Matteo Cesana - i40.deib.polimi.itIT/OT Check list: – What is the network size – Mobile or Fixed Nodes – Any service QoS constraint (throughput, latency)? – The “integration

Internet of Things DissectedMatteo Cesana

23 Febbraio 2018

I4.0@DEIB - Internet of Things – 23 Febbraio 2018

The Internet of Things 50 years back


Devices:

• Size: CMOS miniaturization, micro-sensors (MEMS, materials and circuits)

• Energy: fuel cells batteries, energy scavenging• Mobility

Comm. Protocols• Low power wireless comm. technologies

Cloud-based resources• Diffusion of cloud services, architectures and processing

power

IoT Technology Leaps

BackBone

Access Networks

User Terminals

“push & pull” traffic paradigm


IIoT and IoT

IIoTConnected IndustrialMedium/highcost

assets(Aka EnterpriseIoT)

IoTConnected low-cost end-points(Aka Cosumer

IoT)

Reactiveness

Cost

VehiclesUpto$750BilllionAutonomous driving,condition-based maintenance

CitiesUpto$1.7TrilllionEnergysaving,publichealth,traffic

Logistics andNavigationUpto$750Billlion

OfficesUpto$150BilllionSecurity, energy

RetailUpto$1.2TrilllionAutomated checkout

HomeUpto$150BilllionAutomation&security

WorksitesUpto$930BilllionOperationsoptimizationsSecurity/safety

FactoriesUpto$3.7TrillionOperationsoptimizationsHealth/safety

HumansUpto$1.6TrillionHealth,Wellness, Fitness

McKinsey GlobalInstitute,By2025,IoT applications could have $11Trillion impact,July 2015


IIoT is nothing new We have been connecting smart industrial devices for decades

IIoT is no longer only a IT "wiring problem” – we need data

– Industries recognizing the value of data flowing across departments

Integration does not happen just between systems on the plant floor but involves corporate, customer, and partnersFrom proprietary/specialized technologies to open standards

– Remember the “field bus war”– migration from proprietary solutions to horizontal

standards, common IoT Framework, eco-system of tech partners, consortia

Proprietary SystemsVendor Centric Stand-alone player

End-to-End open SystemsIndustry open standardsCollaborative partner ecosystems


IoT is a Multi-Dimensional Problem/Technology

Connectivity Data AnalyticsThings

SECURITY

RELIABILITY/ROBUSTNESS

SensorHW/SW What pipestousetogetdata

ManagementPlatform

How/Wheretostore/usedata

How/Wheretoprocess data


Strategic Investment Areas: perception of importance

Money is going to platforms, cloud-based systems, connectivityONWorld/ISASurvey,Nov.2016- 180industrialendusers,systemsintegrators,andserviceproviders

Percentageof“important”responses


The “Things”

IT/OT check list:What do you need to sense?What constraint you have on:

– Flexibility/Programmability– Integration/size/design– Budget– H&M interfaces

Things

SeparationofApplication andHardwareControl

Source:http://www.tron.org/seminar/on-the-web-seminar/chap-2/

Click Touch Speak JustbehaveMixed/VirtualReality

1980 2000 2010 2015 2020?


IT/OT Check list: – What is the network size– Mobile or Fixed Nodes– Any service QoS constraint

(throughput, latency)?– The “integration issue”– Any budget?

IoT Connectivity Connectivity

ONWorld/ISASurvey,Nov.2016- 180industrialendusers,systemsintegrators,andserviceproviders

62%80%

48%20%

20142016

Nowireless

Somewireless

Wiredconnectivity(Ethernet,fieldbustechnology,etc.)isjustfineforIIoT butwirelessisonthehype


