Mayor’s Transport StrategyDraf t for publ ic consultat ionExecutive summar y JUNE 2017

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Copyright

Greater London AuthorityJune 2017

Greater London AuthorityCity HallThe Queen’s WalkMore London London SE1 2AA

www.london.gov.ukenquiries 020 7983 4000

The Mayor’sTransport Strategy

The Mayor’s Transport Strategy is thestatutory document that sets out thepolicies and proposals of the Mayorof London, Sadiq Khan, to reshapetransport in London over the next 25years. It builds on the vision for a betterLondon that the Mayor outlined in ‘A Cityfor All Londoners’, and takes forward theapproach set out in ‘Healthy Streetsfor London’.

It is an ambitious strategy that putspeople’s health and quality of life atthe very heart of planning the city’stransport. Along with the new LondonPlan and the Mayor’s other strategiesfor economic development, theenvironment, housing, health inequalitiesand culture, it provides the blueprint formaking London a city that is not onlyhome to more people, but is a betterplace for all of those people to live in.

This executive summary providesan overview of the draft strategybut does not substitute the full draft strategy, which can be viewed atlondon.gov.uk/transportstrategy.

Have your say

The Mayor would like to hear your viewson his draft transport strategy. To fill inthe consultation questionnaire, go totfl.gov.uk/mayors-transport-strategy.Alternatively, you can email yourcomments to consultations@tfl.gov.ukor send by post to FREEPOST TFLCONSULTATIONS.

The public consultation will be open until2 October 2017.

Paper copies of this executive summary,the full draft Mayor’s Transport Strategyand the consultation questionnaire areavailable on request. Please get in touchusing the details above if you would likeinformation in alternative formats.

Following analysis and considerationof all the responses received, the Mayor’sTransport Strategy will be publishedin 2018.

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CURRENT AND EXPECTED MODE SHARE, 2015 AND 2041

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By 2041, rising public transportdemand means that, withoutfurther action:

71% of travel on LondonUnderground in the morning peakwould be in crowded conditions

65% of travel on NationalRail in the morning peak wouldbe in crowded conditions

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Transport and quality of life

London’s transport system helps toshape the city. As well as allowing peopleto get around, it has a big impact onquality of life – street space defines whatLondon is like as a place to live and work,and public transport is part of manypeople’s daily routine. Creating a city forall Londoners will require an approachthat will help London to grow in a waythat benefits everyone.

London’s challenges

In recent years, there have beenimportant changes in the way peopletravel, but car use is still too highfor a growing city. People remaindependent on their cars because streetenvironments are not designed topromote walking and cycling, becauseovercrowded or unreliable services make public transport unattractive, or becauseparts of London have been plannedaround car use to the extent that few alternatives are available. As London’s population grows from 8.7 million todayto an estimated 10.5 million in 25 years’time, pressure on the city’s transportsystem and the demand for new homesand jobs will increase. Limited spacemeans that building more roads isnot an option. For London to functionwell and be a great place to live, theway people move around needs tobe re-examined.

The vision

Reducing the need to use cars willprovide huge benefits for all Londoners.More walking and cycling can makeeveryone healthier. Older people, thevery young, disabled people and thoseliving on lower incomes are most likely tobe affected by the problems associatedwith a car-dependent city, such as poorair quality and road danger. Therefore,reduced car use will make London fairer. Streets will function more efficiently, withless congestion and pollution. Publictransport and essential commercialjourneys will run more easily and therewill be more space for people.

London will grow in a sustainable way,not only improving people’s lives butsupporting London’s growing economy,the benefits of which will be felt across the whole of the UK.

For all of these reasons, this new drafttransport strategy aims to change theway people choose to travel so that,by 2041, 80 per cent of all Londoners’trips will be made on foot, by cycle or bypublic transport. This will be a significantchange from today, when only 64 percent of journeys are made by thesehealthy, efficient and sustainable formsof transport.

FIGURE 1: MODE SHARE 2015 AND 2041 (EXPECTED)

64%

36%

2015

26.7 million daily trips

80%

20%

2041

32 million daily trips

Walking, cycling & Car/taxi/privatepublic transport hire vehicle

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Central London vision: High levels of public transport connectivity are essentialto central London’s success. Given its limited space, a steady reduction in privatecar use is necessary, and walking, cycling and public transport use must increase.Deliveries must become more efficient through consolidation, rescheduling orswitching to more sustainable vehicles.

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The Healthy Streets Approach

This draft transport strategy uses theHealthy Streets Approach to prioritisehealth and quality of experience inplanning the city. Good performanceagainst the ten Healthy Streetsindicators (Figure 2) shows that streetsare appealing places to walk, cycleand spend time, and that the transportsystem as a whole is accessible andinclusive to all. Improvements against allthe indicators across the city’s streetswill radically transform the day-to-dayexperience of living in London and willhelp to create a city that is not only hometo more people, but is a better place forall of those people to live in.

