Mid Session

8/9/2019 Mid Session

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COMPANY PROFILEEEAST offers world-class software development and Embedded SystemDevelopment from India to companies across the world. Focused to provideIT enabled services at lower costs without compromising on quality, EEASThas expertise in customized E-commerce website solution and software

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PLC AND SCADA SYSTEM

PLC - PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER

SCADA SUPERVISIORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISTIONSYSTEM


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WHAT IS P.L.C ??Automation of many different processes, such as controlling

machines, basic relay control, motion control, process control is done

through the use of small computers called a programmable logic controller

(PLC).

This is actually a control device that consists of a programmable

microprocessor, and is programmed using a specialized computer

language.

A modern programmable logic controller is usually programmed

in any one of several languages, ranging from ladder logic to Basic or C.

Typically, the program is written in a development environment

on a personal computer (PC), and then is downloaded onto theprogrammable logic controller directly through a cable connection.

Programmable logic controllers contain a variable number of

Input/output (I/O) ports

The programmable logic controller circuitry monitors the status

of multiple sensor inputs, which control output


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ARCHITECTUREOFPLC


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PARTSOFPLCPower supply :-PLC need 24 V D.C power supply for its working.

This PLC get either from internal power supply orexternal source. SMPS is used.

MCU:- Its is processor of PLC

I\P& O\P:- PLC has a set of isolated input & output

Expansion port:- In some PLC we have an expansion port which isused for addition of either input or output port

Memory module:- memory module is provided to store program. Beside

this an external module is also provide which serves asbackup in case of fault

Communication port:- This port is provided are used to communicate withcomputer. It may be com part or Ethernet etc.

Display:- In some PLC we have display LCD or in some we

LED indicator


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SERIALNO. INFORMATION


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CommunicationPoint-to-PointRS-232 communication port configurable for direct connection to

your programming device.

DF1, half-duplexRS-232 communication port configurable for DF1 half-duplex

slave protocol for connection to a modem in SCADA applications

DH-485RS-232 communication port configurable for DH-485 communication

through an AIC+ (1761-NET-AIC) converter. Lets you communicate with SLC 500processors, other MicroLogix controllers, operator interfaces, or programming

devices in a DH-485 network


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PANEL OF 1000(1764- LIOBXB)


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1100 MICROLOGIXWith online editing and a built-in 10/100 Mbps Ethernet/IP port for peer-

to-peer messaging the MicroLogix 1100 controller adds greater connectivity

and application coverage to the MicroLogix family of Allen-Bradley

controllers. There are 10 digital inputs, 6 digital outputs, and 2 analog inputs

on every controller, with the ability to add digital, analog, RTD, and

thermocouple modules to customize the controller for your application. Onversions of the controller with DC inputs, there is a high-speed counter, and

on the DC output version


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BENEFIT

Online Editingmodifications can be made to a program while it is

running, making fine tuning of an operating control system possible,

including PID loops. Not only does this feature reduce development

time, but it aids in troubleshooting.

Built-in LCDlets you monitor data within the controller,

optionally modify that data and interact with the control program.The LCD displays status for embedded digital I/O and controller

functions, and acts as a pair of digital trim pots to allow a user to

tweak and tune a program.

Ethernet/IP Portfor peer-to-peer messaging offers users high-

speed connectivity between controllers and the ability to access,monitor and program from the factory floor to anywhere an Ethernet

connection is available.

Isolated RS-232/RS-485 combo portprovides a host of different

point-to-point and network protocols


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FEATURESOne embedded 20 kHz high-speed counter (on controllers with DCinputs)The built-in independent high-speed counter uses 32-bit

integers for extended range, features 8 modes of operation, and

supports direct control of outputs independent of program scan.

Two 20 kHz high-speed PTO/PWM outputs (on controllers with DC

outputs).

Digital trim potentiometersAllow quick and easy adjustments oftimers, counters, set points, and more.

