Migration and Travel to Workin the Glasgow Conurbation 1991-2001

Jan Freeke

Glasgow City Council

Difficulties in Comparison 1991 and 2001

• Importance of context• Start asylum seeker contract in 2000/2001, high rate of imputation• Migration: origin value one year ago can be different from current

destination value (e.g. tenure and economic status)• Students counted at home address in 1991 and at term-time address in

2001• Uncertainty on travel to place-of-work or place-of-study for full-time

students in employment• Only 10% of workplace addresses coded in 1991• Different social classification: Social class and SEG in 1991 and NSec in

2001

Migration: Summary of Findings2001 migration pattern Glasgow and rest of conurbation

Glasgow City

Loses short distance migrantsGains long distance migrants

Gains 16-29 year old

Gains students/loses employedretired/other econ. inactive residents

Loses familiesGains people living on their own

Loses owner occupiersGains private renters

Rest of Conurbation

Gains short distance migrantsLoses long distance migrants

Gains children, 30-44 year old and pensioners

Loses students and employed residents

Gains familiesLoses people living on their own

Gains owner occupiers

Evidence suggests little change over 1991-2001

Travel-to-Work – General Context

Change in number of employed working in:• Glasgow +1% including FT students +8%• Rest GCV +4% including FT students +8%• GCV +3% including FT students +8%

Employment in conurbation• Share of Glasgow employment from 44.5% in 1991 to 43.6% in 2001• Share of Glasgow residents from 28.3% in 1991 to 27.6% in 2001

from/to rest GCV from/to outside GCVInto Glasgow +0% +24%Out of Glasgow +8% +18%

Increase in long distance commutingNet in-commuting: decrease with rest GCV and increase with outside GCV

area

Travel-to-Work – Industry (1)

Travel-to-Work – Industry (2)

Travel-to-Work – Industry (3)

Changes 1991-2001

Mining, Manufacturing and Utilities

Change of number of employed working in:

Glasgow -34% -17,100

Rest GCV -22% -21,600

GCV -26% -38,700

Employment in GCV area:

Share of employment in Glasgow from 34% in 1991 to 30% in 2001

Share of Glasgow residents from 23% in 1991 to 20% in 2001

Travel-to-Work – Industry (4)

Changes 1991-2001

Banking, Finance, Insurance, Business Services and Leasing

Change of number of employed working in:

Glasgow +49% +22,600

Rest GCV +104% +26,400

GCV +69% +49,000

Employment in GCV area:

Share of employment in Glasgow from 64% in 1991 to 57% in 2001

Share of Glasgow residents from 29% in 1991 to 30% in 2001

Travel-to-Work – Social Class (1)

Travel-to-Work – Social Class (2)

Travel-to-Work – Social Class (3)

Changes 1991-2001

Professional, etc. Occupations

Change of number of employed working in:

Glasgow +17% +3,300

Rest GCV +7% +1,100

GCV +13% +4,400

Employment in GCV area:

Share of employment in Glasgow from 58% in 1991 to 60% in 2001

Share of Glasgow residents from 29% in 1991 to 34% in 2001

Travel-to-Work – Social Class (4)

Changes 1991-2001

Unskilled Occupations

Change of number of employed working in:

Glasgow -35% -6,800

Rest GCV -23% -6,800

GCV -28% -13,600

Employment in GCV area:

Share of employment in Glasgow from 40% in 1991 to 36% in 2001

Share of Glasgow residents from 36% in 1991 to 31% in 2001

Travel-to-Work – Social Class (5)Difference actual minus average employed Glasgow Residents by Social Class

1991

2001

Travel-to-Work – Age (1)

Travel-to-Work – Age (2)

Travel-to-Work – Age (3)

Changes 1991-2001

Age 60+

Change of number of employed working in:

Glasgow -17% -2,400

Rest GCV +11% +1,800

GCV -2% -600

Employment in GCV area:

Share of employment in Glasgow from 46% in 1991 to 39% in 2001

Share of Glasgow residents from 33% in 1991 to 25% in 2001

Travel to Work: Summary of FindingsCommuting pattern Glasgow and rest of conurbation

Changes 1991-2001

Glasgow residents: • Lower share of manufacturing employment• Slightly higher share of financial services employment• Higher share of professional occupations• Lower share of unskilled occupations• Fewer elderly (age 60+) in the workforce

Changes affect the geographical pattern of commuting with:• a reduced net inflow from East Dunbartonshire and East Renfrewshire• a greater net inflow from West Dunbartonshire and Renfrewshire