The “Wireless” Race to the (Industrial) Smart Object

Mobile Cellular NetworksRAN and CN evolution

Field Network

Backend Servers

Backhauling Network

PLC

WiFi

Ethernet

3G/4G

Field Network

Backend ServersRadio Access Network Core Network

SGW

MME

PGW

PCRF

IoT-Dedicated OperatorsLongRange Low Power networks

HotSpotsNetworksShortRange +backhauling

Wi-FiHaLow

ZigBee,Z-WaveWirelessHART,ISA100,WI-SUN


Facts and Trends

Gateway-based interoperability solutions still at the topShift towards an all-IP communication is continuing (slowly)Focus on ecosystems, alliances and interoperability

Mission• Advocateforopenstandards• Influencestandarddevelopment• Createtestbedforspecificverticals


5G is coming to Industry

Industry-compliant 5G nice features: – mmWave access, Massive MIMO – Network Densification– Slicing– Mobile Edge Computing (MEC)

Enabled/Boosted Applications– Immersive reality/virtual reality– Autonomous vehicles – Collaborative Robotics

28 partners

11 endorsers

41 usecases

Largestpre-commercial5GtrialinEuropePOLIMIisthemainacademicpartnerSeveralUseCasesonI4.0andIoT


Connectivity is not enough!

• IIoT is about data sensed and transmitted from objects

• The “real” goal is to develop services/applications to gather, manage and use such data

• You need “tools” to ease up your life along the way -> IoTplatforms (+50% platform offer since 2014)

• Device management: connect devices to the cloud, configure devices, update firmware, monitor devices…

• Data management: store and retrieve data, manage events, visualize and share data

• Data analysis / automation: statistical analysis, data mining, machine learning, etc…

• Security/Privacy

IoT Platform

Devices Connectivity

Cloudservices

SystemIntegrator&

OEM

Application

ThingWorxPlatform

Application


Data and Analytics

IT/OT Check List– How much data?– Where to store it?– What is the feedback?– What is the needed reactiveness?

Consolidation of Cloud-based Big Data-Enabled solutions– Stream Analytics

Emergence of Edge Clouds and Fog Computing– Extremely low latency calls for cloud “closer to the ground”

• Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) for cellular networks• Edge clouds and Fog Computing

Integration of advanced Machine Learning and AI– Predictive analytics

Data Analytics

IOT @ DEIB


Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria

§ 6research lines§ >200professors and

researchers§ 750people (900withCefriel and

spinoff)§ 15M€/year fromresearch

contracts/projects§ 35patents/year


Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria

Automatica BioingegneriaElettrica Elettronica InformaticaTelecomunicazioni

Connectivity Data AnalyticsThings


Industria 4.0 at DEIB

Web Site: https://www.i40.deib.polimi.it/• Upcoming events• Events material• Overview DEIB Competences• Contacts

Linkedin Group• Web Site Reflector• Agile discussion and contacts


IoT Lab

Joint Lab with Management, Design and Energy Departments

Focus on applied research• IoT custom solution design and

prototyping• IoT Technology Assessment• Proof of Concept Realization

www.iotlab.it


FOOD & PACKAGING INDUSTRY:

cohaerentia

DIAGNOSTIC OF HARSH ENVIRONMENTS

OR INACCESSIBLE SPOTS

NO POWERING & MAINTENANCE ISSUES

MINIMAL INVASIVE

VERSATILE & COST-EFFECTIVE

IMMUNITY TO EM INTERFERENCE

REAL-TIME MONITORING OF PAPER SQUEEZEROLLER CONTACT PRESSURE (RUBBER WEAR),TEMPERATURE, BEARING MECHANICALVIBRATIONS & DRIVING MOTOR POWERCONSUMPTION.

FIBER OPTIC SENSORS FOR INDUSTRIAL PLANT SMART DIAGNOSTIC


Wireless cloud platform for industrial monitoring & controlWiSyLab

• The wireless cloud is a self-contained dense network of air-interacting devices to augment the communication/sensingcapability of industry-standard wireless systems (e.g.,WirelessHART).

• It combines low-level (PHY/MAC) cooperative networkingwith distributed processing, to support low-latency datadelivery and augmented sensing functions.

