Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Maha Vidyalaya University

Enathur, Kancheepuram - 631 561

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Curriculum For

ME - Power Systems

(Part-Time Programme)

[CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM]

(For Candidates admitted from the year 2012)

Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya

M.E (POWER SYSTEMS)-PART TIME

CURRICULUM

SEMESTER - I

Course Code

Course Title Credits

1PST1 Applied Mathematics 4

1PST2 Computer Applications to Power Systems 4

1PST3 Digital Power System Protection 4

SEMESTER -II

Course Code

Course Title Credits

2PST1 Power System Operation and Control 4

2PST2 Advanced Power Electronics and Drives 4

2PST3 Power system Dynamics 4

LAB

2PSL1 Power System Simulation Lab - I 3

SEMESTER - III

Course

Code Course Title Credits

3PST1 Renewable Energy Sources 4

3PST2 Linear and Non-Linear Systems 4

3PST3 Power System Stability 4

LAB

3PSL1 Power System Simulation Lab - II 3

SEMESTER - IV

Course

Code Course Title Credits

4PST1 AI Techniques to Power Systems 4

4PST2 Flexible AC Transmission Systems ( FACTS ) 4

4PST3 Power Quality Studies 4

SEMESTER V

Course

Code Course Title Credits

E1 Elective 1 4

E2 Elective 2 4

5PSD1 Dissertation (Phase-I) 4

SEMESTER VI

Course

Code Course Title Credits

6PSD1 Dissertation (Phase-II)

10

Total Credits: 76

LIST OF ELECTIVES

5PSTE1 Power System Management And Deregulation

5PSTE2 High Voltage Power Transmission

5PSTE3 Special Electrical Machines

5PSTE4 Wind Energy Conversion Systems

5PSTE5 High Voltage Switchgear

5PSTE6 Outdoor Insulators

5PSTE7 Power Distribution Systems

5PSTE8 Smart Power Grid

5PSTE9 Research Methodology

5PSTE10 HVDC Transmission Systems

5PSLE11 Advanced Power Electronics and Drives Lab

SEMESTER -1

1PST1 - APPLIED MATHEMATICS

UNIT - 1 ADVANCED MATRIX THEORY 10

Matrix norms - Jordan canonical form - Generalized eigenvectors - Singular value

decomposition - Pseudo inverse - Least square approximations - QR algorithm.

UNIT - 2 CALCULUS OF VARIATIONS 10

Variation and its properties - Euler¶s equation - Functional dependent on first and higher order derivatives - Functional dependent on functions of several independent variables - Some applications - Direct methods: Ritz and Kantorovich methods.

UNIT - 3 LINEAR PROGRAMMING 10

Basic concepts - Graphical and Simplex methods -Transportation problem - Assignment problem.

UNIT - 4 DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING 10

Elements of the dynamic programming model - optimality principle - Examples of dynamic programming models and their solutions.

UNIT - 5 RANDOM PROCESSES 10

Classification - Stationary random processes - Auto Correlation - Cross Correlations - Power spectral

density - Linear system with random input - Gaussian Process.

L = 50 TOTAL = 50

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Lewis.D.W., ³Matrix Theory´ , Allied Publishers, Chennai 1995.

2. Bronson,R, ³Matrix Operations, Schaums outline Series´,McGraw Hill ,New York. 1989.

3. Elsgoltis, " Differential Equations and Calculus of Variations ", MIR Publishers, Moscow (1970).

4. Gupta.A.S., ³Calculus of Variations with Applications´, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi,1999.

5. Taha, H.A., " Operations research - An Introduction ", Mac Millan publishing Co., (1982).

6. Gupta, P.K.and Hira, D.S., " Operations Research ", S.Chand & Co., New Delhi, (1999).

7. Ochi, M.K. " Applied Probability and Stochastic Processes ", John Wiley & Sons (1992).

8. Peebles Jr., P.Z., " Probability Random Variables and Random Signal Principles ", McGraw Hill

Inc., (1993).

SEMESTER I

1PST2 - COMPUTER APPLICATIONS TO POWER SYSTEMS

UNIT 1- SOLUTION TECHNIQUE 10

Sparse Matrix techniques for large scale power systems: Optimal ordering schemes for preserving

sparsity. Flexible packed storage scheme for storing matrix as compact arrays; Factorization by

Bifactorization and Gauss elimination methods; Repeat solution using Left and Right factors and L and U

matrices.

UNIT 2 - POWER FLOW ANALYSIS 10 Power flow model in real variable form; Newton¶s method for solution; Adjustment of P-V buses;

Fast Decoupled Power Flow method; Sensitivity factors for P-V bus adjustment; Net Interchange power

control in Multi-area power flow analysis: Assessment of Available Transfer Capability (ATC) using Power

Flow method; Continuation Power Flow method.

UNIT 3 - SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS 10

Review of fault calculations using sequence networks for different types of faults. Bus impedance matrix

(ZBUS) construction using Building Algorithm for lines with mutual coupling; Simple numerical problems.

Computer method for fault analysis using ZBUS and sequence components. Derivation of equations for

bus voltages, fault current and line currents, both in 012 frame and abc frame using Thevenin¶s

Equivalent and ZBUS matrix for different faults.

UNIT 4 - OPTIMAL POWER FLOW 10

Introduction: Solution of Optimal Power Flow (OPF) - The gradient method, Newton¶s method, Linear

Sensitivity Analysis; LP methods - with real power variables only - LP method with AC power flow

variables and detailed cost functions; Security constrained Optimal Power Flow; Interior point algorithm;

Bus Incremental costs.

UNIT 5 - VOLTAGE STABILITY ANALYSIS, STEADY-STATE 10

Transmission system aspects: SLIB system, maximum deliverable power, power-voltage relationship,

generator reactive power requirement, network versus load P-V characteristics, Instability scenario,

effect of compensation and series, shunt, SVC, V-Q curves, effect of

adjustable transformer ratios.

L = 50 TOTAL = 50

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Stagg G W., El. Abiad A.H. ³Computer Methods in Power System Analysis ´, McGraw Hill, 1968.

2. Elgerd O.I., ³Electrical Energy Systems Theory - An Introduction´, Tata McGraw, 2002.

3. Kundur.P., ³P.S. Stability and Control´, McGraw Hill, 1994.

4. T.V. Cutsem and C.Vournas,´ Voltage Stability of Electric Power Systems´, Kluwer Publishers,

1998.

5. J.Wood and B.F.Wollenberg,´Power Generation Operation and Control´, John Wiley and sons,

New York, 1996.

