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Macro to Micro
Test #1 – – Lessons 1-7
-Classification
Taxonomy is the classification of living things Developed by Carolus Lennaeus around
1735 He developed a 7 layers system: Kingdom,
Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species
Scientific Name
The number and diversity of organisms increase as you move up through the layers
The similarities among organisms increase as you move down through the layers
Scientific Name
Organisms can be classified by location, scientist or behavior of that organism
One organism, two names (genus and species):– The first name is the genus (usually a noun)– The second name is the species (usually an
adjective)– First letter of the genus is ALWAYS capitalized.– The entire name is always in italics
Acer rubrum
Acer means “maple” rubrum means “red”
So Acer rubrum is a red maple tree.
Living Organisms
All move All reproduce All grow All respond to the environment All produce waste
Kingdoms
There are 5 kingdoms – Plant– Animal– Bacteria– Protist– Fungus
Insects
Hundreds of types of insects on earth Can be destructive Have 3 body parts (head, thorax and
abdomen), six legs (or two sets of three legs), four wings, antenna and an exoskeleton
Parasitic wasps help lower Earth’s pest population
WOWBug
Dr. Matthews has worked with WOWBugs for many years
WOWBug is a parasitic insect Lays its eggs in a host Usually damages or kills the host
WOWBug
Female Male
California Blackworm
Usually no more than 10 cm long Anterior and posterior can regenerate Can be found on the edge of ponds and lakes Swims by twisting is body through the water Blood carries food and oxygen throughout the body The blackworm can regenerate where ever it is cut
while the earthworm can only regenerate when cut on the clitellum (which the blackworm does not have)
Habitat
Plants, animals, and other organisms live within every ecosystem
The living component of an ecosystem is referred to as a community
Organisms within an ecosystem perform certain jobs that keep the ecosystem functioning
Organisms can share an ecosystem but have a different habitat
Fast plants
Life cycle is 6 weeks Dr. Williams found that cross pollinating decreased
the life cycle Fast plants can grow in space Fast plants will germinate in light or dark conditions Plants that grow in space can be harvested for food Mr. Lauffer also worked on the fast plants.
Seed development
The process by which a seed becomes a plant is called germination
Germination usually happens underground A seed can withstand hot and cold
temperatures Life cycle of a plant – germination,
pollination, fertilization
Life Cycle video
http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Plant+Life+Cycle+&docid=1207892771057&mid=09A7958B87FC5BB5B67D09A7958B87FC5BB5B67D&FORM=VIVR6#
Monocots and Dicots
Monocot leaf Dicots include nearly all our trees,
bushes, vegetable-garden plants
Dicot leaf Monocots include all grasses and
glasslike plants, plus lilies, irises, amaryllises, and some other plant types
Cabbage White Butterfly – Life Cycle
Plant cells are much like animal cells, except for a couple of differences
A) Plant cells have cell walls, which make them appear rectangular-shaped
B) Plant cells have chlorophyll, the light-absorbing pigment required for photosynthesis. This pigment is contained in structures called chloroplasts, which makes plants appear green
Plant Cell- Onion cell
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cellulose material
Cell membrane
Animal Cell – Cheek Cell
Cell Parts and Functions
The cell wall also provides support for the cell
The cell wall is only in a plant cell
Chloroplast
chloroplasts contain chlorophyll which help to make the food for the plant (glucose)
An onion is a bulb, it is food storage for the actual onion plant, it doesn't make its own food so doesn't need chloroplasts
Nucleus
A small, typically round granular body composed of protein and RNA in the nucleus of a cell
Called the “brain” of the cell
Cytoplasm
Living material within the cell membrane
Vacuole
Containing waste products
Isolating materials that might be harmful or a threat to the cell
Cell Membrane
semi-permeable, controlling the movement of substances in
and out of cells
Additional Information This information is a review and most of everything on the power point is
in the book and should be in your notes.
Not all the answers are in the book. What this means is that there are questions where you will have to “infer” the answer.
There are 28 multiple questions and one scientific drawing.
This is a closed note, book, and lab book test. You use only your brain.
Be smart…you are smart. Relax and “show me” that you know everything.
Don’t memorize everything. Use common sense.
Always eliminate 2 answers that don’t make sense or that you know is wrong and then pick the best answer.
Don’t change an answer unless you are 100% sure that the answer is wrong. 90% of people change right answers to wrong answers.