Modern Hebrew for Beginners Copyright ©2007-08 Uri Yosef for VirtualYeshiva.com All rights reserved. Module 9/Page 1 The Hebrew Verb Verbs have the same

Modern Hebrew for Beginners Copyright ©2007-08 Uri Yosef for VirtualYeshiva.comAll rights reserved.

Module 9/Page 1

The Hebrew Verb

Verbs have the same function in most languages; they are the part of speech that express action, existence, or occurrence. In Hebrew, most verbs are structured via a consonantal three-letter skeleton, called the root, which is applied unto up to seven (discontinuous consonantal) patterns, called the stem. The verbs are also classified according to five categories, one of which includes some “modern” verbs structured via a consonantal four-letter skeleton. The way a verb appears in a sentence depends on its root and stem, as well as on its category and conjugation by tense and pronoun (which includes gender and quantity).

Pronoun

Tense

Stem

Root

Category


Module 9/Page 2

The Hebrew Verb (cont’d)

��ל�ית �ג נ א�י ע�ת� ת�

קע�ב�ר�י

תRoot SHOresh ש��ר�ש�Infinitive* maQOR מ�קו�רPast aVAR ע�ב�רPresent hoVEH �ה ה�וFuture aTID ע�ת�ידImperative tsiVUY �י �ו צ�ו

Description �יק ע�ת� ת� �ן �י ב��נSimple form pa’AL (QAL) �על )קל( פ�Reflexive and passive form

nif’AL �פ�על נActive intensive form pi’EL �ע�ל פ�Passive intensive form pu’AL �ע�ל פ�Reflexive form hitpa’EL ע�ל ה�ת�פ�Active causative form hif’IL ה�פ�ע�יל

Passive causative form

hof’AL/huf’ALה�פ�על\ה�פ�על

Forms and tenses of verbsThe seven stems unto which verbs

are applied (stem = ן� �י (ב��נ

* Verbs have different infinitives under each stem. Not every verb has valid forms in’ every stem.


Module 9/Page 3

The Hebrew Verb (cont’d)

Hebrew verbs fall into five major categories [(gizROT) רו�ת� ��ז Their appearance .[גin conjugated forms is affected by the category [(gizRAH) ר�ה� ��ז to which the [גverbs belong. For the purpose of this class, this particular grammatical concept will not be pursued in detail, except to list the five major categories and show an example [(dugMAH) ג�מ�ה �� of such a verb in each category, along with its root and [דinfinitive.

Meaning מ�קו�רג�מ� �� דה

Description� �ו ק�צ

ר�יק ע�ת� ת� �ר�ה ��ז ג

to request�ל�בק�

ש�בקש� Regular verbs (all 3 root

consonants are used) ש׳ shleiMIMי* ש��ל�מ�

ם

to fall �ל ל�פ� נפל Defective verbs (not all root consonants are used) ח׳ haseiRIM

ר�י* �ח&סם

to slow down ל�ה�א�ט אטט Gemmate verbs (2nd & 3rd root

consonants are the same) �׳ כ kefuLIM�ל�י* ��פו כ

םto read/call ל�ק�ר�א קרא Quiescent verbs (silent 3rd

root consonant) נ׳ naHIM �ח�ים* נ

to translate�� ל�תר�ג

םתרג

םQuadriliteral verbs (root with 4 consonants) מ׳ meruba’IM

מ�ר�ב��ע�ים

Categories - רו�ת� ��ז ג

* These consist of several subcategories determined by which consonants appear in any of the three positions in the root.


Module 9/Page 4

Sample Conjugations of Verbs

The Regular (ש׳) verb “to request” – ש��] ל�בק� �ע�ל in the בקש� פ�stem]

Present - ה� ה�ו

��ל�ית �ג אנ �יק ע�ת� ת� ע�ב�ר�ית ��ל�ית �ג אנ �יק ע�ת� ת� ע�ב�ר�ית

נ. ז.

