M.Tech Thermal Course structure and Syllabus for1st & … Engineering M.tech program 2013-14 Department Of Mechanical Engineering COURSE STRUCTURE AND DETAILED SYLLABUS Rajam- 532127,

Thermal Engineering

M.tech program

2013-14

Department Of Mechanical Engineering

COURSE STRUCTURE AND DETAILED SYLLABUS

Rajam- 532127, Srikakulam (Dt.) WWW. GMRIT.ORG

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING M.Tech. (Thermal Engg)-2013

1st SEMESTER

S.No Code Course Theory Practical Credits 1 MEP11401 Advanced Optimization Techniques 3 + 1 - 4 2 MEP11402 Advanced Thermodynamics 3 + 1 - 4 3 MEP11403 Finite Element Analysis 3 + 1 - 4

Elective – I

4 MEP11404 MEP11405 MEP11406

Advanced Fluid Mechanics Energy and Environmental Engineering Turbo-Machines

3 + 1 - 4

Elective – II

5 MEP11407 MEP11408 MEP11409

Advanced I.C. Engines Convective Heat Transfer Non-Conventional Energy Sources

3 + 1 - 4

6 MEP11210 Thermal Engineering Lab - 3 2 7 GMRP10206 Term Paper - - 2 Total 20 3 24

2nd SEMESTER

S.No Code Course Theory Practical Credits 1 MEP11411 Advanced Heat and Mass Transfer 3 + 1 - 4 2 MEP11412 Computational Fluid Dynamics 3 + 1 - 4 3 MEP11413 Fuels, Combustion and Environment 3 + 1 - 4

Elective – III

4

MEP11414 MEP11415 MEP11416

Energy Management Equipment Design for Thermal Systems Thermal and Nuclear power Plants

3 + 1 - 4

Elective – IV

5 MEP11417 MEP11418 MEP11419

Jet propulsion and Rocketry Refrigeration and Air conditioning Thermal Measurements and Process Controls

3 + 1 - 4

6 MEP11220 Computational Methods Lab - 3 2 7 GMRP 10202 Comprehensive Viva - - 2

Total 20 - 24

3rd SEMESTER

S.No Code Course Theory Practical Credits 1 GMRP 20403 Internship and Project work 4

Total 4

4th SEMESTER

S.No Code Course Theory Practical Credits 1 GMRP 22005 Project work - 20

Total - 20

Department of Mechanical Engineering

M.Tech- 1st Semester

SYLLABUS

(Applicable for 2013-14 admitted batch)

Course Title: ADVANCED OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES L T P C

Course Code: MEP1 1401 3 1 0 4

Course objectives : The course is intended to

• Develop systematic approach to handle problems to design of electrical circuit etc; with a goal of maximizing the profit and minimizing cost.

• Understand the various optimization techniques such as classified optimization, linear programming. One dimensional minimization methods, unconstrained optimization techniques, constrained optimization techniques and dynamic programming.

• Understand the necessary sufficient conditions for finding the solution of the problems in classical optimization.

• Comprehend the numerical methods for finding approximate solution of complicated problems. • Apply methods like North West corner rule, least count method etc. to solve the transportation

problem.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the learners will be able to

• Design of mechanical systems and interdisciplinary engineering applications and business solutions using suitable optimization technique.

• Apply numerical or iterative techniques in power systems for optimal power flow solutions. • Optimize the parameters in control systems for desired steady state or transient response. • Optimize the cost function in deciding economic factors of power systems. • Design of electrical systems optimally using suitable techniques like univariate method,steepest

descent method etc.

UNIT – I (18 hours) Linear programming: Two-phase simplex method, Big-M method, duality, interpretation, applications. Assignment problem: Hungarian’s algorithm, Degeneracy, applications, unbalanced problems, traveling salesman problem.

UNIT – II (18 hours) Classical optimization techniques: Single variable optimization with and without constraints, multi variable optimization without constraints, multi – variable optimization with constraints – method of Lagrange multipliers, Kuhn-Tucker conditions. Numerical methods for optimization: Nelder Mead’s Simplex search method, Gradient of a function, Steepest descent method, Newton’s method, types of penalty methods for handling constraints. UNIT – III (12 hours) Genetic algorithm (GA) : Differences and similarities between conventional and evolutionary algorithms, working principle, reproduction, crossover, mutation, termination criteria, different reproduction and crossover operators, GA for constrained optimization, draw backs of GA. Genetic Programming (GP): Principles of genetic programming, terminal sets, functional sets, differences between GA & GP, random population generation, solving differential equations using GP. UNIT – IV (12 hours) Multi-Objective GA: Pareto’s analysis, Non-dominated front, multi – objective GA, Non dominated sorted GA, convergence criterion, applications of multi-objective problems . Basic Problem solving using Genetic algorithm, Genetic Programming & Multi Objective GA and simple applications of optimization for engineering systems. Text Books: 1. Optimal design – Jasbir Arora, Mc Graw Hill (International) Publishers 2. Optimization for Engineering Design – Kalyanmoy Deb, PHI Publishers 3. Engineering Optimization – S.S.Rao, New Age Publishers References: 1.Genetic algorithms in Search, Optimization, and Machine learning – D.E.Goldberg, Addison- Wesley Publishers 2. Genetic Programming- Koza 3. Multi objective Genetic algorithms - Kalyanmoy Deb, PHI Publishers



SYLLABUS

(Applicable for 2013-14 admitted batch) Course Title: ADVANCED THERMO DYNAMICS L T P C


Course objectives :

The course is intended to

• Provide analytical methods for the determination of the direction of processes from the first and second laws of thermodynamics and to Introduce methods in using equations of potentials, availability, and excergy for thermodynamic analysis

• Gain the knowledge on non-reactive mixture properties , Psychrometric Mixture properties and psychrometric chart and Air conditioning processes

• Develop the ability of analyzing vapor and Gas power cycles • Provide in depth knowledge of Direct Energy Conversion of Fuel Cells , Thermo electric energy

,Thermionic power generation ,Thermodynamic devices Magneto Hydrodynamic Generations and Photo voltaic cells

• Develop communication and teamwork skills in the collaborative course project

Course Outcomes:

At the end of the course the learners will be able to

• Gain the analytical methods for the determination of the direction of processes from the first and second laws of thermodynamics and to carryout the thermodynamic analysis using equations of potentials, availability, and excergy

• Gain the knowledge on non-reactive mixture properties , Psychrometric Mixture properties and psychrometric chart and Air conditioning processes

• analyze vapor and Gas power cycles • Apply the knowledge of Direct Energy Conversion of Fuel Cells , Thermo electric energy

,Thermionic power generation ,Thermodynamic devices Magneto Hydrodynamic Generations and Photo voltaic cells

• Develop communication and teamwork skills in the collaborative project

UNIT – I (16 hours) Basic Concepts: Thermodynamics - Zeroth law of thermodynamics – first law of thermodynamics - limitations of first law - Corollaries . concept of internal energy Transient Flow Analysis - second law of thermodynamics - Corollaries . concept of entropy- Availability and unavailability – availability function of the closed system - availability of steady flow system Irreversibility Third law of Thermodynamics. Thermodynamic Relations : Introduction Thermo dynamic Potentials – Maxwell Relations – Specific Heat Relations – Mayer’s relation –General relations for du, dh, ds UNIT – II (14 hours) Perfect Gases : P.V.T. surface – Equations of state – Real Gas Behavior – Vander Waal’s equation - Generalized compressibility Factor – Energy properties of Real Gases – Vapour pressure – Clausius – Clapeyron Equation – Throttling – Joule – Thompson coefficient. Non-reactive Mixture of perfect Gases – Governing Laws – Evaluation of properties –Psychrometric Mixture properties and psychrometric chart – Air conditioning processes – Real Gas Mixture. UNIT – III (17 hours) Reactive Gas Mixtures : Combustion: Introduction-– Combustion Reactions – Enthalpy of Formation – Entropy of Formation - Adiabatic flame Temperature -first and second law analysis of reacting systems. Thermodynamic cycles: Vapor power cycles:- second law analysis of vapor power cycles, cogeneration, binary vapor cycles, combined gas vapor power cycles. Gas power cycles:- ideal jet propulsion cycles- second law analysis of gas power cycles. UNIT – IV (13 hours) Direct Energy Conversion Introduction – Fuel Cells - Thermo electric energy – Thermionic power generation -Thermodynamic devices Magneto Hydrodynamic Generations – Photo voltaic cells. REFERENCE BOOKS : 1) Basic and Applied Thermodynamics, P.K. Nag, TMH 2) Thermo dynamics / Holman, Mc Graw Hill 3) Thermo dynamics / Doolittle – Messe 4) Thermo dynamics / Sonnatag & Van Wylen 5) Irreversible Thermo Dynamics / HR De Groff. 6) Engg. Thermo dynamics /PL.Dhar



