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Lune Rivers Trust
INNS Strategic Plan 2014
Written and compiled by: Benjamin Myerscough, Sarah Littlefield & Louisa Blundell
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The Lune Rivers Trust Strategic Plan for the controlling of Invasive Non-native Species (INNS) is divided into
separate sections for clarity. Further details in these sections, such as contact information, can be obtained
through The Lune Rivers Trust.
Contents
Introduction to the Catchment, p1.
Projects, p3.
Appendix A - Stakeholder Engagement, p5.
Appendix B - Funding, p11.
Appendix C - Monthly Reports, p12.
Appendix D - Actions Table & Events Schedule, p14.
Appendix E - Species Identification, p17.
Appendix F - Species Information & Distribution, p28.
Appendix G - Species Control methods & Calendar of control times, p32.
Appendix H - Documents Used, p37.
Introduction to the Catchment
The Lune is a large catchment encompassing areas of North Lancashire, South Cumbria and North Yorkshire. The
River Lune is one of the longest rivers in the North West of England, covering a distance of more than 105km. The
Lune rises on the Howgill Fells, where the steep glaciated valleys give rise to fast-flowing streams. The river flows
west to Tebay before turning southwest, flowing to the estuary and into the Irish Sea west of Lancaster.
The upper reaches of the Lune and its tributaries including the Rivers Rawthey, Clough and Dee flow through the
limestone landscape of the Yorkshire Dales National Park. The nature of the geology in this area means that these
upper reaches of the river are characteristically ‘flashy’ – meaning a river which responds very quickly to rainfall,
the flow of water rising rapidly to a high peak before receding similarly. Sheep farming dominates this rural area.
The middle reaches are predominantly rural and much of the land is used for agriculture. There are several small
villages including Kirkby Lonsdale, Bentham and Ingleton. A number of tributaries drain the east of the catchment
and feed the River Lune, including the River Greta, River Wenning and River Hindburn.
The lower catchment is more urbanised and industrial, particularly around Lancaster and Heysham. Tourism in this
part of the catchment is mostly centred on the historic city of Lancaster and Morecambe Bay. The Lancaster Canal,
which crosses the River Lune in Lancaster, is popular for boating, walking and fishing.
The River Keer to the north of Lancaster is in an area dominated by dairy farming and flows directly into
Morecambe Bay.
The River Conder drains the northwest corner of the Bowland Fells and flows into the Lune estuary.
The River Cocker connects to the Lune estuary in Morecambe Bay. The River Keer flows directly into Morecambe
Bay.
Facts and Figures
Area: 44 miles in length, 1311km2 (total area of all water networks)
Main Rivers: Wenning, Hindburn, Roeburn, Greta, Dee, Clough, Rawthey, Keer, Lune
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Major Infrastructure: Canal, 1 (Lancaster); Motorways, 1 (M6); Railway, 4 (West Coast Mainline, Settle,
Barrow and Ribblehead to Kirkby Stephen)
Major Urban Areas: Lancaster, Heysham and Morecambe, Carnforth, Kirkby Lonsdale, Ingleton, Clapham,
Sedbergh, Tebay, High Bentham, Halton, Caton, Hornby, Burton in Lonsdale, Dent, Galgate.
Other Areas of Interest: Lake District National Park, Yorkshire Dales National Park, Forest of Bowland
AONB, remnant mosslands (Winmarleigh Moss and Cockerham Moss), Morecambe Bay SPA and
Morecambe Bay SAC.
Projects
Details of the actions planned and completed in these projects can be found in appendix C and D.
INNS Strategic Plan
The Lune Rivers Trust EA INNS project works with many partners to eradicate/ control the spread of INNS, in
particular Japanese Knotweed, Himalayan Balsam and Giant Hogweed. We aim to do this with a five step
programme outlined in this, our strategic plan. The funding for this plan is available in appendix B.
Collaboration - amalgamation and communication of available data and resources throughout the
catchment involving all partners (LRT, LWT,EA, CFINNS, RRT, WRT)
Collection of data - assess obtained data for usage and initiate volunteer surveying and Lune reporting
system
Community Involvement - Publicising project through social media, websites, newsletters, etc. Produce
database of volunteers and prepare for training/involvement days
Figure 1: Map showing main rivers and
county boundaries:
Red - Lancashire
Yellow - Cumbria
Green - Yorkshire
Figure 2. Major sub-catchments in the
Lune
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Education - extension of LRT Talking Rivers Project, publicising the need for control and raising awareness
of INNS identification.
Engage and train volunteers - Training days, spraying licenses, and the purchase and distribution of safety
equipment such as gloves, hi vis jackets. Training to commence in March 2015 with the organisation of
volunteer days for both long and short term procedures for combating INNS.
CFINNS
The Cumbria Freshwater Invasive Non-Native Species (CFINNS) Initiative is a county-wide and multi-catchment
project. It aims to raise awareness and understanding of freshwater and riparian INNS, to support Local Action
Groups in delivering strategic key actions on the ground and to coordinate a range of partner organisations in the
implementation of the Cumbria Freshwater Biosecurity Plan
(https://secure.fera.defra.gov.uk/nonnativespecies/index.).