I, you, request

she requests

aNI, AT, HI, mevaQEshet

�י, א&נ ,� את�,ה�יא

מ�בק��ש��ת

I, you, request

he requests

aNI, aTAH. HU, mevaQESH

�י, א&נאת��ה, �א ,הו

מ�בק��ש�

נ״ר ז״ר

we, you, they, request

aNAHnu, aTEN, HEN, mevaqSHOT

,� ח�נו א&נ�ן, את�

ה�ן,מ�בק��ש�ו�

ת

we, you, they, request

aNAHnu, aTEM, HEM, mevaqSHIM

� ח�נו ,א&נ�ם, את�

ה�ם,מ�בק��ש��ים


Module 9/Page 5

Sample Conjugations of Verbs (cont’d)

Past - ע�ב�ר

��ל�י �ג אנת

�י ע�ת� ת�ק

ע�ב�ר�ית�י ע�ת� ת�

ק��ל�י �ג אנ

ת�י ע�ת� ת�

קע�ב�ר�ית

נ. זו״נ ז.I requested aNI biQASHti �י נ �יא& ב��ק�ש��ת�

you requested

AT biQASHt

� את�� ב��ק�ש��ת�

you requested

aTAH biQASHta

את��ה� ב��ק�ש��ת�

she requested

HI biqSHAH ה�יא

ב��ק��ש��הhe requested

HU biQESH �א ב��ק��ש�הו

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe requested

aNAHnu biQASHnu � ח�נו �א&נ נו ב��ק�ש�

you requested

aTEN biQASHten

�ן את��ן ב��ק�ש��ת�

you requested

aTEM biQASHtem

את��םב��ק�ש��ת��ם

they requestedHEM/HEN biqSHU �ה�ן\ה�ם ב��ק��ש�ו



Module 9/Page 6


Future - ע�ת�יד



ע�ב�ר�ית �יק ע�ת� ת��ל�י �ג אנ



נ. זו״נ ז.I shall request aNI avaQESH �י נ א&בק��ש�א&

you will request

AT tevaqSHI � �בק��ש��יאת� you ת�will request

aTAH tevaQESH

את��ה�בק��ש� ת�

she will request

HI tevaQESH �בק��ש�ה�יא he ת�

will requestHU yevaQESH �א �בק��ש�הו י

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe shall request

aNAHnu nevaQESH � ח�נו �בק��ש�א&נ נ

you will request

aTEN tevaqSHU

�ן* את�� בק��ש�ו ת� * See note

on Page 7

you will request

aTEM tevaqSHU

את��ם� �בק��ש�ו ת�

they will request

HEN yevaqSHU * �ה�ן �בק��ש�ו they י

will requestHEM yevaqSHU �ה�ם �בק��ש�ו י



Module 9/Page 7


Imperative - י� �ו צ�ו



ע�ב�ר�ית��ל�י �ג אנ



נ. ז.

(you) request!

(AT)baqSHI (� !ב�ק��ש��י (את� (you)

request!(aTAH)

baQESH

(את��ה)!ב�ק��ש�

נ״ר ז״ר

(you) request!

(aTEN)baqSHU

�ן)** (את�� !ב�ק��ש�ו

(you) request!

(aTEM)baqSHU

(את��ם)� !ב�ק��ש�ו

** The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ה� !ב�ק��ש��נ[baQESHna]

* The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ן� �הה�ן\את� �בק��ש��נ (aTEN/HEN)] ת�tevaQESHna]

Note for Page 6



Module 9/Page 8

Sample Conjugations of Verbs



נ. ז.

