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Mapping Western Hemisphere Fauna. Bruce E. Young [email protected]. Association for Biodiversity Information (http://www.abi.org). Association for Biodiversity Information (ABI). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Mapping Western Hemisphere Mapping Western Hemisphere FaunaFauna
Bruce E. [email protected]
Association for Biodiversity Information(http://www.abi.org)
Association for Association for Biodiversity Biodiversity InformationInformation
(ABI)(ABI)
Mission: To develop, manage, and
distribute authoritative information
critical to the conservation of the
world’s biological diversity.
What Information do we Need for What Information do we Need for Conservation?Conservation?
• What is it?
• Where is it?
• How is it doing?
• What are its requirements?
• Where to conserve it?
• At a site, what are the threats and how do we address them?
ABI: ~80 staff plus members of the ABI: ~80 staff plus members of the Natural Heritage NetworkNatural Heritage Network
• A “spin-off” of The Nature Conservancy
• 77 independent “member” programs
• Common methodology
• Each program: ecologists, botanists, zoologists, data specialists
• Programs in 50 U.S. states, 10 Canadian provinces, and 10 Latin American countries
Organizational Homes for Natural Organizational Homes for Natural Heritage ProgramsHeritage Programs
(US and Canada)(US and Canada)
• 78% State or provincial agency• 12% University• 5% Non-profit (e.g., Nature Conservancy)• 5% Other (Navajo Nation, National Park,
District of Columbia)
What do Natural Heritage What do Natural Heritage Programs Do?Programs Do?
Gather, manage, analyze, and distribute information about the biological diversity found within their jurisdictions– Secondary sources & field inventories– Map & manage data– Conduct environmental reviews &
assessments– Design, protect, and manage conservation
areas
Element OccurrenceElement OccurrenceElement Occurrence• is an area of land
and/or water in which a species is, or was present.
• has practical conservation value.
• tracked for endangered species
Protection
Ecomonitoring
Ecovisits
Projects
Transactions
InformationRequests
InformationSources
Actcode Experts
relatedrequests
MAs
El char Tracts
EOs MAsSites
Contacts
El stewEl rank EcomonEl track
Sites
EOs
Conceptual model of the BCD System
Design by Conservation Systems DepartmentThe Nature Conservancy, Arlington, Virginia
Diagram Prepared September 1996
1996 Edition
non-spatialentity
geographicentity
Contacts
TransactionsTractsEOs
Actions
SitesMAs Projects
EOs Tracts
Sites
Designations
Tracts
Taxes
nesting chain oftit le
ElementRanking
ElementTracking
subunitscluster
Element
Location
Condition& Trend
ElementStewardship
TractTransactions
BIOLOGICAL and CONSERVATION DATA SYSTEMDATA RELATIONS DIAGRAM
MapQuadrangles
EOsRequests
SitesMAs
States
Requests
El char
MAs ProjectsContacts
Sites
EOs Tracts
Counties
MAs
SitesTractsRequests
TaxesEl char EOs
ElementOccurrences
Taxes
one-to-manyrelationship
one-to-onerelationship
many-to-manyrelationship
ManagedAreas
ElementCharacterization
Six generationsSix generationsto date ofto date ofNatural HeritageNatural Heritagedatabase database softwaresoftware
Bird and Mammal Mapping Project
Objectives
– Digitize the ranges of all bird and mammal species (~5,600) of the Western Hemisphere
– Disseminate the data to the conservation public
Bird and Mammal Mapping Project
History– TNC-Wings “Setting Priorities” project
(1,300 birds-at-risk)– WWF-US project in Southeastern Brazil
(~800 birds)– MOU among CI-CABS, WWF-US,
TNC-Wings, ABI
Bird and Mammal Mapping Project
Strategy– Gather existing digitized maps– Digitize remaining maps
Quality Standards– Minimum 1 degree lat/long grid– Comparable base map– Up-to-date source
Bird and Mammal Mapping Project
Sources for Digitized Maps– TNC-Wings– WWF-US– Gerardo Ceballos (UNAM)– Patricia Escalante (UNAM)– Stuart Pimm (U. Tennessee)– Ross Keister (USFS)– Don McNicol (CWS)
Bird and Mammal Mapping Project
Data Sources
Birds• North America: Birds of North America• Mexico, northern Central America: Howell
& Webb• Southern Central America: James Zook• South America: Robert Ridgely• Caribbean: Raffaele et al.
Bird and Mammal Mapping Project
Data SourcesMammals• North America: Wilson & Ruff• Central America: Reid• South America: Eisenberg & Redford• Caribbean: Literature
Expert Review: Bruce Patterson
Bird and Mammal Mapping Project
Details
• ArcView 3.x
• Digitize polygons & points (South American birds only)
• ~1:5,000,000
• Degrade data as necessary
Bird and Mammal Mapping Project
Polygon data fields
• File name: gggg_ssss_pl.xxx
• Family, genus &species, common name
• Migratory status1 = Year-round Resident 6 = Boreal wintering
2 = Austral breeding 7 = Boreal transient (migrating)
3 = Austral wintering 8 = Vagrant
4 = Austral transient (migrating) 9 = Uncertain
5 = Boreal breeding 10 = Extinct/extirpated
Bird and Mammal Mapping Project
Point data fields• File name: gggg_ssss_pt.xxx• Family, genus &species, common name• Migratory status• Location• Source type (specimen, observation)• Institution/Observer• Date• Locational Uncertainty• Comments
Bird and Mammal Mapping Project
Determine Source
Digitize Map
Expert Review
Redigitize
Data Roll-up
Bird and Mammal Mapping Project
Final Products– Compact Disk– Downloadable Data– InfoNatura (not funded yet)
Bird and Mammal Mapping Project
• Status– Received: about 4,000 maps– Already digitized: about 1,400– Remaining: digitizing, review, revision
Courtesy of R. Ridgely, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia
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Long-tailed Woodcreeper, Deconychura longicauda
Courtesy of R. Ridgely, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia
Bird and Mammal Mapping Project
Challenges• Variable precision of contributed maps• Variety of base maps used• Schedules of contributors• Taxonomic instability• Protecting unpublished information• Reflecting movement status• Funding for updates
www.infonatura.org
InfoNatura: Search by Name
InfoNatura: Search by Country
InfoNatura: Search by Status
InfoNatura: Search Results
InfoNatura: Report
InfoNatura: Distribution