Mapping
Partner information, in reference to mapping availability, is available in Appendix A.
The Trust's use of mapping software is currently improving and constantly updating with the continued additions
of datasets and maps sourced from various partners and volunteers. Having a dynamic map is one part of the
'collection of data' section of the plan. Below are some of the key actions that need to be carried out:
Update GIS software with full detailed Lune water network, especially in rural areas where up-to-date
records may be lesser available
Keep GIS software dynamic by constantly included any datasets relevant to funding opportunities
Use mapping supplied by the EA and LWT to identify key sites for HB and JK control, which may be difficult
to access and include in GIS
Work with partners to identify sites for control that would be best suited to individual groups, eg. schools
in urban areas, canoe groups, fishing areas, corporate days
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Appendix A - Stakeholder Engagement, as of 4th March 2015
This section details in full all partners, stakeholders and volunteers throughout the catchment with whom we are in discussion regarding this project. It includes all
organisations, businesses, community groups and individuals who have committed to support us in the removal of INNS (including information on commitment, scope etc).
For completeness we have also detailed those organisations who have been contacted and have either no INNS issue in their area or who do not wish to be involved. This is
a working document and will continue to grow as partners, stakeholders and volunteers are added.
Partner Type Partner Name Area River(s) Contact Name Contact No Email
Local Council Sedbergh Parish Council Sedbergh Rawthey Jane Hassam 01539 620125 [email protected]
Local Council Dent Parish Council Sedbergh Dee Andy Stephenson 015396 21487 [email protected]
Childrens Group Sedbergh Scouts Sedbergh Rawthey Bill Maudsley 015396 20723 Primary School Caton St Pauls Caton Lune Karen Price 01524 770241 Secondary
School Carnforth High School Carnforth Keer Julie Rogerson 01524 732424 [email protected]
Local Council Carnforth Town Council Carnforth Keer Philip Watts-Chamley 07756 080030 Primary School Rylands Primary Lancaster Lune Linda Pye 01524 64626 [email protected]
Childrens Group Marsh Community Centre Lancaster Lune Stephen Dobson 01524 843300 [email protected]
Secondary School Ripley St Thomas Lancaster Lune Ruth Burr
Local Council Middleton Parish Council Sedbergh
Michael Roberts 015242 76371 [email protected]
Local Group Carnforth Rotary Club Carnforth Keer Cliff Randall 015242 62619 Local Council Barbon Parish Council Sedbergh
Mr Kingsbury 015242 76434 [email protected]
Local Council Arkholme Parish Council Kirkby Lune Gillian Hodgson 015242 21814 [email protected]
Local Council Whittington Parish council Kirkby Lune Gillian Hodgson 015242 21814 [email protected]
Childrens Group Arkholme Brownies Kirkby Lune Gillian Hodgson 015242 21814 [email protected]
Local Council Borwick Parish Council Carnforth Keer Claire Helme
Local Council Caton Parish Council Caton Lune Bruce Alexander 01524 381491 [email protected]
Local Council Ellel Parish Council
Gareth Catterson 01524 383503 [email protected]
Local Council Halton Parish Council Lune Margaret Mason 01524 811933 [email protected]
Local Council Heaton-with-Oxcliffe Parish Council Bob Bailey 07828 254149 [email protected]
Local Council Hornby Parish Council Hornby Lune Tizzie Massey
Local Council Melling Parish Council Hornby Lune Stephen Loy 015242 21084 steve@[email protected]
Local Council Middleton Parish Council Sedbergh Lune Barbara Williams 01524 854952 [email protected]
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Local Council Morecambe Town Council Lancaster
David Croxhall 01524 422929 [email protected]
Local Council Nether Kellet Parish Council Keer Keer Mr M J Watson 01524 734624 [email protected]
Local Council Over Kellet Parish Council Keer Keer Mr M J Watson 01524 734624 [email protected]
Local Council Over Wyresdale Parish Council Mrs Gillian Gardner 01524 792129 [email protected]
Local Council Overton Parish Council Mr D G S Clarke 01524 858405 Local Council Priest Hutton Parish Meeting Edwina Shuttleworth 01524 781668 [email protected]
Local Council Quernmore Parish Council Bruce Alexander Local Council Roeburndale Parish Meeting Roeburn Mr J Harpley Local Council Scotforth Parish Council Lancaster Lune Mrs D Coward 01524 35764 [email protected]
Local Council Slyne-with-Hest Parish Council Mrs D Brookes 01524 825464 [email protected]
Local Council Tatham Parish Council Bentham
Jane Pattinson 01524 261672 [email protected]
Local Council Thurnham Parish Council Mr C Wright 01524 68668 [email protected]
Local Council Tunstall Parish Meeting Lune Mrs Elizabeth Moffitt 015242 74283 [email protected]
Local Council Warton Parish Council Keer Keer Mr J W Ball 01524 811819 [email protected]
Local Council Wray-with Botton Parish Council Roeburn Shirley Worrall
Local Council Yealand Conyers Parish Council Keer Keer Ms Dawn Hancock 01524 730223 [email protected]
Local Council Yealand Redmayne Parish Council Keer Keer Mrs S Brown 07837 193990 [email protected]
Living Lune Partner Lune Rivers Trust Whole catchment Sarah Littlefield 015242 22174 [email protected] Living Lune Partner United Utilities Whole catchment
Louisa Simpson-Brown/ Joanna Williams
Living Lune Partner Lancashire Wildlife Trust John Lamb
