Managing the Social and Environmental Issues in Petroleum Development

7/28/2019 Managing the Social and Environmental Issues in Petroleum Development

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RobertDdamuliraWWFUCO

Presentation to ACME meeting

Managing social andenvironmental issues

in petroleumdevelopment - Uganda

Robert Ddamulira, WWF Energy

and Climate

Wednesday, 17 October 2012

For a living planet


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Game

d

The seer describes what he has seen to the

The learner describes the picture to the rest of the

group

The group members draw and sign on theirpictures

Display the picture and top two people who draw

the picture closest to original the wins

The game of the seer, learner and actor..


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Moral and lessons...

The process above describes the typical

reporting process; the seer, the learner

and the decision-maker.

Demonstrates the potential distortions

that can happen along the

communication chain.

We must always be prepared to capturethe story for future use; through a

recorder or camera

Be ready to learn, unlearn and relearn

Reflection on the moral and lessons of the game


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7/52Meeting the mulaalo


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The


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Top-line messages...

Is Uganda well prepared to deal with these issues?

There are direct, indirect and cumulative,

environmental issues associated with petroleum

development but the sole responsibility of managing

these is first to Ugandans and to then to petroleumcompanies.

How are we prepared to deal with the most serious

environmental and social challenges at a time when

the money will have run out and most likely with adifferent kind of government?

We must learn, unlearn and relearn from our past

and present if petroleum is to benefit people and

safeguard nature.

Top 3 key messages..


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Key Message #1:

Petroleum development is likely to introduce few

new direct, indirect and cumulative, most impacts

will be through accelerating existing environmentaland social challenges...


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Forest loss in the Lira Soroti area, no forest in a 200km horizon


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Direct, indirect and cumulative , are we prepared ...

Forest loss in Nairobi neighbourhood, Uganda is heading to this by 2050


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Key Message #2:

How are we prepared to deal with the most serious

environmental and social challenges at a time when

the money will have run out and most likely with adifferent kind of government, population?


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Time

Petroleumr

evenues

Levelofenvironmentalimpacts


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How shall we manage the impacts when they reach this scale?


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Key Message #3:

We must learn, unlearn, relearn from our past and

present if we are going to benefit from petroleum

and manage associated environmental and socialchallenges petroleum presents.


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Legislation is in place, NFA is in place, people are aware of the dangers of forest loss,

but Uganda continues to loose 6000ha every 30 days.

Forest size

Human population size

1890 =

108,000km2 -

2050 = 0.0km21911 = 2.5million

2011 = 33million


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GROUP WORK ON ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL

IMPACTS OF PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT20 - MINUTES


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Outline top 3 negative impacts and top 3

positive impacts from petroleumdevelopment could relate to each of the

following environmental components;

Society

Air Water

Land

Wildlife

Group work instructions


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x Soil Erosion x Water quality changes

x User conflicts x Chemical/pollutant releases

x Disturbance to wildlife x Impacts to human built environment

x Oil spills x Air quality degradation

x Alteration of hydrology x Siltation

x Loss of fish and wildlife x Employment opportunities

x Increased noise and traffic x Impact on social services

x Habitat loss or change

x Environmental studies


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Air:Noise, emissions,

microclimatechange

Land:Degradation,

contamination,deforestation,

Wildlifepoaching,

species loss,

WaterContamination,

pollution,

catchments

Environmental

degradation

SOCIETALCultural, population,

land-use, conflicts


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Be careful different people will havedifferent perspectives on the same


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THE OFFICIAL POSITION


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THE COMMUNITY POSITION


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Can poor people change? There is no use trying to help these people. These

dirty, ignorant people are putting too many children intoto the world.

They won't work; they have no discipline. They misuse

every opportunity they get.

Every time they get some money in their hands it allgoes to drinking and senseless waste.

All the help we give them is just an incentive to

laziness, and another opportunity to produce even more

children.

Norway as described in1885, by British Engineer in aletter to his home government)


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Norway best place to live in - 2009

Why? Mainly due to oil revenues from 2.6million barrels of oil per day (BP, 2008).


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I did meet the Mulaalo friend of mine two

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Petroleum development will magnify existing

environmental challenges more than

introduce new ones.

Uganda must prepare to manage

environmental impacts in a time unlike what

we see today.

Environmental sustainability and socialharmony will require that Uganda learns,

unlearns and relearns from its past and

present if petroleum is to benefit people and

safeguard nature.

Top 3 key messages..


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EVALUATION

:KDWGLG\RXVHHLQWKLVSUHVHQWDWLRQWKDW\RXGLGQWVHHLQthe others (not content structure?)

What new things did you learn?

What did you not like in this presentation?

What would you like to see more of in the next presentationfrom WWF on petroleum?


