Upload
trankiet
View
218
Download
3
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Marvel Summit
London International Model United Nations
18th Session | 2018
Marvel Summit London International Model United Nations 19th Session | 2018
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Table of Contents
Letter from the Directors ............................................................................................... 3
Introduction to the Committee ...................................................................................... 4
Classes of Enhanced Humans........................................................................................ 5
Topic A: What unique rights, if any, do Superhumans have? ...................................... 8
Large Scale State mandated Superhuman actions in major world events ................. 9
Special Rights in International Law and how they apply to the Superhuman cases 10
The Issue of Accountability ..................................................................................... 12
Superhumans and the Contribution to Science ........................................................ 13
Case Studies of How Science Turned Humans Into Superhumans ......................... 14
Questions the Declaration Must Answer.................................................................. 16
Topic B: The line between Superhuman and Vigilante .............................................. 17
What makes the enhanced humans of the Marvel universe (us) special? ................ 18
Should we all (superhumans) be in the same box ? ................................................. 19
Collective Punishment to Curtail Vigilante Acts? ................................................... 20
Questions the Declaration Should Answer .............................................................. 21
Mandatory Viewing and Reading ............................................................................ 22
Recommended Viewing and Reading ...................................................................... 22
Appendix ..................................................................................................................... 23
Timeline of Enhanced-Human Related Events ........................................................ 23
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Letter from the Directors
Imagine you had the power to punch down a building. Imagine you did punch
down that building. Now, even had you done so to protect the residents from a
natural disaster or an attack by the Abomination or The Hand, after the fight is
done the resident are left without a home. Furthermore, they are probably very
scared. It is easy to understand why a government, or the United Nations,
would want to regular superhuman action and this is exactly what we did last
year at LIMUN 2017 when we simulated the Sokovia accords.
However, to every political treaty and agreement there is always another side.
What about the superhumans? The ones who needed to register their identity
with government agencies. What would we do if we were in their shoes and
singled out for having powers that strike both awe and fear into the hearts of
men and women?
The viewpoint of the superhuman, whether hero, villain or someone who wants
to be left alone, is what we hope to simulate this LIMUN. We are happy and
privileged to be chairing the first committee of this kind and we hope to do the
committee, and the outrageous and famous characters we will be representing
in it, justice. We cannot wait to watch the Marvel (and now Disney) heroes we
know and love acted out by delegates coming to bring the more serious of
Model UN debate to a world of powers and larger than life events.
The three of us are both Model UN enthusiast and Marvel
fans and we are super excited to see these two worlds
collide.
May the force be with you!
Daniel, Marguerite and Nada
Feel free to contact us anytime at [email protected]
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Introduction to the Committee
In the Marvel Summit the delegates will be the actual super heroes. They will
have their names, backstories and identities. They will come in with rivalries
and friendships that their characters established in the Marvel Cinematic
Universe.
Using a slightly looser version of the Model UN rules of procedure, the Marvel
Summit will have the heroes debate two very important topics. They will
debate if superhumans should have any unique rights and whether they should
be bargaining as a united front or it is each hero and vigilante for themselves.
Alliances will be built alone lines moral, malignant and magical. Some will
agree with each other based on past action. Others based on future prospects.
Some are outlaws and some from outer space. What unifies them is the task to
bring a document to the United Nations stating their demands as they move
towards a new arrangement with the less powered humans they share the world
with.
It is clear that not everyone will agree. It is also clear that some of the
enhanced humans will want other groups to not be part of the declaration of
intent that will be given to the United Nations. In the end, the final document
will be sent with representatives to one of the United Nations bodies to see if a
new arrangement can be reached.
The debate will take place in a depowered zone in a secret location. This is the
first time that representatives of all power groups will meet in one place. It
might also be the last. The time has come for the powered to decide the fate of
the powered. Will the fittest survive? Will humanity be safer at the end of it
all? That will remain to be seen.