SYLLABUS (Applicable for 2013-14 admitted batch)

Course Title: FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

Course Code: MEP1 1403 L T P C

3 1 0 4

Course objectives :


• Gain a fundamental understanding of the finite element method for solving boundary value problems . • Learn important concepts of variational form, minimum potential energy principles, and method of

weighted residuals. • Study one dimensional problems such as truss, beam, and frame members, two-dimensional problems

such as plain stress and plain strain elasticity problems, torsion problem. • Learn finite element analysis of static and dynamic problems and heat transfer problems. • provide the student with some knowledge and analysis skills in applying basic laws in mechanics and

integration by parts to develop element equations and steps used in solving the problem by finite element method.

Course Outcomes:


• apply the concepts of minimum potential energy principles to solve structural mechanics problems.

• Compute Eigen values and eigenvectors of simple dynamic systems

• obtain weak form from strong form and total potential, and recognize similarities between such solutions, and those obtained by variational principles and principal of virtual work.

• obtain finite element solution and compare with exact solution of simple one dimensional problems.

• apply the finite element procedure for stress analysis and design of load carrying structures and heat transfer problems

UNIT-I (15 hours) Introduction to FEM: basic concepts, historical back ground, application of FEM, general description, comparison of fem with other methods, variational approach, Co-ordinates, basic element shapes, interpolation function. Rayleigh- Ritz method, properties of stiffness matrix, treatment of boundary conditions, solution of system of equations, shape functions UNIT – II (15 hours) 1-D structural problems – axial bar element – stiffness matrix, load vector, temperature effects, Quadratic shape function. Analysis of Trusses – Plane Truss and Space Truss elements. Analysis of beams – Hermite shape functions – stiffness matrix – Load vector – Problems – analysis UNIT – III (15 hours) 2-D problems –CST, force terms, Stiffness matrix and load vector, boundary conditions, Isoparametric element – quadrilateral element, Shape functions – Numerical Integration 3-D problems – Tetrahedran element – Jacobian matrix – Stiffness matrix UNIT – IV (15 hours) Scalar field problems - 1-D Heat conduction – 1-D fin element – 2-D heat conduction Problems Dynamic considerations, Dynamic equations- consistent mass matrix-Eigen Values, Eigen Vector, natural frequencies-mode shapes-modal analysis. TEXT BOOKS:

1. Introduction to finite elements in engineering – Tirupathi K. Chandrupatla and Ashok 2. D. Belagundu. /Prentice- Hall India. 3. The finite element methods in Engineering – S.S. Rao _ Pergamon, New York 4. An Introduction to Finite Element Methods – J. N. Reddy – Mc Grawhill 5. The Finite element method in engineering science – O.C. Aienkowitz, Mc Grawhill. 6. Concepts and applications of finite element analysis – Robert Cook./ John Wiley & Sons 7. Finite Element Procedures in Engineering analysis – K.J Bathe



SYLLABUS


Course Title: TURBO-MACHINES

Course Code : MEP1 1406 L T P C

3 1 0 4 (Elective – I)

Course objectives:


• Understand the fundamental concepts of turbo machines. • Apply concepts of fluid mechanics in turbo machines. • Understand the thermodynamic analysis of steam nozzles and turbines. • Understand the different types of compressors and evaluating their performances in the form of

velocity triangles. • Familiarize the basic concepts of gas dynamics and analyze the performance of axial flow gas

turbines. Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the learners will be able to

• Able to derive the basic equations used for turbo machines. • Will be able to understand the concept of velocity triangles used for performance evaluation of

turbines. • Able to understand the concept of degree of reaction for axial flow compressors. • Will able to understand the basic concepts of gas dynamics. • Analyze the performance of axial flow gas turbines.

UNIT – I (14 hours) Fundamentals of Turbo machines: Classification, Applications of Turbo machines Methods of Analysis Isentropic flow, Energy transfer; Efficiencies; static and Stagnation conditions Buckingham Pi Theorem, Other Non-dimensional Parameters for Turbo machines; continuity equation; Energy in Flowing Fluids, Euler Equations UNIT – II (15 hours) Steam Nozzles: Convergent and Convergent – Divergent nozzles; Energy balance; effect of back – pressure on the analysis; Design of nozzles. Steam Turbines :Impulse Turbines: Compounding; work done and velocity triangles; Efficiencies; Constant Reaction Blading; Design of blade passages, angles and height; Secondary flow; leakage losses; Thermodynamic analysis of steam turbines. UNIT – III (15 hours) .Centrifugal Compressor: Types; Basic Construction and Working Principles - Classification, Basic Velocity triangles and efficiencies; Blade passage design; slip factor; stanitz and stodolas formulae; Effect of inlet mach number; Prewhirl; performance. Axial Flow Compressors: Basic Construction and Working Principles , work and velocity triangles ; Efficiencies; Thermodynamic analysis; stage pressure rise ; Degree of reaction ; stage loading ; Determination of Stage Efficiency, Axial Flow Compressor Performance, Surge and Stall in Compressor and the Remedies, performance. UNIT – IV (16 hours) Gas Dynamics: Fundamentals thermodynamic concepts; Isentropic conditions; Mach number and Area – Velocity relation; Dynamic pressure; normal shock relations for perfect gas; supersonic flow, Axial Flow Gas Turbines: Introduction, Work done; velocity triangles and efficiencies; thermodynamic flow analysis; degree of reaction; Determination of Turbine Stage Efficiency ,Axial Flow Turbine Performance, stresses in blades; Blade assembling; materials and cooling of blades; performance; REFERENCE BOOKS : 1. Elements of Gas Dynamics – Yahya 2. Turbines, Pumps, Compressors – Yahya 3. Gas Turbines, Ganesan, V Tata McGraw-Hill Pub.Co.Ltd., New Delhi 4. Principles of Turbo Machinery, D. G. Shepherd, The Macmillan Company 5. Fluid Mechanics, Thermodynamics of Turbo machinery, Dixon, Pergamon Press 6. Fundamentals of Turbo machines – Shephard 7. Practice on Turbomachines – G. Gopalakrishnan & D. Prithviraj, SciTech Publishers, Chennai. 8. Theory and practice of steam turbines – Kearton 9. Gas Turbines – Theory and practice – Zucrow

10. Elements of Gas Dynamics – Liepman and Roshkow 11. Axial Flow Compressors – Horlock. 12. Gas Turbines- Cohen, Roger & Sarvanamuttu



SYLLABUS


Course Title: ADVANCED FLUID MECHANICS

Course Code : MEP11404 L T P C

3 1 0 4

(Elective – I )

Course Objectives:


• Establish an understanding of the fundamental concepts of fluid mechanics. • Understand and apply the potential flow equations to basic flows. • Understand and apply the differential equations of fluid mechanics including the ability to apply

and understand the impact of assumptions made in the analysis. • Understand the boundary layer concepts with respect to fluid flow • Understand and apply the compressible flow equations.

