 km Plants to cover the Passive Zone, and Planting the Green belt around the Site LFG capture since 2010 utilized as direct-used-gas and electricity VISION: Landfill as a sport, educational and tourist attraction 2010- 2020

LANDFILL PUUWATU, KENDARI CITY

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LFG-UTILIZATION at PUUWATU LANDFIIL

LFG Pipe Installation LFG Pipeline

Direct-Use for cooking

Pipe installation for Direct-Use

Experiment: LFG as an alternative Fuel

LFG as an energy to generate electricity (Generator at the Landfill)

2005: the dirtiest city in Southeast Sulawesi Province 2006: rank 56 out of 60 Middle City* in Indonesia in cleanliness

(almost the dirtiest Middle City in Indonesia) Since 2009: receive Adipura** award for Middle City for 5

consecutive years. 2013: AMPL Award for Category Best Solid Waste Management for

Middle City in Indonesia***

*Middle City defines as city with 100.000 – 500.000 inhabitants **Adipura is an award for cities in Indonesia for managing its cleanliness and environment, and show a

commitment for clean and green city *** AMPL Award (Air Minum dan Penyehatan Lingkungan) is an award issued by BAPPENAS for a city that

shows commitment to improve its drinking water, sanitation and environment

DEVELOPMENT OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (SWM) SITUATION IN KENDARI

ACTION PLAN FROM GOVERNMENT of KENDARI to IMPROVE SWM SYSTEM

Procurement of vehicles and SWM infrasturcture, i.e. dump trucks, arm roll, weighing bridge

Expansion of the Landfill area (from 13 Ha to 30 Ha by 2017), and sanitary landfill operation for new cells

Improving and optimizing 3R system: Optimizing the Temporary stations (communal and traditional

market) Improving the solid-waste-bank

Development of the Education Center Development of infrastructure at the Landfill for tourism site,

e.g. Flying Fox, Outbound and other recreational facilities, etc. Optimizing Landfill Gas Utilization: Optimizing the Landfill Gas Capture and Utilization Development of the Energy-Independent Village near the

Landfill (for around 200 Households) Capacity building and socialization of the SWM System

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KENDARI CITY INITIATIVE: ENERGY-INDEPENDENT VILLAGE

This village is located up to 500 m from the Landfill Site. The initiative intend to serve around 200 HH for the people that used to live near the landfill without proper house, such as scavenger, waste picker, etc. This initiative also support those people to live in proper house.

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KENDARI CITY INITIATIVE: COMMUNAL COMPOSTER

This composter was built in the Traditional Market area with Geomembran liner, well for leachate control and Gas capturing pipe. This so-called Mini Landfill receive only organic waste generated from three Traditional Market. It has volume of around 2500 m3. The idea is, besides to reduce transport cost, also to generate energy for the Market as electricity and direct use, and also as education project.

Composter at its Initial Operation with Geomembrane Liner

Composter with Soil Cover and Gas Capturing Pipe

Activity at the Traditional Market near by

NAMAs in SOLID WASTE SECTOR in KENDARI CITY

Purpose Develop vertically integrated approach in the climate change mitigation action in Indonesia

Focus municipal solid waste

Project Duration September 2012 - April 2015

Pilot Location Kendari City, Malang City, Pekalongan City and Regency, Jambi City, Sidoarjo Regency

Executing Agency Lead executing agency is Bappenas (Ministry of Planning) Lead Technical Agency is Ministry of Public Works

Partners Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Home Affairs, Provincial Government and Local Government (Regency/City) and other related stakeholders in waste sector

Technical Support GIZ, on behalf of the BMU (German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety)

Outputs 1. Bankable NAMA-proposal that meets MRV requirements elaborated for the waste sector

2. Practical guidelines, support for the elaboration of other vertically integrated NAMAs

V-NAMA PROJECT in INDONESIA

ELABORATION of NAMA ELEMENTS

NAMA Elements Elaboration

Baseline

Mitigation Options

Cost Analysis

Incentive Sheme

BAU Scenario

Co-Benefit

M R V

Risk Analysis

Elaborating the NAMA elements that appropriate to situation and condition in Kendari City in order to reduce GHG emission from Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) sector

Reducing GHG emission by improving MSW Management

Sampling of Waste generation and waste composition in Kendari based on Indonesian National Standard (SNI 19-3964-1994)

