Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Opportunities. Case Studies from Scotland

03/02/2019

Nigel Holmes, Scottish Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Association 1

Low Carbon Hydrogen & Fuel Cells in Scotland.

Deployment, Opportunities, & Next Steps

Nigel Holmes, SHFCA 31st January 2019

Areas I will cover

• Scotland’s journey to a Low Carbon Economy

• Renewable Energy for Hydrogen & Energy Systems

• H2 Energy Systems – 3 Case Study Updates

1. Aberdeen: Bus fleet, FC-CHP, and H2 supply

2. Fife Local Energy Systems: Methil and CIES

3. Orkney: An Exemplar ‘Hydrogen Territory’

• Identifying further H&FC opportunities

• The need for Partnerships

SHFCA & Our Member Activities Key SHFCA member activity areas include: • Fuel Cell distributed CHP – ultra low emissions • Hydrogen and Fuel Cells for Sustainable Transport • Energy Storage with Hydrogen, Small to Large scale

SHFCA members include: • Energy companies & delivery partners • Researchers & Developers • Early Adopters & Project Partners

85+ SHFCA members: • Possibly the most proactive H&FC Association in Europe?

Widening Scottish HFC sector interest

SHFCA members include Micro, SMEs, Corporates, Local Authorities, Academics, & Partners

Scotland’s Transition to Low Carbon Scotland’s transition from oil/gas to Renewable Energy:

• Local Energy Systems & Distributed Power

• Whole Energy System Approach, Smarter Local Use of Energy

• Hydrogen’s potential for energy balancing & storage

Scotland’s last coal fired power station closed in March 2016

Scotland’s Ambitions for Reducing CO2

Reduce CO2 emissions by 42% in 2020 (compared to 1990 baseline)

Generate 100% of Scotland’s power* from Renewables

Install 1 GW of Locally Owned Renewables

In 2017 Scotland generated 68.1% of its gross

annual electrical demand from Renewables.

(the answer to life, the universe and everything)

Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Opportunities. Case Studies from Scotland

03/02/2019

Nigel Holmes, Scottish Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Association 2

Scotland: 100% Renewables by 2020

Scottish Climate Plan, February 2018. Link: www.gov.scot/Publications/2018/02/8867

Meet Climate Targets with Green & Blue H2

• CCC advice to Scottish Government

Year Scottish CO2 Reduction

2020 56%

2030 66%

2040 78%

2050 90%

The CCC also advises combined use of renewables and CCS for rapid and effective carbon reduction

Hydrogen for the Clean Energy Transition

• Scottish Energy Strategy target is for 50% of all Scotland’s energy to come from Renewables by 2030

• 66% CO2 reduction by 2030

• Gives 2 Scenarios for 2050 – 1. Electric or – 2. Hydrogen

Scottish Energy Strategy, December 2017: ‘The Future of Energy in Scotland’

Also predicts that 2050 will use a combination of H2 & electricity

Scotland’s Renewable Energy Growth

• 68.1% of Scotland’s gross electricity demand was met from renewables in 2017

But Wind Increasingly Constrained

From Joos & Staffell “Short term integration costs of variable renewable energy: Wind curtailment and balancing in Britain and Germany”

…converting Electricity to Hydrogen • Electrolysis of Water • Using Renewable Electricity • Provide Grid Balancing Services

Electrolyser Schematic ↑

← 100MW Alkaline Electrolyser for Ammonia Manufacturing Plant

Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Opportunities. Case Studies from Scotland

03/02/2019

Nigel Holmes, Scottish Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Association 3

Scottish Hydrogen from Renewables Scottish H2 & FC

Current Activities

Aberdeen Cluster

Dundee

Methil & Glenrothes

Surf n Turf & BIG HIT

Stornoway HRS

Ineos Refinery

St Andrews R&D

Lismore

Acorn @ St Fergus

Machrihanish

EMEC @ Eday

Perth

Musselburgh

Aberdeen’s Hydrogen Bus Fleet(s)

Fleet of 10 Hydrogen Fuel Cell Buses launched in March 2015, EU Supported

Green Hydrogen produced on Site

Hydrogen is produced on-site in Aberdeen City centre by electrolysis of water, using

‘green’ electricity. An €11m FCH-JU supported project, supply up to 400kg/day.

Aberdeen’s Bus Fleet Achievements

Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Opportunities. Case Studies from Scotland

03/02/2019

Nigel Holmes, Scottish Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Association 4

Second Refueller now Operational

2 of Aberdeen’s 10 Toyota Mirai FCVs being refuelled, more coming

Adding to Aberdeen’s H2 Vehicle Fleet

Hydrogen-ICE refuse truck Hydrogen-ICE Street Sweeper

10 more HFC Buses will double Aberdeen’s HFC Bus Fleet to 20 Buses A further 8 Toyota Mirai FCVs planned for NHS Grampian

+ 1.4MW of Fuel Cell CHP at new AECC • Three x 440kW Doosan ‘PureCell’

CHP units

• UK’s largest FC-CHP installation

• Site lighting by TCP Hymera Fuel Cell

• PureCells can also produce H2

Fuel Cell CHP = 90% Energy Efficiency

Containerised system – Doosan PureCell 400kWe unit Natural Gas, but also available for 100% hydrogen fuel

www.pale-blu.com

National Transmission System (NTS)

Aberdeen H2 Production Hub

Aberdeen Region – What Next? Offshore gas production

Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Opportunities. Case Studies from Scotland

03/02/2019

Nigel Holmes, Scottish Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Association 5