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Classes of Enhanced Humans
"Your ancestors called it magic but you call it science. I come from a land where they are one and the same."
Thor, Thunder God
To properly debate the current situation, and best represent ourselves to the United
Nations and global community of powerless individuals, the types of enhanced
humans have been divided into different classes. Each one should be evaluated and
we can consider a different set of rules for each, and if to consider the rules
applicable to all.
Skill
Skilled heroes are completely normal humans who have reached proficiency
with a specific type of skill which could deem them a lethal weapon in their own
right. Notable examples are the Avenger Hawkeye, for his skill with a bow and
arrow, the Winter Soldier and Black Widow, for their hand to hand combat
ability, and the Punisher, who has single handedly killed over 600 criminals and
wounded over 2000 more.
Tech
These are either machines themselves or humans in suits of armor that make
them extremely powerful. Examples of machine entities are the Avengers
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Vision and the killer robot Ultron. Examples of humans using such
weapons are Tony Stark and James Rhodes, who are respectively Iron Man and
War Machine. Peter Quill (Starlord) would also fall into this category.
Science
Anyone who received their powers as a result of earth based science. Individuals who
were enhanced by lab tests, radioactive rays and other chemical alterations fall into this
category. Notable examples of science heroes are Captain America and Spider-Man.
Notable villains are Electro and the Green Goblin. The unstoppable force of nature
known as the Hulk also falls into this category.
Cosmic
Enhanced humans of the Cosmic class generally come from space or other
realms. However, some Cosmic characters were experimented on by species
from outer space. Examples of Cosmic characters are Gamora and Drax of the
Guardians of the Galaxy or Black Bolt and Medusa of the Inhumans. Carol
Danvers, who got her powers from the explosion of a Kree device, would also
be classified as cosmic.
Mutant These individuals have powers given to them by evolution. Many mutants on
earth don’t even know that they are mutants. There are notably powerful Omega
class mutants, with powers of scale, like Magneto and Storm. There are also less
powerful mutants who have powers that are used on a more individual level,
such as Beast, Wolverine and the anti-hero Deadpool.
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Mystic
While we don’t know its source or origin, certain individuals have powers that
can only be called magic. These can range from wizards and sorcerers, such as
Dr. Strange to gods from other realms such as Thor and Loki.
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Topic A: What unique rights,
if any, do Superhumans have? The Marvel Summit is the Superhuman’s response to the Sokovia Accords. It is a
platform for each character to discuss with each other which status they would like to
claim. The topic of unique rights for Superhumans is a chance for them to write a
structured claim to the United Nations demanding or not, but if so, justifying, why
they believe there should be special rights for Superhumans. In the context of the
current events in the Marvel Universe, this would comprise the question of immunity,
for rights committed during heroic actions, but the question of a special character
inherent to their abilities that could potentially justify special rights in regards of the
law can also be discussed. Some Superhumans, especially some mutants, think they
are worth more than others and will therefore claim for particular rights; some of
them will claim for special treatments.
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Large Scale State mandated Superhuman actions in major world events
➢ World War I: Ehe Freedom’s Five, first group if International costumed
heroes, fought the Germans during World War I.
➢ World War II: The US Government developed the Super Soldier project,
sabotaged by the Nazis, but not before Steve Rogers, aka Captain America,
benefited from the treatment.
➢ Winston Churchill gathered the team of Superheroes called the Invaders
against the Axis powers and their super agents. Costumed villains were also
prominent among the Nazi troops.
➢ Post World War II: Active troops of heroes known as the First Line secretly
battled the Skrulls. The Monster Hunters were battling monster aliens and
Deviant origins, which to this day is still being kept as a secret by the US
Authorities.
➢ Cold War: Team X, a joint US/Canadian black ops team (including
Sabretooth, Wolverine and Maverick among others), mandated by the CIA,
faced off the KGB on repeated occasions in the 1960s, mostly to retrieve
confidential devices and contribute to the US War effort against the KGB.