Data sampling was conducted 8 consecutive days between 6-14 May 2013 at the Source and at the Landfill

Based on the data of waste generation and composition, Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission Baseline was calculated using IPCC 2006 Method, and the BAU scenario was forecasted to year 2020

Business as Usual GHG emission from Municipal Solid Waste in 2012: 16,94 Gg CO2eq (waste generation: 168 ton/day) in 2020: 22,69 Gg CO2eq (waste generation: 205 ton/day) Sampling of Waste generation and waste composition build solid basis data for Municipal Solid Waste Management strategy

BUSINESS as USUAL (BAU)/BASELINE INFORMATION

GHG emission Mitigation: combination of integrated waste minimization at source and Waste Treatment at Final Disposal including Landfill Gas Capture (Landfill Gas recovery)

Improving Covering service area of the Waste Collection: 79% New Landfill cells: operated sanitary landfill Material Recovery Facility at the Landfill Site Landfill Gas Flaring and utilization at the Landfill Recovery 76% of potential Landfill Gas at the Landfill Waste minimization at source: 20% in year 2020

(41 ton/day out of 205 ton/day Waste generation) GHG emission reduction is expected 5,05 Gg CO2 eq in 2020

Institutional strenghtened, particularly at the Government Community participation (waste minimization, waste segregation,

participation in solid-waste-bank and 3R facilities)

MITIGATION OPTIONS

MITIGATION SCENARIO

Waste generation

Treatment in Household

Level

Treatment 3R Facilities

Recycleable

Residu

Recycleable

Residu

Compost

Compost

Untreated Waste

Residu

Recycleable

Compost

Material Recovery

Facility

Landfill Site

Flaring

Gas Direct use

Electricity

Final Disposal Site

Waste Minimisation Waste Treatment at Final Disposal

205 t/day Treatment in Traditional

Market

20,5 t/day

10,25 t/day

10,25 t/day

162 t/day

Environmental benefit, e.g.: Reducing GHG emission to the atmosphere, risk of the fire at the landfill Replacement of part of fossil fuel usage with recovered Landfill Gas Reducing uncollected waste in open fields, rivers,etc. Reduction of virgin materials by replacing them with recyclable

materials from the waste, e.g.: plastic, paper, metal, glass Extending lifespan of the Landfill

Economic benefit, e.g.: Additional income from revenue of electricity, compost, recyclables-

based products, recyclable materials Creating working opportunity Reduction of operating cost by waste minimization at source, e.g.

transport cost Additional income through Solid-Waste Bank

Social benefit, e.g.: Entry point to sustainable renewable energy source Sustainable municipal waste management system Community involvement and education

CO-BENEFIT ANALYSIS

BASELINE STUDY in KENDARI CITY

Sampling of Waste Generation and Composition at the Landfill

Interview at a Traditional Market

Malang

Planning Workshop

Pekalongan

V-NAMA PROJECT ACTIVITIES for KENDARI

Stakeholder Dialogue

NAMA Elements Elaboration Workshop in Jakarta

GHG emission calculation Training in Malang City

CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION

The Vision of Kendari City: as the City inside the Garden, is a proven motivation for the City Government and the community to improve the cleanliness in Kendari

NAMA Development in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)

sector through V-NAMA Program, is an opportunity for Kendari City to improve and optimize its Solid Waste Management system

Landfill Gas to Electricity Puuwatu Landfill

KAPASITAS TERPASANG GENSET= KAPASITAS TERPAKAI =

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Direct use landfill gas

Qt = (Pg x 3600): H0 Ket : H0 (Nilai Kalori Biogas) = 20.000 kJ/m3 Pe (Daya Efektif) = 68 kW Pe = Ne x Pg Pg = Pe / Ne = 68 / 0,75 = 90,67 kW Qt = (90,67 X 3.600) : 20.000 = 16,32 M3/Jam = 71.484 M3/Tahun CH4 = Qt x 50% 0,0007168 Ton CH4/M3 CH4 = 71.484 M3 x 50% x 0,0007168 Ton CH4/M3 = 25,62 Ton CH4 C02e = CH4 x 21 = 538 Ton CO2 / Tahun

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SKEMA INSTALASI JARINGAN PENANGKAPAN GAS METAN TPA PUWATU

Tanah Urug

Tanah Urug

Lapisan Sampah

Lapisan Sampah Membran

Pelepasan Kompresor

Wadah Penampungan

Jaringan Filterisasi