23inovaciuri ekonomika da marTva/ INNOVATIVE ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT #4, 2017

menejmenti da marketingi - MANAGEMENT AND MARKETING

anotacianaSromSi ganzogadebulia qarTuli da

saerTaSoriso ekonomikuri azris gamocdileba globalizaciis aqtualuri sakiTxebis kvlevasTan dakavSirebiT.

dRevandel pirobebSi, saqarTvelos ekonomikas mniSvnelovanwilad faruli, saerTaSoriso monopoliebi azianeben, kvlevaSi Catarebulia mravalfaqtoruli analizi arakeTilsindisieri monopoliebis gamovlenasa da maT sawinaaRmdegod gasatarebeli meqanizmebis operatiuli amoqmedebisaTvis.

arakeTilsindisieri monopoliebi xSir SemTxvevaSi cdiloben xarisxis SeniRbuli gauaresebis xarjze moaxdinon momxmareblis SecdomaSi Seyvana da monopoliuri mogebis miReba.

Cemi azriT, kompetenciis Sesabamisad, mTa vrobis moqmedi ekonomikuri struqturebis farglebSi (ekonomikisa da mdgradi ganviTarebis saministro, finansTa saministro, antimonopoliuri samsaxuri, konkurenciis saagento, saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis saagento) aucilebelia mobiluri qveganyofilebebis amoqmedeba, romlebic yoveli dargisa da qvedargis (gansakuTrebiT adgilobriv upiratesobaTa gamosayeneblad.) TaviseburebaTa SeswavliT, gansazRvraven xarisxis deformaciebsa da normebs adgilobrivi bazris dasacavad.

sakvanZo sityvebi: globalizacia, konk urencia, efeqturi zrda.

GLOBALABSTRACTIn my work is generalized Georgian and inter-

national economical experiences actual issues, in researches. Nowadays, when the Georgian econ-omy is noticeably damaged by the international monopolies, the researches are analyzed to reveal the unconscientiously monopolies and we set in motion the working innovations. The dangerous monopolies often try to betray the consumers and beat the opponents in order to win the monopolies.

In my opinion, under the governmental eco-nomical structures such as: ministry of economy, the ministry of finance, antimonopoly service, the agency of state purchase. It’s important to activate and subfields especially to use the local advantages with as peculiarities and they’ll define the norms to defend the local markets.

Keywords: globalization, competition, effective growth.

ekonomikuri konkurencia ekonomikis efe qturi zrdis aucilebeli pirobaa, konkurencia garkveulwilad abalansebs qveynis ekonomikas. marTalia, konkurencia adamianis nebisagan damoukideblad Cndeba da moqmedebs, Tumca adamians SeuZlia daabrkolos, saerTod SeaCeros misi efeqtebi an sayovelTao globalizaciis pirobebSi racionaluri, zomieri konkurenciis gziT miiRos maqsimaluri efeqti misgan. amisTvsis ki aucilebelia konkurenciis dacva, xelSewyoba, ganviTareba. amitomac, msof

globalizacia, konkurencia da Tanamedrove

biznesis perspeqtivebi

Tamar TalakvaZesaqarTvelos teqnikuriuniversitetis doqtoranti saqarTvelo, Tbilisi

GLOBAIZATION, COMPETITION AND PERSPECTIVE OF MODERN BUSINESS

TAMAR TALAKVADZE

Doctoral student of Georgian Technical

University. Georgia, Tbilisi.

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inovaciuri ekonomika da marTva - INNOVATIVE ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT

lios ganviTarebul saxelmwifoTa upirveles amocanas warmoadgens samarTlebrivi regulirebis iseTi meqanizmebis SemuSaveba, romlebic uzrunvelyofen bazarze dominirebuli ekonomikuri agentebis mxridan Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebis faqtebis gamovlenasa da prevencias da keTilsindisieri konkurenciis maqsimalur xelSewyobas.

