Metabolism, Catabolism and Metabolism, Catabolism and AnabolismAnabolism

Aims:Aims:

Must be able to define the terms metabolism, Must be able to define the terms metabolism, catabolism and anabolism.catabolism and anabolism.

Should be able to give examples of the key Should be able to give examples of the key terms.terms.

Could be able to explain the importance of these Could be able to explain the importance of these process groups.process groups.

Metabolism Metabolism

ALL the chemical reactions that take place ALL the chemical reactions that take place in a cell or an organism.in a cell or an organism.

Catabolism Catabolism

Breaking down of large complex molecules.Breaking down of large complex molecules.

E.g. Respiration – E.g. Respiration – Glucose + Oxygen – carbon dioxide + waterGlucose + Oxygen – carbon dioxide + water

E.g. Hydrolysis – E.g. Hydrolysis – Starch – Maltose – GlucoseStarch – Maltose – GlucoseDNA – Mononucleotides DNA – Mononucleotides

Reactions are usually EXERGONIC (give off energy).Reactions are usually EXERGONIC (give off energy).

AnabolismAnabolism Synthesis of large complex molecules from small Synthesis of large complex molecules from small

molecules.molecules.

E.g. Protein synthesis – E.g. Protein synthesis – Amino Acids – ProteinsAmino Acids – Proteins

E.g. Polymerisation – E.g. Polymerisation – Mononucleotides – DNA Mononucleotides – DNA

Many anabolic pathways are NOT the reverse of catabolic Many anabolic pathways are NOT the reverse of catabolic reactions.reactions.

Reactions are usually ENDERGONIC (take in energy).Reactions are usually ENDERGONIC (take in energy).

AnabolismAnabolism

The energy required for the reverse reaction is often The energy required for the reverse reaction is often TOO HIGH for a reaction to take place.TOO HIGH for a reaction to take place.

Many synthetic pathways use ATP and Many synthetic pathways use ATP and phosphorylated intermediates e.g. to synthesise phosphorylated intermediates e.g. to synthesise Glucose is first phosphorylated using ATP – Glucose is first phosphorylated using ATP –

Glucose + ATP = Glucose phosphate + ADP, Glucose + ATP = Glucose phosphate + ADP, energy level then raised to condense with other energy level then raised to condense with other molecules to form starch.molecules to form starch.

ActivityActivity

Answer the questions from page 38 in Answer the questions from page 38 in Biozone book.Biozone book.