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Welcome to this session!
Mobilising national and local governments for the human rights to water and sanitation
Morondava, Madagascar, August 2018. WaterAid/Ernest Randriarimalala
INTRODUCTION EXPERIENCES DISCUSSION
Mobilising national and local governments for the human rights to water and sanitation
WelcomeBiljana FilipovicAssistant MinisterMinistry of Environmental ProtectionSerbia
Key note speechLéo HellerUN Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation
Applying the Making Rights Real approach• Ethiopia• Bangladesh• Bhutan
Applying the Equitable Access Score-Card under the Protocol on Water and Health• Serbia• North Macedonia
Interactive discussion with presentersModerator: Vincent CaseySenior WASH ManagerWaterAid
Key takeaways and call to actionModerator: Biljana Filipovic
Making Rights Real
Enabling civil society to engage local government on systemic challenges, using human rights
Introduction to the Making Rights Real approach
Experiences with implementation:
ETHIOPIATseguereda Abraham, Head of Sector Strengthening, WaterAid
BANGLADESHSabiha Siddique, Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning Officer, Simavi
BHUTANTshering Choden, Gender and Inclusion Advisor, SNV
Next stepsThorsten Kiefer, CEO, WASH United
The Making Rights Real approach: WHY IT WAS DEVELOPED
Local government
CLOSEST TO THE PEOPLECrucial for realising services
FACED WITH CHALLENGESLack of resources, political interference, competing priorities…
Human rights
UNIVERSALLY APPLICABLE PRINCIPLESHelp to focus on small doable actions even in the face of challenges
RELEVANT FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT But poorly understood, little practical use
The Making Rights Real approach
MAKING HUMAN RIGHTS USEFUL IN PRACTICEAimed at local government officialsApplicable in different countries, projects, programmes
Making Rights Real materials Suggested process, including support materials
The Making Rights Real approach: HOW IT IS USED
Enabling civil society to engage local government officials to address systemic challenges, using human rights
ETHIOPIA
Improving the motivation of local government officials
EthiopiaTHE CONTEXT
GOLOCHALocated in Bale Zone, Oromia Region
DISTRICT Many of the infrastructure challenges that are so common: Lack of service + service failure• Water coverage is at 50.5%• Sanitation coverage is reported at 64%• Functional water schemes only 40%
GOVERNMENT STAFF Officials are often demotivated & irresponsive
PROGRAMMESustainable Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Services at Scale (SusWASH) project
WaterAid/Genaye Eshetu
Understanding your role
Assessment & Analysis
Planning set the targets & priorities
Implementation, collaboration & commitment
Supervision & monitoring
EthiopiaAPPLYING THE MAKING RIGHTS REAL MATERIALS
OUR FOCUS• The Making Rights Real roll out has focused on local
government staff• It supports local government staff understanding of
their role & responsibility and be more responsive to citizen’s demands
WaterAid/Serawit Atnafu
EthiopiaAPPLYING THE MAKING RIGHTS REAL MATERIALS
Motivation mappingThe tool starts by looking into what motivates people in government• “Better relationship” & “better coordination”• Unclarity on their role and conflict with users very
demotivating
Roles & responsibilities• Perceived role & role as per national policy• Capacity to deliver
Accountability• Guidance on how to consider the needs of people who are
poor or marginalised • Making information plans available to everyone
WaterAid/Serawit Atnafu
EthiopiaLESSONS
UsersImprove user capacity to demand for improved services
IncentivesClear incentives for local government
Align support with: • What local government officials understand their role
to be? • What motivates them?• What are the critical capacity gaps & how to address
them?