Course Outcomes:


• Apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering. • Derive the governing equations of fluid flow and applying them to simple flow problems. • Emphasizing the mathematical formulation of various flow problems. • Apply the boundary layer concept to the fluid flow problems.

UNIT – I (14 hours) Non – viscous flow of incompressible Fluids: Lagrangian and Eulerain Descriptions of fluid motion- Path lines, Stream lines, Streak lines, stream tubes – velocity of a fluid particle, types of flows, Equations of three dimensional continuity equation- Stream and Velocity potential functions. POTENTIAL FLOW THEORY : Condition for irrotationality, circulation & vorticity Accelerations in Carte systems normal and tangential accelerations, Euler’s, Bernoulli equations in 3D– Continuity and Momentum Equations UNIT – II (14 hours) Principles of Viscous Flow: Derivation of Navier-Stoke’s Equations for viscous compressible flow – Exact solutions to certain simple cases : Plain Poisoulle flow - Coutte flow with and without pressure gradient -Hagen Poisoulle flow - Blasius solution. UNIT – III (16 hours) Boundary Layer Concepts Prandtl’s contribution to real fluid flows – Prandtl’s boundary layer theory - Boundary layer thickness for flow over a flat plate – Approximate solutions – Creeping motion (Stokes) –Oseen’s approximation - Von-Karman momentum integral equation for laminar boundarylayer –– Expressions for local and mean drag coefficients for different velocity profiles. UNIT – IV (16 hours) Compressible Fluid Flow Thermodynamic basics – Equations of continuity, Momentum and Energy - Acoustic Velocity Derivation of Equation for Mach Number – Flow Regimes – Mach Angle – Mach Cone – Stagnation State Area Variation, Property Relationships in terms of Mach number, Nozzles, Diffusers – Isothermal Flow in Long Ducts – Normal Compressible Shock, Oblique Shock: Expansion and Compressible Shocks – Supersonic TEXT BOOKS: 1. Schlichting H – Boundary Layer Theory (Springer Publications). 2. Convective Heat and Mass Transfer – Oosthigen, McGrawhill 3. Convective Heat and Mass Transfer – W.M. Kays, M.E. Crawford, McGrawhill 4. Fluid Mechanics- F.M.White- REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Yuman S.W – Foundations of Fluid Mechanics. 2. An Introduction to Compressible Flow – Pai. 3. Dynamics & Theory and Dynamics of Compressible Fluid Flow – Shapiro. 4. Fluid Mechanics and Machinery – D. Rama Durgaiah.(New Age Pub.) 5. Fluid Dynamics – William F. Hughes & John A. Brighton (Tata Mc



SYLLABUS


Course Title: ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING


3 1 0 4


• Learn the principles of air and water pollution, effect of these pollutants on the environment and

the methods available to control them.

• Familiar with technical and scientific methods for treating, controlling or safely disposing of air and water emissions, which could pose a threat to the environment

Course Outcomes:


• Design of mechanical systems and interdisciplinary engineering applications and business solutions using suitable optimization technique.

• Apply numerical or iterative techniques in power systems for optimal power flow solutions.

• Optimize the parameters in control systems for desired steady state or transient response.

• Optimize the cost function in deciding economic factors of power systems.

• Design of electrical systems optimally using suitable techniques like univariate method,steepest descent method etc.

UNIT - I (15 hours)

Introduction to Pollution: Pollution of air, water, and soil; Effect of pollution on living systems

Air Pollution : Sources and classification of air pollutants, Effect of air pollution, Pollution from industries, Chemical reactions in a contaminated atmosphere, urban air pollution, Green house effect, Ozone layer depletion, Acid rain, Photo chemical smog, Meteorological aspects of air pollution.

Air Pollution Sampling and Measurement: Collection of gaseous and particulate pollutants, Analysis of air pollutants – Sulphur dioxide, Nitrogen oxides, Carbon monoxide, Oxidants and Ozone, Hydro carbons and Particulate matter

UNIT – II (15 hours)

Air Pollution Control Methods and Equipment: Cleaning of gaseous effluents, Particulate emission control, Control of specific gaseous pollutants SO2, NOx, Hydrocarbons, CO.

Water Pollution and Control: Types of water pollutants and their effects, Thermal pollution and effects, Water pollution laws and standards, Waste water sampling and analysis, Treatment of waste water (primary, secondary and tertiary treatment processes).

UNIT – III (15 hours)

Waste to Energy Conversion: Sources and classification of wastes, Energy generation from wastes - Biochemical vs. Thermo-chemical Conversion and their environment benefits, Introduction to Biochemical conversion (anaerobic digestion); Thermo-chemical conversion processes - direct combustion, incineration, pyrolysis, gasification and liquefaction; Economics of thermo-chemical conversion, Industrial applications of incinerators and gasifiers; Briquetting; Utilization and advantages of briquetting.

UNIT –IV (15 hours)

Energy Conservation in Industry: Energy Conservation and its Importance; Energy Strategy for the Future; The Energy Conservation Act, 2001 and its Features, Energy conservation in Boilers, Steam Turbines and Cooling Towers; Waste Heat Recovery: Introduction; Classification and Application; Benefits of Waste Heat Recovery; Development of a Waste Heat Recovery System.

REFERENCES

1. “Environmental pollution control engineering” C. S. Rao/New age International Pvt.Ltd 2. “Air pollution” M.N.Rao and M.V.N.Rao /Tata Mc Graw Hill 3. “Pollution control in process industries” S.P. Mahajan/ Tata Mc Graw Hill 4. “Energy Technology” S.Rao and B.B.Parulekar /Khanna publishers 5. “Energy from Waste - An Evaluation of Conversion Technologies”, Parker, Colin, & Roberts,

Elsevier Applied Science, London, 1985. 6. “Industrial Energy Conservation”, Reay, D.A, 1st edition, Pergamon Press, 1977. 7. “Integrated Solid Waste Management: Engineering Principles and Management Issues”

Tchobanoglous, G., Theisen, H., Vigil, S.A., McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 1993.



SYLLABUS


Course Title: ADVANCED IC ENGINES


3 1 0 4

(Elective – II )


• Analyze engine cycles and the factors responsible for making the cycle different from the Ideal cycle.

• Apply principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer to influence the engine’s performance

• Understand the delay period and fuel injection system • Become aware of the relevance of environmental and social issues on the design process of

internal combustion engines

Course Outcomes:


• Analyze engine cycles and the factors responsible for making the cycle different from the Ideal cycle

• Apply principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer to influence the engine’s performance

• To Demonstrate the delay period and fuel injection system • Demonstrate an understanding of the relationships between the design of the IC engine and

environmental and social issues

UNIT – I (13 hours) Introduction – Historical Review – Engine Types – Design and operating Parameters. Cycle Analysis: Thermo-chemistry of Fuel – Air mixtures, properties – Ideal Models of Engine cycles – Real Engine cycles - differences and Factors responsible for –Computer Modeling. UNIT – II (14 hours) Gas Exchange Processes: Volumetric Efficiency – Flow through ports – Supercharging and Turbo charging. Charge Motion: Mean velocity and Turbulent characteristics – Swirl, Squish – Prechamber Engine flows. UNIT – III (16 hours) Engine Combustion in S.I engines: Combustion and Speed – Cyclic Variations – Ignition – Abnormal combustion Fuel factors, MPFI, SI engine testing. Combustion in CI engines: Essential Features – Types off Cycle. Pr. Data – Fuel Spray Behavior – Ignition Delay – Mixing Formation and control, Common rail fuel injection system Fuel supply systems for S.I. and C.I engines to use gaseous fuels like LPG, CNG and Hydrogen UNIT – IV (17 hours) Pollutant Formation and Control: Nature and extent of problems – Nitrogen Oxides, Carbon monoxide, unburnt Hydrocarbon and particulate – Emissions – Measurement – Exhaust Gas Treatment, Catalytic converter, SCR, Particulate Traps, Lean, NOx, Catalysts. Modern Trends in IC Engines - Lean Burning and Adiabatic concepts - Rotary Engines. - Modification in I.C engines to suit Bio - fuels. - HCCI and GDI concepts REFERENCES BOOKS: 1. I.C. Engines Fundamentals/Heywood/Mc Graw Hill 2. The I.C. Engine in theory and Practice Vol.I / Teylor / IT Prof. And Vol.II 3. I.C. Engines: Obert/Int – Text Book Co. 4. I.C. Engines: Maleev 5. Combustion Engine Processes: Lichty 6. I.C. Engines: Ferguson 7. Scavenging of Two – stroke Cycle




