Increasing trends of MotorizationIncreasing trends of MotorizationLinked to economic growth and increasing purchasing powerLinked to economic growth and increasing purchasing power

Car sales in the country are growing at an average rate of 10 peCar sales in the country are growing at an average rate of 10 per centr cent

TwoTwo--wheeler sales are expected to grow 14wheeler sales are expected to grow 14--15 per cent15 per cent

roads getting clogged, open areas coming under severe pressure troads getting clogged, open areas coming under severe pressure to create space for o create space for parkingparking

Each parking space requires Each parking space requires valuable land, which is valuable land, which is uneconomically utilized by uneconomically utilized by personal vehicles. There is no personal vehicles. There is no realization of the fact that there is realization of the fact that there is an opportunity cost of the land, an opportunity cost of the land, which is devoted for parking. which is devoted for parking. With time the demand increases & With time the demand increases & supply of land for provision of the supply of land for provision of the parking facilities decreases. parking facilities decreases.

2

Parking has taken the proportion of full blown mobility and sociParking has taken the proportion of full blown mobility and social crisis in Indian citiesal crisis in Indian cities

Multi Level Car Parking Multi Level Car Parking It is a building (or part there hereof) which is designed specifIt is a building (or part there hereof) which is designed specifically to be for Automobile ically to be for Automobile Parking and where there are a number of floors or levels on whicParking and where there are a number of floors or levels on which parking takes place. h parking takes place.

Is essentially a Stacked Car ParkIs essentially a Stacked Car Park

““Multilevel Car ParkMultilevel Car Park”” -- Term Originated in UK, in US it is called a Term Originated in UK, in US it is called a ““Parking StructureParking Structure””

Types:Types:Manually operated (non mechanizedManually operated (non mechanized--with ramps)with ramps)Mechanized (Classified in different type based on technology)Mechanized (Classified in different type based on technology)

MiniMini

PuzzlePuzzle

TowerTower

In order to accommodate the large volume of vehicles, small citiIn order to accommodate the large volume of vehicles, small cities and towns must es and towns must develop their infrastructuredevelop their infrastructureOne solution may be a multiOne solution may be a multi--level car parking system to maximize car parking capacity level car parking system to maximize car parking capacity by utilizing vertical space, rather than expand horizontally.by utilizing vertical space, rather than expand horizontally.With land in metros and 'a' grade cities becoming scarce and deaWith land in metros and 'a' grade cities becoming scarce and dearer, and plots getting rer, and plots getting smaller, conventional parking is proving infeasible.smaller, conventional parking is proving infeasible.

Multi Level Car Parking: Types Multi Level Car Parking: Types

Mini System:Mini System: Mechanical car park system with/without a pitMechanical car park system with/without a pit

Mechanical car park system without a pitMechanical car park system without a pit: the : the MCPS without pit is specifically designed to use MCPS without pit is specifically designed to use the same footprint of one car parking space the same footprint of one car parking space especially in the existing facilities (where space especially in the existing facilities (where space is a premium requirement) such as offices, is a premium requirement) such as offices, hotels and residenceshotels and residences

The MCPS with a pit The MCPS with a pit is a simple mechanical is a simple mechanical hydraulic system with horizontal platforms hydraulic system with horizontal platforms designed for vertical stacking and storage of designed for vertical stacking and storage of both sedan and SUV types. The system can be both sedan and SUV types. The system can be conveniently arranged for indoor and outdoor conveniently arranged for indoor and outdoor use to allow the access of parking spaces use to allow the access of parking spaces independently.independently.

Multi Level Car Parking: Types Multi Level Car Parking: Types

Puzzle System:Puzzle System: Fully Automated Car Parking Systems (FACPS)Fully Automated Car Parking Systems (FACPS)

The FACPS extends the existing parking space The FACPS extends the existing parking space vertically up to 6 levels; resulting in multivertically up to 6 levels; resulting in multi--layer layer parking solution with a single drive lane. It is parking solution with a single drive lane. It is designed to allow multidesigned to allow multi--level storage spaces level storage spaces above or below ground with user friendly above or below ground with user friendly operation and ease of maintenance. It can be operation and ease of maintenance. It can be fully covered especially for extreme hot and fully covered especially for extreme hot and cold areas and designed according to the user cold areas and designed according to the user requirements with parking positions for full requirements with parking positions for full SUVs and sedans. The storage and retrieval of SUVs and sedans. The storage and retrieval of cars within the system is done on the ground cars within the system is done on the ground floor with a user friendly control panel to floor with a user friendly control panel to retrieve the stored cars from higher levels. retrieve the stored cars from higher levels.