Translated tools in Afan Oromo
Ethiopia
Incorporate MRR in all district level social accountability tools
Follow up use of the MRR materials during planning processes and get feedback
Track local government staff motivation and capacity improvement over time
Invest in a comprehensive capacity building and systems strengthening plan
EthiopiaWAY FORWARD
“I have used it (the manual) to review my planning, what to consider during planning, monitoring and evaluation. It even gave me an opportunity to seek feedback on how I am working” Gosaye Legesse, Gender Mainstreaming Team Leader, Women, Children and Youth Affairs Office
“To improve it in my opinion its implementation should be continuously monitored (…) feedback needs to be collected regularly for further improvements in the local context”Gosaye Legesse
“The tools give you responsibility and makes you take ownership on water and sanitation activities, it provides information how to consider equity and inclusion in the implementation of WASH activities. It guides you on whom to engage during planning, monitoring and collect feedback.” Mohammed Hussein, Head, District Health Office
Gosaye Legesse
Mohammed Hussein
EthiopiaTESTIMONIESThe tool supports individual staff to look at their motivation and interest
BANGLADESH
From high level recognition to local practice
Making Rights Real in BangladeshTHE CONTEXT
High level recognition
UN GENERAL ASSEMBLYBangladesh voted in favour of resolution 64/292, recognising water and sanitation as a human right
SDG 6Bangladesh pledged to achieve clean water and sanitation for all by 2030
Limited use in practice
LOCAL GOVERNMENTKnowledge gap in translating human rights principles to local context
CHALLENGES IN MOBILISING FINANCIAL & HUMAN RESOURCES • No separate budget line item for WASH• Lack of collaboration & coordination among
departments providing WASH and IWRM services
• Limited use of government’s subsidy for “ultra poor”
• Limited scope for participation of women and excluded groups
Mayor of Amtali Municipality is keen to use MRR guideline in their planning and monitoring
Additional Secretary and CSO Leader, Betagi Municipality, sharing experience on improving participation and sustainability
Making Rights Real in BangladeshUSE IN EXISTING PROGRAMMES TO REALISE SERVICES FOR ALL • WASH SDG Programme, with partners DORP & SLOPB• Watershed Programme
Ms. Ismar Ara Khanam, Social Services Officer in Bhola Sadar, is willing to know more about human rights and their application
Making Rights Real in BangladeshRESULTS SO FAR
UNDERSTANDINGUsing MRR process and materials in Simavi’sexisting programme helps to increase local government official’s understanding of HRWS
COLLABORATIONMRR is also used to increase collaboration among local government bodies and to clarify the roles of different departments
CONFIDENCEOfficials gain confidence in practicing human rights to water and sanitation, focusing on “leaving no on behind”
ACTIONFollowing the use of MRR, the Union Parishadallocated a separate WASH budget for women, PWD and marginalised groups
SCALEScope to scale up WASH programmes, using the MRR approach
BHUTAN
Prioritising practical implementation of the right to
sanitation for all
OPPORTUNITIES• Signatory to four UN resolutions on the
human rights to water & sanitation• Complementary national provisions
IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES • ‘Water’ prioritised over ‘sanitation’• Resource targeting to address last mile
challenges / aspirations for sanitation and hygiene is weak
BhutanLOCAL GOVERNMENT LEADERSHIP TO ENSURE ACCESS FOR ALL
BhutanCONSTITUTE NATIONAL TEAM & ALIGN STAKEHOLDER ASPIRATIONS
Harmonise
Engaged Ministry of Health and Ability Bhutan Society at the start
Strengthen national team capacity (w/ ISF-UTS)
Towards enabling local government‘s practical application of the human rights to water & sanitation
Towards recording changes in knowledge, attitude and practice (by national & local govt. & SNV)
Joint implementation & adaptive programming
Engage with MRR materials – review, adapt & plan how to utilise during one-on-one conversations with local government
Continuous monitoring & follow up in regular programming
BhutanBUILD LOCAL GOVERNMENT CAPACITY TO LEAD
Build/strengthen knowledge and capacity on: • Principles of the human rights to water and sanitation
• Conducting inclusive baseline assessments
• Use of MRR for one-on-one discussions
• Continuous monitoring and follow up
Results we aim to achieve: • Strengthened partnerships
• Strengthened capacities & knowledge for inclusive and participatory WASH
• Leading to collective ownership & effort to achieve sanitation for all
Making Rights Real
Recipe for success and what’s next
Making Rights Real: RECIPE FOR SUCCESS Inter-disciplinary
Human rights
Communication
WASH programming
Research
User centred designWe apply user centred design to find out what people in local organisations and local government think, feel and do – and how we can motivate them to tackle systemic challenges
Working with & through local NGOsWe work with and through local NGOs who have established working relationships with local government and know the “would-be-heroes” in local government who can drive change
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Making Rights Real: WHAT’S NEXT
Improving ease of use
OUR GOALAny organisation working with local government and an interest in human rights is able to use it requiring at most remote backstopping support from the international Making Rights Real partners.
Facilitating contextualisation
OUR GOALMake it easier for organisations to adapt the Making Rights Real approach to suit their specific contexts with minimal support from international Making Rights Real partners.