Course Title: NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES

Course Code : MEP1 1409 L T P C

3 1 0 4

(Elective – II ) Course objectives : The course is intended to

• Provide a fundamental treatment of fluid flows controlled by viscous or turbulent stress gradients and the subsequent heat transfer between fluids and solid surfaces.

• Provide analytical solutions to the momentum and energy conservation equations for both laminar and turbulent flows will be considered.

• Provide solid foundation for the engineering practitioner engaged in single phase convective thermal transport.

• Provide solid foundation for further studies in multiphase convective transport.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the learners will be able to • To derive appropriate transport equations, apply transport equations to convective transport problems,

and evaluate appropriate transport properties such as friction factors, Nusselt numbers, Sherwood numbers, and Stanton numbers.

• To understand and perform engineering analysis in the area of thermal systems. • To evaluate the heat transfer coefficient for the engineering systems with natural convection. • To evaluate the heat transfer coefficient for the engineering systems with forced convection inside the

ducts or over the exterior surfaces.

UNIT – I (16 hours) Introduction – Energy Sinario - Survey of Energy Resources – Classification – Need for Non-Conventional Energy Resources. Solar Energy: The Sun – Sun-Earth Relationship – Basic matter to waste heat energy circuit – Solar radiation – Attention – Radiation measuring instruments. Solar Energy Applications: Solar water Heating, space heating – active and passive heating – energy storage – selective surface – solar stills and ponds – solar refrigeration – photovoltaic generation . UNIT – II (16 hours) Geothermal Energy: Structure of Earth – Geothermal Regions – Hot springs – Hot Rocks – Hot Aquifers – Analytical Methods to estimate Thermal Potential – Harnessing Techniques – Electricity Generating Systems. Nuclear Fusion: Fusion – Fusion Reaction- P-P Cycle carbon Cycle, Deuterium cycle – condition for controlled Fusion.Fuel Cells and Photovoltaic –Thermionic and Thermoelectric Generation – MHD Generator. UNIT – III (10 hours) Bio – Energy: Biomass Energy Sources – Plant Productivity, Biomass Wastes – Aerobic and Anaerobic bio-conversion processes – Raw Materials and properties of Bio-gas-Bio-gas plant Technology and Status – The Energetics and Economics of Biomass Systems – Biomass gasification UNIT – IV (18 hours) Wind Energy: Wind – Beaufort number – characteristics – wind energy conversion systems – types – Betz model – Interference Factor – Power Coefficient – Torque Coefficient and thrust coeff.- Lift machines and drag machines – matching – electricity generation. Energy from Oceans: Tidal Energy; Tides – Diurnal and Semi – Diurnal Nature – Power from Tides Wave Energy ; Waves – Theoretical Energy Available – Calculation of period and phase velocity of waves – wave power systems – submerged devices. Ocean Thermal Energy : principles – Heat Exchangers – Pumping requirements – Practical Considerations.

TEXT BOOKS: 1. Renewable Energy Resources – Basic Principles and Applications – G.N.Tiwari and M.K.Ghosal, Narosa Pub REERENCE BOOKS : 1. Renewable Energy Resources / John Twidell & Tony Weir 2. Biological Energy Resources / Malcolm Flescher & Chrris Lawis



SYLLABUS


Course Title: CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER


3 1 0 4

(Elective – II )

Course objectives :


• Understand the need of the non-convectional energy sources. • Know the role of non-convectional energy for the environment.

• Understand the energy resources utilization systems.

• Know the source and potential of wind energy and understand the classifications of wind mills. • Summarize the principles of bio-conversion, ocean energy and geo thermal energy.

• Apply the principles of thermo electric generators, fuel cells, and MHD generators.

Course Outcomes:


• Choose the appropriate renewable energy as an alternate for conventional power in any application. • Analyze the environmental and cost economics of using renewable energy sources compared to

fossil fuels. • Apply the principles of various energy systems in day to day life. • Analyze the industrial needs and convert theoretical model to practical circuits with wide range of

specifications. • Evaluate the importance of the renewable resources of energy as the fossil fuels are depleting in the

world very fast. • Express about clean and green energy for next generation. • Analyse large scale demand of heat energy for meeting day to day domestic, institutional and

industrial requirements can be met by utilizing solar thermal systems, biogas, PV cells, wind energy, Geothermal, MHD etc.

• Design the various techniques and models fabricated in utilizing the above said sources of energy.

UNIT – I (14 hours) Introduction: Forced, free & combined convection – convective heat transfer coefficient – Application of dimensional analysis to convection – Physical interpretation of dimensionless numbers. Equations of Convective Heat Transfer: Continuity, Navier-Strokes equation & energy equation for steady state flows – similarity – Equations for turbulent convective heat transfer – Boundary layer equations for laminar, turbulent flows – Boundary layer integral equations. Unit-2: (16 hours) External Laminar Forced Convection: Similarity solution for flow over an isothermal plate – integral equation solutions – Numerical solutions – Viscous dissipation effects on flow over a flat plate. External Turbulent Flows: Analogy solutions for boundary layer flows – Integral equation solutions – Effects of dissipation on flow over a flat plate. Internal Laminar Flows: Fully developed laminar flow in pipe, plane duct & ducts with other cross-sectional shapes – Pipe flow & plane duct flow with developing temperature field – Pipe flows & plane duct flow with developing velocity & temperature fields. Internal Turbulent Flows: Analogy solutions for fully developed pipe flow –Thermally developing pipe & plane duct flow. Unit – 3: (15 hours) Natural Convection: Boussineq approximation – Governing equations – Similarity – Boundary layer equations for free convective laminar flows – Numerical solution of boundary layer equations. Free Convective flows through a vertical channel across a rectangular enclosure – Horizontal enclosure – Turbulent natural convection. Unit – 4: (17 hours) Combined Convection: Governing parameters & equations – laminar boundary layer flow over an isothermal vertical plate – combined convection over a horizontal plate – correlations for mixed convection – effect of boundary forces on turbulent flows – internal flows - internal mixed convective flows – Fully developed mixed convective flow in a vertical plane channel & in a horizontal duct. Convective Heat Transfer Through Porous Media: Area weighted velocity – Darcy flow model – energy equation – boundary layer solutions for 2-D forced convection – Fully developed duct flow – Natural convection in porous media. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Introduction to Convective Heat Transfer Analysis – Patrick H. Oosthuigen & David Naylor (MCH) 2. Convective Heat & Mass Transfer – Kays & Crawford (TMH) 3. Principles of Heat Transfer- Frank Kreith, Mark S Bohn, Thompson Books. 4. Heat transfer –A basic fundamental approach –Ozisik, Mc Graw Hill. 5. Fundamentals of momentum, heat and mass transfer- welt wicks, wicky, wilson-wiley publishers.



SYLLABUS


Course Title: THERMAL ENGINEERING LAB


0 0 3 2

Course Objectives:

The lab is mainly intended to

• Analyze the performance and exhaust emissions of an IC engine by conducting the performance test on IC Engines.

