Metals

Semiconductor Materials

Ceramics

Polymers

Synthetic BIOMATERIALS

Orthopedic screws/fixation

Dental Implants Dental Implants

Heart valves

Bone replacements

BiosensorsImplantable Microelectrodes

Skin/cartilageDrug Delivery Devices

Ocular implants

Biomaterial ScienceBiomaterial Science

Bileaflet Heart ValvesBileaflet Heart Valves

Dental ImplantsDental Implants

Intraocular LensesIntraocular Lenses

Implantation often performed on Implantation often performed on outpatient basis.outpatient basis.

Vascular GraftsVascular Grafts

Must Be Flexible.Must Be Flexible. Designed With Designed With

Open Porous Open Porous Structure.Structure.

Often Recognized Often Recognized By Body As By Body As Foreign.Foreign.

Hip-ReplacementsHip-Replacements

Normal versus Arthritic Normal versus Arthritic HipHip

Normal Hip: note the space between the femur and

acetabulum, due to cartilage

Arthritic Hip: No space visible in joint, as

cartilage is missing

using a Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement to adhere the

metal to the bone

using a porous metal surface to create a bone

ingrowth interface

Two attachment methodsTwo attachment methods

the acetabulum and the proximal femur have been replaced. The

femoral side is completely metal. The acetabular side is composed

of the polyethylene bearing surface

Overview of femoral Overview of femoral replacementreplacement

The two materials are bonded and equal force is

applied to both

Load transfer in Composite Load transfer in Composite materialsmaterials

Comparison: Moduli of Comparison: Moduli of ElasticityElasticity

Modulus of elasticity of different implant materials and bone (in GPa)

Implant bondingImplant bonding

A bonded interface is characteristic of a

cemented prosthesis (left)

non-bonded interface is characteristic of a non-

cemented press fit prosthesis (right)

Degradation ProblemsDegradation Problems

Example of fractured artificial cartilage from a failed hip replacement