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NounsStrong Weak
u-stemAthe-maticMasc.
Neut. Fem.Masc. Neut. Fem.
Short Long Short Long
N. sg.stān scip þing
ġiefu sorg namaēage
tungesunu mann
A.
ġiefe sorge naman tunganG. stānes scipes þingesēagan suna
mannes
D. stāne scipe þinge menn
N/A pl. stānas scipu þingġiefa sorga
naman ēagan tungansuna
menn
G. stāna scipa þinga namena ēagena tungena manna
D. stānum scipum þingum ġiefum sorgum namum ēagum tungum sunum mannum
Demonstrative Pronouns“the,” “that,” “those” “this,” “these”
Masc. Neut. Fem. Masc. Neut. Fem.
N. sg. seþæt
sēo þesþis
þēos
A. þone þā þisne þās
G. þæs
þǣre
þissesþisse, þisre
D. þām, þǣm þissum
I. þȳ, þon þȳs
N/A pl. þā þās
G. þāra, þǣra þissa, þisra
D. þām, þǣm þissum
Personal Pronouns
Sg. Dual Pl.Third Person
Masc. Neut. Fem.
N.
1st pers.
iċ wit wē
Sg.
hēhit
hēo
A.mē, mec unc ūs hine hīe,
hī, hȳ
G. mīn uncer ūre hishire
D. mē unc ūs him
N.
2nd pers.
þū ġit ġe
Pl.
hīe, hī, hȳA.
þē, þec inc ēow
G. þīn incer ēower hira
D. þē inc ēow him
Verbs
StrongWeak 1
Weak 2 Pret. Pres. “to be”Short Long
Infinitive helpan fremman hǣlan lufian witan wesan bēon
Inflected Infinitive
tō helpanne
tō fremmanne
tō hǣlanne
tō lufianne
tō witanne tō bēonne
Pres. Part. helpende fremmende hǣlende lufiende witende wesende bēonde
Past Part. holpen fremed hǣled lufod
Imperative help freme hǣl lufa wite wes bēo
Indicative
Pres. 1 sg. helpe fremme hǣle lufie wāt eom bēo
Pres. 2 sg. hilpst fremest hǣlst lufast wāst eart bist
Pres. 3 sg. hilpð fremeð hǣlð lufað wāt is bið
Pres. pl. helpað fremmað hǣlað lufiað witon sind(on) bēoð
Past 1, 3 sg. healp fremede hǣlde lufode wisse, -ste wæs
Past 2 sg. hulpe fremedest hǣldest lufodest wistest wǣre
Past pl. hulpon fremedon hǣldon lufodon wisson, -ston wǣron
Subjunctive
Pres. sg. helpe fremme hǣle lufie wite sīe bēo
Pres. pl. helpen fremmen hǣlen lufien witen sīen bēon
Past sg. hulpe fremede hǣlde lufode wisse, -ste wǣre
Past pl. hulpen fremeden hǣlden lufoden wissen, -sten wǣren
Classes of Strong VerbsInfinitive Third pers. sg. First past Second past Past part.
1 wrītan wrītt wrāt writon writen
2a ċēosan ċīest ċēas curon coren
2b lūcan lȳcð lēac lucon locen
3a singan singð sang sungon sungen
3b helpan hilpð healp hulpon holpen
3c hweorfan hwierfð hwearf hwurfon hworfen
4a stelan stilð stæl stǣlon stolen
4b niman nimð nam nōmon numen
5 sprecan spricð spræc sprǣcon sprecen
6 bacan bæcð bōc bōcon bacen
7a hātan hǣtt hēt hēton hāten
7b flōwan flēwð flēow flēowon flōwen
AdjectivesStrong Weak
Masc.Neut. Fem.
Masc. Neut. Fem.Short Long Short Long
N. sg. hwæthwæt gōd
hwatu gōd gōdagōde
gōde
A. hwætne hwate gōde gōdan gōdan
G. hwætes gōdes
hwætre gōdre gōdanD. hwatum gōdum
I. hwate gōde
N/A pl. hwate hwatu, -e gōd, -e hwata, -e gōda, -e gōdan
G. hwatra gōdra hwatra gōdra gōdra, gōdena
D. hwatum gōdum hwatum gōdum gōdum
Interrogative Pronouns
Masc., Fem. Neut.
hwāhwæthwone,
hwæne
hwæs
hwām, hwǣm
hwȳ, hwon
The Magic Sheet3rd ed.
Copyright © 2016by Peter S. Baker
A supplement to Peter S. Baker, Introduction to Old English, 3rd ed. (Wiley-Blackwell, 2012).