Multi Level Car Parking: Types Multi Level Car Parking: Types

Tower System:Tower System: Fully Automated Car Parking Systems (FACPS)Fully Automated Car Parking Systems (FACPS)

FACPS is ultimately designed for maximum FACPS is ultimately designed for maximum space utilization for the vertical and horizontal space utilization for the vertical and horizontal storage of cars where space is not available. storage of cars where space is not available. FACPS structure can be included within the FACPS structure can be included within the building structure or built separately as a building structure or built separately as a dedicated parking tower. This system is mainly dedicated parking tower. This system is mainly installed in high rise commercial business installed in high rise commercial business towers and residential areas where safety and towers and residential areas where safety and speed are a must. speed are a must.

Case Study: Nehru PlaceCase Study: Nehru PlaceThe first business district in Delhi under the master plan of 19The first business district in Delhi under the master plan of 1962. 62.

Planned as an 82 acre site that would include: commercial centrePlanned as an 82 acre site that would include: commercial centre including service including service industries (57 acres), work cum industrial centers (15 acres) & industries (57 acres), work cum industrial centers (15 acres) & govt. offices (10 acres).govt. offices (10 acres).

Planned for a population of 1.5 Planned for a population of 1.5 --2.5 lakhs & about 2002.5 lakhs & about 200--350 shops350 shops

It today holds about 4000 offices & 1500 shops, 3, 48,412 sq.m oIt today holds about 4000 offices & 1500 shops, 3, 48,412 sq.m of commercial built up areaf commercial built up area

Inadequate circulation Inadequate circulation space, congestion at space, congestion at the entry & exits & the entry & exits & long vehicle retrieval long vehicle retrieval time are the key issues time are the key issues in all parking lots.in all parking lots.Parking lots are open Parking lots are open from 0800hrs to from 0800hrs to 2200hrs2200hrs

Nehru Place: OverviewNehru Place: OverviewEros MultiEros Multi--level Parking level Parking ––Supply Supply –– 1000 ECS1000 ECS•• sevenseven--storied parking storied parking •• ramp based multilevel parking ramp based multilevel parking

with a capacity of 1,000 ECS. with a capacity of 1,000 ECS. •• the total built up area the total built up area

(including basement) is 60,550 (including basement) is 60,550 sq m. of the total built up area, sq m. of the total built up area, 18,165 sq m (nearly 30 per 18,165 sq m (nearly 30 per cent) is allowed to be used for cent) is allowed to be used for other commercial activities and other commercial activities and the remaining 42,385 sq m is the remaining 42,385 sq m is parking services.parking services.

Off & OnOff & On--street Parking street Parking ––Supply Supply –– 2967 & 750 ECS2967 & 750 ECS

DTC Bus Depot, facing the DTC Bus Depot, facing the Outer ring roadOuter ring road

Nehru Place Nehru Place -- Metro Station, Metro Station, Proposed Metro LineProposed Metro Line

Proposed MultiProposed Multi--level Car level Car Parking by DDAParking by DDA--

Nehru Place: On & OffNehru Place: On & Off--Street ParkingStreet ParkingNEHRU PLACE ON STREET PARKING

PARKING CHARACTERISTICS

TOTAL ACCUMULATION 14094PEAK ACCUMULATION 1721PEAK HOUR 15-16PARKING SUPPLY 750PARKING INDEX 2.29PARKING TURNOVER 18.79

NEHRU PLACE OFF STREET PARKING

PARKING CHARACTERISTICS

TOTAL ACCUMULATION 33950PEAK ACCUMULATION 4787PEAK HOUR 12-13PARKING SUPPLY 2967PARKING INDEX 1.61PARKING TURNOVER 11.44

Nehru Place: ParkerNehru Place: Parker’’s Opinions OpinionThe regular workers & irregular visitors at Nehru Place were 80%The regular workers & irregular visitors at Nehru Place were 80% & 20% & 20% respectively. respectively. Almost 40% users have an income ranging from Rs 30,000 Almost 40% users have an income ranging from Rs 30,000 –– Rs60,000. Rs60,000. The purpose of trip generally is work. The purpose of trip generally is work. The parking lots are located all round Nehru Place but still theThe parking lots are located all round Nehru Place but still the average average walking distance between parking lot & destination place is abouwalking distance between parking lot & destination place is about 200m, t 200m, and this consumes about 7and this consumes about 7--8 min. 8 min. Nearly 5Nearly 5--7 min are spent in searching for a bay & about 3 min in 7 min are spent in searching for a bay & about 3 min in processing for parking ticket. processing for parking ticket. As far as technology is concerned, about 52% uses prefer drivingAs far as technology is concerned, about 52% uses prefer driving up to six up to six levels of parking.levels of parking.