I am you are she isrequested

aNI, AT, HI, mitbaQEshet

�י, �, א&נ את�,ה�יא

מ�ת�ב�ק��ש��ת

I amyou arehe isrequested

aNI, aTAH. HU, mitbaQESH


מ�ת�ב�ק��ש�

נ״ר ז״ר

we, you, they, arerequested

aNAHnu, aTEN, HEN, mitbaqSHOT

,� ח�נו א&נ�ן, ה�ן, את�מ�ת�ב�ק��ש�ו�

ת

we, you, they, arerequested

aNAHnu, aTEM, HEM, mitbaqSHIM


ה�ם,מ�ת�ב�ק��ש��י

ם

The Regular (ש׳) verb “to be requested” – ש��] ל�ה�ת�ב�ק� in the בקש�

ע�ל [stem ה�ת�פ�


Module 9/Page 9


Past - ע�ב�ר




ת�יק ע�ת� ת� ע�ב�ר�ית

נ. זו״נ ז.I was requested

aNI hitbaQASHti �י נ �יא& ה�ת�ב�ק�ש��ת�

you wererequested

AT hitbaQASHt

� את�� ה�ת�ב�ק�ש��ת�

you wererequested

aTAH hitbaQASHta

את��ה� ה�ת�ב�ק�ש��ת�

she wasrequested

HI hitbaqSHAH

ה�יאה�ת�ב�ק��ש��ה

he wasrequested

HU hitbaQESH �א ה�ת�ב�ק��ש�הו

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe were requested

aNAHnu hibaQASHnu � ח�נו �א&נ ה�ת�ב�ק�ש��נו

you wererequested

aTEN hitbaQASHten

�ן את��ן ה�ת�ב�ק�ש��ת�

you wererequested

aTEM hitbaQASHtem

את��םה�ת�ב�ק�ש��ת��ם

they were requestedHEM/HEN hitbaqSHU �ה�ן\ה�ם ה�ת�ב�ק��ש�ו

The Regular (ש׳) verb “to be requested” – ש��] ל�ה�ת�ב�ק� ע�ל in the בקש� ה�ת�פ�stem]


Module 9/Page 10








נ. זו״נ ז.I shall be requested aNI etbQESH �י נ א�ת�ב�ק��ש�א&

you will berequested

AT titbaqSHI � �ת�ב�ק��ש��יאת� you will be ת�

requestedaTAH titbaQESH

את��ה�ת�ב�ק��ש� ת�

she will berequested

HI titbaQESH �ת�ב�ק��ש�ה�יא he will be ת�

requestedHU yitbaQESH �א ית�ב�ק��ש�הו

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe shall be requested

aNAHnu nitbaQESH � ח�נו �ת�ב�ק��ש�א&נ נ


aTEN titbaqSHU

�ן* את�� ת�ב�ק��ש�ו ת� * See note

on Page 11


aTEM titbaqSHU

את��ם� �ת�ב�ק��ש�ו ת�

they will berequested

HEN yitbaqSHU

* �ה�ן they will be ית�ב�ק��ש�וrequested

HEM yitbaqSHU �ה�ם ית�ב�ק��ש�ו



Module 9/Page 11



��ל�ית �ג אנ�י ע�ת� ת�

קע�ב�ר�ית ��ל�ית �ג אנ


ע�ב�ר�ית

נ. ז.

(you) be requested!

(AT)hitbaqSHI (� !ה�ת�ב�ק��ש��י (את�

(you) be requested!

(aTAH)hitbaQESH

(את��ה)!ה�ת�ב�ק��ש�

נ״ר ז״ר

(you) be requested!

(aTEN)hitbaqSHU

�ן)** (את�� !ה�ת�ב�ק��ש�ו

(you) be requested!

(aTEM)hitbaqSHU

(את��ם)� !ה�ת�ב�ק��ש�ו

** The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ה� !ה�ת�ב�ק��ש��נ[hitbaQESHna]

* The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ן� �הה�ן\את� �ת�ב�ק��ש��נ (aTEN/HEN)] ת�titbaQESHna]

Note for Page 10



Module 9/Page 12


The Defective (ח׳) verb “to fall” – ל� �על in the נפל] ל�פ� פ�[stem )קל(



נ. ז.

I, you, fall

she falls

aNI, AT, HI, noFElet


נו�פ�ל�ת

I, you, fall

he falls

aNI, aTAH. HU, noFEL

�י, א&נאת��ה, �א ,הונו�פ�ל

נ״ר ז״ר

we, you, they, fall

aNAHnu, aTEN, HEN, nofLOT


ה�ן,נו�פ�לו�ת

we, you, they, fall

aNAHnu, aTEM, HEM, nofLIM


ה�ם,נו�פ�ל�ים


Module 9/Page 13


Past - ע�ב�ר






נ. זו״נ ז.I fell aNI naFALti �י נ �יא& �פל�ת� נyou fell AT naFALt � �את� �פל�ת� you fell נ

aTAH naFALta �את��ה �פל�ת� נ

she fell HI nafLAH �פ�ל�הה�יא he fell נ HU naFAL �א �פלהו נ

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe fell

aNAHnu naFALnu � ח�נו �א&נ �פל�נו נ

you fellaTEN nefalTEN

�ן* את��ן �פל�ת� נ

* See note on Page 15

you fellaTEM nefalTEM

את��ם*�פל�ת��ם נ

they fellHEM/HEN

nafLU �ה�ן\ה�ם �פ�לו נ



Module 9/Page 14








נ. זו״נ ז.I shall fall aNI ePOL �י נ �לא& א�פ�

you will fall AT tipLI � �ל�יאת� �פ� you will fall ת� aTAH tiPOL את��ה�ל �פ� ת�

she will fall HI tiPOL �לה�יא �פ� he will fall ת� HU yiPOL �א �להו יפ�

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe shall fall aNAHnu niPOL � ח�נו �לא&נ �פ� נ

you will fall aTEN tipLU�ן** את�� לו �פ� ת� ** See note

on Page 15

you will fall aTEM tipLU את��ם

� �לו �פ� ת�they will fall HEN yipLU ** �ה�ן �לו they will fall יפ� HEM yipLU �ה�ם �לו יפ�



Module 9/Page 15








נ. ז.