• Evaluate the performance of the Vapor compression and Air conditioning units • Analyze the flame propagation velocity of the gaseous fuels • Evaluate the performance of the Solar flat plate collector and evacuated tube concentrator

Course Outcomes:


• Analyze the performance and exhaust emissions of an IC engine • Evaluate the performance of the Vapor compression and Air conditioning units • Analyze the flame propagation velocity of the gaseous fuels • Evaluate the performance of the Solar flat plate collector and evacuated tube concentrator

List of Experiments

1. Compressibility factor measurement of different real gases. 2. Dryness fraction estimation of steam. 3. Flame propagation analysis of gaseous fuels. 4. Performance test and analysis of exhaust gases of an I.C. Engine. 5. Heat Balance sheet, Volumetric Efficiency and air fuel ratio estimation of an I.C. Engine. 6. COP estimation of vapour compression refrigeration test. 7. Performance analysis of Air conditioning unit. 8. Performance analysis of heat pipe. 9. Solar Flat Plate Collector 10. Evacuative tube concentrator


M.Tech- 2 nd Semester


Course Title: ADVANCED HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER


3 1 0 4

Course Objectives :


• Impart the advances knowledge of heat transfer.

• Get analytical solutions for 2-D steady and transient heat conduction problems.

• Deep understanding on the governing equations for convection heat transfer; knowing the dimensionless parameters (influencing the convection performance).

• Aware of turbulence concept and modeling.

• Apply the concept of natural convection for electronic cooling, HVAC etc.

• Understand the boiling and condensation mechanism. • Understand the concept of mass transfer.

Course Outcomes:


• At the end of the course the learners will be able to • Apply the processes for intensive quenching using liquids. • Calculate coupled heat and mass transfer processes using equilibrium conditions. • Able to design thermally processes for high temperature and energy process engineering. • Able to solve the external and internal laminar boundary flow and heat transfer.

UNIT – I Introduction : Brief Introduction to different Modes of heat transfer- Conduction- General heat conduction equation – Boundary conditions – Steady simplified heat transfer in Cartesian coordinates – Finned surfaces- 1-D Heat transfer with internal heat generation.

UNIT – II

Transient heat conduction: Lumped system analysis – Heisler charts – Semi infinite solid –Product solution- 2D – steady state heat conduction – Use of conduction shape factors- -Transient heat conduction – Analytical solution- Finite Difference methods for Heat Conduction Problems- 1 D & 2 D steady state and Unsteady heat conduction – Implicit and Explicit methods. UNIT – III Forced Convection: Concept of boundary layer- Hydrodynamic and Thermal boundary layer concepts-Equations of Motion and Energy-Methods to determine heat transfer coefficient- Dimensional Analysis –Importance of Non – Dimensional numbers –Analogies between Heat and Momentum Transfer-External flows and integral methods for flow over a flat plate-Application of empirical relations to various geometrics Free convection: Dimensionless parameters of Free convection-An Approximate Analysis of Laminar Free Convection on a Vertical Plate-Free convection on a Horizontal Plate, Cylinder and Sphere- Combined free and forced convection. UNIT – IV Boiling and condensation: Boiling curve – Correlations – Nusselt’s theory of film condensation on a vertical plate – Assumptions & correlations of film condensation for different geometrics. Radiation: Concept of View factor- Methods of Determining View factors-Radiant heat exchange in Grey, Non- Grey bodies with Transmitting, Reflecting and Absorbing media- Specular surface, gas radiation –Radiation from flames. Mass Transfer: Introduction- Analogy between heat and mass transfer-Mass diffusion-Fick’s law of diffusion-Boundary conditions-Steady mass diffusion through a wall-Mass convection-Analogy between friction, heat transfer and mass transfer coefficients-Significance of Non – Dimensional numbers. TEXT BOOKS : 1. Heat Transfer – Necati Ozisik (TMH) 2. Heat and Mass Transfer – O P Single (Macmillan India Ltd) 3. Heat Transfer – P.S. Ghoshdastidar (Oxford Press) 4. Engg. Heat & Mass Transfer- Sarit K. Das (Dhanpat Rai) REFERENCE BOOKS : 1. Fundamentals of Heat & Mass Transfer – Incroera Dewitt (Jhon Wiley) 2. Heat Transfer : A basic approach – Yunus Cangel (MH) 3. Heat & Mass Transfer – D.S. Kumar 4. Heat Transfer – P.K. Nag(TMH) 5. Principle of Heat Transfer – Frank Kreith & Mark.Bohn.


M.Tech- 2nd Semester


Course Title: COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS L T P C


Course Objectives:


• Understand the basics of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). • Differentiate between finite difference and finite volume methods applied in CFD.

• Provide the necessary background in discretization methods, accuracy, stability and convergence aspects of numerical solutions.

• Develop an understanding of the capabilities and limitations of various numerical and mathematical models of fluid flow.

• Introduce some of the models required to compute turbulent and incompressible fluid flow problems

• Apply CFD to heat transfer problems.

Course Outcomes:

At the end of the course the learner will be able to

• Derive the basic governing equations applied for fluid flow problems. • Apply the differential equations to fluid flow problems.

• Understand the concept of discretization. • Solve simple algorithms for incompressible fluid flow.

• Apply the basics of CFD to heat transfer problems.

UNIT – I

Introduction: Computational Fluid Dynamics as a Research and Design Tool, Applications of Computational Fluid Dynamics Governing Equations of Fluid Dynamics: Introduction, Control Volume, Substantial Derivative, Divergence of Velocity, Continuity Equation, Momentum Equation and Energy Equation UNIT – II Mathematical Behavior of Partial Differential Equations: Introduction, Classification of Quasi-Linear Partial Differential Equations, Eigen Value Method, Hyperbolic Equations, Parabolic Equations, Elliptic Equations UNIT – III Basics Aspects of Discretization: Introduction, Introduction of Finite Differences, Difference Equations, Explicit and Implicit Approaches, Errors and Stability Analysis, Grid Generation Incompressible Fluid Flow: Introduction, Implicit Crank-Nicholson Technique, Pressure Correction Method, SIMPLE and SIMPLER algorithms,Computation of Boundary Layer Flow UNIT – IV Heat Transfer: Finite Difference Applications in Heat conduction and Convention – Heat conduction, steady heat conduction, in a rectangular geometry, transient heat conduction, Finite difference application in convective heat transfer. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Computational fluid dynamics - Basics with applications - John. D. Anderson / Mc Graw Hill. 2. Computational Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer, Anderson, D.A.,Tannehill, I.I., and Pletcher,

R.H.,Taylor and Francis 3. Numerical heat transfer and fluid flow / Suhas V. Patankar- Butter-worth Publishers 4. Fundamentals of Computational Fluid Dynamics, T. K Sengupta, University Press REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Computational Fluid Dynamics, T.J. Chung, Cambridge University 2. Computaional Fluid Dynamics – A Practical Approach – Tu, Yeoh, Liu (Elsevier) 3. Text Book of Fluid Dynamics, Frank Chorlton, CBS Publishers




Course Title: Fuels, Combustion and Environment L T P C

Course Code: MEP11413 3 1 0 4

Course Objectives:

The course is intended to • Provide students with knowledge of fuel quantity and engine technology effects on emissions. • Understand the combustion phenomena. • Understand the concept of laminar and turbulent flame propagation. • Understand about different methods to reduce air pollution. Course outcomes:

Upon completion of the subject, students will be able to:

• Have the knowledge of fuel thermo-chemistry and fuel quality effects on emissions, engine technologies, engine combustion-related emissions and control technologies;

• Extend their knowledge of fuels and engines to different situations of engineering context and professional practice.

• Have recognition of the need for, and an ability to engage in life-long learning.