Living Lune Partner Environment Agency All Simon Bennett
Living Lune Partner Yorkshire Dales National Park N.Yorks Jane LeCocq
Living Lune Partner
Yorkshire Dales Catchment Sensitive Farming YDNP N.Yorks Jane LeCocq
Living Lune Partner Lower Lune Catchment Sensitive Farming Liz Graydon
Living Lune Partner Keer Catchment Sensitive Farming Keer
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Living Lune Partner
Forestry Commission
All
James Anderson-Bickley/ Andy Bennett
Living Lune Partner RSPB
All
Graham Jones/ Richard Cooper
Living Lune Partner The Woodland Trust All Pete Leeson
Living Lune Partner Cumbria Freshwater INNS Cumbria Bekka Corrie-Close [email protected]
Living Lune Partner Morecambe Bay Partnership
Susannah Bleakley
Living Lune Partner Love My Beach
Emma McColm
Living Lune Partner Tebay Anglers Tebay Upper L Peter Moss/Len Clark
Living Lune Partner Bentham Anglers Bentham Wenning Alan Coates/Mike Ramsay
Living Lune Partner Cumbria County Council Cumbria Nick Cotton
Living Lune Partner Wyre Borough Council
Alison Boden
Living Lune Partner Carnforth Anglers Carnforth Keer Dave Carney/ Colin Parkin
Living Lune Partner Canoe England
Pat Green/Mike Sunderland/ Norman Green
Living Lune Partner Cumbria Woodland Trust Cumbria Edward Mills
Living Lune Partner Cumbria Wildlife Trust Cumbria Neil Harnott/David Harpley
Living Lune Partner Lancashire County Council Lancs
Tarja Wilson/Cathy Hopley [email protected]
Living Lune Partner Forest of Bowland AONB Tarja Wilson/Cathy Hopley [email protected]
Living Lune Partner Keer Regeneration Carnforth Keer Linda Renshaw 01524 733036
Living Lune Partner Arnside and Silverdale AONB Sue Hunter
Living Lune Lune and Wyre Fisheries Association All Alan Edney
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Partner
Living Lune Partner Farming Community Representative Sheila Mason
Living Lune Partner
Pine Lake, Business Community Representative Keer Keer Ian Harrington
Fishing Association
Kirkby Lonsdale Angling Association Kirkby Lune David Alton 015242 71069
Fishing Association Roland Gaskell Lune
01524 791437
Fishing Association Whittington Estate Lune
Fishing Association Viscount Clanfield, Arkholme Lune
07713 400976 [email protected]
Fishing Association Gressingham Lune Ian Walker 01539 735926
Fishing Association Marle Water Lune David Hanson 01364 621254
Fishing Association Southport Fly Lune John Brown 01995 61468
Fishing Association Lancaster Anglers Lune Vic Price 01524 812141 [email protected] Fishing Association Aughton Syndicate Lune Dick Stock 01942 222 415
Fishing Association
Becks Homes Hermitage Estate (Crook o' Lune) Caton Lune Tim Sarney 01524 812114 [email protected]
Fishing Association EA - Halton and Skerton Lune Lune Rivers Trust
Fishing Association Halton Engineering Lune Alan Jackson 01772 861543
Fishing Association Lansil Lancaster Lune
Andy Waddington 01524 770307 [email protected]
Fishing Association Prince Albert Fishing Assoc Lune Andy Strickland
Fishing Association Netsman
Estuary Terry Frankland 01524 751898
Fishing Association Bowland Game Fishing Ivan Hargreaves 01254 824888
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Fishing Association Phillip Pease (Kirkby Lonsdale) Kirkby Lune
015242 71711 [email protected]
Fishing Association Newton Estate - the Kimber family Lune
Fishing Association Andrew Croft, Caton
Fishing Association Thomas Bowring, Halton Lune
01524 812228
Fishing Association Ian Beardsworth, Arkholme Lune
Fishing Association Davis & Bowring Land Agents Henry Armitage
015242 74440 [email protected]
Fishing Association Clitheroe Anglers
Allan Livesey 015242 73483 [email protected]
Community Group Lunesdale Rotary Club
Pete Irving 015242 71510
Fishing Association Arkholme
Lune
Malcolm Ireland (Bailiff to Earl Peel and Viscount Clanfield) 015242 21577
Fishing Association Arkholme/Gressingham Lune Mr. Blacow 07768 263295
Fishing Association Rigmaden
Lune Margaret Wilson 015242 76406
Community Group Ridge Community Centre Lancaster
Lou 01524 389008
Political Group Green Party Lancaster
Caroline Jackson Community
Group Transition Lancaster Lancaster
Caroline Jackson Business Costain Lancaster
Matt Gardener
Business Booths
Helen Clarke 01772 693800 Community
Group Littledale Hall Lancaster
Niki Agliolo 01524 771980 [email protected]
Business BT Business Prada Publishing Keer Keer Mark Prada
Community Group Lancashire & Fylde YMCA Lancaster Lune Terry McLoughlin 01524 32737
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Community Group Womens Institute
01772 459202
Childrens Group Army Cadets Carnforth Keer Childrens Group Unique Kidz Carnforth Keer
01524 874047 Government
Group Lancaster Territorial Army Lancaster Lune Captain Stephen Firth 01524 846794 [email protected]
Government Group Lancashire Fire
Wendy Kirkbride 07900 268708 [email protected]
Government Group Lancaster Police
Jessica 01524 63333 [email protected]
Businesss Bay Radio Lancaster Lune Community
Group Morecambe FC Community Sports Janet Preston 01524 412125
Independent
Sedbergh
James Palmer 77887780629 [email protected]
Community Group Piccadilly Garden Centre
01524 847685
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Appendix B - Funding
Lune INNS funding applications, as of 31st January 2015
Funding body Stage of Application
Details
Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty – Sustainable Development Fund
Approved 21.10.14 £1,500
To help map and control INNS on the Lune Catchment waterbodies which are/rise within the Forest of Bowland AONB.