Seeing that Superhumans were often mandated by States, whether in official or
unofficial operations, this can raise the question of why they haven’t been granted a
special status yet. Individuals with abilities are often missioned or even as far as
created by States to deliver on special missions and are often the key to win a battle
or solve a mission. Understandably, the use of those special capacities, such as super
strength, summoning elements or other particular abilities giving them an edge in
battle can cause strong collateral damage, destruction of material, building, going as
far as civilian casualties, same way as a strong weapon. Therefore, when it comes to
Superhumans being used as weapons (like the Super Soldier Project originally
intended), a special consideration for these individuals in the eyes of the law can be
considered.
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Special Rights in International Law
and how they apply to the Superhuman cases
➢ Diplomatic Immunity
The idea of special rights, and/or immunity for diplomats can be traced to the earliest
days of communications between tribes, with the idea of not killing the messenger. In
terms of legal aspects of special rights for diplomats, the first account of any written
text on the matter dates back to the beginning of the 18th century, with the British
Diplomatic Privileges Act with provided for the nullity of all civil prosecutions
against ambassadors and their servants. In 1961, the idea of diplomatic immunity was
included in the Vienna Conventions, asserting through a plurality of articles that
Diplomatic and Consular immunity was from thereon an inviolable principle of
International Law, provided the Diplomat’s State of origin is recognized by the State
that might potentially prosecute them. The other exception to Consular Immunity is
the event of a “grave crime”, in which case the individual shall be prosecuted
following the regular procedure.
However, Diplomatic immunity only applies to individuals who have been directly
appointed as representatives by specific member States, and Diplomatic Immunity is
granted as a privilege and a symbol of friendship and trust between nations who’ve
established and went through the process of maintaining diplomatic relations; this
idea of a Diplomatic Immunity cannot therefore be applied directly to Superhumans,
unless they benefit from an official National support.
➢ Immunity for elected officials: immunity ratione materiae
Elected officials benefit from absolute immunity during the course of their duties
(ratione personae); meaning that any individual performing an act of state shall be
immune from prosecution if they were to commit a criminal offense in that time
period, and shall continue to be immune even if they cease to perform said act of
state. This mainly applies to Heads of State, Heads of Governments, Cabinet
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Members, as well as the Foreign and Defence Ministers. However,
Government Officials can be deprived of their immunity if they have committed an
International Crime (i.e if they’re being accused of genocide, war crime, crime
against humanity or crime of aggression). This specific situation may be applied to
case of Superhumans, once again, provided they benefit from State validation. As he
benefits from a specific status, for example, could Captain America be exempted
from legal prosecution on the basis of his “official missionary” status? Ratione
materiae refers to act perpetrated during the course of official actions; but could it be
considered that official acts are inherent to the beings of superhumans, could it be
considered that immunity ratione materiae automatically ensues?
➢ Personal immunity: immunity ratione personae
Personal immunity arises from international law and confers immunity to persons
holding a specific state status, based on the need for the State not to be deprived of
important officials. As of August 2013, the 6th International Law Commission, held
in Geneva, identified heads of states, heads of governments and foreign ministers
only to be the beneficiaries of international immunity ratione personae, for their
official and personal acts, as long as they are in office, which implies that the
immunity ratione personae does not solely refer to actions perpetrated in the scope of
their official duties. It may also apply to a more various range of government
officials, depending on their importance in the governance and security of their
respective states. This matter of security and immunity based on a utilitarian purpose
triggers the question of the use of superhumans for national security. Can States
afford to be deprived from their assistance for legal purposes? Therefore, this triggers
the question of whether enhanced individual are sufficiently useful to society, and
unique, to benefit from such legal immunity.