SEMESTER I 1PST3 - DIGITAL POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION

UNIT 1 - Numerical Protection: 10

Introduction , block diagram of numerical relay, sampling theorem, correlation with a reference wave, least error squared (LES) technique, digital filtering, numerical over- current protection.

UNIT 2 - Digital Protection of Transmission line: 10

Introduction, Protection scheme of transmission line, distance relays, traveling wave relays, digital protection scheme based upon fundamental signal, hardware design, software design, digital protection of EHV/UHV transmission line based upon traveling wave phenomenon, new relaying scheme using amplitude comparison.

UNIT 3 - Digital protection of Synchronous generator & Power Transformer: 10

Introduction, faults in synchronous generator, protection schemes for synchronous generator, digital protection of synchronous generator. Introduction, faults in a transformer, schemes used for transformer protection, digital protection of transformer

UNIT 4 - Distance and over current relay setting and co-ordination 10

Instantaneous IDMT over current relay, directional multi zone distance relay, distance relay setting, co-ordination of distance relays, co-ordination of over current relays, computer graphics display, man-machine interface subsystem, integrated operation of national power system, application of computer graphics.

UNIT 5 - PC applications in short circuit studies for designing relaying scheme : 10

Types of faults, assumptions, development of algorithm for S.C. studies, PC based integrated software for S.C. studies, transformation to component quantities, S.C. Studies o f m u l t i p h a s e s y s t e m s . Ultra high speed protective relays for high voltage long transmission line.

L = 50 TOTAL = 50

Reference Books :

1. Digital Protection L. P. Singh, (New Age International (P) Limited Publishers, New Delhi, 2

2. Transmission Network Protecti Paithankar (Marcel & Dekker, New York)

3. Fundamentals of Power System Protection Paithankar & Bhide (Prentice Hall of India Pvt 4. Ltd., New Delhi)

5. Protective Relaying for Power System II Stanley Horowitz (IEEE press , New York)

SEMESTER II 2PST1 - POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL

UNIT 1- LOAD FORECASTING 10

Introduction - Estimation of Average and trend terms - Estimation of periodic components - Estimation of Stochastic components : Time series approach - Auto- Regressive Model, Auto-Regressive Moving - Average Models - Kalman Filtering Approach - On-line techniques for non stationary load prediction.

UNIT 2 - UNIT COMMITMENT 10

Constraints in unit commitment - Spinning reserve - Thermal unit constraints - Other constraints - Solution using Priority List method, Dynamic programming method - Forward DP approach - Lagrangian relaxation method..

UNIT 3 - GENERATION SCHEDULING 10

The Economic dispatch problem - Thermal system dispatching with network losses considered - The

Lambda - iteration method - Gradient method of economic dispatch - Economic dispatch with

Piecewise Linear cost functions - Transmission system effects - A two generator system -

coordination equations - Incremental losses and penalty factors-Hydro Thermal Scheduling

using DP.

UNIT 4 - CONTROL OF POWER SYSTEMS 10

Review of AGC and reactive power control -System operating states by security control functions - Monitoring, evaluation of system state by contingency analysis - Corrective controls (Preventive, emergency and restorative) - Energy control center - SCADA system - Functions - monitoring , Data acquisition and controls - EMS system.

UNIT 5 - STATE ESTIMATION 10

Maximum likelihood Weighted Least Squares Estimation: - Concepts - Matrix formulation -

Example for Weighted Least Squares state estimation ; State estimation of an AC network:

development of method - Typical results of state estimation on an AC network - State

Estimation by Orthogonal Decomposition algorithm - Introduction to Advanced topics : Detection

and Identification of Bad Measurements , Estimation of Quantities Not Being Measured , Network

Observability and Pseudo - measurements - Application of Power Systems State Estimation .

L = 50 TOTAL = 50 REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. O.I.Elgerd, ³Electric Energy System Theory - an Introduction´, - Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi - 2002.

2. P.Kundur ; ³Power System Stability and Control´, EPRI Publications, California , 1994.

3. Allen J.Wood and Bruce.F.Wollenberg, ³Power Generation Operation and Control¶, John Wiley & Sons , New York, 1996.

4. A.K.Mahalanabis, D.P.Kothari. and S.I.Ahson., ³Computer Aided Power System Analysis and Control´, Tata McGraw Hill publishing Ltd , 1984.

.

SEMESTER II 2PST2 – ADVANCED POWER ELECTRONICS and DRIVES

P = 60 Total= 60

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION 10 Basic Concept of Power Electronics, Different types of Power Electronic Devices – Diodes, Transistors and SCR, MOSFET, IGBT and GTO’s. UNIT 2: AC TO DC CONVERTERS 10 Single Phase and three phase bridge rectifiers, half controlled and Fully Controlled Converters with R, RL, AND RLE loads. Free Wheeling Diodes, Dual Converter, Sequence Control of Converters – inverter operation, Input Harmonics and Output Ripple, Smoothing Inductance. UNIT 3: DC TO AC CONVERTERS 10 Basics of Inverter – Classifications – VSI - single Phase Half and Full Bridge Inverters, three phase 180o

and 120o Configurations – Basic current source inverters- Need for feedback diodes in anti parallel with switches - Voltage Control and PWM strategies – Series Inverter – Parallel Inverter. UNIT 4: DC MOTOR DRIVES 10 Speed control of DC motors – Thyristor converter fed DC drives : Single, two and four quadrant operations - Chopper Drives. UNIT 5: AC MOTOR DRIVES 10 Speed control of Induction motors – Stator control – stator voltage and frequency control, Rotor Control , Slip Power Recovery Schemes – Kramer and scherbius Drives - AC chopper, Inverter, cycloconverter fed induction motor drives. Introduction - Synchronous Motor drives REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. P.S.Bimbhra, Power Electronics, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 2002

2. Dubey G.K. and Kasara .Bada Rao., Power Electronic and Drives, Narosa Publications, 1986.

3. G.K.Dubey, Doradia, S.R. Joshi and R.M.Sinha, Thyristorised, Power Controllers, New Age

International Publishers, New Delhi, 1996.