UNIT – I Fuels – detailed classification – Conventional and Unconventional Solid, Liquid, gaseousfuels and nuclear fuels – Origin of Coal – Analysis of coal. Coal – Carborisation, Gasification and liquification – Lignite: petroleum based fuels – problems associated with very low calorific value gases: Coal Gas – Blast Furnace Gas Alcohols and Biogas. UNIT – II Principles of combustion – Chemical composition – Flue gas anlaysis – dew point of products – Combustion stoichiometry. Chemical kinetics – Rate of reaction – Reaction order – Molecularity – Zeroth, first, second and third order reactions - complex reactions – chain reactions. Theories of reaction Kinetics – General oxidation behavior of HC’s. UNIT – III Thermodynamics of combustion – Enthalpy of formation – Heating value of fuel - Adiabatic flame Temperature – Equilibrium composition of gaseous mixtures. Laminar and turbulent flames propagation and structure – Flame stability – Burning velocity of fuels – Measurement of burning velocity – factors affecting the burning velocity. Combustion of fuel, droplets and sprays – Combustion systems – Pulverised fuel furnaces – fixed, Entrained and Fluidised Bed Systems.

UNIT – IV Environmental considerations – Air pollution – Effects on Environment, Human Health etc.Principal

pollutants – Legislative Measures – Methods of Emission control.

TEXT BOOKS : 1. Combustion Fundamentals by Roger A strehlow – Mc Graw Hill 2. Fuels and combustion by Sharma and Chander Mohan – Tata Mc Graw Hill 3. Combustion Engineering and Fuel Technology by Shaha A.K. Oxford and IBH. REFERANCE BOOKS: 1. Principles of Combustion by Kanneth K.Kuo, Wiley and Sons. 2. Combustion by Sarkar – Mc. Graw Hill. 3. An Introduction to Combustion – Stephen R. Turns, Mc. Graw Hill International Edition. 4. Combustion Engineering – Gary L. Berman & Kenneth W. Ragland, Mc. Graw Hill International

Edition. 5. Combustion- I. Glassman




Course Title: ENERGY MANAGEMENT L T P C


(ELECTIVE III)

Course objectives : The course is intended to • Demonstrate the importance and role of energy management in the functional areas like

Manufacturing Industry, Process Industry,. Commerce and Government • Enable the students to understand the basic energy conversion and management principles and to

identify sources of energy loss and target savings • Enable students in carrying out budgeting and risk analysis • Analyze the performance of the wind turbine Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the learners will be able to • Develop the concepts of energy management which is essential in the functional areas like

Manufacturing Industry, Process Industry,. Commerce and Government • Understand the basic energy conversion and management principles and to identify sources of

energy loss and target savings • Carry out budgeting and risk analysis • Analyze the performance of the wind turbine

UNIT I:

Introduction: Principles of Energy Management – Managerial Organization – Functional Areas for i. Manufacturing Industry ii. Process Industry iii. Commerce iv. Government. Role of Energy Manager in each of these organization. Initiating, Organising and Managing Energy Management Programs. UNIT II:

Energy Audit: Definition and Concepts, Types of Energy Audits – Basic Energy Concepts – Resources for Plant Energy Studies – Data Gathering – Analytical Techniques. Energy Conservation: Technologies for Energy Conservation , Design for Conservation of Energy materials – energy flow networks – critical assessment of energy usage – formulation of objectives and constraints – synthesis of alternative options and technical analysis of options – process integration. UNIT III:

Economic Analysis: Scope, Characterization of an Investment Project – Types of Deprecication – Time Value of money – budget considerations, Risk Analysis. Methods of Evaluation of Projects : Payback – Annualised Costs – Investor’s Rate of return – Present worth – Internal Rate of Return – Pros and Cons of the common methods of analysis – replacement analysis. Energy Consultant: Need of Energy Consultant – Consultant Selection Criteria.

UNIT IV: Alternative Energy Sources: Solar Energy – Types of devices for Solar Energy Collection – Thermal Storage System – Control Systems- Wind Energy – Availability – Wind Devices – Wind Characteristics – Performance of Turbines and systems.

TEXT BOOKS :

1. Energy Management Hand book by W.C. Turner (Ed) 2. Management by H.Koontz and Cyrill O Donnell

REFERENCES BOOKS:

1. Financial Management by S.C. Kuchhal 2. Energy Management by W.R.Murthy and G.Mc Kay 3. Energy Management Principles by CB Smith.




Course Title: EQUIPMENT DESIGN FOR THERMAL SYSTEMS L T P C


(ELECTIVE III) Course objectives : The course is intended to .

• Design and analyse the heat exchangers parallel flow, counter flow, multipass and, cross flow heat exchanger

• Design and analyse the Shell and tube heat exchanger • Enable to carryout the preformance of heat exchanger with the extended surfaces. • Design and analyse the cooling towers.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the learners will be able to

• Design and analyse the parallel flow, counter flow, multipass and, cross flow heat exchangers • Develope the Shell and tube heat exchanger • Optimise the preformance of heat exchanger. • Design and analyse the cooling towers

UNIT - 1 Classification of heat exchangers: Introduction, Recuperation & Regeneration – Tubular heat exchangers: double pipe, shell & tube heat exchanger, Plate heat exchangers, Gasketed plate heat exchanger, spiral plate heat exchanger, Lamella heat exchanger, extended surface heat exchanger, Plate fin, and Tubular fin. Basic Design Methods of Heat Exchanger: Introduction, Basic equations in design, Overall heat transfer coefficient – LMTD method for heat exchanger analysis – parallel flow, counter flow, multipass, cross flow heat exchanger design calculations. UNIT - 2:

Double Pipe Heat Exchanger: Film Coefficient for fluids in annulus, fouling factors, calorific temperature, average fluid temperature, the calculation of double pipe exchanger, Double pipe exchangers in series-parallel arrangements. Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers: Tube layouts for exchangers, baffle Heat exchangers, calculation of shell and tube heat exchangers – shell side film coefficients, Shell side equivalent diameter, the true temperature difference in a 1-2 heat exchanger, influence of approach temperature on correction factor, shell side pressure drop, tube side pressure drop, Analysis of performance of 1-2 heat exchanger, and design calculation of shell & tube heat exchangers. Flow arrangements for increased heat recovery, the calculations of 2-4 exchangers. UNIT - 3: Condensation of single vapors: Calculation of a horizontal condenser, vertical condenser, De-super heater condenser, vertical condenser – sub-cooler, horizontal condenser – subcooler, vertical reflux type condenser, condensation of steam. Vaporizers, Evaporators and Reboilers: Vaporizing processes, forced circulation vaporizing exchangers, natural circulation vaporizing exchangers, calculations of a reboiler. Extended Surfaces: Longitudinal fins, weighted fin efficiency curve, calculation of a double pipe fin efficiency curve, calculation of a double pipe finned exchanger, calculation of a longitudinal fin shell and tube exchanger. UNIT - 4: Direct Contact Heat Exchanger: Cooling towers, relation between wet bulb & dew point temperatures, the Lewis number, and classification of cooling towers, cooling tower internals and the roll of fill, Heat balance, heat transfer by simultaneous diffusion and convection. Analysis of cooling tower requirements, Design of cooling towers, Determination of the number of diffusion units, calculation of cooling tower performance. TEXT BOOKS :

1. Process Heat Transfer – D.Q. Kern, TMH. 2. Cooling Towers by J.D. Gurney 3. Heat Exchanger Design – A.P.Fraas and M.N. Ozisick. John Wiely & sons, New York.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. W.F. Stoecker, Design of Thermal Systems - McGraw-Hill 2. Y. Jaluria, Design and Optimization of Thermal Systems –CRC Press 3. Bejan, G. Tsatsaronis, M.J. Moran, Thermal Design and Optimization – Wiley. 4. R. F. Boehm, Developments in the Design of Thermal Systems – Cambridge University Press. 5. N.V. Suryanarayana, Design & Simulation of Thermal Systems – MGH.