(you) fall!(AT)nifLI (� �פ�ל�י (את� !נ (you) fall!

(aTAH)neFOL

(את��ה)�פ�ל !נ

נ״ר ז״ר

(you) fall!(aTEN)nifLU

�ן)*** (את�� פ�לו !נ

(you) fall!(aTEM)nifLU

(את��ם)� �פ�לו !נ

*** The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ה� �פ�ל�נ !נ[neFOLna]

* The colloquial forms are: ת��םן\א� �ןאת� �פל�ת� �ם\נ �פל�ת� (aTEM/aTEN)] נnaFALtem/naFALten]

** The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ן� �הה�ן\את� �ל�נ �פ� (aTEN/HEN)] ת�tiPOLna]


Note for Page 13

Note for Page 14


Module 9/Page 16




נ. ז.

I, you, drop

she drops

aNI, AT, HI, mapiLAH


�יל�ה מפ�

I, you, drop

he drops

aNI, aTAH. HU, maPIL

�י, א&נאת��ה, �א ,הו�יל מפ�

נ״ר ז״ר

we, you, they, drop

aNAHnu, aTEN, HEN, mapiLOT


ה�ן,�ילו�ת מפ�

we, you, they, drop

aNAHnu, aTEM, HEM, mapiLIM


ה�ם,�יל�ים פ� מ

The Defective (ח׳) verb “to drop (something)” – יל� ה�פ�ע�יל in the נפל] ל�הפ�stem]


Module 9/Page 17


Past - ע�ב�ר






נ. זו״נ ז.I dropped aNI hiPALti �י נ �יא& ל�ת� ה�פ�

you dropped

AT hiPALt� את�

� ל�ת� ה�פ�you dropped

aTAH hiPALta

את��ה� ל�ת� ה�פ�

she dropped

HI hiPIlah ה�יא

�יל�ה ה�פ�he dropped HU hiPIL �א �ילהו ה�פ�

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe dropped

aNAHnu hiPALnu � ח�נו �א&נ ל�נו ה�פ�

you dropped

aTEN hiPALten

�ן את��ן ל�ת� ה�פ�

you dropped

aTEM hiPALtem

את��םל�ת��ם ה�פ�

they dropped HEM/HEN hiPIlu �ה�ן\ה�ם �ילו ה�פ�



Module 9/Page 18








נ. זו״נ ז.I shall drop aNI aPIL �י נ �ילא& אפ�

you will drop

AT taPIli � �יל�יאת� פ� you will drop ת� aTAH taPIL את��ה�יל פ� ת�

she will drop

HI taPIL �ילה�יא פ� he will drop ת� HU yaPIL �א �ילהו פ� י

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe shall drop

aNAHnu naPIL � ח�נו �ילא&נ פ� נ

you will drop

aTEN taPIlu�ן* את�

� �ילו פ� ת� * See note on Page 19

you will dropaTEM taPIlu

את��ם� �ילו פ� ת�

they will drop

HEN yaPIlu * �ה�ן �ילו �פ� they will יdrop

HEM yaPIlu �ה�ם �ילו �פ� י



Module 9/Page 19








נ. ז.

(you) drop!(AT)

haPIli (� �י (את� ל�יהפ� ! (you) drop!(aTAH)haPEL

(את��ה)� להפ� !

נ״ר ז״ר

(you) drop!(aTEN)haPIlu

�ן)** (את��י �הפ� לו !

(you) drop!(aTEM)haPIlu

(את��ם)�י �הפ� לו !

** The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: � �ההפ� ל�נ ! [haPELna]

* The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ן� �הה�ן\את� �ל�נ פ� (aTEN/HEN)] ת�taPELna]

Note for Page 18



Module 9/Page 20




נ. ז.