First TransPennine Express and Forestry Commission’s Green Grants 2014
Approved 15.10.14 £2,896.50
Habitat creation scheme which Includes control/removal of INNS along the Keer behind Pine Lake Resort.
Lancashire County Council Green Partnership Award Environmental Grant
Submitted 12.11.14
Co-ordination and amalgamation of INNS control in and around Lancaster.
Yorkshire Dales National Park Sustainable Development Fund
Approved 31.01.15 £8,000
To help map and control INNS on the Lune Catchment waterbodies which are/rise within the Yorkshire Dales National Park.
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Appendix C
LUNE INNS PROJECT – Monthly Report 31st January 2015
Key:- AW - Alison Whalley (EA INNS Project Leader), RM – Rebecca McAllister (EA Business User), SB – Simon Bennett (EA Lune and Wyre Catchment Co-ordinator,SL -
Sarah Littlefield (LRT Project Leader), BM – Ben Myerscough (LRT Scientific Officer), LB – Louisa Blundell (LRT Catchment Administrator), TM – Tom Myerscough (WRT
Project Officer), JL - John Lamb (LWT Project Officer), AdamW – Adam Walmsley (RRT INNS Project Officer).
Project Objective People involved Actions
1. Strategic Management Plan
SL, AW,BM, AdamW, RM, TM
September 2014 AW forwarded LWT Strategic Management Plan. BM trained with AdamW and collected RRT management plans and reports. Discussed with SL – BM now preparing Lune Strategic Management Plan . October 2014 Draft Strategic Management Plan now taking shape (SL,BM) - will include Appendices covering A Lune Catchment Stakeholders, B Funding bids, C Action points - traffic lights, D LRT Monthly progress reports, and E LWT 2012 Survey reports. A - D will be dynamic documents, updated at each month end. BM and SL attended Wyre RT's INNS Task Force(TM) meeting to discuss opportunities for collaboration with all parties. November 2014 Strategic Management Plan now complete and submitted to AW and RM for comment. Appendices B and D updated. Appendices A - D to be updated monthly. December 2014 Appendices A - D updated. January 2015 Appendices A - D updated. Discussions re: preparation for detailed plans for the Forest of Biowland and Yorkshire Dales National Park projects.
2. Funding Strategy SL, AdamW, LB September 2014 LB collated statistics for all Living Lune Catchment Workshops and Surveys relating to INNS and forwarded to AdamW for RRT’s HLF bid. Forest of Bowland forwarded 2 possible funding applications to LB for INNS - SL and LB to complete October. (Wyre RT already have funding from these pots.) October 2014 FOB funding application completed, Lancashire CC Green Partnership Award in final drafting stage. SL in discussions with YDNP with regard to their Sustainable Development Fund. (All of these now to be included in Appendix B of our Strategic Management Plan (BM, SL). November 2014 FOB funding successful (£1,500), also First TransPennine Express Green Grant (£2,2896.50) with element for INNS control on the Keer. Lancashire CC Green Partnership Award submitted and YDNP Sustainable Development Fund in
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drafting stage. December 2014 Queries answered for Lancashire CC Green Partnership Award. YDNP Sustainable Development Fund draft submitted for comments. January 2015 YDNP Sustainable Development Fund submitted - successful (£8,000).
