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Mineral & Vitamin Supplementation for Beef Cattle on pasture. Cost of Correcting Deficiencies. Why determine mineral & vitamin inadequacies, interactions , and toxicities?. Cellular level Act as co-factors, co-enzymes metabolic processes Structural component (bones/teeth) Nerve impulses - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Mineral & VitaminSupplementation
for Beef Cattle on pasture
Cost of Correcting Deficiencies
Supplement
Lb/hd/mo $/hd/mo
Mineral 7.5 lb(4oz intake)
$2.70
ProteinSuppl.
Cottonseed meal(1 lb/hd/d)
$3.15
EnergySuppl.
90 lb corn(3 lb/hd/d)
$8.33
Why determine mineral & vitamin inadequacies, interactions , and toxicities?Cellular level
Act as co-factors, co-enzymes metabolic processes
Structural component (bones/teeth)Nerve impulsesOsmotic balanceCo-transporters
Why determine mineral & vitamin inadequacies, interactions , and toxicities?Economic Level
Reduced reproductive performanceReduced growth rateSuppressed immune functionNutritional disorders
Milk feverGrass tetanyPEMWhite muscle diseaseGoiter
Is Something Going On We Can’t Always See?
Variation in mineral content of foragesSoil type,pH, soil nutrientsSeasonal variation
Spring season – cool season forages – Mg deficiency
Type forageCa: Legumes > grasses
Plant stage of maturity
Mineral Interactions Also Play A Role in Deficiencies.
Calcium - Phosphorus
Copper – Sulfur – Molybdenum
Copper – Iron
Copper - Zinc
Marco-Mineral Deficiencies ofArkansas Hay Samples
0102030405060708090
100
Calciu
m
Phosphor
us
Potas
sium
Mag
nesiu
mSulfu
r
Sodiu
m
Per
cen
t
Lact. Cow
500 lb calf
Micro-Mineral Deficiencies of Arkansas Hay Samples
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Iron
Man
ganes
eZin
c
Copper
Seleniu
m
Per
cen
t
Other minerals of importanceIodineCobalt Molybdenum
ABIP Blood Mineral Analysis Results
Mineral % Farms Inadequate
Mineral % Farms Inadequate
Ca 9.1 Fe 0
P 9.1 Cu 47.6
K 0 Se 66.7
Mg 0 Zn 0?
Na 0
ABIP Blood Mineral Analysis ResultsMineral % Cows
InadequateMineral % Cows
Inadequate
Ca 9.2 Fe 19
P 8.2 Cu 57
K 0 Se 65
Mg 10.2 Zn 7
Na 2.0