4. M.H.Rashid, Power Electronics – circuits, devices and applications, PHI, New Delhi, 1995.

5. P.C.Sen, Modern Power Electronics, Wheeler Publishers, New Delhi, 1998.

6. Vedam Subramaniyam, Electric Drives, Tata McGraw Hill Ltd, 1994.

SEMESTER II

2PST3 - POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS

UNIT 1 - SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES AND MODELING 10

Physical description-Armature and field structure - Machines with multiple pole pairs- MMF waveforms- Direct and quadrature axes -Mathematical description of a synchronous machine - Review of magnetic circuit equations - Basic equations of a synchronous machine - dq0 transformation - Per unit representation - Per unit system for the stator quantities - Per unit stator voltage equations - Per unit rotor voltage equations - stator flux linkage equations - rotor flux linkage equations - per unit system for the rotor - per unit power and torque - Alternative per unit systems and transformations - summary of per unit equations.

UNIT 2 - MODELLING OF EXCITATION SYSTEMS 10

Excitation system requirements-Elements of an excitation system-Types of excitation system-Dynamic performance measures-Control and protective functions - modeling of excitation systems - Per unit system - modeling of excitation system components - modeling of complete excitation systems - Field testing for model development and verification.

UNIT 3 - MODELLING OF AC TRANSMISSION 10

Electrical characteristics - performance equations - natural or surge impedance loading - equivalent

circuit of a transmission line - typical parameters - Performance requirements of power transmission

lines - voltage and current profile under no - load - voltage power characteristics - power transfer and

stability considerations - effect of line loss on V - P and Q - P characteristics - thermal limits

- Loadability characteristics.

UNIT 4 - MODELLING OF POWER SYSTEM LOADS 10

Basic load modeling concepts - static load models - dynamic load models - modeling of induction motors equations of an induction machine - alternative rotor constructions - representation of saturation per unit representation - representation in stability studies.

UNIT5 - MODELING OF FACTS CONTROLLERS 10

Shunt compensation - series compensation - emerging FACTS controllers - static

s y n c h r o n o u s compensator - static synchronous series compensator - unified power flow controller.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. P.Kundur, Power System Stability and Control TATA McGraw-Hill, 1993.

2. R.Ramanujam Power System Dynamics PHI Learning(P) Ltd.,

3. Allen J.Wood and Bruce F. Woolenberg, Power Generation Operation and Contro, John Wiley &

Sons, New York, 1996.

4. P.M.Anderson and A.A Fouad, Power System Control and Stability, lowa State University

press, Ames,Lowa,1978.

SEMESTER II

2PSL1 - POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LABORATORY - 1

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Power flow analysis: Gauss - Seidel, Newton Raphson methods, Fast decoupled power

flow and Continuation power flow analysis

2. Contingency analysis: Generator shift factors and line outage distribution factors

3. Small signal stability analysis: SMIB and Multi machine configuration

4. Transient stability analysis of Multi - machine configuration

5. Economic dispatch with line flow constraints

6. Unit commitment: Priority-list schemes and dynamic programming

7. Co-ordination of over current and distance relays for radial line protection

8. Induction motor starting analysis

9. Analysis of switching surge.

10. State Estimation

11. LFC Using Simulink

P = 60 Total= 60

SEMESTER III

3PST1 - RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

UNIT 1 - Solar Energy: 10

Solar radiation, solar radiation geometry, solar radiation on tilted surface. Solar energy collector. Flat- plate collector, concentrating collector -parabolidal and heliostat. Solar pond. Basic solar power plant. Solar cell, solar cell array, basic photovoltaic power generating system.

UNIT 2 - Wind Energy: 10

Basic principle of wind energy conversion, efficiency of conversion, site selection. Electric power

generation-basic components, horizontal axis and vertical axis wind turbines, towers, generators, control and monitoring components. Basic electric generation schemes- constant speed constant frequency, variable speed constant frequency and variable speed variable frequency schemes. Applications of wind energy.

UNIT 3 - Geothermal Energy: 10

Geothermal fields, estimates of geothermal power. Basic geothermal steam power plant, binary fluid geothermal power plant and geothermal preheat hybrid power plant. Advantages and disadvantages of geothermal energy. Applications of geothermal energy. Geothermal energy in India.

UNIT 4 - Biomass Energy: 10 Introduction, biomass categories, bio-fuels. Introduction to biomass conversion technologies. Biogas generation, basic biogas plants-fixed dome type, floating gasholder type, Deen Bandhu biogas plant, Pragati design biogas plant. Utilization of biogas. Energy plantation. Pyrolysis scheme. Alternative liquid fuels -ethanol and methanol. Ethanol production.

UNIT 5 - Renewable Energy Policy and Legislation 10

Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd - Information and Public Awareness - International Relations - Integrated Finance- Planning - co-ordination and administration- Rural Energy - Integrated Rural Energy Programme.

L= 50 Total = 50

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Non Conventional Energy Sources ,by G. D. Rai, ISBN: 8174090738, Khanna

Publishers

2. The Homeowner's Guide to Renewable Energy, By Dan Chiras, New Society

Publishers ,ISBN: 9780865715363

3. Renewable energy engineering and technology, TERI Press

4. TERI Energy Data Directory & Yearbook (TEDDY) 2005/06

5. National Energy Map for India, ISBN: 81-7993-064-5

SEMESTER III

3PST2 - LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR SYSTEMS THEORY

UNIT 1 - PHYSICAL SYSTEMS AND STATE ASSIGNMENT 10

Systems: Electrical - Mechanical - Hydraulic - Pneumatic - Thermal systems -Modelling of some typical systems like DC Machines - Inverted Pendulum.

UNIT 2 - STATE SPACE ANALYSIS 10

Realisation of State models : - Non-uniqueness - Minimal realisation - Balanced realisation - Solution of state equations: - State transition matrix and its properties - Free and forced responses - Properties: Controllability and observability- Kalman decomposition.

UNIT 3 - MIMO SYSTEMS -FREQUENCY DOMAIN DESCRIPTIONS 10 Properties of transfer functions - Impulse response matrices - Poles and zeros of transfer function matrices - Critical frequencies - Resonance - Steady state and dynamic response - Bandwidth- Nyquist plots-Singular value analysis.

UNIT 4 - NON-LINEAR SYSTEMS 10

Types of non-linearity - Typical examples - Equivalent linearization - Phase plane analysis - Limit cycles - Describing functions- Analysis using Describing functions- Jump resonance.

UNIT 5 - STABILITY 10

Stability concepts - Equilibrium points - BIBO and asymptotic stability - Direct method of Liapunov - Application to non-linear problems - Frequency domain stability criteria - Popov¶s method and its extensions.

L= 50 Total = 50

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. M.Gopal, ³Modern Control Engineering´, Wiley, 1996.