Cemi azriT, konkurencia aucilebelia ganvixiloT globalur WrilSi vinaidan Tanamedrove firmebi mraval bazarze erTdroulad saqmianoben, risTvisac maT esaWiroebaT konkurenciis Sesaxeb farTo warmodgena da mis safuZvelze konkurentuli upiratesobis mopovebis gzebis dadgena mudmivad dinamikur garemoSi.

teqnologiurma cvlilebebma socialurma,ekonomikurma da politikurma movlenebma ukanasknel aTwleulebSi msoflio miiyvana mdgomareobamde, romelsac SeiZleba globaluri vuwodoT. esaa erTgvarovani, samomxmareblo gemovnebisa da moTxovnilebebis TvalsazrisiT unificirebuli bazari. ZiriTadad, bazrebis konvergenciiT sargebloben globaluri organizaciebi, romlebic globalur doneze awarmoeben satandartizebul saqonelsa da momsaxurebas masStabis ekonomiis miRwevis mizniT, ris Sedegadac maT SeuZliaT SeinarCunon ufro dabali fasebi mxolod erovnul doneze orientirebul konkurentebTan SedarebiT. amgvarad, globaluri strategia unda efuZnebodes saqonlis, brendingisa da sareklamo politikis standartizacias.

saqarTvelos ekonomikuri globalizaciis mixedviT me19 adgili ukavia msoflioSi, rac ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis maRal dones asaxavs. zemoaRniSnuli, qveynis ekonomikuri ganviTarebis im inerciis wyaroa, romelic 2010 wlidan gvaqvs da TandaTanobiT imatebs. me mainc mimaCnia, rom saqarTvelos maRali pozicia ufro ekonomikuri ganviTarebis perspeqtivis amsaxvelia, vidre miRweuli donis.

saqarTvelos biznesgaremoSi Cadebulia is saZirkveli, ramac SeiZleba qveyana swrafad aqcios ganviTarebuli ekonomikis

mqone, maRalSemosavlian qveynad. Tumca, amisaTvis, saWiroa ara am inerciis bolomde amowurva, aramed axali reformebis gatareba da xarvezebis gamosworeba. ucxouri produqciis, kapitalisa da samuSao Zalis Semosvlis Seferxebis mcdelobebi saqarTvelosTvis cudad dasruldeba.

globalizaciis indeqsis mixedviT iseTi didi ekonomikis mqone qveynebi rogorebic magaliTad didi Svidianis qveynebia: safrangeTi–85,7 (me–20adgili) germania(27–e adgiili)–85,9 da aSS(34–e adgili)–74,8 . ar arian maRal poziciebze, Tumca aRniSnul qveynebSi erT sul mosaxleze Semosavali maRalia. es aixsneba imiT, rom maTi ekonomikuri ganviTarebisTvis ar aris aucilebeli ekonomikuri globalizaciis maRali done, radgan aqvT didi Sida bazari da mniSvnelovani moculobis Sida kapitali. samagierod, ver vnaxavT patara qveyanas, sadac erT sul mosaxleze Semosavali maRalia da ekonomikuri globalizaciis indeqsSi dabali pozicia uWiravs. saerTaSoriso vaWroba, ucxouri kapitali da samuSao Zalis migracia iqca patara, bunebrivi resursebiT Raribi qveynebis ganviTarebis aucilebel pirobad.

saqarTvelom globalizaciis indeqsSi swrafi aRmasvla 2006 wlidan daiwyo, rac 20042007 wlebSi gatarebuli reformebis Sedegi iyo. aRniSnul wlebSi Caeyara safuZveli saqarTvelos dRevandel biznesgaremos, romelmac gauZlo oms, ekonomikur kriziss, politikur krizisebs da, faqtobrivad, uwyvet rusul agresias. aRniSnul gamowvevebs emateboda kerZo sakuTrebis uflebebis dacvasa da sasamarTlo sistemaSi arsebuli problemebi. am fonze, paradoqsulia, rogor viTardeba dRemde saqarTvelos ekonomika, romlis zrdac, marTalia, bolo wlebSi (20132015) Senelda, magram saSualod 4%ian niSnuls mainc aRwevs.