Eros Group: Multi Level Car ParkingEros Group: Multi Level Car ParkingEROS PARKINGPARKING CHARACTERISTICSTOTAL ACCUMULATION 4210PEAK ACCUMULATION 614PEAK HOUR 15-16PARKING SUPPLY 1000PARKING INDEX 0.614PARKING TURNOVER 4.21

REVISION OF RATES IN EROS PARKING LOTDURATION OF PARKING

BEFORE (2008) AFTER (2009) % DECREASE IN RATES

UPTO 2 HRS 50 20 60UPTO 3 1/2 HRS 80 30 63UPTO 4 HRS 80 50 38UPTO 8 HRS 120 80 3324 HRS 300 250 17

Eros Multi Level Car Parking: ParkerEros Multi Level Car Parking: Parker’’s Opinions Opinion

Eros Parking Users are willing to pay almost twice the amount Eros Parking Users are willing to pay almost twice the amount paid by them in todaypaid by them in today’’s context for a Multi Storied Parking s context for a Multi Storied Parking facility, but on the other hand, the regular Nehru Place users facility, but on the other hand, the regular Nehru Place users do not consider paying more than the current charges. The do not consider paying more than the current charges. The most popular choice in terms of technology preferred is most popular choice in terms of technology preferred is automated (lift based) selected by nearly 70% of the users. automated (lift based) selected by nearly 70% of the users.

Other Commercial Areas of DelhiOther Commercial Areas of Delhi

SUMMARY OF PARKING CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIOUS PARKING LOTS IN SESUMMARY OF PARKING CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIOUS PARKING LOTS IN SELECTED COMMERCIAL AREAS OF NEW DELHILECTED COMMERCIAL AREAS OF NEW DELHI

PARKING TYPE & NAMEPARKING TYPE & NAME TOTAL TOTAL ACCUMULATIONACCUMULATION

PEAK PEAK ACCUMULATIONACCUMULATION

SUPPLY SUPPLY ECSECS

GAP GAP BETWEEN BETWEEN SUPPLY & SUPPLY & DEMANDDEMAND

PARKING PARKING INDEXINDEX

PARKING PARKING TURNOVERTURNOVER

SHORT SHORT TERM TERM

PARKING PARKING (%) < 2 (%) < 2

HRSHRS

LONG LONG TERM TERM

PARKING PARKING (%) > 2 (%) > 2

HRSHRS

SUPPLY SUPPLY ECS HRS ECS HRS (14 Hrs)(14 Hrs)

DEMAND DEMAND ECS HRSECS HRS

RATIO OF RATIO OF DEMAND ECS DEMAND ECS HRS : SUPPLY HRS : SUPPLY

ECS HRSECS HRS

CONNAUGHT PLACE (ON STREET)CONNAUGHT PLACE (ON STREET) 1932019320 26632663 21782178 485485 1.221.22 8.878.87 92.692.6 7.47.4 3049230492 2011220112 0.660.66

CONNAUGHT PLACE (OFF STREET)CONNAUGHT PLACE (OFF STREET) 3364933649 35703570 40404040 --470470 0.880.88 8.338.33 21.621.6 78.478.4 5656056560 122408122408 2.162.16

CONNAUGHT PLACE (MULTI LEVEL)CONNAUGHT PLACE (MULTI LEVEL) 1972319723 22732273 21082108 165165 1.081.08 9.369.36 21.921.9 78.178.1 2951229512 9530195301 3.233.23

CONNAUGHT PLACE (PALIKA)CONNAUGHT PLACE (PALIKA) 1414114141 19571957 20002000 --4343 0.980.98 7.077.07 16.016.0 84.084.0 2800028000 6035460354 2.162.16

NEHRU PLACE (ON STREET)NEHRU PLACE (ON STREET) 1409414094 17211721 750750 971971 2.292.29 18.7918.79 78.978.9 21.121.1 1050010500 4326343263 4.124.12