3. Collection of Data SL, BM, AdamW, AW, RM , JL.
September 2014 SL emailed RM and AW to request best practice template for recording new data. BM trained with AdamW on GIS for INNS but looking at the EA INNS layer the data was old and seemed incomplete. SL emailed RM and AW to ask for clarification (does this layer include RRT, LWT, CFINNS and YDNP data for the Lune?) BM preparing simple reporting grid for INNS sightings (based on RRT grid) to give to volunteers . October 2014 LWT forwarded data to LRT and EA from their 2012 Lune Survey (possibly more to come). BM now including these on our catchment map. LRT reporting grid now ready and issued to LRT members and Trustees, Living Lune Partners (BM) 5 grids received back detailing 24 individual reports. LB to include with all contacts with stakeholders. November 2014 Existing data from EA, RRT, CFINNS and LWT now collated (BM). New data collated and shared with EA and LERN who have suggested that we share the Cumbria data with CBDC and the Yorkshire data with NEYEDC. December 2014 Continued promotion of collection of data and collation. Promoted at LRT meetings and through Talking Rivers. January 2015 Continued promotion of collection of data and collation. Promoted at LRT meetings and through Talking Rivers.
4. Local Involvement and 5. Volunteer engagement.
SL, LB. September 2014 LB preparing data base of all corporate bodies, local groups, clubs, volunteers and the areas they wish to cover. 3 different pledge certificates prepared for companies, clubs/societies, “Me and My Friends” in readiness for training and volunteer days from April 2015 onwards. Gloves, high viz jackets etc purchased (cut-price) from South Lakeland DC. October 2014 LB has adapted the Douglas stakeholder grid (provided by LWT) to include Lune stakeholders identified . There will be a "waterbody/geographic" filter as many of the Lune tributaries are very large rivers in their own right. As stakeholders are contacted the grid will be completed and housed under Appendix A in our strategic Management Plan, being updated monthly. SL to publicise at all Talking Rivers presentations. In addition to our standard Talking Rivers presentation LRT are now offering an INNS presentation. November 2014 LB has progressed the stakeholder grid, colour-coding it to show those groups who have already pledged support.
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December 2014 LB has continued to update the stakeholder grid and pledges. January 2015 LB has continued to update the stakeholder grid and pledges. Preparation for specific stakeholder lists for the Keer, Forest of Bowland and Yorkshire Dales National Park projects.
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Appendix D - Action Table & Events Schedule
This table is a dynamic document, which will be updated as work proceeds. More details on project updates can be found in Appendix C (Monthly Reports).
Key:
LB - Louisa Blundell
SL - Sarah Littlefield
BM - Ben Myerscough
Action/Aim Partners Involved Mandatory End date (if required)
Notes/Comments Current Status Last updated?
Collaboration
Organise list of all partners and stakeholders into single spreadsheet
All November 20 14 Master copy held by LRT, can be obtained via Louisa Blundell
Ongoing 04/11/14
Update LRT records with what data is available from other partners in the form of INNS data, mapping, etc
All November 2014/ongoing Master copy held by LRT, can be obtained via Louisa Blundell
In progress 30/10/14
Keep up-to-date records of different groups available for corporate days, volunteering or the potential of training days
All Dynamic More information can be obtained from LB or SL
Ongoing 30/10/14
Full amalgamation of existing databases from all organisations active in the Lune catchment
All Access granted to EA, UU, databases, information shared within partnership
Ongoing 21/10/14
Collection of Data
Initiate volunteer survey programme to collect data on INNS
LRT - to produce form
All - to complete
Ongoing Forms produced and distribution ongoing. Some forms returned
Forms Distributed,
Ongoing
10/11/14
Collect data from EA regarding control sites with difficult access that may be more suited to their staff than
LRT, EA LRT given permission to access available data via EA database
Ongoing 21/10/14
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volunteers
Convert all existing datasets into GIS layers for easy observation and comparison
LRT, with assistance from
RRT
Ongoing
Whilst complete, new information can be added at any time
Complete 20/10/14
Convert all collected data into GIS format as it arrives
LRT, with assistance from
RRT
Ongoing
Ongoing 6/11/14
Source Identification sheets for main INNS for use in events and in strategy
LRT November 2014 ID Sheets available as posters and are included in this strategy
Complete 11/11/2014
Community Involvement
Organise list of volunteers and potential groups into a dynamic spreadsheet
All Ongoing Whilst complete, new information can be added at any time
Complete 11/11/14
Identify key qualities of volunteers to utilize to greatest potential
LRT, All E.g. Canoeists can observe the river from a different perspective or can access difficult areas with equipment in boats
In Progress 15/10/14
Research available training courses and their relevance to our work
LRT Compare costs and consult partners to find better offers
In Progress 28/10/14
Organise training days for potential volunteers
LRT, EA, All March 2015 onwards Basic training only In Progress 28/10/14
Publicise project through social media, local events, etc
All, primarily LRT SL and LB have more information available
Ongoing 28/10/14
Upload Strategic Plan to LRT website and publicise through Living Lune website
LRT Consult with LB for updates Ongoing 11/11/14
Education
Raise awareness through events, social media, newsletters, etc.
All Consult with LB for updates Ongoing 11/11/14
Distribute INNS Identification sheets to local groups, volunteer groups, schools, etc.
