Dansk standard

DS/EN ISO 14001:2015

3. udgave 2015-09-15

Miljøledelsessystemer – Krav og

vejledning

Environmental management systems – Requirements with guidance for use (ISO 14001:2015)

DS-publikationstyper Dansk Standard udgiver forskellige publikationstyper. Typen på denne publikation fremgår af forsiden.

Der kan være tale om: Dansk standard • standard, der er udarbejdet på nationalt niveau, eller som er baseret på et andet lands nationale standard, eller• standard, der er udarbejdet på internationalt og/eller europæisk niveau, og som har fået status som dansk standardDS-information • publikation, der er udarbejdet på nationalt niveau, og som ikke har opnået status som standard, eller• publikation, der er udarbejdet på internationalt og/eller europæisk niveau, og som ikke har fået status som standard, fx en

teknisk rapport, eller• europæisk præstandardDS-håndbog • samling af standarder, eventuelt suppleret med informativt materialeDS-hæfte • publikation med informativt materiale

Til disse publikationstyper kan endvidere udgives • tillæg og rettelsesblade

DS-publikationsform Publikationstyperne udgives i forskellig form som henholdsvis

• fuldtekstpublikation (publikationen er trykt i sin helhed) • godkendelsesblad (publikationen leveres i kopi med et trykt DS-omslag) • elektronisk (publikationen leveres på et elektronisk medie)

DS-betegnelse Alle DS-publikationers betegnelse begynder med DS efterfulgt af et eller flere præfikser og et nr., fx DS 383, DS/EN 5414 osv. Hvis der efter nr. er angivet et A eller Cor, betyder det, enten at det er et tillæg eller et rettelsesblad til hovedstandarden, eller at det er indført i hovedstandarden. DS-betegnelse angives på forsiden.

Overensstemmelse med anden publikation: Overensstemmelse kan enten være IDT, EQV, NEQ eller MOD

• IDT: Når publikationen er identisk med en given publikation. • EQV: Når publikationen teknisk er i overensstemmelse med en given publikation, men

præsentationen er ændret. • NEQ: Når publikationen teknisk eller præsentationsmæssigt ikke er i overensstemmelse med en

given standard, men udarbejdet på baggrund af denne. • MOD: Når publikationen er modificeret i forhold til en given publikation.

DS/EN ISO 14001:2015 København DS projekt: M272700 ICS: 13.020.10

Første del af denne publikations betegnelse er: DS/EN ISO, hvilket betyder, at det er en international standard, der har status både som europæisk og dansk standard.

Denne publikations overensstemmelse er: IDT med: ISO 14001:2015. IDT med: EN ISO 14001:2015.

DS-publikationen er på dansk og engelsk. I tilfælde af tvivl om korrektheden af den danske oversættelse henvises til den engelske version.

Denne publikation erstatter: DS/EN ISO 14001:2004 og DS/EN ISO 14001/AC:2009.

Der er tilføjet danske fodnoter markeret med DK og nummeret. Fodnoterne er vejledende og udgør ikke en del af standarden.

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN ISO 14001

September 2015 ICS 13.020.10 Supersedes EN ISO 14001:2004

English Version Environmental management systems - Requirements with guidance for use (ISO 14001:2015) Systèmes de management environnemental - Exigences et lignes directrices pour son utilisation (ISO 14001:2015) Umweltmanagementsysteme - Anforderungen mit Anleitung zur Anwendung (ISO 14001:2015) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 September 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N E U R O P Ä I S C H E S K O M I T E E F Ü R N O R M U N G CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14001:2015 E

EN ISO 14001:2015 (E)

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Contents Page

European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 3

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DS/EN ISO 14001:2015 (DA)

Indholdsfortegnelse

SideEuropæisk forord .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

EN ISO 14001:2015 (E)

3

European foreword

This document (EN ISO 14001:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207 "Environmental management".

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2016.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document supersedes EN ISO 14001:2004.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

Endorsement notice

The text of ISO 14001:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14001:2015 without any modification.