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Thank you

Robert DdamuliraEnergy and Climate ManagerWWF Uganda Country Office

P. O. Box 8758

Plot 2 Sturrock Street, Kololo - Kampala, Uganda

[email protected]

Mob: +256-712-582-723/+256-776-582-723

www.panda.org

WWF UCO Energy andClimate Programme

For a living planet

2010, WWF. All photographs used in this presentation are copyright protected and courtesy of the WWF-Canon Global Photo Network and the respective photographers.
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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MANAGING SOCIAL AND

ENVIRONEMNTAL CHALLENGES


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The impacts

Employment opportunities

Improved access to social services;

health, education, water, domestic wastemanagement

Improved transport and trade

opportunities.

+ve Socio-economic impacts :


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The impacts

Change in land-use pattern; tourism

agriculture, fishing, logging, hunting etc.

Changes in local population due toimmigration or emigration.

Changes in local economy; due to

employment, inflation, and inequality

Socio-cultural changes; changes in age

structure, behaviour, prostitution, beliefs,

access to land, value systems etc.

Potential for corruption and social conflicts

-ve Socio-economic impacts :


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Ideas worth

FACT: The h

control 53% of national income/expenditure,

while the poorest 20% control only 5% of

national income/expenditure? Or that while an

average Ugandan consumes 69kWh of

electricity per year, the average Swedish citizen

consumes 14,142kWh, this is 204 times greater

than an average Ugandan.

UNDP HDR2007

Did you know?

How is this likely to affect the

petroleum industry in the Albertine

Rift.


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The impacts

Improvement in security of tenure

Improvement in policing and

management of protected areas.

Restoration of environmentally degraded

areas e.g. forests through offset

projects

+ve impacts on land:


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The impacts

Deforestation and vegetation loss due to

physical disturbance during construction.

Contamination of land due to oil andchemical spillage

Indirect impacts due to opening access;

e.g illegal timber harvesting,

Soil erosion due to alternation of

prevailing drainage systems.

Impacts on terrestrial wildlife poaching,

road-kills, human-wildlife conflicts

-ve impacts on land:


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Ideas worth

FACT: Uganda loses 6000ha of forests every 30

days. At this rate if nothing is done, by 2050

the per capita forest will be zero. Already by

2010 the entire forest ecosystem had been lost

in 23 districts. Total forest loss was between

1990 and 2005 was 1.2 million hectares.

UNDP HDR2007

Did you know?



Rift.


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Forest loss due to construction of a pipe

line in South-America.Seismic line 1 year on Maramagambo forest

reserve

In Alberta, Canada, 80% of seismic lines for oil sands

have failed to regenerate (Creasey and Fischer 2004).


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The impacts

Improvement in management of

domestic water waste.

Potential for strengthening the

management of water resources

particularly wetlands.

+ve impacts on water:


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The impacts

Impacts mainly arise from the

improper/accidental management of

liquid waste and substances in the

industry i.e. produced water, oil spills,sewage etc.

Heavy metal and other toxic

contamination of domestic water sources

Effect on fisheries and other water

resources.

-ve impacts on water:


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Ideas worth

FACT: Uganda loses 6000ha of forests every 30

days. At this rate if nothing is done, by 2050

the per capita forest will be zero. Already by

2010 the entire forest ecosystem had been lost

in 23 districts. Total forest loss was between

1990 and 2005 was 1.2 million hectares.

UNDP HDR2007

Did you know?



Rift.


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British petroleum Oil Spill - 2010

The final estimate reported that 53,000 barrels per day (8,400

m3/d) were escaping from the well just before it was capped on

15th July, 2010.

BP Oil Spill Cost: $1.6 Billion (5% of Annual Profit)


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The impacts

Impact of gaseous emissions on local air

quality.

Acid rain from interaction ofatmospheric moisture with COx, SOx and

NOx

Impact of emissions on local and

international climate change.

WRI, 1991: 22,672,million tons of CO2

emissions from gas flares.

Impacts on air resources:

Oil flaring at Waraga 2006 Hoima District


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Ideas worth

FACT: "In the United States, more than 90% of

greenhouse gas emissions come from the combustion

offossilfuels."

(US EPA.2000. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas

Emissions and Sinks).

Lake Wamala h

declined by 50% between 1987 and 1995 (NEMA

2010).

Did you know?



Rift.


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MANAGING THE SOCIAL AND

ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES

i h i


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Managing the impacts

Proper legislations, planning,

coordination and leadership by project

owners.

EIAs, SEAs, Audits etc

Awareness raising and stakeholder

engagement.

Capacity strengthening of critical actors

Key management tools:

Lion in Queen Elizabeth National Park


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Environmental

Sensitivity Atlas of the

Albertine Rift

M i h i


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Managing the impacts

Operational monitoring and audits.

Dialogues and consultations

Civil society empowerment andengagement.

Participation and engagement of local

communities i.e. compensations

Integrated waste management.

Integrated freshwater management

systems

Site management tools:


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Documents

Managing the Social and Environmental Issues in Petroleum Development