es paradoqsi aixsneba swored qveynis ekonomikuri globalizaciis maRali doniT, rasac sagadasaxado liberalizaciiT, liberaluri saerTaSoriso vaWrobis politikiT, biznesis warmoebaze, ucxour kapitalze, samuSao Zalasa da turizmze regu

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menejmenti da marketingi - MANAGEMENT AND MARKETING

laciebis SemcirebiT, biurokratiuli procedurebis gamartivebiT, korufciis donis mniSvnelovnad SemcirebiT mivaRwieT.

globalizaciis maRali done niSnavs, rom saqarTvelos ekonomika ar aris 70 aTas kvadratuli kilometris farTobze Caketili da 4.5 milioni adamianis saqmianobiT Semofargluli. iseve, rogorc estoneTis ekonomika (me8 adgili ekonomikuri globalizaciis indeqsSi) ar aris mxolod 45 aTasi kv.km.iTa da 1.3 milioni adamianis saqmianobiT SemosazRvruli da irlandiis ekonomika (me2 adgili amave indeqsSi) ar aris mxolod 84 aTasi kv.km. farTobisa da 6 milioni adamianis imedad.

ekonomikuri globalizaciis sakiTxSi warmatebuli nabijebis gadadgmiT qveynis damwyeb biznesmenebsac eZlevaT perspetiva sakuTar qveyanaSi akeTon Semosavliani biznesi. amasTan aucileblad mimaCnia ganxorcieldes konkurenciis xelSewyoba, ,,faruli monopoliebis’’ mkacri monitoringi da dezorientacia. globalizebis eraSi, metwilad Caketili lokaluri biznesis moqmedebis areali TandaTan qreba, vinaidan, internetma msoflio bazari erTian did organizmad aqcia da saerTaSoriso konkurencia dedamiwis yvela wertilSi aRwevs. davesesxebi Cems mentors baton revaz lorTqifaniZes da mogaxsenebT rom, Tu lokaluri bazrebis pirobebSi araprofesionalizmi da e.w. Cawyoba–nacnoboba garkveulwilad “Wrida” marTvaSic, amjerad, ordinaruli araprofesionalizmi menejmentSi sul ufro mniSvnelovan fuW danakargebsa da saerTo CamorCenas daukavSirdeba.

ekonomikuri globalizaciis maRal dones erTi nakli aqvs: aseT ekonomikaze gavlenas ufro metad msoflio ekonomikuri krizisebi axdens, radgan qveyana mniSvnelovnad aris damokidebuli sxva qveynebis ekonomikur warmatebebze Tu warumateblobebze. es nakli antiglobalistebis sayvareli Temaa. Tumca praqtika gviCvenebs, rom krizisisgan miyenebuli ziani naklebia, vidre globalizaciis mier motanili ekonomikuri sargebeli. amis magaliTi iyo Tundac saqarTvelos swrafi

ekonomikuri zrdis tempi 20052007 wlebSi (saSualod 10%), romelic bevrad aRemateboda 2009 wlis 4%ian vardnas.

globalizebad garemoSi Tanamedrove bizness ganviTarebis meti perspeqtiva aqvs gasaTvaliswinebelia is proeqtebi romlebsac saxelmwifo da komerciuli bankebi axorcieleben biznesis xelSewyobis kuTxiT. magaliTisTvis moviyvan startapis programas romlis mizania damwyeb biznesmenTa mxardaWera raTa maT siaxleebze orientirebuli biznes ideebi ganaxorcielon, sakuTari biznesi daiwyon da sxvebic daasaqmon. proeqtis mizania inovaciuri startap ideebis saSualebiT saqarTvelo moiniSnos msoflios globalur rukaze, rogorc inovaciuri biznesis warmoebis erTerTi mTavari epicentri.

saqarTvelos inovaciebisa da teqnologiebis saagentom gasuli wlis agvistoSi mniSvnelovani saxsrebi gaiRo , 11milioni laris odenobiT ,rac Zalian mniSvnelovania, saxelmwifom xeli Seuwyo aseTi maRalteqnologiuri proeqtebis msoflio bazarze gatanas, amasTan, daexmara warmatebul kompaniebs Semdgomi dafinansebis mosapoveblad da gasaviTareblad awarmoon aqtiuri komunikacia investorebTan da dainteresebul pirebTan.

