Environment energy and renewables

8/14/2019 Environment energy and renewables

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E F F I C I E N C Y D E C I D E S

Stephanie He

MBA, DESCM, Dipl.-Kffr.

Renewables made in Germany Innovation, Market Development and Political IncentivesSo Paulo, 1st of October 2007


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2E F F I C I E N C Y D E C I D E S

German Energy Agency (dena): Who we are

Challenges: Climate change and security of energy supply

Success: Market development and political incentives

renewables made in Germany: Services

Table of contents.


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German Energy Agency (dena):

Who we are


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The German Energy Agency (dena).

50% German Government

Represented by:

Federal Ministry of Economics andTechnology (BMWi)

Federal Ministry for the Environment,Nature Conservation and NuclearSafety (BMU)

Federal Ministry of Transport,

Building and Urban Affairs (BMVBS)

50% KfW Bank Group

Shareholders

Competence Centre for EnergyEfficiency and Renewable Energies

Founded in 2001 in Berlin

100 employees

National and International Projects

Strategy development

Information

Pilot projects

Campaigns

International Networking

Key Facts

Managing Board

Stephan Kohler, Andrea Weinert


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Climate change and security of energy supply

Source:

Bun

desverban

dW

indEnerg

iee.V.


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Challenges of the 21st century.

Rise of CO2 concentration in

the atmosphere > 30% during theera of industrialisation

Main cause is the use of fossilfuels

Global warming is anthropogenic(90%)

Finiteness of resources

Regional concentration of fossilenergy resources

Rising energy prices / dependence-0,80

-0,60

-0,40

-0,20

0,00

0,20

0,40

0,60

0,80

1,00

1850

1862

1874

1886

1898

1910

1922

1934

1946

1958

1970

1982

1994

2006

Source:

Clima

teRes

earc

hUn

it,

UEANorw

ich

,2007


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Success in Germany:

Market development and political incentives


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Germany can look back on many years of experience and is a globalpioneer in the area of RE technology.

The German RE experience.

Largest installed wind power capacity in the world

Largest PV market in the world

Largest solar thermal market in Europe

Pioneer in the field of biofuels and hydrogen


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Biomass

Wind energy

Solar energy

Hydropower

Geothermal power

Distribution of the turnover (approx. 21,6 Bn.) ofthe German renewable energy industry in 2006.

Source:

BMU2007

,ZSW2007

increase of jobs since 2004: 47.4% (2006: 231,500; 2004: 157,100)

CO2 emission reduction of 97 Mio. t in 2006 (44 Mio. t due to the EEG)


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German targets on renewable energies.

20%12.5%12,0%6.3%Electricity

10%4.2%5,3%2.1%Primary Energy

Goal 2020Goal 2010Situation 2006Situation 2000

German Environmental Minister Sigmar Gabriel Target of 12,5% will be reached in 2007

New target electricity: 2530 % in 2020; 45% in 2030

Targets currently discussed:

Primary Energy Supply: 20 % (2020), all renewables

Electricity: 25-30 % (2020), 45 % (2030), all renewables

Heat: 17 % in 2020

Transportation: 10 % (2020), 20 % (2030) (biofuels)


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Structure of the primary energy consumption inGermany in 2006.

other andbalance

Lignite

Hard coal

Nuclear power

GasRenewableEnergies

Oil

Total

Source:

BMU2007

,ZSW

2007


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Photovoltaics

Wind energy

Geothermal powerHydropower

Biogenic shareof waste

Biogenicsolid fuels

BiogasLandfill gasSewage gas

Biogenic liquidfuels

Total:

total biomass: 23 %(without seage and landfill gas)

Structure of the electricity generation of renewableenergies in Germany in 2006.


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German renewable energy policies.

Ecological tax reform, 1999 EEG (Renewable Energy Law)

Federal law

Further development of the Power Feed-In Law StrEG of 1991

2000 EEG replaces StrEG

2004 EEG in its current form enters into force

Currently 2nd Review Process kick off next parliamentary session

Market Incentive Programme ( 213 million planned for 2007)

Low taxes for biogenic fuels


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EEG: Legal Foundations.

I. Priority for feed-in of RE II. Extensive regulation for grid access

III. Legally regulated payment rates

Long-term perspective and investment security (1530 years)

Incentive for the opening up of new potentials and technologies (esp. biomassand geothermal energy)

Strong incentive for efficiency boost, by degression of payment rates

IV. Additional costs are passed on to consumers (no subsidy)


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Pillars of the EEG:I. Priority for feed-in of RE, 4 [1] EEG.

Connection Obligation, ( 4 [1], Satz 1, 2. HS EEG)

Priority given to the attachment of equipment for theproduction of energy from renewable energy sources to

electricity mains.Grid owners are not able not claim another energy source is

being used and not take energy produced from renewableenergy sources.

Obligation to Accept DeliveryGrid owners are required to take all energy produced byrenewable energy sources ( 12 [1] EEG)

Transmission Obligation


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Pillars of the EEG:II. Obligation- Grid Expansion, 4 [1,2] EEG.

Technical difficulties do not justify the rejection of gridaccess. Grid operator has to invest to connect RE plant togrid.

Only economically reasonable investments can bedemanded, but the definition is rather generous.

Principle of the proportionality: Cases are considered by anindividual basis.

Required grid expansion has to take place immediately,without delays. The immediate start and finish of requiredgrid expansion projects should be within a few months.


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Pillars of EEG:III. Reimbursement obligations, 5 [1] EEG.

Every offered kWh produced from renewable energy systems must betaken by the grid owners, ( 5 [1] EEG).

The actual compensation amount differs depending upon thetechnology, installation type, performance class and range of

application.