When it comes to a potential immunity for superhumans, in any sense of the term, in
the eyes of international law, the question entirely revolves around the utility of
superhumans for the States. In certain specific circumstances where superhumans
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
where manufactured as such in the benefit of National security, like Captain
America, or officially recognized as contributing to maintaining peace and security in
the national territory like the Avengers, might pose the question of whether their
actions can be considered a public service. Immunity, in general, is granted to
specific individuals whose special qualities or official capacities cannot be disposed
of and whose inability to work will be avoided in every way possible, as far as
granting them immunity for alleged criminal offenses. When it comes to
Superhumans, this special quality is inherent to their being and revolves around every
single one of their actions. The problematic that is posed is therefore to know whether
their abilities are enough to consider granting them immunity ratione personae, and if
so, what the limit can possibly be.
The Registration Acts aimed to regulate and reference all Superhumans. When it
comes to immunity, the question can evolve towards the impact of the Registrations
act on the consideration of Superhumans; perhaps if being a signatory and abiding by
the rules posed by the Sokovia Accords can be considered way towards International
recognition and thus make Superhumans automatically immune from criminal
prosecutions for their actions perpetrated in the scope of their actions. However, the
idea of an immunity consequential to being officially Registered as Superhumans
implies that the use of a secret identity is no longer possible. Superhumans would
therefore have to sacrifice their rights to privacy in order to be granted immunity for
their actions.
The Issue of Accountability
As previously addressed in the different types of immunity regarding law, the
question of accountability is necessarily to be addressed, especially bearing in mind
the most recent events in the Marvel storylines. The Civil War events, and the
prosecutions faced by Captain America, trigger the question of the responsibility of
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Superhumans, when used as weapons for official security purposes, or when
acting as vigilantes but still protecting the common good.
Now, the question of “good” VS “evil” superhumans when it comes to accountability
is also to be addressed, and this is where the Sokovia Accords should be put to good
use. Could it be considered that any Superhuman willing to be referenced in the
Registration Act is “good” and therefore any sort of criminal action from their part
should be evaluated with more flexibility? Or, on the contrary, should it be
considered that said “good” Superhumans shouldn’t commit any crime, not even for
the sake of heroic actions? Or, as strongly maintained by Tony Stark during the
Sokovia discussion, should all superhumans be treated as equal to humans and thus
be held accountable for their actions no matter what they are?
References
http://www.ejil.org/pdfs/21/4/2115.pdf
http://scholarship.law.gwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2219&context=faculty_p
ublications
http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/309/1/Franey_Immunity%2C%20individuals%20and%20inter
national%20law.pdf
Superhumans and the Contribution to Science
Whereas some Superhumans became super because of scientific experiments, or
advancement in science (Iron Man, Bruce Banner, Captain America, Deadpool,
among others), most of them were notably born that way, whether on Earth as
mutants, or from extraterrestrial origin.
When it comes to their rights, it is therefore necessary to pose the question of their
fundamental human rights. The Weapon X project sees Mutants being captured and
tested against their will to enhance their powers and transform them into weapons, all
through an unofficial program. The first “Weapon” program, Weapon I, was a
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
contributor to the project that ended in the creation of the Super Soldier
Program, and thus the mastermind behind Captain America. In most recent
storylines, the Weapon X project became a clandestine operation destined to research
and illegal enhancement of mutants. When it comes to rights, one matter that should
necessarily be addressed during debate is that of the right of Superhumans to be
protected from any illegal scientific testing.
However, the study of the genetics needed to make X-Men should also be addressed.
To what extent can Superhumans, especially those born with abilities for no other
reason than a genetical hazard, should volunteer to contribute to science testings?
And if so, what would the boundaries be? Any statement issued by the Superhumans
should address this question. Would any kind of voluntary scientific testing on them
apply to the same rules as humans, or are their special qualities cause for an
exception?