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DS/EN ISO 14001:2015 (DA)

Europæisk forordDette dokument (EN ISO 14001:2015) er udarbejdet af teknisk komité ISO/TC 207, Environmental management.

Denne europæiske standard skal inden marts 2016 have status som national standard enten ved udgivelse af en iden-tisk tekst eller ved formel godkendelse, og modstridende nationale standarder skal være trukket tilbage senest marts 2016.

Der gøres opmærksom på, at dele af dette dokument kan være genstand for patentrettigheder. CEN [og/eller CENE-LEC] kan ikke drages til ansvar for at identificere sådanne rettigheder.

Dette dokument erstatter EN ISO 14001:2004.

Dette dokument er udarbejdet af CEN i henhold til et mandat fra Europa-Kommissionen og EFTA, og det underbygger væsentlige krav i ét eller flere EU-direktiver.

I henhold til CEN/CENELEC’s interne regler er de nationale standardiseringsorganisationer i følgende lande forplig-tet til at implementere denne europæiske standard: Belgien, Bulgarien, Cypern, Danmark, Den Tidligere Jugoslaviske Republik Makedonien, Estland, Finland, Frankrig, Grækenland, Irland, Island, Italien, Kroatien, Letland, Litauen, Luxembourg, Malta, Nederlandene, Norge, Polen, Portugal, Rumænien, Schweiz, Slovakiet, Slovenien, Spanien, Stor-britannien, Sverige, Tjekkiet, Tyrkiet, Tyskland, Ungarn og Østrig.

GodkendelseTeksten til ISO 14001:2015 er godkendt af CEN som EN ISO 14001:2015 uden ændringer.

© ISO 2015

Environmental management systems — Requirements with guidance for useSystèmes de management environnemental — Exigences et lignes directrices pour son utilisation

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD

ISO14001

Third edition2015-09-15

Reference numberISO 14001:2015(E)

ISO 14001:2015(E)

Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................vIntroduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................vi1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 12 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Termsanddefinitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3.1 Terms related to organization and leadership ............................................................................................................ 13.2 Terms related to planning ............................................................................................................................................................. 23.3 Terms related to support and operation ........................................................................................................................... 43.4 Terms related to performance evaluation and improvement ........................................................................ 5

4 Context of the organization ....................................................................................................................................................................... 64.1 Understanding the organization and its context ....................................................................................................... 64.2 Understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties .............................................................. 64.3 Determining the scope of the environmental management system ......................................................... 64.4 Environmental management system ................................................................................................................................... 7

5 Leadership .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 75.1 Leadership and commitment ..................................................................................................................................................... 75.2 Environmental policy ........................................................................................................................................................................ 75.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities.......................................................................................... 8

6 Planning ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 86.1 Actions to address risks and opportunities ................................................................................................................... 8

6.1.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 86.1.2 Environmental aspects ............................................................................................................................................... 96.1.3 Compliance obligations .............................................................................................................................................. 96.1.4 Planning action .................................................................................................................................................................. 9

6.2 Environmental objectives and planning to achieve them ...............................................................................106.2.1 Environmental objectives...................................................................................................................................... 106.2.2 Planning actions to achieve environmental objectives ................................................................10

7 Support ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................107.1 Resources .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 107.2 Competence ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 117.3 Awareness ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 117.4 Communication ................................................................................................................................................................................... 11

7.4.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 117.4.2 Internal communication ......................................................................................................................................... 127.4.3 External communication ........................................................................................................................................ 12

7.5 Documented information ............................................................................................................................................................ 127.5.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 127.5.2 Creating and updating ..............................................................................................................................................127.5.3 Control of documented information ............................................................................................................ 12

8 Operation ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................138.1 Operational planning and control ....................................................................................................................................... 138.2 Emergency preparedness and response ........................................................................................................................ 13

9 Performance evaluation ............................................................................................................................................................................149.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation ............................................................................................14

9.1.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 149.1.2 Evaluation of compliance ...................................................................................................................................... 14