A gradual annual decrease (degression) in the tariff, depending onthe year of deployment, is in place to incentivize the industry for morecost reductions and performance innovations.

Hardship exemption for energy-intensive companies, 16 EEG.


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Feed-In Rate under the EEG for 2007.

20

20

20

20

20

30

Duration(yrs)

2.0% (as of 1 Jan. 2008)6.19 - 9.10Wind energy (offshore)

2.0%5.17 - 8.19Wind energy (onshore)

5.0 6.5%37.96 54.21Photovoltaics

1.0% (as of 1 Jan. 2010)7.16 - 15.00Geothermal energy

1.5%8.03 - 20.99Bio energy

0%3.58 - 9.67Hydropower

Degression2007-Cents/kWh


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EEG payment rates and the electric-power price trend.

Low-cost wind powerAs of 2015, prices for power from conventionally-fuelled power plants will surpass those for windenergy.New power-plant construction and risingprocurement costs will determine conventionalpower prices.

Source:

BEE


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IV. Share of costs for one kWh of electricity in privatehouseholds (-Cents 18.6), 2005.

Source: BMU 2006

Average household with 3.500 kWh/year: 2,00 /month


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Electricity from photovoltaic in Germany 19902006.

1 2 3 6 8 11 16 26 32 42 64116

188

333

557

1282

2000

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

yearlyaddition[MWp]

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

cumulatedinstalledcapacity[MWp]

added capacity per year Cumulated installed Capacity

Source:

BMU,

2007

Introduction EEG

Introduction 100.000 roof-top programme


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Electricity from biomass in Germany 19902006.

1422 1450 1545 1570 1870 20202203 2479

3.392 3.6414.129 5.065

5.962

9.13210.436

13.534

18588

0

2.000

4.000

6.000

8.000

10.000

12.000

14.000

16.000

18.000

20.000

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Elec

tricity

Gene

ration

[GWh/a]

Entry intoforce of EEG

Entry into force ofthe Electricity Feed Act

Introductionof Biomass Ordinance

Source:

BM

U2007

2006: 10,2 TWh from solid biomass incl. biogenic share ofwaste, 5,4 TWh from biogas, rest from solid biomass


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Electricity from biogas in Germany 19962006.

Source:Fa

chverban

dBiogas,

2007

installed capacity [MW]

numb

erofplants

est.

number of plants

installedcapa

city[MW]


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The market incentive programme for solar thermal applications.

Extract of Promotion Guidelines (August 07)

Preconditions for promotion of systems for hot water generation and room

heating support

Minimum size of at least 9 sqm (flat collectors) / 7 sqm (vacuum tube collectors) Minimum size of buffer storage of at least 40 l / sqm (flat collectors) / 50 l / sqm

(vacuum tube collectors)

Extent of subsidies for construction of systems (


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The market incentive programme: outcomes.

Achievements 1999-2006:

Installation of 523,600 solar collector systems and 95,300 small biomassboilers

Approx. 2,500 loans approved for larger systems utilising solid biomass,biogas and deep geothermal plants

In total, subsidies of 827 million and loans of 887 million triggered aninvestment volume of 6,5 billion and the realisation of more than623,900 projects

Outlook

50% increase of applicants in the first half of 2006 in comparison to the

whole year of 2005 although the amount of subsidies was reduced twiceto elongate the funds

Due to its success, the 2007 programme is to be extended to 213million/year (largest subsidy programme of its kind in Europe)


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Heat from solar thermal in Germany 19902006.

338 466 582749

9401.156

1.4531.817

2.191

2.638

3.283

4.207

4.754

5.600

6.300

7.200

8.000

0

500

1.000

1.500

2.000

2.500

3.000

3.500

4.000

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

HeatProduction[GWh/a]

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

area[1,00

0m

2]

Installed area Heat generation

Source:

BMU

2007


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Heat from biomass in Germany 19972006.

48.546 51.613 50.951

54.314 55.32656.168 56.801

62.149

76.500

83.900

0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

50.000

60.000

70.000

80.000

90.000

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

[GWh/a]

Source:

BMU2007


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renewables made in Germany:

Services


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Efficiency decides.


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Presentation of the German companies I.

manufacturer in the field of solarelectronics including solar photovoltaic,

solar thermal systems, grid connectionsystems

Benjamin Rudas RuizSTECA GmbH

planning, consulting, production ofphotovoltaic systems, including solarmodules, mounting systems, inverters,

charge controllers, batteries

Beatriz de UgarteKrannich Solartechnike. K.

component supply for PV-systems; grid-and off-grid inverters of different shape

and size for all type of applications

Matthias HermesSMA Technologie AG

development, production and sale of solarcells made of mono- and multicrystalline

silicon

Nils WaterstratQ-Cells AG

representativecompany


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Presentation of the German companies II.

system supplier forphotovoltaics/solar thermal,

including grid- and off-gridconnected solar-power installations

Angela ChristianeVogel

CONERGY EnergiaSolar Ltda.

development, planning,

construction, operation of biogasplants (based on the flow-storageprocess)

Carsten LinnenbergBIOGAS NORD GmbH

planning, design, construction ofwood and straw pelleting plants forwaste tyres, domestic waste,

complete feed mills, plants

Eduardo Ochoteco,Ubiratan Lintz

AMANDUS KAHL GmbH& Co. KG

representativecompany


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Muito obrigada.

Deutsche Energie-Agentur GmbH (dena)Chausseestr. 128a10115 BerlinDeutschland

Tel: +49 (0)30 72 61 65 - 600Fax: +49 (0)30 72 61 65 - 699

www.dena.de

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Environment energy and renewables