Course Title: THERMAL AND NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

Course Code: MEP1 1416. L T P C

3 1 0 4

(ELECTIVE III)


• Provide in awareness about resources of energies available in India for Power Production by Thermal and Nuclear Processes.

• Understand and know the requirements for a Thermal Power Plant and Nuclear Power Plant, from sources to consumption and economics of power plants.

• Study and learn the processes and cycles followed in Thermal Power Plants and nuclear power plants and components used in the power plants.

• Gain the knowledge on steam power plants, steam generators and gas turbine power plants, their analyses on fuel and fluidized bed combustion, ash handling systems,

• Learn the practices followed in Thermal Power Plant and Nuclear Power Plants, to better environmental conditions and the safety measures.

• Gain the knowledge on Power Load calculation, distribution and optimum loading. Etc., • Know various methods for the Economies of Power Generation and power plant instrumentation. Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the learners will be able to: • Gain the knowledge about resources of energies available in India for Power Production by

Thermal and Nuclear Processess. • Analyze the processes and cycles followed in Thermal Power Plants and nuclear power plants and

components used in the power plants and identify the losses to get better efficiency. • Apply the knowledge gained by analyzing the steam power plants, steam generators and gas

turbine power plants, to improve the efficiency and reduce the thermal losses. • Apply the knowledge in calculating the Power Load Calculations and Ditribution. • Develop the methods for the Economies of Power Generation and Power plant instrumentation.

UNIT I

Introduction – Sources of Energy, types of Power Plants, Direct Energy Conversion System, Energy Sources in India, Recent developments in Power Generation. Combustion of Coal, Volumetric Analysis, Gravimetric Analysis, and Flue gas Analysis. Steam Power Plants: Introduction – General Layout of Steam Power Plant, Modern Coal fired Steam Power Plants, Power Plant cycles, Fuel handling, Ash handling, Dust Collectors. Steam Generators: Types, Accessories, Feed water heaters, Performance of Boilers, Water treatment, Cooling Towers, Steam Turbines, Compounding of Turbines, Steam Condensers, Jet & Surface Condensers. UNIT II Gas Turbine Power Plant: Cogeneration, Combined cycle Power Plants, Analysis, Waste-Heat Recovery, IGCC Power Plants, Fluidized Bed Combustion – Advantages & Disadvantages. UNIT III Nuclear Power Plants: Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Reactors, Classification – Types of Reactors, Site Selection, Methods of enriching Uranium, Applications of Nuclear Power Plants. Nuclear Power Plants Safety: By-Products of Nuclear Power Generation, Economics of Nuclear Power Plants, Nuclear Power Plants in India, Future of Nuclear Power. UNIT IV Economics of Power Generation: Factors affecting the economics, Load Factor, Utilization factor, Performance and Operating Characteristics of Power Plants. Economic Load Sharing, Criteria for Optimum Loading, Specific Economic energy problems. Power Plant Instrumentation: Classification, Pressure measuring instruments, Temperature measurement and Flow measurement. Analysis of Combustion gases, Pollution – Types, Methods to Control. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Power Plant Technology / Wakil 1. Power Plant Engineering / P.K. Nag / TMH. REFERANCE BOOKS: 1. Power Plant Engineering/ Arora and Domukundwar/ Dhanpat Rai & Co 2. Power Plant Engineering / R.K. Rajput / Lakshmi Publications. 3. Power Plant Engineering / P.C.Sharma / Kotaria Publications. .




Course Title: JET PROPULSION AND ROCKETRY L T P C


(ELECTIVE IV)

Course objectives :


• Develop an understanding of how air-breathing engines and chemical rockets produce thrust; • Analyze the overall engine performance • Analyze the characteristics of the nozzle • Carry out performance analysis rockets; • Understanding of solid and liquid propellants engines

Course Outcomes:


• The generation of thrust in air-breathing engines and rockets; • The performance analysis engines • The overall performance exhaust nozzles; • An understanding of axial flow compressors and turbines, and an ability to carry out flow and

performance calculations for these • The simple performance calculations for rockets; • An understanding of how liquid and solid propellant rockets work.

UNIT-I Turbo Jet Propulsion System: Gas turbine cycle analysis – layout of turbo jet engine. Turbo machinery- compressors andturbines, combustor, blade aerodynamics, engine off design performance analysis. Flight Performance: Forces acting on vehicle – Basic relations of motion – multi stage vehicles.

UNIT-II

Principles of Jet Propulsion and Rocketry: Fundamentals of jet propulsion, Rockets and air breathing jet engines – Classification – turbo jet , turbo fan, turbo prop, rocket (Solid and Liquid propellant rockets) and Ramjet engines. Nozzle Theory and Characteristics Parameters: Theory of one dimensional convergent – divergent nozzles – aerodynamic choking of nozzles and mass flow through a nozzle – nozzle exhaust velocity – thrust, thrust coefficient, Ac / At of a nozzle, Supersonic nozzle shape, non-adapted nozzles, summer field criteria, departure from simple analysis – characteristic parameters – 1) characteristic velocity, 2) specific impulse 3) total impulse 4) relationship between the characteristic parameters 5) nozzle efficiency, combustion efficiency and overall efficiency. UNIT-III

Aero Thermo Chemistry of The Combustion Products: Review of properties of mixture of gases – Gibbs – Dalton laws – Equivalent ratio, enthalpy changes in reactions, heat of reaction and heat of formation – calculation of adiabatic flam temperature and specific impulse – frozen and equilibrium flows.

Solid Propulsion System: Solid propellants – classification, homogeneous and heterogeneous propellants, double base propellant compositions and manufacturing methods. Composite propellant oxidizers and binders. Effect of binder on propellant properties. Burning rate and burning rate laws, factors influencing the burning rate, methods of determining burning rates. Solid propellant rocket engine – internal ballistics, equilibrium motor operation and equilibrium pressure to various parameters. Transient and pseudo equilibrium operation, end burning and burning grains, grain design. Rocket motor hard ware design. Heat transfer considerations in solid rocket motor design. Ignition system, simple pyro devices. UNIT-IV

Liquid Rocket Propulsion System: Liquid propellants – classification, Mono and Bi propellants, Cryogenic and storage propellants, ignition delay of hypergolic propellants, physical and chemical characteristics of liquid propellant. Liquid propellant rocket engine – system layout, pump and pressure feed systems, feed system components. Design of combustion chamber, characteristic length, constructional features, and chamber wall stresses. Heat transfer and cooling aspects. Uncooled engines, injectors – various types, injection patterns, injector characteristics, and atomization and drop size distribution, propellant tank design. Ramjet and Integral Rocket Ramjet Propulsion System: Fuel rich solid propellants, gross thrust, gross thrust coefficient, combustion efficiency of ramjet engine, air intakes and their classification – critical, super critical and sub-critical operation of air intakes, engine intake matching, classification and comparison of IIRR propulsion systems. TEXT BOOKS:

1. Mechanics and Dynamics of Propulsion – Hill and Peterson 2. Rocket propulsion elements – Sutton REFERENCES BOOKS:

1. Gas Turbines – Ganesan (TMH) 2. Gas Turbines & Propulsive Systems – Khajuria & Dubey (Dhanpatrai) 3. Rocket propulsion – Bevere 4. Jet propulsion – Nicholas Cumpsty.




Course Title: REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING L T P C


(ELECTIVE IV) Course objectives : The course is intended to

• Familiarize students with the terminologies associated with refrigeration & air conditioning • Cover the basic principles of psychometric and applied psychometrics

• Familiarize students with system analysis

• Familiarize students with load calculations and elementary duct design

• Familiarize students with refrigerants; vapor compression refrigeration and multi-stage vapor

compression systems

• Understand the components of vapor compression systems and other types of cooling systems.

