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Male reproductive systemMale reproductive system
Anatomy and physiologyAnatomy and physiology
Kristina NjeršKristina NjeršMentor: A. Žmegač HorvatMentor: A. Žmegač Horvat
Male reproducitve Male reproducitve system,anatomy(MRSA)system,anatomy(MRSA)
TestisTestis,,
ScrotScrotumum
EpididyEpididymismis
Vas Vas (ductus)(ductus)deferensdeferens
Seminal Seminal vesiclevesicle
Prostate Prostate glandgland
UrethUrethrara
Bulbourethral Bulbourethral (Cowper`s) (Cowper`s)
glandgland
PenisPenis
EjaculatorEjaculatory ducty duct
Functions of the MRS:Functions of the MRS:
1. Production, retention and 1. Production, retention and transport of sementransport of semen
2. Production and secretion of 2. Production and secretion of testosteronetestosterone
3. Ejaculation - sperm 3. Ejaculation - sperm discharge during intercoursedischarge during intercourse
TestisTestis - - in scrotum (27 degrees C)in scrotum (27 degrees C) -seminiferous tubules - germ cells - -seminiferous tubules - germ cells -
spermatogenesisspermatogenesis -Sertoli cells-Sertoli cells -interstitial cells - Leydig cells - -interstitial cells - Leydig cells -
testosteronetestosterone
Spermatogenesis (3 major Spermatogenesis (3 major parts)parts)mitosismitosis- - the multiplication of the multiplication of
spermatogoniaspermatogonia
meiosismeiosis- - reduction of reduction of chromosome number from chromosome number from diploid to haploiddiploid to haploid
spermiogenesisspermiogenesis --transformation of transformation of spermatid into the spermatid into the spermatozoonspermatozoon
Spermatozoa or sperms are Spermatozoa or sperms are first produced at puberty,first produced at puberty,
spermatogenic activity is spermatogenic activity is maintained into old agemaintained into old age
Spermatozoon(sperm cell)Spermatozoon(sperm cell)
The headThe headAcrosomeAcrosome - -
enzyme activityenzyme activity
The tailThe tailMitochondria - Mitochondria -
motilitymotility
secretory and secretory and structural support to structural support to the germ cellsthe germ cells
(spermatogenesis)(spermatogenesis)
create a blood-testis create a blood-testis barrierbarrier
Sertoli cellsSertoli cells
Epididymis Epididymis - upon lateral edge of posterior border - upon lateral edge of posterior border of the testisof the testis
- caput, corpus, cauda- caput, corpus, cauda - spermatozoa conduit and reservoir- spermatozoa conduit and reservoir - spematozoon gets motilily and - spematozoon gets motilily and
fertilizing capacityfertilizing capacity
Vas deferensVas deferens - in the spermatic cord - in the spermatic cord - scrotal, inguinal, retroperitoneal - scrotal, inguinal, retroperitoneal
portionsportions - peristaltic contractions during - peristaltic contractions during
ejaculationejaculation
Spermatic cordSpermatic cord - connective tissue sheath - connective tissue sheath - contains - ductus deferens,- contains - ductus deferens, - testicular blood vessels- testicular blood vessels - nerves- nerves
Seminal vesiclesSeminal vesicles - posterior to the urinary - posterior to the urinary bladderbladder
- alkaline secretion - enhances - alkaline secretion - enhances spermatozoic mobilityspermatozoic mobility
- energy source (fructose)- energy source (fructose) - most of the volume of ejaculated - most of the volume of ejaculated semensemen
Ejaculatory ductEjaculatory duct - - ductus deferensductus deferens + + seminalseminal vesiclevesicle duct duct
Prostate glandProstate gland - encircles - encircles upper end of urethra upper end of urethra - muscular gland - smooth muscle - muscular gland - smooth muscle
contracts during ejaculationcontracts during ejaculation- secretion - helps motlity of sperm- secretion - helps motlity of sperm
Bulbourethral glands (Cowper`s)Bulbourethral glands (Cowper`s) - below the - below the prostate prostate
- secretion - empty into - secretion - empty into urethraurethra
SemenSemen-combination of fluid and -combination of fluid and spermatozoa (spermatozoa (<<1%)1%)
- root- root
- body- body
- 3 circular-shaped - 3 circular-shaped chamberschambers
- sponge-like erectile - sponge-like erectile tissuetissue
- vascular sinuses- vascular sinuses
- vasodilatation - - vasodilatation - erectionerection
- glans penis- glans penis
- foreskin (prepuce)- foreskin (prepuce)
- circumcision- circumcision
- nerve endings- nerve endings
PenisPenis