9.2 Internal audit ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 159.2.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 159.2.2 Internal audit programme .................................................................................................................................... 15

9.3 Management review ........................................................................................................................................................................ 15

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Indholdsfortegnelse Side

Indholdsfortegnelse .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2Forord ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... vIndledning ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... vi1 Anvendelsesområde ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 12 Normative referencer ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Termer og definitioner .................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

3.1 Termer vedr. organisationer og lederskab ................................................................................................................................. 13.2 Termer vedr. planlægning .................................................................................................................................................................... 23.3 Termer vedr. støtteaktiviteter og -funktioner samt drift .................................................................................................... 43.4 Termer vedr. præstationsevaluering og forbedring .............................................................................................................. 5

4 Organisationens rammer og vilkår...................................................................................................................................................... 64.1 Forståelse af organisationen og dens rammer og vilkår ..................................................................................................... 64.2 Forståelse af interessenters behov og forventninger ........................................................................................................... 64.3 Fastlæggelse af miljøledelsessystemets omfang ..................................................................................................................... 64.4 Miljøledelsessystem ................................................................................................................................................................................ 7

5 Lederskab ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 75.1 Lederskab og forpligtelse ..................................................................................................................................................................... 75.2 Miljøpolitik ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 75.3 Roller, ansvar og beføjelser i organisationen............................................................................................................................. 8

6 Planlægning ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 86.1 Handlinger til adressering af risici og muligheder ................................................................................................................. 8

6.1.1 Generelt......................................................................................................................................................................................... 86.1.2 Miljøforhold ................................................................................................................................................................................ 96.1.3 Bindende forpligtelser .......................................................................................................................................................... 96.1.4 Planlægning af handlinger ................................................................................................................................................. 9

6.2 Miljømål og plan for at nå dem .......................................................................................................................................................... 106.2.1 Miljømål ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 106.2.2 Planlægning af handlinger med henblik på at nå miljømålene ..................................................................... 10

7 Støtteaktiviteter og -funktioner ............................................................................................................................................................. 107.1 Ressourcer .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 107.2 Kompetencer .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 117.3 Bevidsthed .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 117.4 Kommunikation ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 11

7.4.1 Generelt......................................................................................................................................................................................... 117.4.2 Intern kommunikation ......................................................................................................................................................... 127.4.3 Ekstern kommunikation ..................................................................................................................................................... 12

7.5 Dokumenteret information ................................................................................................................................................................ 127.5.1 Generelt......................................................................................................................................................................................... 127.5.2 Udarbejdelse og opdatering .............................................................................................................................................. 127.5.3 Styring af dokumenteret information .......................................................................................................................... 12

8 Drift ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 138.1 Driftsplanlægning og -styring ............................................................................................................................................................ 138.2 Nødberedskab og afværgeforanstaltninger .............................................................................................................................. 13

9 Præstationsevaluering .................................................................................................................................................................................. 149.1 Overvågning, måling, analyse og evaluering ............................................................................................................................. 14

9.1.1 Generelt......................................................................................................................................................................................... 149.1.2 Evaluering af overholdelse ................................................................................................................................................. 14

9.2 Intern audit .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 159.2.1 Generelt......................................................................................................................................................................................... 159.2.2 Internt auditprogram ............................................................................................................................................................ 15

9.3 Ledelsens evaluering .............................................................................................................................................................................. 15

ISO 14001:2015(E)

10 Improvement .........................................................................................................................................................................................................1610.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1610.2 Nonconformity and corrective action .............................................................................................................................. 1610.3 Continual improvement ............................................................................................................................................................... 17

Annex A (informative) Guidance on the use of this International Standard ............................................................18Annex B (informative) Correspondence between ISO 14001:2015 and ISO 14001:2004 .........................32Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................34Alphabetical index of terms .....................................................................................................................................................................................35

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10 Forbedring ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1610.1 Generelt .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1610.2 Afvigelse og korrigerende handling ............................................................................................................................................... 1610.3 Løbende forbedring ................................................................................................................................................................................ 17

Anneks A (informativt) Vejledning om anvendelse af denne internationale standard ........................................ 18Anneks B (informativt) Sammenhæng mellem ISO 14001:2015 og ISO 14001:2004 ........................................... 32Bibliografi ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 34Alfabetisk indeks over termer ............................................................................................................................................................................ 35

ISO 14001:2015(E)

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee SC 1, Environmental management systems.