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www.making-rights-real.orgwww.human-rights-to-water-and-sanitation.org
About Making Rights Real: THE MAKING RIGHTS REAL CONSORTIUM
The Equitable Access Score-card
Understanding equitable accesschallenges to improve access for all
The Protocol key objectives:(a) Access to drinking water for everyone(b) Provision of sanitation for everyone
A specific focus on equitable access:
“Equitable access to water, adequate in terms both of quantity and of quality, should be provided for all members of the population, especially those who suffer a disadvantage or social exclusion” (art. 5)
An implementation strategy: Set targets & target dates, develop plan for achieving targets, public participation, monitoring and reporting
→ The Protocol: a practical instrument to progressively implement the human rights to water and sanitation and contribute to the SDGs achievement
The Protocol on Water and Health: A regional instrument to achieve equitable access to water and sanitation
The Protocol on Water and HealthPrompting progress in ensuring equitable access to water and sanitation
Equitable Access Action
Plan
Assess-ment tool
Good practices
1. Setting the framework
2. Assessing the situation
3. Definingaction
The Equitable Access Score-cardInequities to be fought on 3 fronts
Dimension Inequities in access to water and sanitation
Geographical disparities: water resources, WSS infrastructure
Certain areas of a country (rural areas, poor urban neighborhoods) have no physical access or have access of lower quality than other areas
Social disparities: vulnerable and marginalised groups
Within areas with good access, certain groups do not have access because they don’t have private facilities, the public and institutional facilities they rely on are not adequate, or suffer unintended or intended discrimination
Economic disparities: affordability issues
Within areas with good access, the water and sanitation bill represents too large a share of disposable income for some households
The Equitable Access Score-cardA tool to guide self-assessments of the situation
FRANCE
Equitable access action included in 2015-2019 National Plan on Health and
Environment. New law adopted to improve affordability of water and
sanitation services.
PORTUGAL
Affordability indicator included in the annual report of the water and
sanitation regulator
HUNGARY
National Building Code amended to reflect
minimum requirements and standards for
access to water and sanitation in buildings
SPAIN
7 public fountains installed in the city of
Castelló to guarantee access to drinking
water
UKRAINE
Amendments regarding sanitation incorporated
into the final version of the Drinking Water Law.
REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Plumbing systems built to supply safe
drinking water 24 hours a day to 67,000
villagers in rural areas.
SERBIA
Action plans (2019-2021) to ensure equitable access in the regions
of Sumadija and Pomoravljeb endorsed by Inter-ministerial Body
NORTH MACEDONIA
On-going improvement of facilities for menstrual
hygiene management in cafés, bars and restaurants
in Skopje in partnership with the professional union
BULGARIA
On-going development of a regulatory framework for
sanitation in schools by recently established national
Working Group under the Ministry of Health.
ARMENIA
National 2018-2020 Equitable Access Action Plan
endorsed. On-going revision of Water Code to include
definition of vulnerable and marginalized groups.
AZERBAIJAN
Water supply established in 316 rural and
urban secondary schools.
Improving equitable access to water & sanitation in the pan-European regionSelected measures taken to address gaps identified through equitable access self-assessments carried out in 2011-2019
Serbia
From a national target to a regional action plan to improveaccess for all
SERBIAImplementing the Protocol on Water and Health: a driving force to take actions to ensure equitable access to water and sanitation
➢ Protocol on Water and Health (ratified in 2013): implementation framework
➢ District level self-assessment of the situation of equitable access to water and sanitation: (Nov 2017)• Led by Ministry of Agriculture and Environmental Protection• Implemented by Regional Economic Development Agency for
Sumadija and Pomoravlje
2 phases of project implementation:• Phase 1: Assessment the equity of access to water and sanitation
services using the Equitable Access Score-card (6 months)• Phase 2: Definition of an equitable access action plan (6 months)
SERBIAMain findings of self-assessment of equitable access to water and sanitation
National level
Local level
Steering governance frameworks to deliver equitable access to water & sanitation
2,8 1,7
Reducing geographical disparities 1,9 1,2
Ensuring access for vulnerable and marginalized groups
1,9 2,2
Keeping water and sanitation affordable for all
0,9 1,0
The maximum score is 3
A need to:➢Reduce geographical disparities between rural /urban inhabitants➢ Develop and apply specific technical solutions in rural areas➢ Formally integrate approaches between social welfare and public utility companies ➢Share and replicate some good practices from some municipalities in other local communities➢ Integrate water and sanitation equity aspects into social protection strategies for vulnerable and marginalized groups
SERBIAMain impacts of applying the Equitable Access Score-Card under the Protocol on Water and health (1)
➢ Better understanding of situation and challenges of equitable access to water and sanitation among relevant stakeholders achieved.