Applying the Healthy Streets Approachmeans that this transport strategy willcreate streets that are appealing topeople because they are not dominatedby cars. It will mean improving publictransport services and better linkingthem with the walk or cycle to the stopor station, so that the whole journeybecomes a more attractive option thanusing a car. It will mean planning newhomes and jobs around walking,cycling and public transport so thatLondon’s growth does not lead togreater car dependency.

Outer London vision: Improving walkingand cycling environments and providingbetter bus and rail services will reduce car dependency.

FIGURE 2: THE TEN HEALTHY STREETS INDICATORS

Providing shade and shelter from high winds, heavy rain and direct sun enables everybody to use our streets, whatever the weather.

London’s streets should be welcoming places for everyone to walk, spend time in and engage in community life.

Walking and cycling are the healthiest and most sustainable ways to travel, either for whole trips or as part of longer journeys on public transport. A successful transport system encourages and enables more people to walk and cycle more often. This will only happen if we reduce the volume and dominance of motor traffic and improve the experience of being on our streets.

Improving air quality delivers benefits for everyone and reduces unfair health inequalities.

The whole community should feel comfortable and safe on our streets at all times. People should not feel worried about road danger or experience threats to their personal safety.

Reducing the noise impacts of motor traffic will directly benefit health, improve the ambience of street environments and encourage active travel and human interaction.

Making streets easier to cross is important to encourage more walking and to connect communities. People prefer direct routes and being ableto cross streets at their convenience. Physical barriers and fast moving or heavy traffic can make streets difficult to cross.

A lack of resting places can limit mobility for certain groups of people. Ensuring there are places to stop and rest benefits everyone, including local businesses, as people will be more willing to visit, spend time in, or meet other people on our streets.

A wider range of people will choose to walk or cycle if our streets are not dominated by motorised traffic, and if pavements and cycle paths are not overcrowded, dirty, cluttered or in disrepair.

People are more likely to use our streets when their journey is interesting and stimulating, with attractive views, buildings, planting and street art and where other people are using the street. They will be less dependent on cars if the shops and services they need are within short distances so they do not need to drive to get to them.

Clean air

Peo

ple

fee

l rel

axed

Shade and sh

elter

Easy to cross

Pedestrians fromall walks of life

and

do

Th

ings to

see

People feel safe Not too noisy

use public transport walk, cycle and

People choose to

Plac

es t

o s

top

and

res

t

THE TEN HEALTHY STREETS INDICATORS

Source: Lucy Saunders

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By mode of travel, the amount oftime spent being physically activeduring an average journey is:

by car

<1 minute

by public transport

8–15 minutes

on foot

17 minutes

by bicycle

22 minutes

Healthy Streetsand healthy people

Creating streets and routes thatencourage walking, cycling and publictransport use will reduce car dependencyand the health problems it creates.Streets make up 80 per cent of London’spublic space, so making them HealthyStreets has the potential to dramaticallyimprove the experience of living, workingand spending time in the city.

Most people can get the minimumphysical activity they need to stay healthyby walking or cycling as part of trips theyalready make. Improving the experienceof being on streets is the most effectiveway of encouraging more people to dothis. The Mayor’s aim is, by 2041, for allLondoners to do at least the 20 minutes of active travel they need to stay healthyeach day.

Local streets and neighbourhoods will bedesigned to make them pleasant placesfor people to walk, cycle, use publictransport and spend time. Walking willbe prioritised across London’s streets,including around schools, so this easymeans of getting around becomes eveneasier and more appealing. Streetswill be made more accessible for disabled people, with wider, clutter-freepavements and crossings that are easierto access and use. A new London-wide network of strategic cycling routes –which will also be good environments for

walking – will transform the convenienceand experience of cycling for all typesof trips. More traffic-free areas will becreated, starting with the transformationof Oxford Street and including trialclosures of streets to motor traffic to help people see their streets differently.

Reducing road danger will make peoplefeel safer and more comfortable walkingand cycling. The Mayor’s aim is that noone is killed in, or by, a London bus by2030, and for deaths and serious injuriesfrom road collisions to be eliminated by2041. Designing streets that encouragelower speeds and demanding saferstandards for buses and lorries will helpto make this happen.

Transport emissions can blight streets,harming health and contributing toclimate change. London must meetlegal pollution limits as soon as possible,which requires an earlier introductionand expansion of the Ultra Low EmissionZone. The Mayor’s aims are for all taxisand private hire vehicles to be zeroemission capable by 2033, for all busesto be zero emission by 2037, for all newroad vehicles driven in London to be zero emission by 2040, and for London’sentire transport system to be zeroemission by 2050. Air quality andclimate change are such pressingissues with such dire potentialconsequences that London will provideinternational leadership.