Program data securityData file download protection lets a

program be reloaded into the controller without overwriting

protected data.

Memory modules

Memory backup provides protection and

transportability for programs and data.

Four interrupt inputsInterrupt inputs let the controller scan a

specific program file (subroutine) when an input condition is detected

from a sensor or field device.

Real-Time Clockembedded in every controller


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Expansion I/O Modules

If an application requires more I/O than the built-in I/O providedby the MicroLogix 1100 controller, you can connect up to four 1762

expansion I/O modules to the MicroLogix 1100 controller to provide

expanded I/O capacity. You can use digital and analog I/O modules in

many combinations. The current loading capacity of the controllers

built-in power supply may limit the number of I/O modules that canbe connected to the controller.

MicroLogix 1100 expansion I/O modules include an integral high-

performance I/O bus. Software keying prevents incorrect positioning

within the system.

You may install expansion I/O modules to the right of the

MicroLogix 1100 controller either on a panel with two mounting

screws or on a DIN rail. Each expansion I/O module includes finger-

safe terminal blocks for I/O wiring and a label to record I/O terminal

designations


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MicroLogix Memory ModuleThe 1763-MM1 Memory Module allows:

User programs and data to be stored as backup

Transport programs for use with other

controllers

Special safety/security features for presscontrol and other critical applications

Auto-recovery, through a power cycle, after a

controller fault

Comparison of programs

Data file and memory module write protection

Removal/insertion under power


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COM PORT & RS 232

A COM port is serial port used for half duplex & full duplex

communication. This port consist of 9 pin. This port is mainly

used for communication in PLC. But due to serial

communication that data transmit speed is slow only upto 20Kb\s

RS-232 devices may be classified as Data Terminal

Equipment (DTE) or Data Communications Equipment

(DCE); this defines at each device which wires will besending and receiving each signal


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PIN PURPOSE SIGNAL NAME

Pin 1 Data Carrier Detect DCD

Pin 2 Received Data RxData

Pin 3 Transmitted Data TxData

Pin 4 Data Terminal Ready DTR

Pin 5 Signal Ground Gnd

Pin 6 Data Set Ready DSR

Pin 7 Request To Send RTSPin 8 Clear To Send CTS

Pin 9 Ring Indicator RI


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TYPES OFINPUTS/ OUTPUTS

USER TYPE: These are the inputs and outputs that are physicallypresent and are practically to the inputs andoutputs of the PLC.

BIT TYPE: These are the inputs and outputs that are notphysically present and are functional in thePLC only. These inputs/outputs are basicallyused to drive each other in the ladder logic

programming


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INPUTSXIC (Examine if closed

I/PI/P O/PO/P

00 00

11 11


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XIO ( Examine if open)

I/PI/P O/PO/P

00 11

11 00


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TIMERSTimers are used to perform the

timing operations.

Timebase is the minimum value of

time in second that can be taken by

the timer.

Preset value is the total number of

the seconds for which the timing

operation has to be done

Accumulator starts increasing the

time in seconds upto the preset value.

Upto the preset value of the

accumulator the enable bit of timer ishigh & the timer runs.

When accumulator reaches the

preset value then the timer stops and

the done bit of the timer becomes high


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RETENTIVE TIMER ON (RTO)

This is very important instructionin ladder logicThis instruction is same as timerTON.

But unlike timer when it hasstarted timing process it holds thecount if there is a fault or there is apower failure.When the fault is removed orpower supply is restored then RTO

will start the timing from theaccumulated value of time whichwas held when the continuity wasfailed.


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TIMER BITS

EN- Enable- This bit will high when the input

is given to the timer

TT - Timer timing bit - This bit will be high

during the timing process.