NEHRU PLACE (OFF STREET)NEHRU PLACE (OFF STREET) 3395033950 47874787 29672967 18201820 1.611.61 11.4411.44 16.916.9 83.183.1 4153841538 191535191535 4.614.61

NEHRU PLACE (EROS PARKING)NEHRU PLACE (EROS PARKING) 42104210 614614 10001000 --386386 0.610.61 4.214.21 11.311.3 88.788.7 1400014000 2361023610 1.691.69

NEW FRIENDS COLONY (ON STREET)NEW FRIENDS COLONY (ON STREET) 763763 9898 7070 2828 1.401.40 10.9010.90 29.329.3 70.770.7 980980 25012501 2.552.55

NEW FRIENDS COLONY (OFF STREET)NEW FRIENDS COLONY (OFF STREET) 37913791 543543 380380 163163 1.431.43 9.989.98 25.325.3 74.774.7 53205320 1352613526 2.542.54

LAJPAT NAGAR (ON STREET)LAJPAT NAGAR (ON STREET) 2199521995 22922292 15981598 694694 1.431.43 13.7613.76 58.658.6 41.441.4 2237222372 6273362733 2.802.80

TOTALTOTAL 165636165636 2051820518 1709117091 34273427 239274239274 635343635343 2.662.66

SOURCE: PRIMARY SURVEY 2010, CRRI STUDY 2006, RITES STUDY 2009SOURCE: PRIMARY SURVEY 2010, CRRI STUDY 2006, RITES STUDY 2009

SUMMARY OF PARKING CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIOUS PARKING LOTS IN SESUMMARY OF PARKING CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIOUS PARKING LOTS IN SELECTED COMMERCIAL AREAS OF NEW DELHILECTED COMMERCIAL AREAS OF NEW DELHILOCATIONLOCATION TOTAL TOTAL

ACCUMULATIONACCUMULATIONPEAK PEAK

ACCUMULATIONACCUMULATIONSUPPLY SUPPLY

ECSECSGAP GAP

BETWEEN BETWEEN SUPPLY & SUPPLY & DEMANDDEMAND

PARKING PARKING INDEXINDEX

PARKING PARKING TURNOVERTURNOVER

SHORT SHORT TERM TERM

PARKING PARKING (%)(%)

LONG LONG TERM TERM

PARKING PARKING (%)(%)

SUPPLY SUPPLY ECS HRSECS HRS

DEMAND DEMAND ECS HRSECS HRS

RATIO OF RATIO OF DEMAND ECS DEMAND ECS HRS : SUPPLY HRS : SUPPLY

ECS HRSECS HRSCONNAUGHT PLACE CONNAUGHT PLACE 8683386833 1046310463 1032610326 137137 1.041.04 8.418.41 38.0338.03 61.9861.98 144564144564 298175298175 2.062.06

NEHRU PLACE NEHRU PLACE 5225452254 71227122 47174717 24052405 1.511.51 11.4811.48 35.7035.70 64.3064.30 6603866038 258408258408 3.913.91

NEW FRIENDS COLONY NEW FRIENDS COLONY 45544554 641641 450450 191191 1.411.41 10.4410.44 27.3027.30 72.7072.70 63006300 1602716027 2.542.54

LAJPAT NAGAR LAJPAT NAGAR 2199521995 22922292 15981598 694694 1.431.43 13.7613.76 58.6058.60 41.4041.40 2237222372 6273362733 2.802.80

SOURCE: PRIMARY SURVEY 2010, CRRI STUDY 2006, RITES STUDY 2009SOURCE: PRIMARY SURVEY 2010, CRRI STUDY 2006, RITES STUDY 2009

Financial Viability AnalysisFinancial Viability Analysis……

Initially, a site proposed by DDA for developing Multi Level ParInitially, a site proposed by DDA for developing Multi Level Parking at Nehru Place was taken as the king at Nehru Place was taken as the base for computations. base for computations. In detail, computations on 3 different plot sizes were also carIn detail, computations on 3 different plot sizes were also carried out. These were:ried out. These were:

30003000--6000 sq.m, 60006000 sq.m, 6000--9000 sq.m, 90009000 sq.m, 9000--12000 sq.m 12000 sq.m Potential of the existing site for various multi level parking tPotential of the existing site for various multi level parking technologies were assessed one by one for echnologies were assessed one by one for each of the technologies manual (ramp), semi automated, fully aueach of the technologies manual (ramp), semi automated, fully automatedtomated. . Levels estimated ranged from 5Levels estimated ranged from 5--14 levels. 14 levels. Commercial area content was also taken between 20%Commercial area content was also taken between 20%--30% of the total F.A.R.30% of the total F.A.R.