I, you,assaultshe assaults

aNI, AT, HI, mitnaPElet


�ל�ת פ� מ�ת�נ

I, you,assaulthe assaults

aNI, aTAH. HU, mitnaPEL


�ל פ� מ�ת�נ

נ״ר ז״ר

we, you, they,assault

aNAHnu, aTEN, HEN, mitnapLOT

,� ח�נו א&נ�ן, ה�ן, את��לו� פ� מ�ת�נ

ת

we, you, they,assault

aNAHnu, aTEM, HEM, mitnapLIM


ה�ם,�ל�י פ� מ�ת�נ

ם

The Defective (ח׳) verb “to assault/attack” – ל� פ� in the נפל] ל�ה�ת�נ



Module 9/Page 21


Past - ע�ב�ר






נ. זו״נ ז.I assaulted

aNI hitnaPALti �י נ �יא& ל�ת� פ� ה�ת�נ

youassaulted

AT hitnaPALt

� את�� ל�ת� פ� ה�ת�נ

youassaulted

aTAH hitnaPALta

את��ה� ל�ת� פ� ה�ת�נ

sheassaulted

HI hitnapLAH

ה�יא�ל�ה פ� ה�ת�נ

heassaulted

HU hitnaPEL �א �להו פ� ה�ת�נ

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe assaulted

aNAHnu hitnaPALnu � ח�נו �א&נ ל�נו פ� ה�ת�נ

youassaulted

aTEN hitnaPALten

�ן את��ן ל�ת� פ� ה�ת�נ

youassaulted

aTEM hitnaPALtem

את��םל�ת��ם פ� ה�ת�נ

they assaultedHEM/HEN hitnapLU �ה�ן\ה�ם �לו פ� ה�ת�נ

The Defective (ח׳) verb “to assault/attack” – ל� פ� in the נפל] ל�ה�ת�נ



Module 9/Page 22








נ. זו״נ ז.I shall assault aNI etnaPEL �י נ �לא& פ� א�ת�נ

you will assault

AT titnapLI � �ל�יאת� פ� �ת�נ you will ת�assault

aTAH titnaPEL

את��ה�ל פ� �ת�נ ת�

she will assault

HI titnaPEL �לה�יא פ� �ת�נ he will ת�assault

HU yitnaPEL �א �להו פ� ית�נ

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe shall assault

aNAHnu nitnaPEL � ח�נו �לא&נ פ� �ת�נ נ

you will assault

aTEN titnapLU

�ן* את�� לו פ� �ת�נ ת�


you will assault

aTEM titnapLU

את��ם� �לו פ� �ת�נ ת�

they will assault

HEN yitnapLU * �ה�ן �לו פ� they will ית�נ

assaultHEM yitnapLU �ה�ם �לו פ� ית�נ

The Defective (ח׳) verb “to assault/attack” – ל� פ� ע�ל in the נפל] ל�ה�ת�נ ה�ת�פ�stem]


Module 9/Page 23








נ. ז.

(you) assault!

(AT)hitnapLI (� �ל�י (את� פ� !ה�ת�נ (you)

assault!(aTAH)

hitnaPEL

(את��ה)�ל פ� !ה�ת�נ

נ״ר ז״ר

(you) assault!

(aTEN)hitnapLU

�ן)** (את�� לו פ� !ה�ת�נ

(you) assault!

(aTEM)hitnapLU

(את��ם)� �לו פ� !ה�ת�נ

** The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ה� �ל�נ פ� !ה�ת�נ[hitnaPELna]

* The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ן� �הה�ן\את� �ל�נ פ� �ת�נ (aTEN/HEN)] ת�titnaPELna]

Note for Page 22

The Defective (ח׳) verb “to assault/attack” – ל� פ� ע�ל in the נפל] ל�ה�ת�נ ה�ת�פ�stem]


Module 9/Page 24




נ. ז.

I, you,slow downshe slows down

aNI, AT, HI, meiTAH


מ�א�ט��ה

I, you,slow downhe slows down

aNI, aTAH. HU, meiET

�י, א&נאת��ה, �א ,הומ�א�ט

נ״ר ז״ר

we, you, they, slow down

aNAHnu, aTEN, HEN, meiTOT

,� ח�נו א&נ�ן, ה�ן, את�מ�א�ט�ו�ת

we, you, they, slow down

aNAHnu, aTEM, HEM, meiTIM


ה�ם,מ�א�ט��ים

The Gemmate (׳� ה�פ�ע�יל in the אטט] ל�ה�א�ט – ”verb “slow down (כstem]