exla startapis sakiTxs odnav ganvavrcob saqarTveloSi, termini ,,startapi’’ sul cota xnis win gaxda aqtualuri. investorebi dafiqrdnen, rom biznesis keTebis tradiciuli formebi msoflioSi icvleba da saWiroa am tendenciis droulad gaTaviseba. inovaciuri biznes ideebis mflobelebic mixvdnen, rom mxolod idea materialur sargebels ver moitans. imisTvis, rom idea ganxorcieldes, saWiroa investicia. moTxovnis gaCenam, warmoSva mravali erTeuli, inkubatorebi da saSuamavlo servisebi, romelic akavSirebs momTxovnsa da mimwodebels, ideis avtorsa da investors. startap ideis mqone adamianisTvis, msgavsi SeTavazeba SesaZloa cxovrebaSi yvelaze mniSvnelovani nabijis gadadgmis SesaZlebloba gaxdes. ideis arseboba warmatebisTvis arasakmarisi pirobaa. misi realizebi

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inovaciuri ekonomika da marTva - INNOVATIVE ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT

sTvis nabijebis gadadgmaa saWiro. araerTi warmatebis istoria unda gaxdes biZgi imisTvis rom inovatorebi darwmundnen, ar Rirs damsaqmeblis mudmivad lodini, TviTdasaqmebis perspeqtiva saqarTveloSi ukve arsebobs.

is, rom saqarTvelo patara qveyanaa, startap biznesisTvis piriqiT, xelsayrelia. did qveynebSi Seqmnil bizness uWirs lokaluri sivrcidan Tavis daRweva da manam sanam moicavs mTels bazars, ganviTarebis temps anelebs. patara qveynebSi startapebis procentuli Tanafardoba erT sul mosaxlesTan mimarTebaSi, 23jer maRalia. damfuZneblebma Tavidanve ician, rom Tu surT ganviTareba, unda gascdnen qveynis sazRvrebs da es minimaluri danaxarjiT da maqsimalurad inovaciuri ideiT unda gaa

keTon. swored amitom, saqarTvelo startap biznesis dawyebisTvis erTerTi saukeTeso adgilia.

Tibisi banki aqtiurad CaerTo startapis programaSi, riTac bevr damwyeb biznesmes misca TviTgamoxatvis da TviTdamkvidrebis SesaZlebloba, Tibisi banki cnobilia arerTi wamowyebiT, rogoricaa Tundac agro sainvesticio sesxis gacema, romelic saSua lebas aZlevs ubralo glexs gaaSenos mravalwliani kultura da gadaxda daiwyos saqmianobidan mosavlis miRebis Semdeg, 5wliani saSeRavaTo periodi,perspeqtivaSi soflis meurneobis swraf ganviTarebad mesaxeba, SesaZlioa Tanamedrove biznesis amgavrma xelSewyobam xelSewyobam mniSvnelovnad Seamciros importirebuli saqonlis xvedriTi wili qarTul bazrebze.

literatura/REFERENCES

[1]. r. lorTqifaniZe, globaluri konkurencia adamianis efeqtiani gamdidrebisaTvis. 2014, ISBN 9789941063015, http://dspace.nplg.gov.ge/handle/1234/29377

[2]. r. lorTqifaniZe, konkurenciis racionaluri Zalis dacvisaTvismiTidan kanonzomierebis aRmoCenamde. Tbilisi, saqarTvelos parlamentis erovnuli biblioTeka, cifruli biblioTeka „iverieli“. 2014, ISBN9789941073120(PDF),http://dspace.nplg.gov.ge/han-dle/1234/697

[3]. gregori menqiu –ekonimikis principebi.[4]. F FORBES GEORGIA. http://forbes.ge/blog/110/konkurenciis-roli-sabazro-ekonomikaSi