For the calculation of the total ECS generated in each of the scFor the calculation of the total ECS generated in each of the scenarios, the development controls enarios, the development controls adopted were the ones prescribed in MPD 2021. These are mainly:adopted were the ones prescribed in MPD 2021. These are mainly:

The most decisive indicators for the project to be financially vThe most decisive indicators for the project to be financially viable are NPV & FIRR. iable are NPV & FIRR.

••65% ground coverage with no height restriction65% ground coverage with no height restriction

••F.A.R : as/per feasibilityF.A.R : as/per feasibility

••No limit on number of basements (subject to adequate safety)No limit on number of basements (subject to adequate safety)

••A fixed percentage of area under circulation ramps (21% in this A fixed percentage of area under circulation ramps (21% in this case)case)

Cost StructureCost Structure……ASSUMPTIONS FOR FINANCIAL VIABILITY : COST STRUCTURES NO. COMPONENT UNIT MANUAL (RAMP

BASED)SEMI AUTOMATED

(RAMP + LIFT)FULLY AUTOMATED

(LIFT)

VALUE VALUE VALUEA. CONSTRUCTION1 CONSTRUCTION COST FOR PARKING AREA INR/sft 800 1500 32002 CONSTRUCTION COST FOR COMMERCIAL AREA INR/sft 1800 2000 2200B. PRELIMINARY AND PREOPERATIVE EXPENSES3 DESIGN EXPENSES OF CONSTRUCTION COST 2.00% 2.00% 2.00%

4 ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES OF CONSTRUCTION COST 2.50% 2.50% 2.50%

5 PROJECT MANAGEMENT EXPENSES OF CONSTRUCTION COST 2.00% 2.00% 2.00%

6 MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES OF CONSTRUCTION COST 5.00% 5.00% 5.00%

7 PROVISION FOR CONTINGENCIES OF CONSTRUCTION COST 5.00% 5.00% 5.00%

C. PHASING8 CONSTRUCTION PERIOD YEARS 2 2 2D. CAPITAL STRUCTURE9 DEBT EQUITY RATIO 2 2 2

10 COST OF DEBT 12% 12% 12%11 COST OF EQUITY 20% 20% 20%12 WEIGHTED AVERAGE COST OF CAPITAL 14.64% 14.64% 14.64%E. OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE13 ASSUMED % OF CONSTRUCTION COST 1% 2% 2%

ELEMENTS UNDER O&M13.1 ELECTRICAL (%) OF CONSTRUCTION COST 0.30 0.30 0.30

13.2 MECHANICAL (%) OF CONSTRUCTION COST 0.20 0.20 0.20

13.3 SECURITY (%) OF CONSTRUCTION COST 0.15 0.15 0.15

13.4 FIRE SAFETY (%) OF CONSTRUCTION COST 0.20 0.20 0.20

13.5 SALARY OF STAFF (%) OF CONSTRUCTION COST 0.15 0.15 0.15

SOURCE: WOHR PARKING SOLUTIONS, BKS MARG STUDY BY IDFC, FEEDBACK VENTURES STUDY 2009

ASSUMPTIONS FOR COST STRUCTURE1 CONSTRUCTION PERIOD HAS BEEN ASSUMED AS 2 YEARS FOR EACH OF THE TECHNOLOGY TYPES2 COST PHASING : FIRST YEAR 65% & SECOND YEAR 35%3 OPERATION & MAINTENANCE COST IS INCREMENTAL @ 5% IN EVERY 3 YEARS4 RATES HAVE BEEN ASSUMED ON SQ.FT BASIS5 WEIGHTED AVERAGE COST OF CAPITAL HAS BEEN USED AS THE DISCOUNTING RATE FOR CALCULATING NPV

SOURCE: WOHR PARKING SOLUTIONS, BKS MARG STUDY BY IDFC, FEEDBACK VENTURES STUDY 2009

Revenue StructureRevenue Structure……ASSUMPTIONS FOR FINANCIAL VIABILITY : REVENUE STRUCTURE