2. J.S. Bay, ³ Linear State Space Systems, McGraw-Hill, 1999.

3. Eroni-Umez and Eroni, ³ System dynamics & Control, Thomson Brooks/ Cole, 1998.

4. K. Ogatta, ³Modern Control Engineering´, Pearson Education Asia, Low priced Edition,

1997.

5. G.J.Thaler, ³Automatic control systems´, Jaico publishers, 1993.

6. John S. Bay, ³ Linear State Space Systems´, MacGrawHill International edition, 1999.

SEMESTER III

3PST3 - POWER SYSTEM STABILITY

UNIT 1 - INTRODUCTION 10

Power System stability considerations - definitions- classification of stability - rotor angle and voltage stability- synchronous machine representation- classical model - load modeling- concepts- modeling of excitation systems - modeling of prime movers.

UNIT 2 - TRANSIENT STABILITY ANALYSIS 10

Transient stability-swing equation-equal area criterion-solution of swing equation-Numerical methods-Euler method-Runge-Kutte method-critical clearing time and angle-effect of excitation system and governors-Multimachine stability -extended equal area criterion- transient energy function approach.

UNIT 3 - SMALL SIGNAL STABILITY 10

Small signal stability - state space representation - eigen values- modal matrices-small signal stability of single machine infinite bus system - synchronous machine classical model representation-effect of field circuit dynamics-effect of excitation system-small signal stability of multi machine system.

UNIT 4 - VOLTAGE STABILITY 10

Review of transmission aspects - Generation aspects : Review of synchronous machine theory - Voltage and frequency controllers - Limiting devices affecting voltage stability - V- Q characteristics of synchronous generators - Capability curves - Effect of machine limitation on deliverable power - Load aspects - Voltage dependence of loads - Load restoration dynamics - Induction motors - Load tap changers - Thermostatic load recovery - General aggregate load models.

UNIT 5 - IMPROVING STABILITY 10

Methods of improving stability - transient stability enhancement - high speed fault clearing - steam turbine fast valving -high speed excitation systems- Fundamentals and performance of Power System Stabilizer - Multi band PSS - Three dimensional PSS - Location & dispatch of reactive power by VAR sources.

L= 50 Total = 50

REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Kundur, P., ÄPower System Stability and Control , McGraw-Hill International Editions,1994.

2. Anderson, P.M. and Fouad, A.A., ÄPower System Control and Stability , Galgotia

Publications, New Delhi, 1994.

3. Van Cutsem, T. and Vournas, C., ÄVoltage Stability of Electric Power Systems , Kluwer

Academic Publishers, 1998.

4. Taylor.C.W, Power system voltage stability, McGraw-Hill, 1994.

5. Kimbark.E.W, power system stability Vol. II John Wiley Sons, I. 1950

SEMESTER III

3PSL1 - POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LABORATORY – II

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Steady state Analysis of Synchronous Machines Using PSCAD.

2. Steady state Analysis of Synchronous Machines connected to Infinite Bus Using PSCAD.

3. Steady state Analysis of Excitation Control Systems Using PSCAD.

4 Design of power system stabilizer using PSCAD

5 Modelling of SVC for power system studies

6 Modelling of TCSC for power system studies

7 Modelling of STATCOM

P = 60 Total= 60

SEMESTER IV

4PST1 - AI TECHNIQUES TO POWER SYSTEMS

UNIT 1- INTRODUCTION TO NEURAL NETWORKS 10

Basics of ANN - perceptron - delta learning rule - back propagation algorithm - multilayer feed forward network - memory models - bi-directional associative memory - Hopfield network.

UNIT 2 - APPLICATIONS TO POWER SYSTEM PROBLEMS 10

Application of neural networks to load forecasting - contingency analysis - VAR control - economic load dispatch.

UNIT 3 - INTRODUCTION TO FUZZY LOGIC 10

Crispness - vagueness - fuzziness - uncertainty - fuzzy set theory fuzzy sets - fuzzy set operations - fuzzy measures - fuzzy relations - fuzzy function - structure of fuzzy logic controller - fuzzification models - data base - rule base - inference engine defuzzification module.

UNIT 4 - APPLICATIONS TO POWER SYSTEMS 10 Decision making in power system control through fuzzy set theory - use of fuzzy set models of LP in power systems scheduling problems - fuzzy logic based power system stabilizer.

UNIT 5- GENETIC ALGORITHM AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO POWER SYSTEMS 10

Introduction - simple genetic algorithm - reproduction - crossover - mutation - advanced operators in genetic search - applications to voltage control and stability studies.

L= 50 Total = 50

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. James A. Freeman and Skapura.B.M Neural Networks - Algorithms Applications and

Programming Techniques, Addison Wesley, 1990.

2. George Klir and Tina Folger.A, ÄFuzzy sets, Uncertainty and Information, Prentice Hall of India, 1993.

3. Zimmerman.H.J,Fuzzy Set Theory and its Applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers 1994.

4. IEEE tutorial on ÄApplication of Neural Network to Power Systems, 1996.

5. Loi Lei Lai, ÄIntelligent System Applications in Power Engineering, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 1998.

SEMESTER IV

4PST2 - FLEXIBE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS ( FACTS )

UNIT 1 - INTRODUCTION 10

Reactive power control in electrical power transmission lines -Uncompensated transmission line - series compensation - Basic concepts of static Var Compensator (SVC) - Thyristor Switched Series capacitor (TCSC) - Unified power flow controller (UPFC).

UNIT 2 - STATIC VAR COMPENSATOR (SVC) AND APPLICATIONS 10

Voltage control by SVC - Advantages of slope in dynamic characteristics- Influence of SVC on system voltage - Design of SVC voltage regulator - Modelling of SVC for power flow and transient stability - Applications. Enhancement of transient stability - Steady state power transfer - Enhancement of Power system damping - Prevention of voltage instability.

UNIT 3 - THYRISTOR CONTROLLED SERIES CAPACITOR (TCSC) AND APPLICATIONS

10

Operation of the TCSC - Different modes of operation - Modelling of TCSC - Variable reactance model- Modelling for Power Flow and stability studies. Applications: Improvement of the system stability limit- Enhancement of system damping - SSR Mitigation.