This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 14001:2004), which has been technically revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 14001:2004/Cor.1:2009.

© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved v

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ForordISO (International Organization for Standardization) er en verdensomspændende sammenslutning af nationale stan-dardiseringsorganer (ISO’s medlemslande). Internationale standarder udarbejdes normalt af ISO's tekniske komité-er. Hvert medlemsland, som er interesseret i et emne, inden for hvilket der er oprettet en teknisk komité, har ret til at være repræsenteret i den pågældende komité. Internationale organisationer, både statslige og ikke-statslige, der har en samarbejdsaftale med ISO, deltager ligeledes i arbejdet. ISO samarbejder tæt med IEC (International Electrotech-nical Commission) i alle forhold vedrørende elektroteknisk standardisering.

De procedurer, der er anvendt ved udarbejdelsen af dette dokument, og de procedurer, der er beregnet til vedligehol-delse af dokumentet, er beskrevet i ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. Især bør de forskellige godkendelseskriterier, der er nødvendige for de forskellige typer ISO-dokumenter, bemærkes. Dette dokument er udarbejdet i overensstemmelse med de redaktionelle regler opstillet i ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (se www.iso.org/directives).

Der gøres opmærksom på, at dele af dette dokument kan være genstand for patentrettigheder. ISO kan ikke drages til ansvar for at identificere sådanne rettigheder. Detaljerede oplysninger om eventuelle patentrettigheder, der konsta-teres under udarbejdelsen af dette dokument, findes i Indledningen og/eller på ISO's liste over modtagne patent- erklæringer (se www.iso.org/patents).

Alle handelsnavne i dette dokument er oplysninger givet af hensyn til brugerne og indebærer ikke en godkendelse.

En forklaring på betydningen af ISO-specifikke termer og udtryk vedrørende overensstemmelseserklæring samt op-lysninger om ISO’s overholdelse af WTO-principperne vedrørende tekniske handelshindringer (TBT) findes på web-sitet: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

Den komité, der er ansvarlig for dette dokument, er teknisk komité ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, under-komité SC1, Environmental management systems.

Denne 3. udgave ophæver og erstatter 2. udgave (ISO 14001:2004), hvis indhold er blevet teknisk revideret. ISO 14001:2004/Cor.1:2009 er også indarbejdet.

ISO 14001:2015(E)

Introduction

0.1 Background

Achieving a balance between the environment, society and the economy is considered essential to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Sustainable development as a goal is achieved by balancing the three pillars of sustainability.

Societal expectations for sustainable development, transparency and accountability have evolved with increasingly stringent legislation, growing pressures on the environment from pollution, inefficient use of resources, improper waste management, climate change, degradation of ecosystems and loss of biodiversity.

This has led organizations to adopt a systematic approach to environmental management by implementing environmental management systems with the aim of contributing to the environmental pillar of sustainability.

0.2 Aim of an environmental management system

The purpose of this International Standard is to provide organizations with a framework to protect the environment and respond to changing environmental conditions in balance with socio-economic needs. It specifies requirements that enable an organization to achieve the intended outcomes it sets for its environmental management system.

A systematic approach to environmental management can provide top management with information to build success over the long term and create options for contributing to sustainable development by:

— protecting the environment by preventing or mitigating adverse environmental impacts;

— mitigating the potential adverse effect of environmental conditions on the organization;

— assisting the organization in the fulfilment of compliance obligations;

— enhancing environmental performance;

— controlling or influencing the way the organization’s products and services are designed, manufactured, distributed, consumed and disposed by using a life cycle perspective that can prevent environmental impacts from being unintentionally shifted elsewhere within the life cycle;

— achieving financial and operational benefits that can result from implementing environmentally sound alternatives that strengthen the organization’s market position;

— communicating environmental information to relevant interested parties.