➢ Key stakeholders to contribute to improving equitable access to water and sanitation identified (Ministries of Health and Environment, IPH, SEPA, Ombudsman, 10 local self-governments CSOs, media…)
➢Awareness on equitable access raised, incl. at national level.
➢ Comprehensive overview of existing national and local policy measures to address inequities in access to water and sanitation developed. Information and policy gaps to ensure equitable access to water and sanitation identified.
➢ 2019-2021 Equitable Access Action Plan was developed and endorsed, building on outcomes and main findings of self-assessment.
➢ Capacities raised at the local and national level for identifying and defining measures/activities directed to ensuring equitable access to water and sanitation
➢ Action plan informed the revision of the national targets set under the Protocol on Water and Health
➢ Commitment of relevant national ministries and agencies for implementing of the action plan (funding sources and responsibilities identified)
SERBIAMain impacts of applying the Equitable Access Score-Card under the Protocol on Water and health (2)
North Macedonia
Involving local stakeholders and the media to progress towardsequitable access
NORTH MACEDONIAAccess to water and sanitation - context and self-assessment of the situation of equitable access to water and sanitation
Access to water: 97% of the population (objective: 98% in 2020)
Access to centralized water supply systems operated by public utilities: 63.1% (1.3 million) - meet legal obligations for provision and control of safe drinking waterAccess to municipal water supply: 10.34%:, Access to local public water supply systems (rural areas): 22.7% - not always managed by public enterprisesAccess to local water supply facilities (public fountains, wells, springs, pumps and other individual water supply facilities): 3.86%
NORTH MACEDONIASelf-assessment of the situation of equitable access to water and sanitation
• Objective:
Find a way on how to implement equity in WaSH
Detect problem and find solution to solve it, not punish the municipalities!
• Focus:
- 3 communities
- Cover more than half of the population of North Macedonia
- Multiethnic
• Approach
- Multi stakeholders approach
- Cooperation with different targets groups, as well as with politicians at local and national levels
- Using the media (media campaign, billboard campaign, journalist training)
NORTH MACEDONIAMain findings of the self-assessment of equitable access to water and sanitation
☺
Detailed picture of the situation and good understanding of the needs Educated journalistsAwareness raised for staff working in local communitiesPublic toilets renovated / built in several locationsInitiation of a dialogue at national level on menstrual hygiene management
Lack of targeted financial resources to improve access to water and sanitation Missing wastewater treatment plant (except in the municipality of Kumanovo)Lack of menstrual hygiene management facilities in schools (except in one private school in Veles)Lack of access to drinking water and sanitation for homelessNo access to drinking water and sanitation in religious facilities
NORTH MACEDONIAUses of the findings of the self-assessment of equitable access to water and sanitation and impact
• Identify individual measures which should be prioritized for follow-up and for future evaluation of progress.
• Design targets and target dates under the Protocol on Water and Health.
• Shorter policy summary serves as a communication to reach top government officials and for communicating the results to the public through the mass media.
• Guerilla action for understanding and accepting the topic.
http://www.unece.org/env/water/pwh_text/text_protocol.htmlhttp://www.unece.org/env/water/pwh_work/equitable_access.html
About the Equitable Access Score-card and the Protocol on Water and Health
Co-Secretariat of the Protocol on Water and Health
Interactive discussion
Mobilising national and local governments for the human rights to water and sanitation
Making Rights Real
Ethiopia: Tseguereda Abraham
Get in touch with us
Bangladesh: Sabiha Siddique
Bhutan: Tshering Choden
MRR international partnersHannah Neumeyer, MRR team [email protected]
Thorsten Kiefer, CEO WASH [email protected]
Louisa Gosling, MRR team [email protected]
Protocol on Water and Health
Serbia: Dragana Jovanovic, Institute of Public
Health, [email protected]
Biljana Filipovic, Ministry of Environmental Protection, [email protected]
North Macedonia: Natasha Dokovska, JHR,
Co-Secretariat Protocol Water & HealthChantal Demilecamps, [email protected]
Diane Guerrier, [email protected]
Special Rapporteur on HRWSLeo Heller, [email protected]