Case Studies of How Science Turned Humans Into Superhumans
All Superhumans are not from the same origin, and for some of them, not even from
the same planet. When the matter of accountability for Superhumans is discussed, the
variety of their origins has to be considered, whether they mostly act independently
from all State entity, or their very origin has to do with a State mission. Some
individuals therefore were humans before they became Superhumans: does that mean
that their status towards law has changed when they got their abilities?
Case Study: Steve Rogers/Captain America
Patriotic but physically deemed unable to join the US forces, Steve Roger
volunteered to enter Operation Rebirth, a project aiming to enhance US Soldiers in
order to defeat the Nazi troops. He became the first test subject to benefit from the
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Super Soldier Serum and exposure to the Vita-Rays, activating the chemicals
in his system and turning his physiology into that of a Super Soldier. He
consequently served as counter intelligence and US hero against Nazi Germany.
After a final confrontation with his archenemy Red Skull, he was left for dead
freezing in solid ice, and was only found years later, where he joined the Avengers.
To this day, Steve Rogers is still volunteering and operating under US orders, which
makes him potentially susceptible to the same legal prosecutions as any other soldier.
However, can he be considered “super” or is his soldier capacity enough to prevent
him from benefitting from special rights?
Case Study: Bruce Banner/The Hulk
Dr Bruce Banner, nuclear physics professor, was irradiated by deadly gamma energy
during an experiment gone wrong and somehow survived. At first, Bruce Banner
would transform into Grey Hulk at night, and get back to his human form at dawn.
Eventually, he became to transform into Green Hulk when adrenaline is released in
his system, in situations of intense excitement, becoming extremely violent and
uncontrollable.
Bruce Banner has thus become super by accident, and has an alter ego which is a
threat to society. Could it possibly be envisioned that he might be prosecuted for The
Hulk’s actions? Or could he be legally restrained or imprisoned to prevent any
contact between The Hulk and the society? What is the legal limit between Bruce
Banner and The Hulk?
Case Study: Wade Wilson/Deadpool
Wade Wilson, a former Special Forces operative turned mercenary, was diagnosed
with terminal cancer. He was then offered hope of survival by a secret research
agency offering him to take part in an experimental cure for cancer. The agency is
said to be part of the Weapon X program, and injected him a serum that conferred
him superhuman strength and healing ability.
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Taking the name of Deadpool, Wade Wilson was thus turned “super” against
his will, only motivated by his desperation to cure from a deadly disease. His true
identity isn’t known to any official authorities, and he mostly acts with a “vigilante”
modus operandi, rejecting the X-Men’s offer to join their ranks, and preferring to
remain independent. Deadpool had almost entirely gotten rid of his human alias, and
has entirely embraced his new identity as his new self. The question is, if faced with
criminal prosecution, how would Deadpool be considered? As Wade Wilson? Or as
Deadpool? And has his identity changed the minute he was transformed or can he
still be considered fully human in the eyes of the law?
Questions the Declaration Must Answer
Do we stand before humanity as a united front?
Do special classes within us deserve special treatment?
Does a high profile deserve special treatment?
Does an extreme heroic action deserve special treatment?
Should we declare all past crimes (and heroic act) null and void moving
forward from this summit?
What should be done with high powered individuals who wish to live
normative lives?
Should super criminals be exempt? What if they agree to certain conditions?
Should special conditions be given when a government or NGO calls on the
enhanced human for help?
Does nationality play a role in this decision?
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Topic B: The line between
Superhuman and Vigilante
It is no surprise that many Superhumans have struggled a lot in order to give
themselves certain legitimacy especially when it comes to their relation with the
authorities. The biggest challenge that a lot of them face is to try to distance them
from what we call a vigilante.
Definition: A vigilante is “a member of a self-appointed group of citizens who
undertake law enforcement in their community without legal authority, typically
because the legal agencies are thought to be inadequate. “
The negative connotation is clear in the idea of a vigilante compared to a hero, the
idea and image that a lot of the Superhuman of the Marvel Universe want to put
forward.