This International Standard, like other International Standards, is not intended to increase or change an organization’s legal requirements.

0.3 Success factors

The success of an environmental management system depends on commitment from all levels and functions of the organization, led by top management. Organizations can leverage opportunities to prevent or mitigate adverse environmental impacts and enhance beneficial environmental impacts, particularly those with strategic and competitive implications. Top management can effectively address its risks and opportunities by integrating environmental management into the organization’s business processes, strategic direction and decision making, aligning them with other business priorities, and incorporating environmental governance into its overall management system. Demonstration of successful implementation of this International Standard can be used to assure interested parties that an effective environmental management system is in place.

Adoption of this International Standard, however, will not in itself guarantee optimal environmental outcomes. Application of this International Standard can differ from one organization to another

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Indledning

0.1 BaggrundAt opnå en balance mellem miljø, samfund og økonomi anses for vigtigt for at opfylde de nuværende behov uden at bringe fremtidige generationers muligheder for at opfylde deres behov i fare. Bæredygtig udvikling som mål nås ved at skabe balance mellem de tre søjler for bæredygtighed.

Samfundets forventninger til bæredygtig udvikling, gennemsigtighed og ansvarlighed har udviklet sig i takt med sta-digt strengere lovgivning, stigende pres på miljøet fra forurening, ineffektiv udnyttelse af ressourcer, forkert affalds-håndtering, klimaforandringer, nedbrydning af økosystemer og tab af biodiversitet.

Dette har fået organisationer til at indføre en systematisk tilgang til miljøledelse ved at implementere miljøledelses-systemer med den hensigt at bidrage til den miljømæssige søjle for bæredygtighed.

0.2 Formålet med et miljøledelsessystemFormålet med denne internationale standard er at skabe rammerne for, at organisationer kan beskytte miljøet og rea-gere på forandringer i miljømæssige omstændigheder på en måde, der er i balance med socioøkonomiske behov. I standarden fastlægges krav, som gør en organisation i stand til at nå de tilsigtede resultater, den opstiller for sit miljø-ledelsessystem.

En systematisk tilgang til miljøledelse kan skaffe topledelsen oplysninger med henblik på at opnå fremgang på lang sigt og skabe muligheder for at bidrage til bæredygtig udvikling ved:

– at beskytte miljøet ved at forebygge eller afbøde ugunstige miljøpåvirkninger

– at afbøde potentielt ugunstige miljømæssige omstændigheders indvirkning på organisationen

– at hjælpe organisationen med at opfylde sine bindende forpligtelser

– at forbedre miljøpræstationen

– at styre eller påvirke den måde, hvorpå organisationens produkter og ydelser udformes, fremstilles, distribueres, forbruges og bortskaffes, ved anvendelse af et livscyklusperspektiv, der kan forhindre, at miljøpåvirkninger util-sigtet flyttes til et andet sted i livscyklussen

– at opnå økonomiske og driftsmæssige fordele, der kan være et resultat af at implementere miljømæssigt fornufti-ge alternativer, som styrker organisationens markedsposition

– at kommunikere miljøinformation til relevante interessenter.

Det er med denne internationale standard, som med andre internationale standarder, ikke hensigten at øge eller æn-dre lovkravene til en organisation.

0.3 SuccesfaktorerEt miljøledelsessystems succes afhænger af, at alle niveauer og funktioner i organisationen med topledelsen forrest forpligter sig til det. Organisationer kan åbne op for muligheder for at forebygge eller afbøde ugunstige miljøpåvirk-ninger og forbedre gunstige miljøpåvirkninger, især miljøpåvirkninger med strategisk og konkurrencemæssig betyd-ning. Topledelsen kan effektivt adressere risici og muligheder ved at integrere miljøledelse i organisationens forret-ningsprocesser, strategiske retning og beslutningstagen, samordne dem med andre forretningsmæssige prioriteter og indarbejde miljøforvaltning i det overordnede ledelsessystem. Hvis der kan påvises en vellykket implementering af denne internationale standard, kan dette bruges til at vise interessenterne, at der er indført et effektivt miljøledel-sessystem.

