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7/27/2019 Macular Degeneration 09
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Age-RelatedMacular Degeneration
By Tom Boyles, Dustin Broadus,
Lori Buckle, Constance Marsh,and April Seybold
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What is Macular Degeneration?
Macular Degeneration is a groupof progressive eye conditionswhich involve deterioration of the
macula, the central region of theretina.
Partial list of types ofMacular Degeneration: Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Juvenile Macular Degeneration orMacular Dystrophy
Stargardts Disease, a type ofJuvenile Macular Degeneration
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There are two general types ofAge-Related Macular Degeneration:
Dry (non-neovascular or atrophic) Early stage, less severe
85%-95% of cases
Most common symptom is burry vision 3 Stages: Early, Intermediate, & Advanced
Wet (neovascular or exudative) More severe than Dry ARMD
Early symptom: Straight lines appear wavy
Central vision blind spots develop
Two sub-types: Occult & Classic
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How is it diagnosed?
If retinal damage
is suspected, anophthalmologistwill perform a
retinal exam.
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Fluorescein angiography is used toexamine the retinal blood vessels.
In Wet ARMD unwanted,
proliferating blood vessels
leak blood & fluid causing
permanent damage to light-
sensitive retinal cells.
In Dry ARMD yellowishwaste deposits, calleddrusen form on the retina.
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An Amsler grid
assists with diagnosisAn Amsler grid
is a tool that
eye doctors use todetect visionproblems resultingfrom damage to
the macula.
The lines may lookwavy if you haveEarly Dry ARMD.
Small blind spots mayappear in your vision asdry macular degenerationprogresses.
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CHANGES IN THE MACULA
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What impact does ARMD
have on the vision?
Distorted Vision
Loss of sharp, centralvision needed forreading, driving, etc.
Difficulty seeing fine
detail Difficulty seeing color
clearly
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Common Treatments
There is no cure forDry or Wet ARMD atthis point in time.
No FDA-approvedtreatments exist forDry ARMD.
Studies indicate takingvitamins A, C, and E,zinc, lutein, antioxidants,& Omega-3 oils may helpprevent or slow DryMacular Degeneration.
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Common Treatments
Various FDA approved drugs are
used to slow down theprogression of Wet ARMD.
Lucentis, Macugen
Visudyne used with
Photodynamic Therapy or PDT
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What will improve the lives of
individuals with ARMD?
Low vision aids such asmagnifiers
UV protectedsunglasses
Proper lighting for neartasks
Regular visits to yourophthalmologist oroptometrist
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References
1. About AMD. Retrieved July 25, 2009, from http://www.eyeonamd.com/EyeOnAMD/about-amd.html 2. Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Retrieved July 25, 2009, fromhttp://www.nei.nih.gov/health/maculardegen/armd_facts.asp
3. American Macular Degeneration Foundation. Stargardts Disease. Retrieved on July 26, 2009, fromhttp://www.macular.org/stargardts.html
4. Dictionary of Eye Terminology 5th Edition. Barbara Cassin and Melin L. Rubin, Editor. 2006.Gainesville, Fl, pg 167.
5. Ken Moses, Ph. D. The Impact of Childhood Disability: The Parents Struggle. Retrieved July 26, 2009 from http://docs.google.com/gview?a=v&q=cache:FVUA1bWMnmAJ:www.dsact.com/images/docs/thei
mpact08.pdf+ken+moses+disabled&hl=en&gl=us
6. Liz Segre. Amsler Grid: Test for Macular Degeneration or Other Vision Problems. Retrieved July 25, 2009,from http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/amsler-grid.htm
7. Marika Veisson. Depression Symptoms and Emotional States in Parents of Disabled and Non-DisabledChildren. Retrieved July 26, 2009, from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3852/is_199901/ai_n8851290/
8. Marilyn Maddrill. Macular Degeneration. Retrieved July 25, 2009, fromhttp://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/amd.htm
9. Marilyn Maddrill. Stargardt's Disease (Fundus Flavimaculatus).Retrieved July 26, 2009, from http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/stargardts.htm
10. Richard L. Windsor, O.D., F.A.A.O. and Laura K. Windsor, O.D., F.A.A.O. UnderstandingStargardts Disease. Retrieved July 26, 2009, from http://www.lowvision.org/stargardts.htm
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