S NO. COMPONENT UNIT MANUAL (RAMP BASED)

SEMI AUTOMATED (RAMP + LIFT)

FULLY AUTOMATED (LIFT)

VALUE VALUE VALUE

A. REVENUE FROM PARKING

1 ECS GENERATED 1 ECS 1/30 sq.m 1/22 sq.m 1/16 sq.m

2 DURATION OF PARKING

0 -2 HRS OF TOTAL ECS 39% 39% 39%2 -4 HRS OF TOTAL ECS 12% 12% 12%4 -6 HRS OF TOTAL ECS 15% 15% 15%6 -8 HRS OF TOTAL ECS 18% 18% 18%> 8 HRS OF TOTAL ECS 16% 16% 16%

3 RATES FOR PARKING

0 -2 HRS INR 10 20 302 -4 HRS INR 20 30 404 -6 HRS INR 40 50 606 -8 HRS INR 60 80 100> 8 HRS INR 80 100 120

B. REVENUE FROM COMMERCIAL AREA INR/SQ FT/MONTH 200 250 300-450

C. REVENUE FROM ADVERTISEMENTS OF TOTAL EARNINGS 1% 1% 1% - 2%

SOURCE: WOHR PARKING SOLUTIONS, BKS MARG STUDY BY IDFC, FEEDBACK VENTURES STUDY 2009

ASSUMPTIONS FOR REVENUE STRUCTURE

1 ECS GENERATED HAVE BEEN CALCULATED BASED ON DESIGN STANDARDS (NEUFERT)2 DURATION OF PARKING HAS BEEN CALCULATED THROUGH PARKING DEMAND ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT PARKING LOTS.3 PARKING RATES HAVE BEEN FIXED BASE ON THE SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF EROS PARKING LOT4 PARKING RATES SHALL BE REVISE @ 5% EVERY 3 YEARS5 RENTAL VALUE OF COMMERCIAL AREAS BASED ON PRIMARY SURVEY INCREMENTAL@ 5% EVERY 3 YEARS6 REVENUE FORM ADVETISEMENTS INCREMENTAL @ 5% EVERY 3 YEARS

SOURCE: WOHR PARKING SOLUTIONS, BKS MARG STUDY BY IDFC, FEEDBACK VENTURES STUDY 2009

Findings from Financial AnalysisFindings from Financial Analysis……For Smaller Plot Sizes Varying From 3000For Smaller Plot Sizes Varying From 3000--6000 Sqm :6000 Sqm :

No. Of Levels: 5 Floor (10.5m) @ 25% Commercial AreaNo. Of Levels: 5 Floor (10.5m) @ 25% Commercial AreaManual Technology If Feasible With A Highest FIRR & Highest NPVManual Technology If Feasible With A Highest FIRR & Highest NPVNo. Of Levels : 7 Floors (14.7m) @ 25% Commercial AreaNo. Of Levels : 7 Floors (14.7m) @ 25% Commercial AreaSemi Automated Structures Are FeasibleSemi Automated Structures Are FeasibleNo. Of Levels : 10 & 12 Floors (21m & 25.2m) @ 30% CommercialNo. Of Levels : 10 & 12 Floors (21m & 25.2m) @ 30% CommercialFully Automated Structures Are Feasible With Higher NPV.Fully Automated Structures Are Feasible With Higher NPV.

For Medium Plot Sizes Varying From 6000For Medium Plot Sizes Varying From 6000--9000 Sqm :9000 Sqm :

No. Of Levels: 7 Floor (14.7m) @ 25% Commercial AreaNo. Of Levels: 7 Floor (14.7m) @ 25% Commercial AreaManual Technology If Feasible With A Highest FIRR & Highest NPVManual Technology If Feasible With A Highest FIRR & Highest NPVNo. Of Levels : 10 Floors (21m) @ 25% Commercial AreaNo. Of Levels : 10 Floors (21m) @ 25% Commercial AreaSemi Automated Structures Are FeasibleSemi Automated Structures Are FeasibleNo. Of Levels : 12 & 14 Floors (25.2m & 29.4m) @ 30% CommercialNo. Of Levels : 12 & 14 Floors (25.2m & 29.4m) @ 30% CommercialFully Automated Structures Are Feasible With Higher NPV.Fully Automated Structures Are Feasible With Higher NPV.