Det vil dog ikke i sig selv være en garanti for optimale miljømæssige resultater at følge denne internationale standard. Anvendelse af denne internationale standard kan være forskellig fra organisation til organisation på grund af organi-

ISO 14001:2015(E)

due to the context of the organization. Two organizations can carry out similar activities but can have different compliance obligations, commitments in their environmental policy, environmental technologies and environmental performance goals, yet both can conform to the requirements of this International Standard.

The level of detail and complexity of the environmental management system will vary depending on the context of the organization, the scope of its environmental management system, its compliance obligations, and the nature of its activities, products and services, including its environmental aspects and associated environmental impacts.

0.4 Plan-Do-Check-Act model

The basis for the approach underlying an environmental management system is founded on the concept of Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA). The PDCA model provides an iterative process used by organizations to achieve continual improvement. It can be applied to an environmental management system and to each of its individual elements. It can be briefly described as follows.

— Plan: establish environmental objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with the organization’s environmental policy.

— Do: implement the processes as planned.

— Check: monitor and measure processes against the environmental policy, including its commitments, environmental objectives and operating criteria, and report the results.

— Act: take actions to continually improve.

Figure 1 shows how the framework introduced in this International Standard could be integrated into a PDCA model, which can help new and existing users to understand the importance of a systems approach.

Figure 1 — Relationship between PDCA and the framework in this International Standard

0.5 Contents of this International Standard

This International Standard conforms to ISO’s requirements for management system standards. These requirements include a high level structure, identical core text, and common terms with core definitions, designed to benefit users implementing multiple ISO management system standards.

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sationens rammer og vilkår. To organisationer kan udføre aktiviteter af samme karakter, men have forskellige bin-dende forpligtelser i forbindelse med deres miljøpolitik, miljøteknologi og miljøpræstationsmål, og dog begge opfylde kravene i denne internationale standard.

Miljøledelsessystemets detaljeringsniveau og kompleksitet varierer afhængigt af organisationens rammer og vilkår, omfanget af dens miljøledelsessystem, dens bindende forpligtelser og arten af dens aktiviteter, produkter og ydelser, herunder dens miljøforhold og afledte miljøpåvirkninger.

0.4 Plan-Do-Check-Act-modelUdgangspunktet for den tilgang, der ligger til grund for et miljøledelsessystem, hviler på begrebet Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA). PDCA-modellen tilvejebringer en iterativ proces, der anvendes af organisationer til at opnå løbende forbed-ring. Den kan anvendes til et miljøledelsessystem og til hver af de enkelte elementer i det. PDCA kan kort beskrives som følger:

– Plan: opstille de miljømål og -processer, der er nødvendige for at levere resultater i overensstemmelse med orga-nisationens miljøpolitik.

– Do: gennemføre processerne som planlagt.

– Check: overvåge og måle processer i forhold til miljøpolitikken, inklusive forpligtelser, miljømål og driftskriterier samt rapportere resultaterne.

– Act: iværksætte handlinger med henblik på løbende forbedring.

Figur 1 viser, hvordan rammerne i denne internationale standard kan integreres i en PDCA-model, som kan hjælpe nye og nuværende brugere med at forstå vigtigheden af en systemtilgang.

Figur 1 – Sammenhængen mellem PDCA og rammerne i denne internationale standard

0.5 Indhold i denne internationale standardDenne internationale standard er i overensstemmelse med ISO's krav til standarder for ledelsessystemer. Disse krav omfatter en højniveaustruktur, identisk fællestekst og fælles termer med fælles definitioner, som er udformet til gavn for brugere, der implementerer flere ISO-standarder for ledelsessystemer.