The Hydrogen Office in Methil

Levenmouth Project Schematic

Levenmouth Project: H2 for 17 Vehicles

Wind, PV & H2 storage with Toshiba H2-EMS

Renault Hy-Kangoo & Ford H2-ICE Transit

Levenmouth Fleet – with 2 RCVs • World first H2-ICE Refuse Collection Vehicles

• Diesel-hydrogen flex fuel

• Carry 5kg of hydrogen at 350 bar

Eden Innovation Centre: University of St Andrews

Eden Guardbridge Site

Total £26M investment:

- £7M for infrastructure

- £13M for EIC facilities

- £4M for Enterprise Hub

- £2M Business Incubator

Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Opportunities. Case Studies from Scotland

03/02/2019

Nigel Holmes, Scottish Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Association 6

Local Energy Systems in Orkney

By 2014 the Orkney was generating 120% of annual

electrical demand from Renewables

• Renewables generate > 100% of Orkney’s electricity

• Over 50MW of installed renewable capacity

• 1000 renewable installations for 10,000 households

• Hosts the European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC)

• Orkney mentioned in Scottish Energy Strategy

EMEC Electrolyser : Surf ‘n’ Turf

High pressure PEM electrolyser supported by Highlands and Islands

Enterprise innovation funding

Surf 'n' Turf is generating hydrogen from wind and tidal on Eday to avoid grid limitations and develop local use.

Projects were supported by HIE & Local Energy Challenge Fund.

Surf ‘n’ Turf Launch 27th Sept 2017

Building on Surf ‘n’ Turf with BIG HIT

Building Innovative Green Hydrogen Systems in Isolated Territories

• €5m FCH 2 JU project. Green hydrogen with 1MW electrolyser

• Supply hydrogen for 5 x FC range extended EV vans in Kirkwall

• also hydrogen for heating community school on Shapinsay.

Shapinsay’s 0.9MW turbine Green H2 for OIC Vans H2 Trailer

BIG HIT Grant no.: 700092

Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Opportunities. Case Studies from Scotland

03/02/2019

Nigel Holmes, Scottish Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Association 7

Hydrogen from Constrained Renewables

Hydrogen production on Eday at constrained EMEC site using wind and

marine renewable energy

Hydrogen production at the Shapinsay constrained community wind turbine site, using a 1MW electrolyser from ITM Power

Orkney Hydrogen Moved by Tube Trailer

Hydrogen trailers are manufactured by Calvera at factory in Zaragoza, Spain

Hydrogen trailer being used in Kirkwall, carries 250kg at 200 bar pressure

Hydrogen into Heat, Power, Transport

Hydrogen refuelling station in Kirkwall, opened May 2018, to refuel the hydrogen van fleet used

by Orkney Islands Council.

Hydrogen vans used by Orkney Islands Council together with one of the five

hydrogen trailers in Kirkwall

So what do we do next…

Project Developments in Orkney

HySeas III – FCH-JU funded project with Ferguson Marine, EMEC, and University of St Andrews. World first fuel cell ferry for operation in Orkney Islands by 2021.

HyDime – Innovate UK project UK’s first H2 injection system for hydrogen/diesel APU for Shapinsay ferry. May 2019 completion, led by Ferguson Marine with OIC & EMEC partners.

€11m Integrating Tidal Energy into the European Grid (ITEG) project led by EMEC

Where next : ‘Future of Energy in Scotland’

HFC projects are supporting delivery of the Climate Plan and its three main themes:

1. Managed energy transition

2. A ‘whole-system’ view

3. Local vision for energy

Using the whole energy systems approach with hydrogen. The first Scottish Energy Strategy ‘The Future of Energy in Scotland’ was released in December 2017

Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Opportunities. Case Studies from Scotland

03/02/2019

Nigel Holmes, Scottish Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Association 8

Heat… Scottish Final Energy Demand

53% of Energy is used for Heating

Power 22%

Transport 25%

Seasonal Demand Challenge…Heat

Seasonality of Heat Demand: ~ extra 200GWh/day for Winter Heat (& Power…)

City opportunities: Heat, Power & Transport ‘Local Grid’… supporting local jobs (

• Sustains local jobs & economic benefits

• Been doing this for almost 100 years

• eg Fort William aluminium smelter

40,000 tonnes per year of clean ‘energy

export’

~0.6 TWh

Use Hydrogen from Renewables to make Products – like Fertiliser and Clean Fuels

Adding flexibility with Hydrogen • Use hydrogen as a clean

energy vector

• Seasonal energy storage

• Hydrogen for Heat

• Also as feedstock for chemical conversions

• Make ‘commodity’ products

• Storable & Transportable

• Fuels, Chemicals, Fertiliser

H2 for Zero Emissions Freight & Transport

• Hydrogen in the clean transport mix

• Developing the H2 refuelling

• Vehicles being deployed in Scotland

• Trucks, buses, trains & marine

Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Opportunities. Case Studies from Scotland

03/02/2019

Nigel Holmes, Scottish Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Association 9

H&FC in Scotland: What & Where Next… • Supporting key Energy &

Climate policy ambitions

• Cleaner air for cities

• Low Regret Options

• The Just Transition challenge

• Partnership approach

• GHG reduction at scale using Green & Blue H2

Windfarms, Railways: What & Where Next…

Scotland: Scaling Up Hydrogen & Fuel Cells • ‘Learning by Doing’ at Local Level

• Supporting the Energy Transition

• Building up for Hydrogen at Scale

• Reduce Green & Blue H2 costs

Scottish H&FC Opportunities

Aberdeen H100

Dundee JIVE2

Methil H100 & ORE Catapult

Shetland Islands P2H

Stornoway Cluster

Grangemouth Cluster

ACORN & H2A

Chapelcross Hub

Orkney Cluster

Perth HRS

Mossmorran

Glasgow LEZ & Future City

Liberty

Guardbridge CIES

Macc H100

Thanks for listening – Any Questions?

nigel.holmes@shfca.org.uk Mobile +44(0)7818 091466