For Large Plot Sizes Varying From 9000For Large Plot Sizes Varying From 9000--12000 Sqm :12000 Sqm :

No. Of Levels: 7 Floor (14.7m) @ 25% Commercial AreaNo. Of Levels: 7 Floor (14.7m) @ 25% Commercial AreaManual Technology If Feasible With A Highest FIRR & Highest NPVManual Technology If Feasible With A Highest FIRR & Highest NPVNo. Of Levels : 10 Floors (21m) @ 25% Commercial AreaNo. Of Levels : 10 Floors (21m) @ 25% Commercial AreaSemi Automated Structures Are FeasibleSemi Automated Structures Are FeasibleNo. Of Levels : 12 & 14 Floors (25.2m & 29.4m) @ 30% CommercialNo. Of Levels : 12 & 14 Floors (25.2m & 29.4m) @ 30% CommercialFully Automated Structures Are Feasible With Higher NPV.Fully Automated Structures Are Feasible With Higher NPV.

Nehru Place: Parking StrategyNehru Place: Parking Strategy

DDA's Proposed Site (A) at Nehru Place DDA's Proposed Site (A) at Nehru Place (Site (Site Area: 8657 Sq.m). This plot is likely to Area: 8657 Sq.m). This plot is likely to generate 2955 ECS (including 710 ECS for generate 2955 ECS (including 710 ECS for commercial) if developed on fully commercial) if developed on fully automated technology & 30% commercial automated technology & 30% commercial area component (financially most optimal area component (financially most optimal option). option). The project time for this was taken as 2 yrs The project time for this was taken as 2 yrs & therefore the supply from 4717 ECS (in & therefore the supply from 4717 ECS (in 2010) will go up to 7672 ECS (in 2012). if the 2010) will go up to 7672 ECS (in 2012). if the onon--street supply is neglected, the total street supply is neglected, the total parking supply in Nehru Place in 2012 will be parking supply in Nehru Place in 2012 will be 6922 ECS, which is still 36 ECS short of the 6922 ECS, which is still 36 ECS short of the required mark of 6958 ECS. required mark of 6958 ECS. Hence, certain alternative plot locations are Hence, certain alternative plot locations are also proposed, in terms of strategy, which also proposed, in terms of strategy, which could be developed as multi storied parking could be developed as multi storied parking lots in order to meet Nehru Placelots in order to meet Nehru Place’’s parking s parking demand. demand.

PROJECTION OF PARKING DEMAND : NEHRU PLACEPROJECTION OF PARKING DEMAND : NEHRU PLACEYEAR YEAR GROWTH RATE (%)GROWTH RATE (%) PEAK DEMAND (ECS)PEAK DEMAND (ECS) REDUCTION IN DEMAND REDUCTION IN DEMAND

DUE TO METRO (%)DUE TO METRO (%)PEAK DEMAND AFTER PEAK DEMAND AFTER

METRO (ECS)METRO (ECS)SUPPLY (INCL. ON SUPPLY (INCL. ON

STREET) (ECS)STREET) (ECS)SUPPLY (EXCL. ON SUPPLY (EXCL. ON

STREET) (ECS)STREET) (ECS)GAP B/W DEMAND & GAP B/W DEMAND &

SUPPLY (ECS)SUPPLY (ECS)

20102010 6%6% 71227122 -- 71227122 47174717 39673967 31553155

20112011 6%6% 75497549 -- 75497549 47174717 39673967 35823582

20122012 6%6% 80028002 18%18% 65626562 7672*7672* 69226922## --360360

20132013 6%6% 84828482 21%21% 67016701 7672*7672* 69226922## --221221

20142014 6%6% 89918991 24%24% 68336833 7672*7672* 69226922## --8989

20152015 6%6% 95319531 27%27% 69586958 7672*7672* 69226922## 3636

CURRENT GENERATION RATES IN NEHRU PLACE : 2.06 ECS/100SQ.MCURRENT GENERATION RATES IN NEHRU PLACE : 2.06 ECS/100SQ.M

* PARKING SUPPLY AFTER CONSTRUCTION OF MULTI STORIED PARKING LOT* PARKING SUPPLY AFTER CONSTRUCTION OF MULTI STORIED PARKING LOT

# # PARKING SUPPLY EXCLUDING ON STREET SUPPLYPARKING SUPPLY EXCLUDING ON STREET SUPPLY

6% GROWTH RATE INCLUDES NATURAL INCREASE IN PARKING DEMAND & DEM6% GROWTH RATE INCLUDES NATURAL INCREASE IN PARKING DEMAND & DEMAND ADDED BY NEWLY ADDED COMMERCIAL AREAAND ADDED BY NEWLY ADDED COMMERCIAL AREA

REDUCTION IN PARKING DEMAND DUE TO METRO ASSUMED BASED ON A STUDREDUCTION IN PARKING DEMAND DUE TO METRO ASSUMED BASED ON A STUDY BY DMRC ON PALIKA PARKING.Y BY DMRC ON PALIKA PARKING.