DN Done This bit will be high when the

timing process is ended


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COUNTERSCounters are used to count the

number of operations.Its function is same as the

timer excepts that the timer counts the number of seconds

and the counter counts thenumber of operations or pulses

At each operation the value ofthe accumulator increases andwhen the value of theaccumulator comes to the preset

value of the counter then thecounter stops


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EQUAL

The condition is true

when the two values

entered are equal.

Then this instructionwill be energized &

will energies

everything that is

connected next to it


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GREATER THAN EQUAL TO

This instruction compares

two values and will be

high when the counted

value becomes equal to orgreater than the fixed value

and will energise the

everything that is



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LESS THAN EQUAL TO

This instruction compares

two values and will be

high when the counted

value becomes equal to orless than the fixed value

and will energies the

everything that is



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GREATER THAN

This instruction compares thetwo user specified values andwill remain high when thecounted value becomesgreater than the fixed valueand will energise everythingthat is connected next to it

This instruction becomesfalse when the counted valueis less than or equal to the

counted value.


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LESS THAN

This instruction compares the

two user specified values and

will remain high when the

counted value becomes less than

the fixed value and will energizeeverything that is connected

next to it

This instruction becomes false

when the counted value is more

than or equal to the counted

value.


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LIMIT

This command is used to drive an

output within a specified range of

time.

In this instruction we have to give

the two values. One is lower limit& other is high limit.

Lower limit is the value of time

after this instruction will be true

& high limit is the max value

upto which this instructionremains high.


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RESET

This instruction is used to

reset the program after the

necessary operations have

been performedThe address to this

instruction is given as the

same as the counter/timer

whose operation is to be

reset.


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LADDER LOGIC

Ladder logic is mainly used forPLC programming.Ladder logic programming isdifferent from other methods of

programming.In this we have to mage logics asper the requirements & have toimplement them.In ladder logic at the left handside there is input and at the

right habd side there is outputand in between the controlcomponents are used.


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SIMPLE LADDER LOGIC


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HANDHELD PROGRAMMER


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STARTINGWITHRSLOGIX5000


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START/STOP LOGIX


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SIMPLE TIMING OPERATION


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CLEAR INSTRUCTION


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COUNTERWITHINSTRUCTIONS


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TIMER

Make a program in which a timer is used with three output

during fast 5 sec the fast output is turn on

During the 6 to 10 sec second output is on

During the 11 to 20 sec third output is on After 20 sec the timer is reset


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BOTTLING PLANT

Made a program for bottling plant for satisfy the

condition of bottling plant

each bottle is fail in 7 sec. So an electromagnet valve

should be operated for such period

after this the conveyer is move for 2 sec so that nextbottle come under the valve

in know condition like light fail or fault, the timer

should not be reset itself. Unless whole process is

completed

The loop is follow again & again


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MULTIPLE SENSOR PROGRAM

Made a program for car safety. The program only allowto start the car when following condition are satisfy All doors of car are close the driver wear his seat belt

The wireless key is in the carIn case of any condition describe above are not

statify the car does not start, also the require indicationis blow in car.


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SEQUENTIAL OPERATION

Make a program in which you have one motor & one

pump. The system has following feature

on starting the circuit, motor will run after 15 second

of pump on

Also after sending the stop command the pump willstop after 15 sec of motor stop


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Direction sensor problem

In a casting machine a die move to & for . There are three

Infra red sensor is placed near the die. Make a program

that tell the direction & place of Die after it move


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FAULTHANDLNG IN PLC

In PLC automatic fault handling program run. This program isknown user interface program. This program will check therunning program comparing the store memory program. Duringthe fault like erase of some data, voltage interrupt etc the programwill generate an interrupt program called RECOVER. This willdetect the fault. There are two bit under this instruction A & B.When A become true then the this program will interrupted theexpression & start locating other addressing n[n[0]+10. when Bbecome true then the value of n[0] become negative. Due to thisnegative value, the program in PLC is erased & this bit is reset tozero. Also a zero interrupt is executed, which stop the program.


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Documents

Mid Session