All Posters printed, leaflets in preparation
Ongoing 11/11/14
Arrange school visits for education SL in charge In Progress 20/10/14
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and the possibility of balsam bashing days
LRT, EA
Engage & Train Volunteers
Obtain spraying licenses and training for at least 1-2 LRT staff members and a small number of volunteer coordinators
LRT, EA March 2015 and onwards Control period for INNS starts in 2015
Awaiting Commencement
28/10/14
Purchase and distribution of safety equipment and PPE
LRT March 2015 In Progress 28/10/14
Training days to commence for long and short term INNS control
All Ongoing Awaiting Commencement
28/10/14
Key:
Orange - Awaiting Commencement
Green - Complete
White - Ongoing
Schedule of Events
This is a dynamic list of past and upcoming events planned in the Lune Catchment. Attendees and their age ranges will be added following scheduled events.
Date Event Location County/Area Details Age Range Attendees
5/5/15 Lawkland Young Farmers Club Austwick YDNP Identification training 10-16 20
22/5/15 Wray Primary School Bash Wray FOB Training, small scale 8-10 29
22/7/15 Sedbergh Community Bash Sedbergh YDNP Large Scale
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Appendix E - Species Identification
This appendix links to the species Identification guides supplied via the NNSS (http://www.nonnativespecies.org/)
which are distributed at any relevant LRT meetings and events. Included are those for the three priority species, and
additionally other species for which identification may prove difficult.
Other species are available via the NNSS website and will be included in this report as seen fit.
Species included:
Himalayan Balsam
Giant Hogweed
Japanese Knotweed
American Mink
Floating Pennywort
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21
22
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24
25
26
27
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Appendix F - Species Distribution
This information has been collected and produced by Lancashire Wildlife Trust in 2012. All missing data is
in the process of being collected and updated by Lune Rivers Trust.
Himalayan Balsam
Himalayan Balsam (Impatiens glandulifera) is widespread across the catchment (see Figure 3a) LWT Survey 2012. It is
however limited in data and so the picture is not accurate at present. For this reason the % 1km distribution of the
species does not give a realistic indication of risk in the sub-catchment areas (Figure 3b).
The upland nature of much of the north and eastern portions of the catchment meant that the LWT 2012 survey was
able to confirm the limited distribution when detailing upper limits on the tributaries. The indication of specific
locations and upper limits in the sub-catchments helps give a clear indication of places to concentrate to help
contract the range of the species within the catchment through tackling specific stretches of watercourse (see Figures
3a and 3c).
(A) (B) (C) Figure 3: Distribution of Himalayan Balsam in the Lune Catchment. (A) 1 km grid squares occupied by the species,
(B) percentage of 1km grid squares occupied per sub-catchment. (C) Upper limits of waterbody infestation
(highlighted in red).
Japanese Knotweed
In a similar way to Himalayan Balsam, Japanese Knotweed requires more data for the distribution of information to
be useful and present accurate mapping (Figures 4a and 4b). Again, some key locations have been identified that can
significantly impact the species’ distribution in the catchment and with some more concerted data amalgamation and
gathering a more accurate picture can be confirmed in the future. According to the LWT 2012 survey with the Upper
Lune suggested as mainly clear of infestation and other sub catchments holding low 1km grid square % distribution
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(Figure 4b) eradication should be feasible with funding and action to contract the range - downstream toward urban
Lancaster District.
(A) (B)
Figure 4: Distribution of Japanese Knotweed in the Lune Catchment. A) 1km grid squares occupied by the species,
B) Percentage of 1km grid squares occupied per sub-catchment.
Other Species
Giant Hogweed
There are a number of records for Giant Hogweed on the Lune Catchment, but these sites were not able to be
confirmed during the LWT 2012 Survey. LWT thought that like other catchments much of these records are now
historical and again Local Authorities have a history of control in the area for known sites due to the health and safety
implications where the species is near a path etc. In the warm summer of 2014 several sites were reported and
sprayed by LRT.
Mink
According to the LWT 2012 Survey mink records exist for the catchment and they are known across the whole area.
Control has also been active in the past where angling and fish priorities have been high or key groups / individuals
(including LRT) have been active. Data and records are more incidental and determination of distribution may entail
local group contact with submission of formal records to yield the most success. More work may be needed to
encourage the submission of sightings and training to identify signs and tracks.
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(A) (B)
Figure 5: Other species distribution in the Lune Catchment, by occupied 1km grid squares. A) Mink. B) Giant
Hogweed.
Floating and submerged species
Data was limited for these species, and so more historical records (1989-1999 were included in the 2012 LWT Survey.
They did not have the resource to assess historical records within field work, but future work could include
monitoring of sites with historical records.
Australian Swamp Stonecrop (Crassula helmsii), Water Fern (Azolla filiculoides) and Curly Water Thyme (Lagarosiphon
major) are present in low numbers and further down into the lowland Lancashire area of the catchment. Elodea
species are more common, but still not widespread in the data (see Figure 6).
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Figure 6: Distribution of submerged and floating invasive species in the Lune catchment.
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Appendix G - Species Control methods & Calendar of control times
All information has been collected by the Ribble Rivers Trust in 2013.