UNIT 4 VOLTAGE SOURCE CONVERTER BASED FACTS CONTROLLERS 1 0

Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) - Principle of operation - V-I Characteristics. Applications: Steady state power transfer-Enhancement of transient stability - Prevention of voltage instability. SSSC-operation of SSSC and the control of power flow - Modelling of SSSC in load flow and transient stability studies. Applications: SSR Mitigation-UPFC and IPFC

UNIT 5 CO-ORDINATION OF FACTS CONTROLLERS 10

Controller interac t ion s - SVC - SVC interaction - Co-ordination of multiple controllers using linear control techniques - Control coordination using genetic algorithms

L= 50 Total = 50

REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Mohan Mathur.R, Rajiv K.Varma, ³Thyristor - Based Facts Controllers for

2. Electrical Transmission Systems´, IEEE press and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

3. Narain G. Hingorani, ³Understanding FACTS -Concepts and Technology of

4. Flexible AC Transmission Systems´, Standard Publishers Distributors, Delhi- 110006

5. Padiyar.K.S,´ FACTS Controllers in Power Transmission and Distribution´, New

6. Age International(P) Limited, Publishers, New Delhi, 2008

7. John.A.T, ³Flexible A.C. Transmission Systems´, Institution of Electrical and

8. Electronic Engineers (IEEE), 1999.

9. Sood.V.K,HVDC and FACTS controllers - Applications of Static Converters in Power System, Kluwer

Academic Publishers, 2004.

SEMESTER IV

4PST3 - POWER QUALITY STUDIES

UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION 10

Power Quality phenomena - Basic terminologies - various events in power quality - causes for reduction

in power quality - power Quality standards.

UNIT 2 VOLTAGE SAGS 10

Causes of voltage sags - magnitude and duration of voltage sags - effect on adjustable AC drives, DC

drives, computers and consumer electronics - monitoring and mitigation of voltage sags.

UNIT 3 INTERRUPTIONS 10

Origin of Long and short interruptions - influence on various equipments - reliability of power supply -

basics reliability evaluation techniques - monitoring and mitigation of interruptions.

UNIT 4 HARMONICS 10

Origin of harmonics - effect of harmonics on adjustable speed ac drives - harmonic reduction using

PWM and harmonic injection.

UNIT 5 MEASUREMENTS, POWER QUALITY CONDITIONERS 10

Interpretation and analysis of power quality measurements - Active filters as power quality

conditioners - Basic concept of unified power quality conditioners.

L = 50 TOTAL = 50

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Math.H.J.Bollen, ³Understanding power quality problems - voltage sags an interruptions´, IEEE

Press, 2006.

2. Roger C.Dugan , Mark .F. Mc Granaghan, Surya Santaso, H.Wayne Beaty, “Electrical Power Systems Quality”, Second Edition, Mc Graw Hill, 2002 3.

SEMESTER V

LIST OF ELECTIVES

5PST1 - POWER SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND DEREGULATION

UNIT 1 - FUNDAMENTALS AND ARCHITECTURE OF POWERMARKETS 10

Deregulation of Electric utilities: Introduction-Unbundling-Wheeling- Reform motivations- Fundamentals of Deregulated Markets - Types (Future, Day-ahead and Spot) - Participating in Markets (Consumer and Producer Perspective) - bilateral markets - pool markets.Independent System Operator (ISO)-components-types of ISO - role of ISO - Lessons and Operating Experiences of Deregulated Electricity Markets in various Countries (UK, Australia, Europe, US, Asia).

UNIT 2 - TECHNICAL CHALLENGES 10

Total Transfer Capability - Limitations - Margins - Available transfer capability (ATC) - Procedure - Methods to compute ATC - Static and Dynamic ATC - Effect of contingency analysis - Case Study. Concept of Congestion Management - Bid, Zonal and Node Congestion Principles - Inter and Intra zonal congestion - Generation Rescheduling - Transmission congestion contracts - Case Study.

UNIT 3 - TRANSMISSION NETWORKS AND SYSTEM SECURITY SERVICES 10

Transmission expansion in the New Environment - Introduction - Role of transmission planning - Physical Transmission Rights Limitations- Flow gate - Financial Transmission Rights - Losses - Managing Transmission Risks - Hedging - Investment. Ancillary Services - Introduction - Describing Needs Compulsory and Demand-side provision - Buying and Selling Ancillary Services - Standards.

UNIT4 - MARKET PRICING 10

Transmission pricing in open access system - Introduction - Spot Pricing - Uniform Pricing - Zonal Pricing - Locational Marginal Pricing - Congestion Pricing - Ramping and Opportunity Costs. Embedded cost based transmission pricing methods (Postage stamp, Contract path and MW -mile) - Incremental cost based transmission pricing methods ( Short run marginal cost, Long run marginal cost) - Pricing of Losses on Lines and Nodes.

UNIT 5 - INDIAN POWER MARKET 10

Current Scenario - Regions - Restructuring Choices - Statewise Operating Strategies - Salient features of Indian Electricity Act 2003 - Transmission System Operator - Regulatory and Policy development in Indian power Sector - Opportunities for IPP and Capacity Power Producer. Availability based tariff - Necessity - Working Mechanism - Beneficiaries - Day Scheduling Process - Deviation from Schedule - Unscheduled Interchange Rate - System Marginal Rate - Trading Surplus Generation - Applications.

L = 50 TOTAL = 50

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Kankar Bhattacharya, Math H.J. Bollen and Jaap E. Daalder, ³Operation of Restructured Power Systems´, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001 2. Loi Lei Lai, ³Power system Restructuring and Regulation´, John Wiley sons, 2001.

3. Shahidehpour.M and Alomoush.M, ³Restructuring Electrical Power Systems´, Marcel Decker Inc., 2001.

4. Steven Stoft, ³ Power System Economics´, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2002

5. Daniel S. Kirschen and Goran Strbac, ³ Fundamentals of Power System Economics´, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2004.

6. Scholarly Transaction Papers and Utility web sites

Web Sites:

1. www.pjm.com

2. www.caiso.com

3. www.midwestiso.com

5PST2 - HIGH VOLTAGE POWER TRANSMISSION

UNIT 1 - Engineering Aspects of EHV AC Transmission System. 10

Principles, configuration, special features of high voltage AC lines, power transfer ability, reactive power compensation, audible noise, corona bundle conductors, electric field, right of way, clearances in a tower, phase to phase, phase to ground, phase to tower, factors to be considered, location of ground wire, angle of protection, clearances, tower configuration. Principles of radio interference, origin of radio interference, method of propagation, factors to be considered in line design.