ConclusionsConclusions……

As the land in metropolitan cities and other higher order citiesAs the land in metropolitan cities and other higher order cities becoming scarce and dearer and becoming scarce and dearer and plots getting smaller conventional parking is proving infeasibleplots getting smaller conventional parking is proving infeasible..

Attitudinal survey of parkers at Nehru Place revealed that aboutAttitudinal survey of parkers at Nehru Place revealed that about 52% users prefer driving up to six 52% users prefer driving up to six levels of parking in case of a multilevels of parking in case of a multi-- level parking facility . level parking facility . The most popular choice in terms of technology preferred is autoThe most popular choice in terms of technology preferred is automated (lift based) selected by mated (lift based) selected by nearly 70% of the users. nearly 70% of the users.

The financial analysis revealed that :The financial analysis revealed that :

Manual technology was most appropriate option for smaller plots Manual technology was most appropriate option for smaller plots between 3000between 3000--6000sq.m upto 5 6000sq.m upto 5 levels . levels . For medium sized plots ranging between 6000For medium sized plots ranging between 6000--9000 sq.m the technology options could be either 9000 sq.m the technology options could be either manual upto 7 levels or fully automated structures with 12manual upto 7 levels or fully automated structures with 12--14 floors. 14 floors. In case of large plots ranging between 9000In case of large plots ranging between 9000--12000 sq.m fully automated structures with 12 to 14 12000 sq.m fully automated structures with 12 to 14 floors are most appropriate options.floors are most appropriate options.

The solution for the parking requirements is the multiThe solution for the parking requirements is the multi--level car parking system to maximize car level car parking system to maximize car parking capacity by utilizing vertical space, rather than expandparking capacity by utilizing vertical space, rather than expanding horizontally.ing horizontally.

RecommendationsRecommendations……

Ideal situation would be to have a mix of financial, economic anIdeal situation would be to have a mix of financial, economic and social indicators to achieve the d social indicators to achieve the practical and best possible solution to the need. Supportive regpractical and best possible solution to the need. Supportive regulatory framework is required for taking ulatory framework is required for taking off the parking projects on PPP mode. Development control rules off the parking projects on PPP mode. Development control rules of the city should have flexibility, to of the city should have flexibility, to make the project financially viable. PPP in parking would requirmake the project financially viable. PPP in parking would require delegation of certain managerial issues e delegation of certain managerial issues by the ULB to the developer (possibly an SPV). by the ULB to the developer (possibly an SPV).

The minimum area of a plot that can be considered for the purposThe minimum area of a plot that can be considered for the purpose will be 1000 square meters in the core city areas e will be 1000 square meters in the core city areas and 2000 sq.m in district centers and other areas.and 2000 sq.m in district centers and other areas.

However, specific proposal, which is technically feasible and viHowever, specific proposal, which is technically feasible and viable, could be considered on cases by case basis for able, could be considered on cases by case basis for smaller plots by the local authority.smaller plots by the local authority.

The minimum number of vehicles that have to be accommodated in aThe minimum number of vehicles that have to be accommodated in a parking lot will be 50 with a minimum parking parking lot will be 50 with a minimum parking space of 700 square meters.space of 700 square meters.

In addition to the permissible parking spaces (ECS) on max. FAR,In addition to the permissible parking spaces (ECS) on max. FAR, 3 times additional space (ECS) has to be provided for 3 times additional space (ECS) has to be provided for parking component only.parking component only.

The location of the parking space can be in the basement or on tThe location of the parking space can be in the basement or on the ground or any other floor of a building with he ground or any other floor of a building with access through ramps or lifts or a combination of both.access through ramps or lifts or a combination of both.

Maximum ground coverage, FAR, height and setbacks to be permitteMaximum ground coverage, FAR, height and setbacks to be permitted could be considered subject to technical d could be considered subject to technical viability and feasibility.viability and feasibility.