Module 9/Page 25


Past - ע�ב�ר







נ. זו״נ ז.I slowed down aNI heiAteti �י נ �יא& ה�אט�ת�

you slowed down

AT heiAtet � �את� you slowed ה�אט�ת�down

aTAH heiAteta

את��ה� ה�אט�ת�

she slowed down

HI heiEtah ה�יא

ה�א�ט��הhe slowed down

HU heiET �א ה�א�טהו

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe slowed down

aNAHnu heiATnu � ח�נו �א&נ ה�אט�נו

you slowed down

aTEN heiAteten

�ן את��ן ה�אט�ת�

you slowed down

aTEM heiAtetem

את��םה�אט�ת��ם

they slowed downHEM/HEN

heiEtu �ה�ן\ה�ם ה�א�ט�ו



Module 9/Page 26








נ. זו״נ ז.I shall slow down aNI aEt �י נ א�א�טא&

you will slow down

AT taEti � �א�ט��יאת� you will ת�slow down

aTAH taET את��ה�א�ט ת�

she will slow down

HI taET �א�טה�יא he will slow ת�down

HU yaET �א �א�טהו י

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe shall slow down aNAHnu naET � ח�נו �א�טא&נ נ

you will slow down

aTEN taEtu�ן* את�

� �א�ט�ו ת�* See note on Page 27

you will slow down

aTEM taEtu את��ם

� �א�ט�ו ת�they will slow down

HEN yaEtu * �ה�ן �א�ט�ו they will יslow down

HEM yaEtu �ה�ם �א�ט�ו י



Module 9/Page 27




�יק ע�ת� ת� ע�ב�ר�ית��ל�י �ג אנ


נ. ז.

(you) slow down!

(AT) haEti (� !ה�א�ט��י (את� (you) slow down!

(aTAH) haET (את��ה)!ה�א�ט

נ״ר ז״ר

(you) slow down!

(aTEN) haEtu�ן)** (את�� !ה�א�ט�ו

(you) slow down!

(aTEM) haEtu (את��ם)

� !ה�א�ט�ו

** The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ה� !ה�א�ט�נ[haETna]

* The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ן� �הה�ן\את� �א�ט�נ (aTEN/HEN)] ת�taETna]

Note for Page 26



Module 9/Page 28






נ. ז.

I, you, read/callshe reads/calls

aNI, AT, HI, qoRET


קו�ר�את

I, you, read/callhe reads/calls

aNI, aTAH. HU, qoRE

�י, א&נאת��ה, �א ,הוקו�ר�א

נ״ר ז״ר

we, you, they,read/call

aNAHnu, aTEN, HEN, qor’OT


ה�ן,קו�ר�או�ת

we, you, they,read/call

aNAHnu, aTEM, HEM, qor’IM


ה�ם,קו�ר�א�ים

The Quiescent (נ׳) verb “to read/call” – קרא] ל�ק�ר�א in the )לל )קע� פ�stem]


Module 9/Page 29


Past - ע�ב�ר







נ. זו״נ ז.I read/called aNI qaRAti �י נ ק�ר�את�יא&you read/called

AT qaRAt � you ק�ר�אתאת�read/called

aTAH qaRAta ק�ר�את�את��ה

she read/called

HI qar’AH he ק�ר�א�הה�יאread/called

HU qaRA �א ק�ר�אהו

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe read/called

aNAHnu qaRAnu � ח�נו �א&נ ק�ר�אנו

you read/called

aTEN qraTEN

�ן* את�ק�ר�את�ן


you read/called

aTEM qraTEM

את��ם*ק�ר�את�ם

they read/calledHEM/HEN

qar’U �ה�ן\ה�ם ק�ר�או



Module 9/Page 30








נ. זו״נ ז.I shall read/call aNI eqRA �י נ א�ק�ר�אא&

you will read/call

AT tiqreI � �ק�ר�א�יאת� you will ת�read/call

aTAH tiqRA את��ה

�ק�ר�א ת�she will read/call

HI tiqRA �ק�ר�אה�יא he will ת�read/call

HU yiqRA �א יק�ר�אהו

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe shall read/call

aNAHnu niqRA � ח�נו �ק�ר�אא&נ נ

you will read/call

aTEN tiqreU�ן** את�

� �ק�ר�או ת� ** See note on Page 31

you will read/call

aTEM tiqreU את��ם

� �ק�ר�או ת�they will read/call

HEN yiqreU ** �ה�ן they will יק�ר�אוread/call

HEM yiqreU �ה�ם יק�ר�או



Module 9/Page 31








נ. ז.

(you) read!/call!

(AT)qir’I (� י (את� !ק�ר�א� (you)

read!/call!(aTAH)

qRA

(את��ה)!ק�ר�א

נ״ר ז״ר

(you) read!/call!