The argument of the Superhumans being vigilantes is often used by anyone who
wants to undermine them, limit their powers or even capture them under his direct
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
authority. We can easily come across arguments such as “only those who are
invested by the state should act” or “if some are allowed to undertake actions in order
to enforce the law or justice the line will be hard to draw afterwards”.
Since the fact of drawing the line between a hero and a vigilante is crucial to the
superhuman legitimacy, those who are directly concerned by it should have a say in
how this line should be drawn.
What makes the enhanced humans of the Marvel universe (us) special?
In order to mark the difference between a hero and a vigilante we need to define at
first what makes these superhumans special or what would grant them a special
treatment. In other words, what makes them heroes?
We can argue between two characteristics. First, we can defend that a superhuman is
a hero due to his actions. Second, we can argue that he is a hero due to his
superpowers.
It is critical to choose wisely between them since they are going to be a key in
defining which enhanced human get a special title and distance himself for the
negative sphere of being defined as a vigilante.
If we chose as a key characteristic the action of the character this means that without
a doubt only those who have served the good and justice will get a special
recognition, even if they do not actually have any kind of superpowers.
On one hand this will put anyone who is on the dark side of the Marvel universe in
the vigilante box. In consequence, programs can be put in place in order to control
them.
On the other hand this means that a number of humans who have done extraordinary
work can see themselves put in this category. This leads us to question is this
characteristic sufficient on its own.
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
However, if we chose to define them by their powers, there will be no difference
between the good and the bad people. This can lead to confusion especially because
the first idea of a hero is someone who serves the good.
Should we all (superhumans) be in the same box?
However, we can even question if there is really a need to point out the difference
between them? Marking the difference between a hero and a vigilante is interesting if
we want to get an automatic recognition of legitimacy for the actions of the heroes, if
there is an automatic status to be given. A hero status implies that certain
characteristics should be filled by the individual in order to access it and be part of
the collective. .
This brings us to another point, should the superhuman present themselves as a
collective in order to negotiate with humans? Or is it more beneficial for each one of
them to bargain individually with the humans in order to get a more tailored
recognition of his actions and himself?
Should we create categories that are more specific in order to distinguish between the
superhumans who have fundamentally different values?
If negotiating as a collective is the way to go, should they come to agree on a
collective bargaining agreement with humans?
The notion of collective bargaining agreement is true to labor law. It is commonly
defined as “an agreement in writing or writings between an employer and a trade
union or a group of employees setting forth the terms and conditions of
employment.”
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
We can in fact imagine a sort of coexistence between the law authority and the
superhuman that is defined in a sort of collective bargaining agreement and this takes
them right out the vigilante box.
The characteristic of a collective bargaining agreement have been laid out in the
Collective Bargaining Convention, 1981 (No. 154) that “defines collective
bargaining and calls for its promotion in all branches of economic activity, including
public service.”
We can even push this a little further and imagine that as a collective to start on a
clean slate a form of Amnesty can be negotiated, especially with all the authority who
automatically categorized superhuman as vigilantes.
We can find the notion of Amnesty as a legal tool in post-conflict law. In a study
done by UNHCR in 2009 they define it as “legal measures that have the effect of:
- Prospectively barring criminal prosecution and, in some cases, civil actions
against certain individuals or categories of individuals in respect of specified
criminal conduct committed before the amnesty’s adoption; or
- Retroactively nullifying legal liability previously established.11
Amnesties do not prevent legal liability for conduct that has not yet taken place,
which would be an invitation to violate the law.”
Moreover, in this sense the idea of collective punishment agreement should not be
completely ignored by the superhumans. If they receive amnesty as a collective
humans cans ask them to be held responsible in solidarity for any action taken by any
of them.
Collective Punishment to Curtail Vigilante Acts?