Organisationens rammer og vilkårInterne og eksterne

spørgsmål

Interessenters behov og

forventningerMiljøledelsessystemets omfang

Plan- lægning

For- bedring Lederskab

Støtte- aktiviteter

og -funktio-ner samt

drift

Præsta- tions-

evaluering

Tilsigtede resultater af miljø- ledelsessystemet

ISO 14001:2015(E)

This International Standard does not include requirements specific to other management systems, such as those for quality, occupational health and safety, energy or financial management. However, this International Standard enables an organization to use a common approach and risk-based thinking to integrate its environmental management system with the requirements of other management systems.

This International Standard contains the requirements used to assess conformity. An organization that wishes to demonstrate conformity with this International Standard can do so by:

— making a self-determination and self-declaration, or

— seeking confirmation of its conformance by parties having an interest in the organization, such as customers, or

— seeking confirmation of its self-declaration by a party external to the organization, or

— seeking certification/registration of its environmental management system by an external organization.

Annex A provides explanatory information to prevent misinterpretation of the requirements of this International Standard. Annex B shows broad technical correspondence between the previous edition of this International Standard and this edition. Implementation guidance on environmental management systems is included in ISO 14004.

In this International Standard, the following verbal forms are used:

— “shall” indicates a requirement;

— “should” indicates a recommendation;

— “may” indicates a permission;

— “can” indicates a possibility or a capability.

Information marked as “NOTE” is intended to assist the understanding or use of the document. “Notes to entry” used in Clause 3 provide additional information that supplements the terminological data and can contain provisions relating to the use of a term.

The terms and definitions in Clause 3 are arranged in conceptual order, with an alphabetical index provided at the end of the document.

viii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

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DS/EN ISO 14001:2015 (DA)

Denne internationale standard indeholder ikke krav, der er specifikke for andre ledelsessystemer, såsom særlige krav til kvalitetsledelse, arbejdsmiljøledelse, energiledelse eller økonomistyring. Med denne internationale standard bli-ver det imidlertid muligt for organisationer at anvende en fælles tilgang og risikobaseret tankegang til at integrere deres miljøledelsessystem med andre ledelsessystemers krav.

Denne internationale standard indeholder de krav, der anvendes til at vurdere overensstemmelse. En organisation, der ønsker at påvise overensstemmelse med denne international standard, kan gøre dette ved:

– at foretage en egenvurdering og en egenerklæring eller

– at søge bekræftelse på sin overensstemmelse med standarden fra parter med interesse i organisationen, som fx kunder, eller

– at søge bekræftelse på sin egenerklæring fra en part uden for organisationen eller

– at sørge for, at en ekstern virksomhed certificerer miljøledelsessystemet.

Anneks A indeholder forklarende information med det formål at forhindre fejlfortolkning af kravene i denne interna-tionale standard. Anneks B viser bred teknisk overensstemmelse mellem den tidligere udgave af denne internatio-nale standard og denne udgave. Vejledning i implementering af miljøledelsessystemer indgår i ISO 14004.

I denne internationale standard anvendes følgende verbalformer:

– "skal" udtrykker et krav

– "bør" udtrykker en anbefaling

– "kan" udtrykker en tilladelse

– "kan" udtrykker en mulighed eller en evne. DK1)

Oplysninger, der er angivet som "NOTE", er beregnet til at lette forståelsen eller brugen af dokumentet. "Note til term", der er anvendt i pkt. 3 giver yderligere oplysninger, som supplerer de terminologiske data, og kan indeholde bestem-melser vedrørende brugen af en term.

Termerne og definitioner i pkt. 3 er opstillet i begrebsorden, og sidst i dokumentet findes et alfabetisk indeks.

––––––––––DK1) Som det fremgår, har udtrykket "kan" været dækkende i den danske oversættelse af DS/EN ISO 14001:2015 for både "may"og "can".

Environmental management systems — Requirements with guidance for use

1 Scope

This International Standard specifies the requirements for an environmental management system that an organization can use to enhance its environmental performance. This International Standard is intended for use by an organization seeking to manage its environmental responsibilities in a systematic manner that contributes to the environmental pillar of sustainability.

