Manasara and arthasasthra new.pptx

8/14/2019 Manasara and arthasasthra new.pptx

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KautilyasArthashastra (350 BC )

Kautilya (also known as Chanakya and Vishnugupta) Known as a strategist, and expert in political science, Law

and order, crime detection, town planning as well as goodgovernance.

The main theme of this book is:Prajasukhe Sukham Raja, Prajacha Hite Hitam..

In the happiness of the subjects lies the benefit of the king and inwhat is beneficial to the subjects is his own benefit

Principles and strategies were used by:

-Chandragupta Maurya,

-Emperor Ashoka,

-Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj

FOUNDATIONS OF ARTHASHASTRA


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Framework of Arthashastra

This treatise -sixteen books Deals with the running of a state - taxation, law, diplomacy, military

strategy, economics, bureaucracy etc.

Advocates rational ethic

ARTHA(wealth,

earth, polity)

SHASTHRA(Science)

ARTHASHASTHRA


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KNOWLEDGE

Anvikasi

Philosophy

(lamp of allsciences)

Travi

Three vedas

(Sama, rig, yajur)

Varta

Economics (agriculture,cattle breeding, trade)

Dantaniti

Science ofgovernment &

politics)


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CONCEPT OF THE STATE

To enable the individual to practise dharma and move towards theliberation from the cycle of death-rebirth.

Wields the instruments of compulsion (danda),

Thus the state enables two things

- practice dharma

- bhog (enjoyment) of private property rights.

The main two principles were

-military imperative (strength in unity) and

-principle of dharma.

Had specified rules of governance and a code of conduct.


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Swami (Monarch)

Amatya (Officials)

Janapada (Population and Territory)

Durga (Fort)

Kosa (Treasury)

Bala (Military)

Surhit (Ally)

SAPTANGA (ELEMENTS OF THE STATE )Arthasastra conceptualizes the state to have seven elements


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HYPOTHETTICAL SKETCH

OF THE STATE AS

CONCEIVED BY KAUTILYA


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NEW SETTLEMENTS Expansion of the state

provisions to settle and financial help with easy paymentsoptions.

He (the king/ruler) shouldfavour them with grains, cattleand money. These they should pay back afterwards at theirconvenience

Application in todays scenario

Rapid population growth leads to over crowding of cities.

Policies and strategies encouraging reverse migration tovillages or new land

Provide basic raw materials for new industries at low interest rates, tax benefits and easy repaymentschemes.


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PROVISION OF WATER

Water is life. All living creatures depend on water.

Settlement of people availability of water. Storage reservoirs were to be built using natural springs or

water brought from elsewhere

Application in todays scenario:

Wastage of water should be totally prevented.

Implement - Rain water harvesting, building of publicwater reservoirs etc.

Rainy season plans to store water for the whole year to be done.

Awareness about need of controlling water wastage.


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BUILDING ROADS

Roads are the lifeline of any nation.

Building of roads, connecting to the remotest corner andmaintaining its beauty.

The king was also to help people volunteering to build reservoirs

by giving them land, building roads, or by giving them grantstimber and other implements (2..1.21)

The king to help people to get better connectivity.


Building and maintaining good roads - Government. Quality of work of the contractor to be inspected regularly.


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CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Mainly during natural calamities.

Distribution of food at concessional rate to public, seeking thehelp of friendly kings, shifting the people to neighborhood,migration and additional cultivation of coping with theemergency (4.3.17-20)


When natural calamity occurs - everyone has to get into actionimmediately.

Support from neighboring places should be asked.

Public awareness in prone areas.


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CIVIC AMENITIES AND COMMON FACILITIES

A lot of emphasis has been laid down to provide and protect pubicamenities in KautilyasArthashastra.

Shades, courtyards, latrines, fire places, places for poundinggrain and open spaces were to be used as common properties


Provided public amenities and facilities like shades,natural surroundings, latrines, warm placesand openareas (playground and gardens)


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KEEPING REGULAR INSPECTION

No rule can be fully beneficial if regular inspections are notconducted and reports are not been monitored.

He (leader) should constantly hold an inspection of their works,

men being inconstant in their minds


It is quite natural for a person to slip into complacency if the bossdoes not take regular inspection. Over a period of time the work is

taken for granted. Hence strict daily and hourly productivityrecords have to be maintained. A good MIS (Managementinformation system) has to be produced. Only then can we have anefficient system.


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ART OF PUNISHMENT

Another name of Kautilyas ArthashastraisDandaniti, meaning the book on the - Art of Punishment.

If the rod is not used at all the stronger swallows the weak inthe absence of the wielder of the Rod (1.4.13-14)

The king severe with rod (punishment) becomes a terror. A king

with mild rod is despised. The king just with the rod is honored(1.4.8-10)

Application in todays scenarioIf strict action is not taken the law of the jungle will prevail in anyplace. However the leader should not become a terror with hispunishment. At the same time he should not become too soft. Thepunishment should be just and balanced. Such a punishmentand punisher is always respected. Only if punishment is carried outwill there be seriousness in the work. If not slowly corruption willset into the whole system.


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CONCLUSION

KautilyasArthashastra is one book that is applicable even intodays world.

The principles in the book are eternal. . It will help each individual to feel safe, secure and also contribute to

the nation building process.

The government of Kautilya's conception is engaged in a series ofsocial welfare activities. In fact, during the period of Kautilya social

welfare was the primary concern of the religious corporations,village and municipal communities, craft guilds and casteassemblies. Thus the concept of today's welfare state was evident inthe Mauryan administration.

To the modern governance of India, the most important instructive

part of Arthashastra is the machinery of government. About bureaucracy - Government servants are to be enthused to

actively help the administration in carrying out orders by grantingthem promotion in salary, pension, financial help, and agriculturallands and also by giving them permanent employment.

Documents

Manasara and arthasasthra new.pptx