Actions to combat main INNS
Himalayan Balsam
Action Target Notes Rationale
Surveying Himalayan balsam on un-surveyed watercourses.
Surveying is most effective in the summer months; however this time is best spent on control work. It is possible to survey at any time of year.
A record of the area covered by the survey and areas with no balsam should be kept. The majority of the major tributaries in the catchment are now surveyed, and the priority streams have been identified. However, a better understanding of the distribution of Himalayan balsam would help inform the management strategy for future years. Records of the survey route are useful for planning future surveys. Absence data is useful for determining the true species distribution and is particularly useful for locations with old records of the species.
Habitat restoration of treated areas
Local origin native wildflower seed can be sown on areas lacking in vegetation or flowers due to balsam removal. In riparian sites it may be possible to do a habitat scheme comprising fencing and tree planting.
Removal of Himalayan balsam can leave large areas of bare earth which may lead to erosion and promote re-colonisation by invasive species. It also deprives local insects of a major pollen source. Suitable habitat restoration, for example by planting wild flowers can help mitigate these effects. Grazing helps keep balsam under control so stock exclusion and tree planting more appropriate on sites cleared of Himalayan balsam.
Re-survey of treated areas and follow up control
All treated areas need to be revisited a number of times throughout the summer to check the effectiveness of control and carry out any further work needed.
The first treatment is rarely 100% effective, especially in dense or extensive patches. Re-surveying the area a few weeks after treatment will give an indication of the survival rate. Follow up control of any regrowth can be carried out at the same time.
Spray suitable sites with glyphosate-based herbicide
Suitable sites will be densely colonised with balsam and have low native plant diversity. Ideally away from water and low gradient terrain. May to July is the most effective time.
Glyphosate is the most effective approved herbicide for this plant. Spraying is a labour efficient way of treating dense infestations but care must be taken to reduce damage to native flora. Environment Agency permit required if spraying near water.
Spray grassland sites with 2,4-D amine-based herbicide
Suitable sites will have abundant balsam growing amongst grass, with few other native broad-leafed plants. April and May is the best time
2,4-D amine is a selective herbicide which only kills broad-leafed plants, without harming grasses. This is particularly useful for balsam control in grassland as it leaves the sward intact and protects the underlying soil. EA permit required if spraying near water.
Strimming (Brushcutting) of plants in accessible areas
Most habitats types are suitable for using a strimmer to clear the balsam. A metal brushcutter head is
Strimming is an effective way to control Himalayan balsam, particularly when it is growing densely. It avoids the need to use
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Lessons learned from 2012
In sites with high densities of Himalayan balsam, hand pulling as the only method of control can be prohibitively time
consuming. A better management strategy would be to start with strimming and/or spraying treatments and follow
up with hand pulling later in the season. Contrary to some literature, Himalayan balsam does not flower or set seed
synchronously. Late developing plants continue to flower through to the end of September. Some of these late plants
flower when only a few inches tall though it isn’t known if these would successfully set seed. To ensure full control of
each site, repeat visits are required throughout the growing season at regular intervals to prevent seed being set.
Japanese Knotweed
Action Target Notes Rationale
Cutting of dead knotweed stems
A brushcutter or machete can be used for this task. Cut material can be left on site. Between late November and March the stems are dead and will not re-root so there is no risk of spreading the knotweed by cutting the stems.
Knotweed stems die back in winter but can still be a significant obstruction the next year when the new growth needs spraying. Clearing the old stems during the winter will much improve access for spraying meaning that the application is more effective.
Spraying with glyphosate- based herbicide
Each site should be sprayed at least twice per year. Ideally, spray each time the regrowth reaches about 1 m tall and once in autumn just after flowering. The first application is usually in May.
Glyphosate is the most effective approved herbicide for this plant. Spraying is a labour efficient way of treating dense infestations but full control can take several years to achieve. Care should be taken to reduce damage to native flora but there is usually little else growing underneath Japanese knotweed. An EA permit is required to spray near water.
Survey new records of knotweed and assess for impact and treatment options
Important information to record is the size of the colony, how dense it is and how far it is from water.
Speculative surveys for knotweed are not usually an efficient use of time. Knotweed tends to be localised and does not cover large areas. New records of knotweed need to be resurveyed, firstly to assess the need to control and secondly to record the information needed to plan control work.
useful for cutting through thicker vegetation. April to September
herbicide so can be more appropriate by watercourses and on other sensitive sites. The lower the balsam can be cut, the better; below the first stem node is ideal. Can be useful as a pre-treatment for other forms of control.
Controlling plants by hand, by pulling and using ‘grass slashers
Suitable for sites with difficult terrain, by watercourses, with low densities of balsam and environmentally or ecologically sensitive habitat. April to September.
Hand pulling is a labour intensive but effective control method. It is highly selective so reduces damage to non-target species to a minimum. Grass slashers are useful hand tools which can be very effective at cutting large numbers of plants. Must be carried out during the growing season but before flowering.
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Habitat restoration of treated areas Areas of bare earth around and under the Japanese knotweed can be temporarily restored through the use of wildflower and grass seeds. These can be sown after the last treatment each year.