A shift away from car use will helpLondon’s streets work more efficiently,reducing congestion so bus servicescan run reliably, and essential freightand business journeys can keep Londonoperating. Working to achieve fullervans and fewer missed deliveries, theMayor aims to reduce freight trafficin the central London morning peakby 10 per cent by 2026. The Mayoralso aims to reduce total traffic in the capital by 10-15 per cent by 2041, withLondon boroughs leading on reducingtraffic in their areas. The Mayor will giveconsideration to the development of thenext generation of road user chargingsystems and will seek additional powersfrom the Government to limit the number of private hire vehicles in London.

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Street environments: Londoners need quiet, safe, accessible streets that arenot dominated by motorised traffic and are pleasant for walking, cycling andspending time.

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A good publictransport experience

Public transport is the most efficientway for people to travel distances thatare too long to walk or cycle, and a shiftfrom private car to public transportcould dramatically reduce the number ofvehicles on London’s streets.

Applying the Healthy Streets Approachwill make the switch from car to walking,cycling or public transport simpler.Stations, stops and streets will bedesigned so onward journeys by walking,cycling and public transport are theeasiest choice, with the whole journeybecoming as straightforward as acar trip.

To make public transport services moreattractive, they will become easier andmore pleasant to use. New technologieswill provide better travel informationand wider benefits, such as bringingWiFi to Tube tunnels. Buses will be givenproper priority, and services planned tomatch demand.

Fares will be kept affordable. Servicesand infrastructure will be designed tobe more accessible and inclusive. This includes making more stations step-free.The Mayor will aim to halve the extra timeit takes for people who need to use step-free stations to get around on the Tubenetwork by 2041.

Following the opening of the Elizabethline, investment in new trains andtechnology on the Tube and railnetworks, including an extension of theBakerloo line to Lewisham and beyond,will help tackle crowding and createmore capacity on existing lines. To bringrail services up to TfL standards, andto keep fares affordable, suburbanservices should be devolved to the Mayor’s control, creating a Londonsuburban metro.

Crossrail 2 is a major new rail projectthat must be at the heart of London’s response to its current challenges. Itwill benefit businesses, residents andcommuters across London, the WiderSouth East and the whole nation. It will enable London’s highly productiveeconomy to continue to grow by helping270,000 more people get into thecity centre in the morning peak. It willsupport 200,000 new jobs, and unlock200,000 new homes – more than 30 percent of them outside of London.

People need to make local trips, howevermany have no choice but to use carsbecause there are no suitable publictransport alternatives. New and betterservices are required, particularly inouter London where car use is highand public transport links are relativelypoor. Providing reliable bus services andimproving rail services are essential toavoid reliance on cars.

FIGURE 3: CROSSRAIL 2 ROUTE (CONSULTATION 2015)

LAMBETH

MERTON

SUTTON CROYDON

RICHMOND UPON

THAMES

HOUNSLOW

HILLINGDON

HARROW

SOUTHWARK

ISLINGTON

TOWER HAMLETS

HACKNEY CAMDEN BRENT

BARNET

ENFIELD

EALING NEWHAM

REDBRIDGE

WALTHAM FOREST

LEWISHAM

BROMLEY

GREENWICH

H E R T F O R D S H I R E

S U R R E Y

Shepperton

HamptonCourt

Chessington South

Epsom

Ewell West

Stoneleigh

Worcester Park

Motspur Park

Raynes Park UpperHalliford

Chessington North

Tolworth

Hampton

Teddington

New Malden

KemptonPark

Fulwell

Sunbury-on-Thames Kingston

Thames Ditton

Surbiton

Wimbledon TootingBroadway

Balham

Clapham Junction

Angel Dalston

Hackney Central

Tottenham Hale Turnpike Lane Alexandra Palace

Wood Green

New Southgate

Euston St Pancras

Seven Sisters

Kings Road Chelsea Victoria

Tottenham Court Road

Northumberland Park

Angel Road

Ponders End

Brimsdown

Enfield Lock

Waltham Cross

Cheshunt

Broxbourne

HS2

5 miles

5 km

0

0

Proposed Crossrail 2 route options

Major housing growth

Increased capacity – central London

Reduced train crowding

Tunnel entrance

Potential future Crossrail 2 eastern branch

Proposed Crossrail 2 route/station

Crossrail 2 indicative alignment 2015 (subject to change)

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The whole journey: Reducing car dependency means improving the whole journeyexperience of using public transport, walking and cycling. Areas around stationsshould be designed to make active and sustainable modes the easiest choice.

