Mechanical Testing Standards

Physical and Mechanical Testing

Standards

ASTM's physical and mechanical testing standards provide guides for the proper procedures employed in

the determination of the physical, mechanical, and metallographic properties of certain materials,

particularly metals and alloys. Using test methods such as scanning electron microscopy, hole-drilling

strain-gage method, semiautomatic and automatic image analysis, and X-ray diffraction, parameters

like elastic moduli, impact strength, ductility, hardness, residual stress, and grain size are measured.

These physical and mechanical testing standards allow metallurgical laboratories, manufacturers, and

other producers and users of metals and alloys to examine and evaluate such materials for strength and

quality to ensure safety towards their end-use.

List of physical and mechanical testing standards developed by ASTM:

Jump to:

Automated Testing

Calibration of Mechanical Testing Machines and Apparatus

Criteria for Metallographic Laboratory Evaluation and Safety

Ductility and Formability

Link to Us

Automated Testing Go

Designation Title

E1856 - 97

(2008)

Standard Guide for Evaluating Computerized Data Acquisition Systems Used to Acquire Data from Universal Testing Machines

Designation Title

E4 - 08 Standard Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines

E74 - 06Standard Practice of Calibration of Force-Measuring Instruments for Verifying the Force Indication of Testing Machines

E83 - 06Standard Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer Systems

E251 - 92

(2003)

Standard Test Methods for Performance Characteristics of Metallic Bonded Resistance Strain Gages

E1237 - 93

(2003)Standard Guide for Installing Bonded Resistance Strain Gages

E1319 - 98

(2003)Standard Guide for High-Temperature Static Strain Measurement

E1561 - 93

(2003)Standard Practice for Analysis of Strain Gage Rosette Data

E1949 - 03Standard Test Method for Ambient Temperature Fatigue Life of Metallic Bonded Resistance Strain Gages

E2309 - 05Standard Practices for Verification of Displacement Measuring Systems and Devices Used in Material Testing Machines

E2428 - 08Standard Practice for Calibration of Torque-Measuring Instruments for Verifying the Torque Indication of Torque Testing Machines

Designation Title

E2014 - 99(2005) Standard Guide on Metallographic Laboratory Safety

Page 1 of 6Physical and Mechanical Testing Standards

2/28/2009http://www.astm.org/Standards/physical-and-mechanical-testing-standards.html

Grain Size

Impact Testing

Inclusions

Indentation Hardness Testing

Designation Title

E190 - 92

(2008)Standard Test Method for Guided Bend Test for Ductility of Welds

E290 - 97a

(2004)Standard Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductility

E517 - 00

(2006)e1Standard Test Method for Plastic Strain Ratio r for Sheet Metal

E643 - 84

(2000)

Standard Test Method for Ball Punch Deformation of Metallic Sheet Material

E646 - 07Standard Test Method for Tensile Strain-Hardening Exponents (n -Values) of Metallic Sheet Materials

E796 - 94

(2000)Standard Test Method for Ductility Testing of Metallic Foil

E855 - 08Standard Test Methods for Bend Testing of Metallic Flat Materials for Spring Applications Involving Static Loading

E2218 - 02

(2008)Standard Test Method for Determining Forming Limit Curves

E2448 - 08Standard Test Method for Determining the Superplastic Properties of Metallic Sheet Materials

E2492 - 07Standard Test Method for Evaluating Springback of Sheet Metal Using the Demeri Split Ring Test

Designation Title

E112 - 96

(2004)e2Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size

E930 - 99

(2007)

Standard Test Methods for Estimating the Largest Grain Observed in a Metallographic Section (ALA Grain Size)

E1181 - 02

(2008)Standard Test Methods for Characterizing Duplex Grain Sizes

Designation Title

E23 - 07ae1Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials

E208 - 06Standard Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Ferritic Steels

E604 - 83

(2008)Standard Test Method for Dynamic Tear Testing of Metallic Materials

Designation Title

E45 - 05e2 Standard Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel

E2283 - 08Standard Practice for Extreme Value Analysis of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Steel and Other Microstructural Features



Light Microscopy

Microindentation Hardness Testing

Quantitative Metallography

Residual Stress Measurement

Designation Title

E10 - 08 Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials

E18 - 08b Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials

E92 - 82

(2003)e2Standard Test Method for Vickers Hardness of Metallic Materials

E103 - 84

(2002)

Standard Test Method for Rapid Indentation Hardness Testing of Metallic Materials

E110 - 82

(2002)

Standard Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Metallic Materials by Portable Hardness Testers

E140 - 07

Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness

E448 - 82

(2008)Standard Practice for Scleroscope Hardness Testing of Metallic Materials

E2546 - 07 Standard Practice for Instrumented Indentation Testing

Designation Title

E883 - 02(2007) Standard Guide for Reflected–Light Photomicrography

E1951 - 02

(2007)

Standard Guide for Calibrating Reticles and Light Microscope Magnifications

Designation Title

E384 - 08ae1 Standard Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Materials