UNIT 2 - Power System Transients 10

Introduction, circuit closing transients, sudden symmetrical short circuit of alternator, recovery transients due to removal of short circuit, traveling waves on transmission lines, wave equation, surge impedance and wave velocity, specifications of traveling waves, reflection and refraction of waves, typical cases of line terminations , equivalent circuit for traveling wave studies, forked lines, reactive termination, successive reflections, Bewley lattice diagram, attenuation and distortion, arcing grounds, capacitance switching, current chopping, lightning phenomenon, over voltages due to lightning, line design based on direct strokes, protection of systems against surges, statistical aspects of insulation co-ordination.

UNIT 3 - HVDC, General Background 10

EHV A C versus HVDC Transmission, power flow through HVDC link, equation for HVDC power flow, effect of delay angle and angle of advance, bridge connections, waveform of six pulse and twelve pulse bridge converter, commutation, phase control, angle of extinction, control of DC voltage, connections of three phase six pulse and twelve pulse converter bridges, voltage and current waveforms.

UNIT 4 - HVDC SWITCHING 10

Bipolar HVDC terminal, converter transformer connections, switching arrangements in DC yard for earth return to metallic return, HVDC switching system , switching arrangements in a bipolar HVDC terminal, sequence of switching operations, HVDC circuit breakers, DC current interruption, commutation principle, probable types and applications of HVDC circuit breakers, multi-terminal HVDC systems, parallel tapping, reversal of power, configurations and types of multi-term inal HVDC s ystems, commercial multi terminal systems

UNIT 5 - PROTECTION IN HVDC 10

Faults and abnormal condition in bipolar, two terminal HVDC system, pole-wise egregation, protective zones, clearing of DC line faults and reenergizing, protection .of converters, transformer, converter valves, DC yards, integration of protection and controls, hierarchical levels of control, block diagram, schematic diagram, current control, power control, DC voltage control, commutation channel, master control, station control, lead station, trail station, pole control, equidistant firing control, synchronous HVDC link, asynchronous HVDC Link.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. An Introduction to High Voltage Engineering by Subir Ray, Prentice Hall of India

Private Limited, New Delhi - 110 001.

2. HVDC Transmission- Adamson C. Hingorani N.G.

3. Power Transmission by DC Uhimann E.

4. HVAC and HVDC Transmission, E ngineering and practice : S. Rao, Khanna

Publisher, Delhi.

5. Electric Power Systems : B.M. Weddy and B.J.Cory, John Wiely and Sons,

Fourth edition (2002)

6. Power System Analysis and Design : J.Duncan Glover, Mulukutla S.Sarma,

Thomson Brooks/cole /Third E dition (2003)

7. EHV AC Transmission Rakosh Das Begamudre, New Age Publishers.

8. Direct Current Transmission Vol-I, Kimbark E.W. , Wiley Interscience

5PST3 - SPECIAL ELECTRICAL MACHINES

1. SYNCHRONOUS RELUCTANCE MOTORS 10

Constructional features: axial and radial air gap Motors. Operating principle, reluctance torque –

phasor diagram, motor characteristics – Linear induction machines.

2. STEPPING MOTORS 10 Constructional features, principle of operation, modes of excitation torque production in Variable Reluctance (VR) stepping motor, Dynamic characteristics, Drive systems and circuit for open loop control, Closed loop control of stepping motor. 3. SWITCHED RELUTANCE MOTORS 10

Constructional features-principle of operation-Torque equation-Power Controllers-Characteristics and control Microprocessor based controller.

4. PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS 10

Principle of operation, EMF, power input and torque expressions, Phasor diagram, Power controllers, Torque speed characteristics, Self control, Vector control, Current control schemes. 5. PERMANENT MAGNET BRUSHLESS DC MOTORS 10 Commutation in DC motors, Difference between mechanical and electronic commutators, Hall sensors, Optical sensors, Multiphase Brushless motor, Square wave permanent magnet brushless motor drives, Torque and emf equation, Torque-speed characteristics, Controllers-Microprocessor based controller.

REFERENCES BOOKS

1. Miller, T.J.E. “Brushless permanent magnet and reluctance motor drives ", Clarendon Press,

Oxford, 1989.

2. Kenjo, T, “Stepping motors and their microprocessor control ", Clarendon Press, Oxford,

1989.

3.. Kenjo, T and Naganori, S “Permanent Magnet and brushless DC motors ", Clarendon Press,

Oxford, 1989.

4. Kenjo, T. Power Electronics for the microprocessor Age, 1989.

5. B.K. Bose, “Modern Power Electronics & AC drives”

6. R.Krishnan, “Electric Motor Drives – Modeling, Analysis and Control”, Prentice-Hall of India

Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2003

5PST4 WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS

1. INTRODUCTION 10

Components of WECS-WECS schemes-Power obtained from wind-simple momentum theory-

Power coefficient-Sabinin’s theory-Aerodynamics of Wind turbine

2. WIND TURBINES 10

HAWT-VAWT-Power developed-Thrust-Efficiency-Rotor selection-Rotor design

considerations-Tip speed ratio-No. of Blades-Blade profile-Power Regulation-yaw control-

Pitch angle control-stall control-Schemes for maximum power extraction.

3. FIXED SPEED SYSTEMS 10

Generating Systems- Constant speed constant frequency systems -Choice of Generators-

Deciding factors-Synchronous Generator-Squirrel Cage Induction Generator- Model of Wind

Speed- Model wind turbine rotor - Drive Train model-Generator model for Steady state and

Transient stability analysis.

4. VARIABLE SPEED SYSTEMS 10

Need of variable speed systems-Power-wind speed characteristics-Variable speed constant

frequency systems synchronous generator- DFIG- PMSG -Variable speed generators

modeling - Variable speed variable frequency schemes.

5. GRID CONNECTED SYSTEMS 10

Stand alone and Grid Connected WECS system-Grid connection Issues-Machine side & Grid

side controllers-WECS in various countries

TOTAL : 50 PERIODS

REFERENCES BOOKS

1. L.L.Freris “Wind Energy conversion Systems”, Prentice Hall, 1990

2. Ion Boldea, “Variable speed generators”, Taylor & Francis group, 2006.

3. E.W.Golding “The generation of Electricity by wind power”, Redwood burn Ltd.,

Trowbridge,1976.

4. S.Heir “Grid Integration of WECS”, Wiley 1998.

5PSTE5 High Voltage Switchgear

1. INTRODUCTION 10

Insulation of switchgear - Rated and tested voltage co-ordination between inner and external

msulat1on. Insulation clearances in air, oil SF and vacuum, bushing insulation, solid insulating

materials - Dielectric and mechanical strength consideration.