(aTEN)qir’U

�ן)*** (את�� !ק�ר�או

(you) read!/call!

(aTEM)qir’U

(את��ם)� !ק�ר�או

*** The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ה� !ק�ר�אנ[qREna]

* The colloquial forms are: ן� ק�ר�את�ם\ה�ן\את� ק�ר�את�ן [(aTEN/HEN) qaRAtem/qaRAten]

Note for Page 29


Note for Page 30

** The less commonly used, but grammatically correct,

forms are: ן� �הה�ן\את� �ק�ר�אנ ת� [(aTEN/HEN) tiqREna]


Module 9/Page 32






נ. ז.

I, you,translateshe translates

aNI, AT, HI, metarGEmet


��מ� מ�תר�גת

I, you,translatehe translates

aNI, aTAH. HU, metarGEM


�ם� מ�תר�ג

נ״ר ז״ר

we, you, they,translate

aNAHnu, aTEN, HEN, metargeMOT

,� ח�נו א&נ�ן, ה�ן, את��מו� מ�תר�ג

ת

we, you, they,translate

aNAHnu, aTEM, HEM, metargeMIM


ה�ם,י ��מ� מ�תר�ג

ם

The Quadrilateral (מ׳) verb “to translate” – ם�� ע�ל in the תרגם] ל�תר�ג פ�stem]


Module 9/Page 33


Past - ע�ב�ר







נ. זו״נ ז.I translated aNI tirGAMti �י נ �יא& �מ�ת� �ר�ג ת�

youtranslated

AT tirGAMt� את�

� �מ�ת� �ר�ג ת�youtranslated

aTAH tirGAMta

את��ה� �מ�ת� �ר�ג ת�

shetranslated

HI tirgeMAH ה�יא

��מ�ה �ר�ג ת�hetranslated

HU tirGEM �א �םהו� �ר�ג ת�

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe translated

aNAHnu tirGAMnu � ח�נו �א&נ נו �מ� �ר�ג ת�

youtranslated

aTEN tirGAMten

�ן את��ן �מ�ת� �ר�ג ת�

youtranslated

aTEM tirGAMtem

את��ם�מ�ת��ם �ר�ג ת�

they translatedHEM/HEN

tirgeMU �ה�ן\ה�ם ��מו �ר�ג ת�



Module 9/Page 34








נ. זו״נ ז.I shall translate aNI atarGEM �י נ �םא&� א&תר�ג

you will translate

AT tetargeMI� את�

י ��מ� �תר�ג ת�you will translate

aTAH tetarGEM

את��ה�ם� �תר�ג ת�

she will translate

HI tetarGEM ה�יא

�ם� �תר�ג ת�he will translate

HU yetarGEM �א �םהו� �תר�ג י

נ״ר זונ״ר ז״רwe shall translate

aNAHnu netarGEM � ח�נו �םא&נ� �תר�ג נ

you will translate

aTEN tetargeMU

�ן* את�� מו �תר�ג ת�


you will translate

aTEM tetargeMU

את��ם� ��מו �תר�ג ת�

they will translate

HEN yetargeMU * �ה�ן ��מו �תר�ג they will י

translateHEM yetargeMU �ה�ם ��מו �תר�ג י



Module 9/Page 35








נ. ז.

(you) translate!

(AT)targeMI (� י (את� ��מ� ר�ג !ת� (you)

translate!(aTAH)tarGEM

(את��ה)�ם� ר�ג !ת�

נ״ר ז״ר

(you) translate!

(aTEN)targeMU

�ן)** (את�� מו ר�ג !ת�

(you) translate!

(aTEM)targeMU

(את��ם)� ��מו ר�ג !ת�

** The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ה� �מ�נ� ר�ג !ת�[tetarGEMna]

* The less commonly used, but grammatically correct, form is: ן� �הה�ן\את� נ �מ�� תר�ג (aTEN/HEN)] ת�tetarGEMna]