Collective punishment is considered a war crime under the 1949 Geneva Convention,
quoting that “no individual may be punished for a crime or an offense they have not
personally committed”. In International Law, the principle of personal responsibility
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
is deemed fundamental, and cannot be overlooked. In the event of a collective
crime perpetrated by a specific group of Superhumans, they might be prosecuted for a
group action, but each perpetrator would have to be individually investigated and
individual charges would have to be pressed against them in order to pursue legal
actions against them.
However, Group Action is possible in most states, thus granting the possibility for
Superhumans to legally act as a collective if need be, if they felt that they, as a
collective, were attacked or defamed.
This might, in any case, need to be considered; the Marvel Universe often shows a
great tendency from Public Powers to want to restrain Superhuman actions, be it by
the Mutant Control Act which, despite being deemed unconstitutional by the US
Supreme Court, led to mutants being severely persecuted in the Days of Future Past
storyline, or the diverse Registration Acts proposals, leading to the Sokovia Accords,
which all aimed for the public forces to maintain control over Superhumans and their
actions.
Enhanced individuals, like Professor Xavier, have the ability to recognize and/or
track other superhumans. On the matter of supervillains, this be very useful to the
authorities when tracking them down. Superhuman abilities can therefore become
useful for society, and might be a factor for amnesty. That would make for a hero
character, as such missions are State mandated. The X-Men actions, for instance, of
helping states to combat supervillains without being specifically missioned to do so
by any kind of national entity, could be a factor initiating a group bargaining from
their part, if need be.
Being “useful” to society as a group is a part of what the superhumans
Questions the Declaration Should Answer
Do we argue as a collective or is it every enhance human for themselves?
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Should we police our own? Should we build our own prisons?
Is there a characteristics that makes one of us worthy of the status of a hero ?
Should characters that fall under the same status should they bargain
collectively with the humans?
It is more beneficial to set up individual bargaining agreements?
Should those of us who are “innocent” or “heroes” side with relevant humans
in order to sanction the vigilantes?
Mandatory Viewing and Reading
Captain America – Civil War (2016)
X Men – Days of Future Past (2016)
Marvel Comics Civil War:
Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, Part 4, Part 5, Part 6, Part 7
Recommended Viewing and Reading
Thor (2011)
Avengers (2012)
Civil War Tie In: The Wedding of Storm (from X Men) and Black Panther
Iron Man 3 (2013)
Dr. Strange (2016)
“No matter how many times you save the world, it always
manages to get back in jeopardy again.”
Mr. Incredible
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Appendix
Timeline of Enhanced-Human Related Events
June 6, 1973 – Magnetos attack on Richard Nixon
April 1983 – The ‘‘Apocalypse wave’’
July 2006 – Magneto and mutant army attack San Francisco
February 2008 – Iron Man fights Iron Monger above Stark Industries
May 4, 2012 – The Battle of New York
May 2013 - Aldrich Killian kidnaps the President of the United States
January 2014 – Hydra destroys 3 SHIELD Helicarriers
February - June 2014 – The Punisher's war on the gangs of New York (293
dead)
May 1, 2015 – The Battle of Sokovia
June 6, 2016 - The Avengers “Civil War” - Most Avengers declared outlaws
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
November 2016 – Alleged ‘’Dormammu’’ invasion of Hong Kong
LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018
Conference Information
When looking for information regarding LIMUN 2018 (and subsequent
editions) your first step should be to visit our website: www.limun.org.uk
LIMUN on social media
Please follow updates from us through our social media
channels:
London International Model United Nations (LIMUN)
@LondonMUN
When tweeting about this year’s conference (your preparations, journey
to/from London or when live-tweeting the events during the conference itself)
–
- please use hashtag #LIMUN2018
Agenda & Rules of Procedure
The agenda for the 2018 conference is available online at
www.limun.org.uk/agenda
Since its 18th session last year, LIMUN has introduced changes to its Rules of
Procedure. The revised Rules can be accessed here: http://limun.org.uk/rules