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New homes and jobs

More people than ever want to live andwork in London. Each year, 50,000 newhomes are needed to accommodate this demand, and by 2041 around 1.2 millionmore jobs will need to be created. Peoplewant to live and work in well-connected places so transport will help to make thisgrowth happen.

Planning for these changes providesa unique opportunity to reshape thecity, learning from mistakes made in thepast. Transport has an important roleto play in making sure that London’sgrowth is ‘good growth’ – providing moreopportunities, delivering affordablehomes and improving quality of life bycreating places where people can enjoyliving and working in good health.

People should be able to live in areaswhere many of the places they want to goto are within walking and cycling distance,and good public transport connectionsare available for longer trips. The placesthey live in should be planned aroundpeople, not vehicles, with attractivepublic spaces, cycle parking and storage.New developments will be expected to bedesigned to encourage efficient, safe andlow-emission delivery and servicing trips,that do not disrupt local people.

Applying the Healthy Streets Approachto planning transport creates a set ofprinciples that will help London grow ina way that works for Londoners.

The transport principlesof ‘good growth’

• Good access to public transport

• High-density, mixed-use developments

• People choose to walk and cycle

• Car-free and car-lite places

• Inclusive, accessible design

• Carbon-free travel

• Efficient freight

The Mayor will use these principles tohelp create the new homes and jobsLondon needs in the coming years.

Crossrail 2, the Bakerloo line extensionand other new public transportconnections will generate opportunitiesfor new homes and jobs across London.Bus services will be developed to supportregeneration and new development,including pilots of new types of high-capacity, high-frequency routes anddemand-responsive services. New rivercrossings that prioritise walking, cyclingand public transport will be developedto connect communities, such as theRotherhithe to Canary Wharf bridge and aDLR extension to Thamesmead.

The Mayor will also take full advantage ofany TfL land that could be used to delivermore housing, beginning the constructionof 10,000 homes on TfL land by 2020/21– with 50 per cent of those brought tomarket since May 2016 being affordable.

Good growth: The principles will beapplied to new developments to createhigh-density, mixed-use places.

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Inner London vision: New development for inner London’s growing populationshould be designed so that walking and cycling are the most appealing choices forgetting about locally. Good bus services are particularly important in inner London,and improved suburban rail services are also needed to reduce car dependency.

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Summary: vision and aims ofthe strategy

This draft strategy is the start of anambitious plan that will reshape Londonover the next 25 years.

Healthy Streets and healthy people

• All Londoners to do at least the 20 minutes of active travel they need to stay healthyeach day

• No one to be killed in or by a London bus by2030, and for deaths and serious injuries fromall road collisions to be eliminated from the streets by 2041

• All taxis and private hire vehicles to be zeroemission capable by 2033, for all buses tobe zero emission by 2037, for all new roadvehicles driven in London to be zero emission by 2040, and for London’s entire transportsystem to be zero emission by 2050

• Reduce freight traffic in the central Londonmorning peak by 10 per cent on current levelsby 2026, and to reduce total London traffic by10-15 per cent by 2041

The Mayor’s vision is to create a futureLondon that is not only home to morepeople, but is a better place for all thosepeople to live in. At the heart of this visionis the aim that, by 2041, 80 per cent ofLondoners’ trips will be made on foot, bycycle or using public transport.

A good public transport experience

• Open Crossrail 2 by 2033

• Create a London suburban metro by the late2020s with local train services devolved to the Mayor

• Improve the overall accessibility of thetransport system including halving theaverage additional time taken to make a publictransport journey on the step-free networkcompared to the full network

New homes and jobs

• Incorporate the transport principlesof ‘good growth’ in regeneration andnew developments

Expected outcomes

By 2041, the strategy is expected tohave delivered the central aim of 80 percent of Londoners’ trips made on foot,by cycle or using public transport. Thefollowing outcomes are also expected:

Healthy Streets and healthy people

• London’s streets will be healthy and moreLondoners will travel actively

• London’s transport system will be safeand secure

• London’s streets will be used more efficientlyand have less traffic on them

• London’s streets will be clean and green

A good public transport experience

• More people will travel on an expanded publictransport network

• Public transport will be affordable andaccessible to all

• Journeys by public transport will be pleasant,fast and reliable

New homes and jobs

• Sustainable travel will be the best option innew developments

• Transport investment will unlock the deliveryof new homes and jobs

Making it happen

A great deal of determination, investmentand collaboration will be required tomake this vision a reality. The Mayorand TfL will work with the Government,other transport operators, businesses,stakeholders and others to fund and deliver the proposals set out withinthe strategy.

The boroughs in particular have animportant role to play. During 2018, theywill draft their Local ImplementationPlans, demonstrating how they willachieve the aims of this strategy locally.

Ultimately, this draft transport strategy isabout making London a better city for allLondoners. The Mayor would thereforelike to hear your views.