Note for Page 34



Module 9/Page 36

Some Common Verbs

��ל�ית �ג �ן אנ �י ב��נ �יק ע�ת� ת� מ�קו�ר ש��ר�ש�

to love/like�על פ�)קל(

le’eHOV ל�א,ה�ב אהב

to fall in love ע�ל ה�ת�פ� lehit’aHEV ל�ה�ת�אה�ב אהב

to disappoint �ע�ל פ� leachZEV �ב ל�אכ�זאכז

ב

to be disappointed ע�ל ה�ת�פ� lehit’achZEV �ב ל�ה�ת�אכ�זאכז

ב

to eat�על פ�)קל(

le’eCHOL ל�א,כ�ל אכל

to feed ה�פ�ע�יל leha’aCHIL ל�הא&כ�יל אכל

to say�על פ�)קל(

loMAR/leiMORלו�מר\ל�אמ�ר

אמר

to enable �ע�ל פ� leafSHER ל�אפ�ש��ראפש�

ר

to come�על פ�)קל(

laVO ל�בו�א בוא

to bring ה�פ�ע�יל lehaVI ל�ה�ב�יא בוא


Module 9/Page 37

Some Common Verbs (cont’d)

��ל�ית �ג אנ �ן �י ב��נ�י ע�ת� ת�

קמ�קו�ר ש��ר�ש�

to understand ה�פ�ע�יל lehaVIN ל�ה�ב�ין בין

to weep�על פ�)קל(

livKOT �ו�ת ל�ב�כ בכה

to grow/increase�על פ�)קל(

ligDOL ל�ג�ד�ל גדל

to speak �ע�ל פ� ledaBER ל�דב��ר דבר

to be�על פ�)קל(

lihiYOT ל�ה�יו�ת היה

to go/walk�על פ�)קל(

laLEchet ל�ל�כ�ת הלך

to remember�על פ�)קל(

lizKOR ��ר �כ ל�ז זכר

to remind ה�פ�ע�יל lehazKIR��י �כ ל�הז

רזכר

to smile �ע�ל פ� lehaYECH � �ך� ל�חי חיך

to think�על פ�)קל(

lahSHOV לח�ש��ב חש�ב


Module 9/Page 38



to know�על פ�)קל(

laDA’at ל�דעת ידע

to exit/emerge�על פ�)קל(

laTSET ל�צ�את יצא

to descend�על פ�)קל(

laREdet ל�ר�ד�ת ירד

to sit�על פ�)קל(

laSHEvet ל�ש��ב�ת יש�ב

to enter �פ�על נ lehikaNES �ס ��נ ל�ה�כ כנסto put in/bring in ה�פ�ע�יל lehachNIS �יס ל�הכ�נ כנס

to write�על פ�)קל(

lichTOV ל�כ�ת��ב כתב

to correspond (with someone) ע�ל ה�ת�פ� lehitkaTEV

� �ת� ל�ה�ת�כב

כתב

to wear (clothing)�על פ�)קל(

lilBOSH ל�ל�ב��ש� לבש�

to get dressed ע�ל ה�ת�פ� lehitlaBESH�� ל�ה�ת�לב

ש�לבש�


Module 9/Page 39



to learn/study�על פ�)קל(

lilMOD ל�ל�מ�ד למד

to teach/instruct �ע�ל פ� lelaMED ל�למ��ד למד

to sell�על פ�)קל(

limKOR ��ר ל�מ�כ מכר

to be sold �פ�על נ lehimaCHER ל�ה�מ��כ�ר מכר

to drive (a vehicle)/lead

�על פ�)קל(

linHOG �ה�ג ל�נ נהג

to behave ע�ל ה�ת�פ� lehitnaHEG�ה ל�ה�ת�נ

גנהג

to close�על פ�)קל(

lisGOR ��ר ג ל�ס� סגר

to count�על פ�)קל(

lisPOR �ר פ� ל�ס� ספר

to tell/cut hair �ע�ל פ� lesaPER �ר פ� ל�ס ספר

to work�על פ�)קל(

la’aVOD לע&ב�ד עבד


Module 9/Page 40



to rise/ascend�על פ�)קל(

la’aLOT לע&לו�ת עלה

to stand/stand up�על פ�)קל(

laaMOD לע&מ�ד עמד

to open�על פ�)קל(

lifTO’ah ל�פ�ת��ח פתח

to buy�על פ�)קל(

liqNOT ל�ק�נו�ת קנה

to see�על פ�)קל(

lirOT ל�ר�או�ת ראה

to show ה�פ�ע�יל leharOTל�הר�או�

תראה

to want�על פ�)קל(

lirTSOT ל�ר�צו�ת רצה

to ask�על פ�)קל(

lishOL ל�ש��א�ל ש�אל

to pay �ע�ל פ� leshaLEM �ם� ל�ש�ל ש�לם

to drink�על פ�)קל(

lishTOT ל�ש��ת�ו�ת ש�תה

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