This International Standard helps an organization achieve the intended outcomes of its environmental management system, which provide value for the environment, the organization itself and interested parties. Consistent with the organization’s environmental policy, the intended outcomes of an environmental management system include:

— enhancement of environmental performance;

— fulfilment of compliance obligations;

— achievement of environmental objectives.

This International Standard is applicable to any organization, regardless of size, type and nature, and applies to the environmental aspects of its activities, products and services that the organization determines it can either control or influence considering a life cycle perspective. This International Standard does not state specific environmental performance criteria.

This International Standard can be used in whole or in part to systematically improve environmental management. Claims of conformity to this International Standard, however, are not acceptable unless all its requirements are incorporated into an organization’s environmental management system and fulfilled without exclusion.

2 Normative references

There are no normative references.

3 Termsanddefinitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1 Terms related to organization and leadership

3.1.1management systemset of interrelated or interacting elements of an organization (3.1.4) to establish policies and objectives (3.2.5) and processes (3.3.5) to achieve those objectives

Note 1 to entry: A management system can address a single discipline or several disciplines (e.g. quality, environment, occupational health and safety, energy, financial management).

Note 2 to entry: The system elements include the organization’s structure, roles and responsibilities, planning and operation, performance evaluation and improvement.

Note 3 to entry: The scope of a management system can include the whole of the organization, specific and identified functions of the organization, specific and identified sections of the organization, or one or more functions across a group of organizations.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14001:2015(E)

© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 1

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DS/EN ISO 14001:2015 (DA)

Miljøledelsessystemer – Krav og vejledning

1 AnvendelsesområdeI denne internationale standard fastlægges krav til et miljøledelsessystem, som en organisation kan anvende for at forbedre sin miljøpræstation. Det er hensigten med denne internationale standard, at den skal anvendes af organisa-tioner, der ønsker at lede deres miljømæssige ansvar på en systematisk måde, som bidrager til den miljømæssige søjle for bæredygtighed.

Denne internationale standard hjælper organisationer til at nå de resultater, der tilsigtes med deres miljøledelsessy-stem, og som skaber værdi for miljøet, organisationen selv og interessenterne. I overensstemmelse med organisatio-nens miljøpolitik omfatter de tilsigtede resultater med et miljøledelsessystem:

– forbedring af miljøpræstationen

– opfyldelse af bindende forpligtelser

– opfyldelse af miljømål.

Denne internationale standard kan anvendes af enhver organisation, uanset størrelse, type og art, og den gælder for miljøforhold i forbindelse med organisationens aktiviteter, produkter og ydelser, som organisationen enten kan styre eller påvirke ud fra et livscyklusperspektiv. I denne internationale standard er der ikke angivet specifikke kriterier for miljøpræstationen.

Denne internationale standard kan anvendes i sin helhed eller i uddrag til systematisk at forbedre miljøledelsen. En påstand om overensstemmelse med denne internationale standard kan dog kun accepteres, hvis alle standardens krav er indarbejdet i en organisations miljøledelsessystem og er opfyldt uden undtagelse.

2 Normative referencerDer er ingen normative referencer.

3 Termer og definitionerI dette dokument gælder følgende termer og definitioner.

3.1 Termer vedr. organisationer og lederskab

3.1.1ledelsessystemsæt af indbyrdes forbundne eller samspillende elementer i en organisation (3.1.4), der anvendes til at fastlægge poli-tikker og mål (3.2.5) og processer (3.3.5) for at opfylde disse mål

Note 1 til term: Et ledelsessystem kan vedrøre en enkelt disciplin eller flere discipliner (fx kvalitetsledelse, miljøledelse, arbejds-miljøledelse, energiledelse, økonomistyring).

Note 2 til term: Systemelementerne omfatter organisationens struktur, roller og ansvar, planlægning og drift, præstationsevalu-ering samt forbedringer.

Note 3 til term: Omfanget af et ledelsessystem kan dække hele organisationen, specifikke og identificerede funktioner i organi-sationen, specifikke og identificerede dele af organisationen, eller en eller flere funktioner på tværs af en gruppe organisationer.