2. CIRCUIT INTERRUPTION 10 Switchgear terminology - Arc characteristics - direct and alternating current interruption - Arc

quenching phenomena - Computer simulation of arc models- Transient re-striking voltage - RRRV

- Recovery voltage - Current chopping - Capacitive current breaking - Auto re-closing.

3. SHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATIONS AND RATING OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS 10 Types of faults in Power systems-short c1rcu1t current and short circuit MVA calculations for

different types of faults-ratings of circuit breakers- symmetrical and asymmetrical ratings.

4. CIRCUIT BREAKERS 10 Classifications of circuit breakers-Design, construction and operating principles of bulk oil,

minimum oil, air blast, SF" and vacuum circuit breakers- Comparison of different types of circuit

breakers.

5. TESTING OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS 10 Type tests and routine tests - Short circuit testing - Synthetic testing of circuit breakers- Recent

advancements in high voltage circuit breakers - Diagnosis.

TOTAL: 50 PERIODS

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Chunikhin A and Zhavoronkov M., "High Voltage Switchgear analysis and Design", Mir

Publishers, MOSCOW, 1989.

2. Kuffel E., Zaengl, W.S., and Kuffel J., "High Voltage Engin ering Fundamentals",

Newness, second edition , Butterworth - Heinemann publishers, New Delhi, 2000.

3. Flursscheim, C.H. (Editor), "Power Circuit breaker- theory and design", lEE Monograph

series 17. Peter Peregrinus Ltd. Southgatge House, Stevenage, Herts, SC1 1HQ, Englsand,

1977.

4. Anathakrishnan S and Guruprasad K.P., "Transient Recovery Voltage and Circuit

Breakers", Tala McGraw- Hill Publishing company ltd., New Delhi, 1999.

5PSTE6 OUTDOOR INSULATORS

1. Introduction 10 Overview - Important definitions - Types of outdoor insulators- Uses of outdoor insula tors - Stresses encountered in service - Electrical per formance - Mechanical performance- Role of Insulators on overall power system reliability - Shapes of outdoor insulators - Mechanical and electrical ratings of Insulators - Comparison of porcelain, glass and compos1te insulators - Life expectancy. 2. Non ceramic Insulator Technology 10 Introduction- Materials for weather sheds I housings - Shed design - Insulator core - Hardware- Establishing equivalency to porcelain/glass - Manufacturing changes and Quality Control (QC) - Un-standardization/propagation - Live­ line maintenance handling, cleaning and packaging - Brittle fracture - Water drop corona - Aging and longevity - Grading control rings. 3. Design and Manufacture of Insulators 10 Porcelain insulators - Manufacture of porcelain insulators - The porcelain suspension insulator - Porcelain pin-type insulators - Porcelain multicone Insulators - porcelain long-rod and post insulators- Porcelain insulators glazes - Porcelain insulator hardware - Porcelain insulator cement - The porcelain dielectric. Glass Insulators -The glass suspension insulator - Glass pin-type insulators - Glass multicone post insulators - Manufacture of glass insulators - Glass Insulator hardware - Glass msulator cement - The glass dielectric. Nonceramic insulators - Nonceramic suspenston insulator - Line post insulator -Hollow core insulator- Manufacture of nonceramic insulators- The composite dielectric - Voltage stress control. 4. Testing Standards for Insulators 10 Need for standards- Standards producing organizations- Insulator standards - Classification of porcelain I glass insulator tests - Brief description and philosophy of various tests for cap and pin porcelain/glass insulators- Summary of standards for porcelain/glass insulators - Standards of nonceramic (Composite) insulators - Classification of tests, philosophy and brief description - Standards for nonceramic insulators. 5. Selection and Maintenance of Insulators 10 Introduction - Cost and weight - National Electricity Safety Code (NESC) - Basic Lightntng Impulse Insulation Level (BIL) - Contamination performance ­ Experience with silicone rubber insulators in salt areas - Compaction- Grading rings for nonceramic insulators.Maintenance of insula tors-Maintenance inspection - Hotline washing - Equivalent salt deposit

TOTAL: 50 PERIODS

REFERENCES BOOKS:

1. Ravi S. Gorur, Edward A. Cherney and Jeffrey T. Burnham, "Outdoor Insulators"

2. Ravi S. Gorur. Inc., Phoenix, Arizona 85044, USA,1999.

3. J.S.T. Looms, "Insulators for High Voltages", Peter Peregrinus Ltd., 1988.

4. A.O. Austin, "Porcelain Insulators", Ohio Brass Company, 1980.

5. IEC 1109, "Composite Insulators for AC overhead lines with a Nominal Voltage Greater than 1OOOV, Definition, Test Methods and Acceptance Criteria", 1992.

6. EPRI, "Transmission Lines Reference Book- 345kV and above", 1982.

7. ANSI C 29.1, "Electrical Power Insulator- Test Methods", 1992.

5PSTE7 POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

1. INTRODUCTION 10 General: Introduction to Distribution system, an overview of the role of computers in distribution system plann1ng-Load modelling and characteristics: definition of basic terms like demand factor, utilization factor, load factor, plant factor, diversity factor, coincidence factor, contribution factor and loss factor­ Relationship between the load factor and loss factor - Classification of loads(Residential, Commercial, Agricultural and Industrial) and their characteristics. 2. DISTRIBUTION FEEDERS AND SUBSTATIONS 10 Distribution Feeders and substations-Design considera tion of distribution feeders-Radial and loop types of pnmary feeders, voltage levels, feeder­ loading. 3. DESIGN PRACTICE OF THE SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 10 Location of substations-Rating of a distribution substation, service area with primary feeders-Benefits derived through optimal location of substations. 4. DISTR IBUTION SYSTEM ANALYSIS 10 Voltage drop and power loss calculations: Derivation for volt-drop and power loss in lines, manual methods of solution for radial networks, three-phase balanced primary lines, non-three-phase pnmary lines. 5. PROTECTIVE DEVICES AND COORDINATION 10 Objectives of distribution system protection, types of common faults and procedure for fault calculation-Protective Devices: Principle of operation of fuses, circuit reclosers, line sectionalizer and circuit breakers-Coordination of protective devices-General coordination procedure.

TOTAL: 50 Periods REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Turan Gonen, "Electric Power Distribution System Engineering", Tala McGraw-Hill Book Company, 11086. 2. A.S.Pabla, Electric Power Distribution Tata Me Graw-HillPublishing Company,

4th edition, 110107. 3. Abdelhay A.Salam, O.P.Malik, "Electric Distribution Systems", IEEE Press,2011.