Removal of knotweed can leave patches of bare earth which may lead to erosion and promote colonisation by Himalayan balsam. Suitable habitat restoration which encourages development of native vegetation cover can stabilise the soil and discourage further invasion. The difficulty is that knotweed takes several years to treat and that each treatment is likely to kill many of the plants underneath the knotweed.
Re-survey of treated areas and follow up control
Resurvey should look for the effectiveness of the treatment and whether any patches have been missed. Further herbicide applications may be needed.
Japanese knotweed control requires several years of persistent treatment to fully kill the plants. Re-survey, follow up control and monitoring are essential to ensure full control and prevent a waste of time and money.
Monitor arrival and effects of psyllid Aphalara itadori
Check plants for psyllid before treatment. If suspected psyllid is found, delay treatment until identification is confirmed.
This insect was released by CABI in March 2010 under license from Defra as a biocontrol agent for Japanese knotweed. As a new species and a new control agent, it is important to monitor for presence of the psyllid in the Ribble catchment and if found, inform CABI and seek advice regarding further management.
Lessons learned from 2012
It is difficult to effectively spray colonies of knotweed that are tall and dense. Only the outside edge of these
colonises really gets sprayed. Knotweed should be sprayed when it is a manageable height in spring so that it does
not grow too tall to spray later in the year.
Stem injection is very time consuming and only works for knotweed with thick stems. This technique can be useful for
small patches of knotweed on sensitive sites where herbicide may cause damage, however for the majority of sites,
knapsack spraying is more appropriate.
Giant Hogweed
Action Timing Target & Seasonality Rationale
Glyphosate treatment of high priority sites
April - June Leaves of giant hogweed are most permeable to glyphosate when they are young so the best time to spray is spring and early summer, before flowering.
Glyphosate is the most effective approved herbicide for this plant. Spraying using a knapsack sprayer with a lance reduces the risk of skin contact with the plant. Spraying personal protective equipment also protects against contact with the plant.
Prevention of flowering by May - August Plants can be cut or dug up Preventing flowering of the
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mechanical means
just below ground level. This may prevent or delay flowering but may need to be repeated. As a last resort, the flower stalk itself can be cut and removed.
plant prevents seed production. If chemical treatment is not possible in a particular season, this is the next best option. This method of treatment also weakens the plant and reduces the need for herbicide use.
Survey new records of giant hogweed and assess for impact and treatment options
June - November Important information to record is the abundance or number of plants, the size of the plants and the distance from a watercourse.
Giant hogweed is a hazard to health and new records should be assessed promptly for risk posed to the public. Rapid response to new records of giant hogweed may prevent establishment of a colony and be cost effective in the long term.
Habitat restoration
July - November Habitat restoration carried out where appropriate
Removal of giant hogweed, especially by mechanical means can leave areas of bare earth which may be susceptible to erosion or colonisation by invasive plants. Habitat restoration, for example by planting native wildflowers can help mitigate these effects. Wildflower mixes should be of local origin and suitable for the given habitat.
Re-survey of treated areas and follow up control
June - September Resurvey of treated sites should look for the efficacy of treatment and any plants missed. Follow up control should then aim to achieve full control of the site for that year.
Glyphosate treatment of giant hogweed may require several applications to kill the plant. In subsequent years, new plants are likely to emerge from the seed bank. Re-survey, follow up control and monitoring are essential to ensure full control.
Lessons Learned from 2012
Cutting giant hogweed down at ground level in May is insufficient to prevent flowering in all plants. Repeat treatment
closer to flowering time in June or July is necessary.
Old records of giant hogweed should not be discounted until they have been re-surveyed. The plants’ long lifecycle
and seed dormancy means they can be persistent in a location over many years, even if control has been carried out
in the past.
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Appendix H - Documents used
Below is a list of documents used to obtain information for the INNS project
Stakeholder information
Landowner/Authority information for LRT INNS Strategic Plan
Contact Name:
No.:
Email:
Name of local authority/organisation/landowner represented:
Which INNS Species are the main focus of your work/projects:
Details of INNS control methods used:
Do you have a strategy for control prepared:
Are maps available for your area/projects:
Any other concerns/requests/updates to share:
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INNS Survey Recording Sheet
*Dominant (>75% cover) Name:
Abundant (51 – 75% cover) Address:
Frequent (26 – 50% cover)
Occasional (11 – 25% cover) Tel No.:
Rare (0 – 10% cover) e-mail:
Please return completed survey sheets to:
For Additional copies please contact via email address
Common Name Location (OS Grid ref preferred), River or Beck
Coverage/ Area (m2)
DAFOR* Notes (Habitat, affected plants, etc)
Photo ID (if attached)/ location details
For convinience, use abbreviations for common
name. e.g. Giant Hogweed - GH, Japanese
Knotweed - JK, etc.
For Himalayan Balsam, indicate a start and end
point of the coverage. Ben Myerscough or [email protected]
11 Birch Road
Garstang
LANCASHIRE
PR31WJ
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