Course Outcomes (Expected) At the end of the course the learners will be able to

• Introduce students to HVAC technology, engineering, research, systems, system designs, energy impacts, and overall goals

• Develop understanding of the principles and practice of thermal comfort • Develop understanding of the principles and practice and requirements of ventilation • Develop generalized psychrometrics of moist air and apply to HVAC processes • Review heat transfer and solar energy engineering and develop techniques for the analysis of

building envelope loads

UNIT-I Vapour Compression Refrigeration : Performance of Complete vapor compression system. Components of Vapor Compression System: The condensing unit – Evaporators – Expansion valve – Refrigerants – Properties – ODP & GWP - Load balancing of vapor compression Unit. Compound Compression Flash inter-cooling – flash chamber – Multi-evaporator & Multistage systems.

UNIT-II Production of low temperature – Liquefaction system ;Cascade System – Applications. Dry ice system. Vapor absorption system – Simple and modified aqua – ammonia system – Representation on Enthalpy –Concentration diagram. Lithium – Bromide system Three fluid system – HCOP. UNIT-III Air Refrigeration : Applications – Air Craft Refrigeration -Simple, Bootstrap, Regenerative and Reduced ambient systems – Problems based on different systems. Steam Jet refrigeration system Representation on T-s and h-s diagrams – limitations and applications. Unconventional Refrigeration system – Thermo-electric – Vortex tube & Pulse tube – working principles. UNIT-IV Air –conditioning: Psychrometric properties and processes – Construction of Psychrometric chart. Requirements of Comfort Air –conditioning – Thermodynamics of human body – Effective temperature and Comfort chart – Parameters influencing the Effective Temperature. Summer , Winter and year round air – conditioning systems. Cooling load Estimation: Occupants, equipments, infiltration, duet heat gain fan load, Fresh air load. Air –conditioning Systems:All Fresh air , Re-circulated air with and without bypass, with reheat systems – Calculation of Bypass Factor, ADP,RSHF, ESHF and GSHF for different systems. Components:Humidification and dehumidification equipment – Systems of Air cleaning – Grills and diffusers – Fans and blowers – Measurement and control of Temperature and Humidity. TEXT BOOKS : 1.Refrigeration and Air Conditioning : Dossat – Mc Graw Hill 2. Refrigeration & Air Conditioning – C.P. Arora(TMH) 3. Refrigeration & Air Conditioning – Arora & Domkundwar – Dhanpat Rai REFERENCE BOOKS : 1) Refrigeration and Air Conditioning :Manohar Prasad 2) Refrigeration and Air Conditioning : Stoecker – Mc Graw Hill 4) Refrigeration and Air Conditioning : Ananthanarayana (TMH) 5) Refrigeration and Air Conditioning : Ballany – Khanna 6) Refrigeration and Air Conditioning : Arora – Tata Mc Graw Hill 7) Refrigeration and Air Conditioning : Domkundwar – Dhanpatrai 8) Ashrae Hand Book : 2 Vols.




Course Title: THERMAL MEASUREMENTS AND PROCESS CONTROLS


3 1 0 4

(ELECTIVE IV)

Course Objectives:


• Educate the student with operating principles and function of measuring instruments used in Engineering and process industries

• Make the student conversant with various working principles of instruments • Understand and analyze the behavioral characteristics of instruments

• Make the student learn about calibration procedure the instrument • Educate the student about the fundamental aspects of contro; systems and their use in the context

of industry applications

Course Outcomes:


•••• Making the student conversant with different working principles of various instruments

•••• Making the student to learn in the transduction of the signals

•••• Student can be able to analyze the behavior of an instrument in the measurement process •••• Be able to analyze and design an instrumentation system, dealing with the concepts of dynamic

range, signal noise ratio, and error budget •••• Build, program, calibrate and use a microprocessor-based instrumentation system

UNIT-I

General concepts – fundamental elements of a measuring instrument. Static and dynamic characteristics – errors in instruments – Different methods of measurement and their analysis – Sensing elements and transducers.

Measurement of pressure – principles of pressure measurement, static and dynamic pressure, vacuum and high pressure measuring – Measurement of low pressure, Manometers, Calibration methods, Dynamic characteristics- design principles. UNIT-II Measurement of Flow: Obstruction meters, variable area meters. Pressure probes, compressible fluid flow measurement, Thermal anemometers, calibration of flow measuring instruments. Introduction to design of flow measuring instruments. Temperature Measurement: Different principles of Temperature Measurement, use of bimetallic thermometers – Mercury thermometers, Vapor Pressure thermometers, Thermo positive elements, thermocouples in series & parallel, pyrometry, measurement of heat flux, calibration of temperature measuring instruments. Design of temperature measuring instruments. UNIT-III Level Measurement: Direct & indirect methods, manometric methods, float level meters, electrical conductivity, Capacitive, Ultrasonic, and Nucleonic Methods. Measurement of density – Hydrometer, continuous weight method, Gamma rays, Gas impulse wheel. Velocity Measurement – Coefficient of viscosity, Ostesld method, free fall of piston under gravity, torque method. Measurement of moisture content and humidity. Measurement of thermal conductivity of solids, liquids and gases. UNIT-IV Process Control: Introduction and need for process control principles, transfer functions, block diagrams, signal flow graphs, open and closed loop control systems – Analysis of First & Second order systems with examples of mechanical and thermal systems. Control System Evaluation – Stability, steady state regulations, transient regulations. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Measurement System, Application & Design – E.O. Doeblin. REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Mechanical and Industrial Measurements – R.K. Jain – Khanna Publishers. 2. Mechanical Measurements – Buck & Beckwith – Pearson. 3. Control Systems, Principles & Design, 2nd Edition – M. Gopal – TMH.




Course Title: COMPUTATIONAL METHODS LABORATARY L T P C


Course Objectives:

The lab is mainly intended to, •••• Familiarize the usage of CFD software package. •••• Reduce the time for solving different fluid flow problems. •••• Model the heat transfer problems where fluid flow is present in CFD software package such as ansys

and gambit. •••• Analyze the different thermal systems for variable fluid flow properties such as mass flow rate,

Reynolds number etc. •••• Analyze the thermal systems under different flow conditions such as turbulent flow etc. •••• Correlating the results obtained using different software with theoretical knowledge. •••• Identify the critical situation where the fluid flow can affect the thermal system.

Course Outcomes:

At the end of the lab the learners will be able to, •••• Understand the basics on how to use CFD software package for fluid flow problems. •••• Understand how a software package can reduce time to solve a fluid flow problem. •••• Model the different thermal systems used in real world. •••• Analyze the thermal systems by varying the fluid flow properties of the system. •••• Identify the critical situations of the thermal system. •••• To handle projects related to fluid flow.

CFD List of Experiments: 1. Simple thermal system modeling and analysis 2. Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer analysis in a Mixing Elbow 3. Periodic simulation of 2-D heat exchanger using Fluent and correlating the results with theoretical results. 4. Simulation of 3-D heat exchanger 5. Analysis of turbulent flow past a transonic airfoil 6. Analysis of Transient Temperature Distribution in a Slab. 7. Analysis of Temperature Distribution on an Insulated Wall. 8. Analysis of Temperature Distribution along a Straight Fin. 9. Analysis of Temperature Distribution along a Tapered Fin. 10. Analysis of Discharge of Water from a Reservoir.

Solving the above Thermal Engineering problems using available packages such as Gambit ,ANSYS , CFX, STARCD, MATLAB, FLUENT.

Documents

M.Tech Thermal Course structure and Syllabus for1st & … Engineering M.tech program 2013-14 Department Of Mechanical Engineering COURSE STRUCTURE AND DETAILED SYLLABUS Rajam- 532127,