5PSTE8 SMART POWER GRID

1. RECENT TRENDS IN INFORMATION &COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES 10 Distributed services - Web services - Creation and deployment -Application development frameworks - XML-RPC -A XIS - SOAP communication models Service oriented architecture fundamentals 2. SMART GRID FUNDAMENTALS 10 Smart grid structure - Interactive grid - Micro grid - Distributed resources modeling- Communication infrastructure- Sensing and control devices- Smart grid characteristics

3. COMPONENTS AND STANDARDS 10 Smart grid components - Metering - Virtual power plants - Benefits and cost elements - Pricing regulations - Networking standards and integration - Analytics.

4. AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGIES 10 Control centre systems - Data management principles - Smart grid implementation standards and procedure - Operational issues - Modelling and control - Advanced metering infrastructure - Outage management - Distribution and substation automation - Customer interactions 5. CASE STUDIES 10 Smart meters- Smart grid experimentation plan for load forecasting- Optimal placement of Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) - Coordination between cloud computing and smart power grids - Development of power system models and control and communication software.

TOTAL : 50 PERIODS REFERENCES BOOKS: 1. Tony Flick and Justin Morehouse, "Securing the Smart Grid- Next Generation

Power Grid Security", Elsevier Publications, 2011. 2. Toby Velte, Anthony Velte and Robert C.Eisenpeler, "Cloud Computing -A Practical

Approach", Tala McGraw-Hill Professional edition, 20010. 3. www.oe.energy.gov/Documentsand Media/DOE_SG_Book_Single_Pages (1).pdf. 4. Mark D. Hansen, "SOA using Java Web Services", Prentice Hall Publishers, 2007. 5. David A Chappell and Tyler Jewell, "Java Web Services", O'Reilly Publishers, 2002. 6. Chris Thomas and Bruce Hamilton, "The Smart Grid and the Evolution of the

Independent System Operator", a white paper. 7. Ali lpakchi, "Implementing the Smart Grid: Enterprise Information Integration", Grid-

lnterop Forum, 2007, Paper 121.122.

5PSTE9 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

1 RESEARCH PROBLEM FORMULATION 10 Research- Objectives - Types, research process, solving engineering problems identification of research topic - Formulation of research problem, literature survey and review. 2 RESEARCH DESIGN 10 Research des1gn - Meaning and need - Basic concepts - Different research designs, Experimental design - principle - important experimental designs, sesign of experimental setup, Mathematical modeling- Simulation- Validation and experimentation, dimensional analysis - Similitude.

3 USE OF STATISTICAL TOOLS IN RESEARCH 10 Importance of statistics in research - Concept of probability - Popular distributions - Sample des1gn-Hypo thesis testing, ANOVA, design of experiments - factorial designs - Orthogonal arrays, multivariate analysis - Correlation and regression, curve fitting. 4 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 10 Research data analysis - Interpretation of results- Correlation with scientific facts - Repeatability and reproducibility of results - Accuracy and precision - Limitations, use of optimization techniques- Traditional methods- Evolutionary optimization techniques. 5 THE RESEARCH REPORT 10 Purpose of written report- Audience- Synopsis writing - Preparing papers for International Journals-Thesis writing - Organization of contents - Style of writing - Graphs and charts - Referencing-Oral presentation and defence-Ethics in research-Patenting, IPR.

Total: 50 Periods

REFERENCES BOOKS: 1. Kothari C.R., Research, Methodology- Method and Techniques. New Age International (P)

Ltd., New Delhi, Reprint 2003. 2. Doebelin, Ernest 0., "Engineering Experimentation: planning, execution, reporting", Tata

McGraw- Hill International edition, 1995 3. George E. Dieter., "Engineering Desi gn", Tata McGraw-Hill - International edition, 2000 4. Rao S.S. "Engineering Optimization-theory and Practice", New Age International (P)

New Delhi, reprint 5. Madhav S. Phadke, ''Quality Engineering using Robust Design", Prentice Hall, Eaglewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1989.

5PSTE10 HVDC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

1. DC POWER TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGY 10 Introduction - Comparison of AC and DC transmission - Application of DC transmission - Description of DC transmission system - Planning for HVDC transmission - Modern trends in DC transmission - DC breakers - Cables, VSC based HVDC. 2. ANALYSIS OF HVDC CONVERTERS AND HVDC SYSTEM CONTROL 10 Pulse number, choice of converter configuration- Simplified analysis of Graetz circuit - Converter bridge characteristics - Characteristics of a twelve pulse converter- General principles of DC link control- Converter control characteristics - System control hierarchy- Firing angle control - Current and extinction angle control - Generation of harmonics and filtering- Power Control. 3. MULTITERMINAL DC SYSTEMS 10 Introduction - Potential applications of MTDC systems - Types of MTDC systems - Control and protection of MTDC systems- Study of MTDC systems. 4. POWER FLOW ANALYSIS IN AC/DC SYSTEMS 10 Per unit system for DC Quantities - Modeling of DC links - Solution of DC load flow - Solution of AC-DC power flow - Case studies. 5. SIMULATION OF HVDC SYSTEMS 10 Introduction - System simulation: Philosophy and tools - HVDC system simulation - Modeling of HVDC systems for digital dynamic simulation - Dynamic interaction between DC and AC systems.

TOTAL: 50 PERIODS

REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. K.R.Padiyar, , "HVDC Power Transmission Systems", New Age International (P) Ltd., New

Delhi, 2002.

2. J.Arrillaga, "High Voltage Direct Current Transmission", Peter Pregrinus, London. 1983. 3. P. Kundur, "Power System Stability and Control", Tata McGraw-Hill, 1993. 4. Erich Uhlmann, "Power Transmission by Direct Current", BS Publications, 2004. 5. V.K.Sood, HVDC and FACTS controllers -Applications of Static Converters in Power System,

April 2004, Kluwer Academic Publishers.

5PSLE11 Advanced Power Electronics and Drives Lab

List of Experiments: Using Matlab, PSIM Software’s

1. Single phase half and full converter with R, RL and RLE load

2. IGBT based single phase PWM inverter

3. Three phase AC voltage regulator

4. Resonant DC to DC converter

5. Micro controller based speed control of VSI three phase Induction motor drive.

6. Simulation of Single Phase Full Converter with different loads.

7. Simulation of Single Phase Semi Converter with different loads.

8. Simulation of BUCK Converter.

9. Simulation of BOOST Converter.

10. Simulation of BUCK- BOOST Converter.