Cloud-assisted Industrial IoT

CloudAccessNode(CA)

CloudNode(CN)

WirelessCloudNetwork

HostStationSensor/

Actuator

TSCHnetwork(WirelessHART

)

Dual-RATcloudnode

ESTplantoil&gasrefineryENI

GW 1

GW 3 GW 2GW 4

ACR

GWCE

Railway signaling andcontrol

Smartmeternetwork

IdroLabtestingpowerplantENEL


Intelligent Internet-of-Things and Cyber-Physical SystemsWireless Embedded System Lab (WemSy Lab)

Self-awareness

Self-Diagnosis

Reliability

Adaptation

IntelligentProcessing of

PhysicalSensing

CognitiveMechanisms forActuationand

ControlIntelligentIoT andCyber-

PhysicalSystems

Self-healing

RockCollapse andLandslide Forecasting

EnvironmentalandStructuralHealthMonitoring

LeakandFaultDetectioninWaterDistributionNetworks


A Battery-free Internet of Things

Harvest energy from the ambient!– Forget about batteries!– Reduces maintenance

Challenge: enable transiently-powered operation as devices shutdown and reboot unpredictablyHarvOS: system support for transiently-powered embedded computing

– Unmodified source code– Near-optimal performance

Use light as a communication media!– No RF interference– Leverage existing infrastructure

Challenge: enable VLC 𝜇W powerScatterlight: battery-free hand gesture sensing using VLC

– Best Paper Award @VLCS2017WearableVLC: dynamically switchingbetween low-power and high-throughput VLC

– Obtains Wi-Fi throughput at Bluetooth energy


ExtremeFlexibility

A smart device can be used (andreused) for several processesmanaged by differentorganizations

Easyconfiguration16/02/2018, 15*02

Page 1 of 1file:///Users/plebani/Downloads/configure.svg

Smart device configuration issemi-automatically derivedfrom the existing processmodels

Resilience

Smart devices does notrequire a stable connectionand is fault-tolerant

Multi-party multi-modal logistics process monitoringInformation Systems Lab

Severalpartiescanmanagethegoods

Severalmeansoftransportationcanbeused


Wheredataaregatheredand,afterprocessed,consumed

TheEdgeWheredataareprocessedandstored

TheCloud

Scalability

Reliability

Latency

Security

Compliance

StoreAcquire

ConsumeDismiss

Coversallthephasesofthedatamanagementlife-cycle

DITASPlatformenablesbothdataand

computationmovement

ContinuumbetweentheEdgeandtheCloud

Fog

Enhanced data management in Fog ComputingInformation Systems Lab


Collaborazioni Industria/Accademia

§ LacomplessitàdegliscenariassociatiaIndustria4.0imponeunasemprepiùfortesinergiatraindustriaericerca.

§ Èdiestremaimportanzaladiffusionedellaconoscenzasullepotenzialitàdellenuovetecnologie,inparticolareperlePMI

§ Eventicomequellodioggihannoproprioquestoscopo


Quali forme di collaborazione

Ricercaetrasferimentotecnologico§ Offrirestageetirociniaglistudenti§ OspitaretesidiLaureaMagistrale§ SeguireunProjectWork§ Finanziareunaborsadidottorato§ Acquisireidirittid’usodiunbrevetto§ Stipulareuncontrattodiricercaconun

Dipartimento§ Stipulareunaccordoquadroconil

Politecnico

Formazione§ Partecipareauncorsodiformazione§ Richiedereunprogrammadiformazione

personalizzato


The industry 4.0 national plan and the new competence centers

§ Thecallforthenewcompetence centersinIndustry4.0 isopen

§ POLIMIisgoingtoapply§ Mainfocuswillbeondigital

manufacturing (digitalintegrationoftheproduction,fromtheconcepttothemarket)

Grazie!

Documents

Matteo Cesana - i40.deib.polimi.itIT/OT Check list: – What is the network size – Mobile or Fixed Nodes – Any service QoS constraint (throughput, latency)? – The “integration