Designation Title

E562 - 08Standard Test Method for Determining Volume Fraction by Systematic Manual Point Count

E1077 - 01

(2005)

Standard Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarburization of Steel Specimens

E1245 - 03

(2008)

Standard Practice for Determining the Inclusion or Second-Phase Constituent Content of Metals by Automatic Image Analysis

E1268 - 01

(2007)

Standard Practice for Assessing the Degree of Banding or Orientation of Microstructures

E1382 - 97

(2004)

Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size Using Semiautomatic and Automatic Image Analysis

E2109 - 01

(2007)

Test Methods for Determining Area Percentage Porosity in Thermal Sprayed Coatings

Designation Title

E837 - 08Standard Test Method for Determining Residual Stresses by the Hole-Drilling Strain-Gage Method

E915 - 96 Standard Test Method for Verifying the Alignment of X-Ray Diffraction



Specimen Preparation

Terminology

Terminology

Uniaxial Testing

(2002) Instrumentation for Residual Stress Measurement

E1426 - 98

(2003)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Effective Elastic Parameter for X-Ray Diffraction Measurements of Residual Stress

E1544 - 99

(2004)e1

Standard Practice for Construction of a Stepped Block and Its Use to Estimate Errors Produced by Speed-of-Sound Measurement Systems for Use on Solids

E1685 - 00

(2006)

Standard Practice for Measuring the Change in Length of Fasteners Using the Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Technique

E1928 - 07Standard Practice for Estimating the Approximate Residual Circumferential Stress in Straight Thin-walled Tubing

Designation Title

E3 - 01(2007) Standard Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens

E340 - 00

(2006)Standard Test Method for Macroetching Metals and Alloys

E381 - 01

(2006)

Standard Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and Forgings

E407 - 07 Standard Practice for Microetching Metals and Alloys

E768 - 99

(2005)

Standard Guide for Preparing and Evaluating Specimens for Automatic Inclusion Assessment of Steel

E1180 - 08Standard Practice for Preparing Sulfur Prints for Macrostructural Evaluation

E1351 - 01

(2006)

Standard Practice for Production and Evaluation of Field Metallographic Replicas

E1558 - 99

(2004)Standard Guide for Electrolytic Polishing of Metallographic Specimens

E1920 - 03

(2008)

Standard Guide for Metallographic Preparation of Thermal Sprayed Coatings

E2015 - 04Standard Guide for Preparation of Plastics and Polymeric Specimens for Microstructural Examination

Designation Title

E6 - 09 Standard Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing

Designation Title

E7 - 03 Standard Terminology Relating to Metallography

Designation Title

E8 / E8M -

08Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials

E9 - 89a

(2000)

Standard Test Methods of Compression Testing of Metallic Materials at Room Temperature



X-Ray and Electron Metallography

Other standards developed by ASTM committees:

E21 - 05Standard Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of Metallic Materials

E111 - 04Standard Test Method for Young's Modulus, Tangent Modulus, and Chord Modulus

E132 - 04 Standard Test Method for Poisson's Ratio at Room Temperature

E139 - 06Standard Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials

E143 - 02

(2008)Standard Test Method for Shear Modulus at Room Temperature

E209 - 00

(2005)

Standard Practice for Compression Tests of Metallic Materials at Elevated Temperatures with Conventional or Rapid Heating Rates and Strain Rates

E238 - 84

(2008)Standard Test Method for Pin-Type Bearing Test of Metallic Materials

E292 - 01Standard Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of Materials

E328 - 02

(2008)

Standard Test Methods for Stress Relaxation Tests for Materials and Structures

E345 - 93

(2008)Standard Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Foil

E1012 - 05Standard Practice for Verification of Test Frame and Specimen Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial Force Application

E1450 - 03Standard Test Method for Tension Testing of Structural Alloys in Liquid Helium

E1875 - 08Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young's Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson's Ratio by Sonic Resonance

E1876 - 07Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young's Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson's Ratio by Impulse Excitation of Vibration

Designation Title

E81 - 96

(2007)Standard Test Method for Preparing Quantitative Pole Figures

E82 - 91

(2007)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Orientation of a Metal Crystal

E766 - 98

(2008)e1

Standard Practice for Calibrating the Magnification of a Scanning Electron Microscope

E963 - 95

(2004)

Standard Practice for Electrolytic Extraction of Phases from Ni and Ni-Fe Base Superalloys Using a Hydrochloric-Methanol Electrolyte

E975 - 03

(2008)

Standard Practice for X-Ray Determination of Retained Austenite in Steel with Near Random Crystallographic Orientation

E986 - 04Standard Practice for Scanning Electron Microscope Beam Size Characterization

E1508 - 98

(2008)

Standard Guide for Quantitative Analysis by Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy

E2142 - 08Standard Test Methods for Rating and Classifying Inclusions in Steel Using the Scanning Electron Microscope



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Mechanical Testing Standards